JPS635643B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a dust supply device for transporting and charging waste to an incinerator in an incineration facility for waste mainly consisting of loose materials such as municipal waste and industrial waste.

Some of the present inventors have already invented a transportation device and filed an application (as Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-9203).

This is a transport device having two screws rotatably held parallel to each other in a conveyor case, in which a portion of the conveyor case beside the screws is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screws. a movable wall that moves; at least one of the two screws is a movable screw that moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw; and the movable wall is a transport device that moves together with the movable screw. If applied to the dust supply device invented by some of the present inventors (as Patent Publication No. 58-57650), the distance between the axes of the two screws can be reduced by the expanding force of the sandwiched object. By adjusting the amount so that it does not exceed a specified limit, waste mainly consisting of solid materials such as municipal waste is accepted from the entrance, large items are coarsely crushed, and if there are solid items contained in bags, the bags are broken. At the same time, it is possible to provide a supply device for a waste incinerator that performs quantitative transfer and has a simple structure.

Furthermore, since a portion of the conveyor case beside the screw moves in a direction perpendicular to the screw axis, no jamming occurs between the screw blade and the conveyor case when the screw moves.

Figure 1 shows an example of a municipal waste incineration facility. The garbage stored in the pit 1 is dumped into a hopper 4 by a bucket 3 of a crane 2, and is supplied to an incinerator 6 by a dust supply device 5 serving as a transportation device. In the incinerator 6, fluidizing air supplied by a forced air blower 7 is ejected upward from the distribution plate 8 into the furnace, hits an inclined wall 9, and becomes a swirling flow 10 in a vertical plane, dispersing fluidized media such as sand. A two-layer swirling fluidized bed is formed by causing the fluid to flow along this line.
This swirling fluidized bed allows the waste to be burnt well in a short period of time without hindering its fluidization, and high combustion efficiency can be obtained even if fine crushing is not performed in advance.

Reference numerals 11 and 11' designate combustion exhaust gas ducts, 12 a non-combustible material discharge device, 13 a vibrating sieve, 14 a conveyor for discharging lump non-combustible materials, and 15 an elevator for collecting fluidized media such as sand.

In the dust supply device 5, 16 is a garbage inlet;
Reference numeral 7 indicates an outlet for garbage after the bag has been torn, 18 indicates an outlet for large unsuitable materials that are not allowed to be put into the incinerator 6, and 19 indicates a return chute.

The combustion exhaust gas emitted from the incinerator 6 is transferred to the induced blower 2.
0, the temperature is adjusted in the gas cooling chamber 21 so that the temperature in the electric precipitator 22 is around 300°C, and after some heat is recovered in the air preheater 23 for raising the temperature of the fluidizing air, Most of the dust is removed by the electric precipitator 22, and passed through the damper 26 to the chimney 2.
4 is emitted into the atmosphere. Note that the fluidizing air source is often used by sucking air from the pit chamber 25 to prevent odor.

In this way, the waste incinerator generally adopts a balanced ventilation system using the forced air blower 7 and the induced air blower 20, and controls the ventilation system using the induced air fan 20 so that the pressure inside the incinerator is maintained at a negative pressure. It is true. In the example shown in FIG. 1, control is performed by a control damper 26 at the inlet of the induced blower 20. Further, the space between the inside of the incinerator 6 and the pit chamber 25 is sealed, although incompletely, by the contents of the hopper 4 and the dust supply device 5.

However, when incinerating waste is input into the incinerator 6, fluctuations in composition and amount cannot be avoided, so the generation of combustion exhaust gas is not necessarily constant, and the ventilation system cannot be controlled with perfect followability. The internal pressure of the furnace 6 fluctuates.

Therefore, in the past, it was necessary to create a large negative pressure inside the incinerator 6 in consideration of the fluctuation range of the internal pressure of the incinerator 6, but naturally the amount of leakage from the pit chamber 25 through the dust supply device 5 also increased. Since the air pressure may increase depending on the air pressure, an induced air blower 20 with a large air volume and air pressure and its driving motor are required, and the proportion of the power consumption included in the operating cost cannot be ignored.

The present invention allows the negative pressure inside the waste incinerator to increase due to air entering through the dust supply device of the waste incinerator,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a dust supply device that can reduce the size of an induced blower that generates negative pressure in a furnace and save energy for operating the blower.

The present invention provides a mechanism that exhausts air from the part of the dust supply device 5 that comes into contact with waste, and even if the inside of the incinerator 6 becomes slightly positive pressure and the combustion exhaust gas flows backward through the dust supply device, the combustion exhaust gas is transferred to the dust supply device 5. Based on the technical concept of preventing the inflow of combustion exhaust gas into the pit chamber 25 by exhausting the air from the furnace, and making it possible to operate at a small negative pressure inside the furnace, there is a slight gap between the upper part of the movable wall of the dust supply device and the conveyor case. Provide a gap between the conveyor casing and the moving wall to prevent galling or jamming between the conveyor casing and the moving wall during movement, and provide an exhaust hole in the part of the conveyor casing separated from the screw by the moving wall to vent air. At the top of the aforementioned moving wall,
Gas, etc., is exhausted from between the contents of the conveyor through the gap.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The structure of the dust supply device 5 is shown in an overall view in FIGS. 2 and 3. A hopper 4 is connected to the conveyor case 27 via a waste inlet 16, a waste outlet 17 is provided at one lower end, and a discharge port for bulky unsuitable materials that are not allowed to be fed into the incinerator 6 is provided at the other end. 18 are provided. Inside the conveyor case 27, the conveyor cases 27 rotate in opposite directions, and during normal operation, rotate in a forward direction such that their upper sides approach each other, their axes are held parallel to each other on a horizontal plane, and they are twisted in opposite directions. Two screws 28, 29 in the direction are provided. The pitch of the blades 30, 31 of the screws 28, 29 is larger in the vicinity of the outlet 17 than in the vicinity of the inlet 16.

One screw 29 is connected to the conveyor case 27
It is supported by bearings 32 and 33 at a fixed position relative to the shaft, and is directly rotated by a motor 34 via a shaft coupling 34'. Screw 29 during normal operation
rotates in a normal counterclockwise direction when viewed from the motor 34 side, and the screw 28 rotates in a normal clockwise direction.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the screw 28
The guide rail 3 is moved by the cylinders 35 and 36.
It is supported by moving bearings 38, 39 that move along the line 7. Since the cylinders 35 and 36 are arranged to be synchronously displaced by equal distances as described below, the screw 28 moves parallel to the screw 29, and the distance between the shafts is saved by l ₁
It is now practiced from 1 to ₂ .

As shown in FIG. 7, a part of the wall of the conveyor case 27 beside the screw 28
The movable wall 50 is guided by a guide portion 49 so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the movable wall 50 . The movable wall 50 extends along the entire length of the conveyor case 27 along the axial direction of the screw 28, as shown in FIG. 51 protruding through the elongated hole 52, it moves as the screw 28 moves. The elongated hole 52 is always closed by the moving bearings 38 and 39.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the shaft ends of the screws 28 and 29 on the motor 34 side are connected to a link 40 pivotally attached to the shaft of the screw 28, a link 41 pivotally attached to the shaft of the screw 29, and a link 41 pivotally attached to the shaft of the screw 29. Gears 42, 4 fixed to the shafts of screws 28, 29, respectively
3. Common shaft 44a to which the ends of links 40 and 41 are pivotally connected
The shaft 4 is pivotally supported by the gear 42 and the link 41.
A gear 45 that is pivotally supported by 5a and meshes with the gear 43.
The links 40 and 41 rotate around the screws 28 and 29 even while the distance between the axes is changing from l ₁ to l ₂ due to the meshing gears 44 and 45, etc.
In addition, since the links 40 and 41 are pivotally connected by the shaft 44a, the gear train of gears 43, 45, 44, and 42 is maintained in mesh, and the screw 28 continues to be driven and rotated in the opposite direction to the screw 29. It is becoming more and more like this.

As shown in FIG.
When the screws 28 and 29 are caught between the screws 9 and 9, the screws 28 and 29 are subjected to an expanding force that increases the distance between their axes due to the dust 46.

If this expanding force is large, the screw 28,
29 and other parts, which must be prevented.

In order to meet this requirement, the center distance is adjusted as shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b. That is, the distance between the axes is set as a minimum inter-axle distance l ₁ and a maximum inter-axle distance l ₂ using a limit switch (not shown). At this time, the gaps between the screw shafts are S ₁ and S ₂ (for example, about S ₁ = 125 mm and S ₂ = 325 mm), respectively. _S2 shall be a dimension that allows the largest foreign object to be transported to pass through.

The expanding force generated by the debris 46 caught between the screws 28 and 29 is detected as the hydraulic pressure of the cylinders 35 and 36. For example, as will be described later, an allowable enlarging force is set as an allowable value of the enlarging force in a hydraulic circuit.

However, during normal operation, crushing and bag tearing are performed at the minimum distance _l1 between the centers as shown in FIG. 7a. big garbage 4
6 or lump-like incombustible material enters and the expanding force exceeds the allowable expanding force, the distance between the axes (referred to as l) increases, and l ₂ = ≧
Open in the range of l≧ _l1 until the expansion force falls to the allowable expansion force. Screw 2, both while opening and after opening.
8 and 29 continue to rotate in the normal direction, and crushing, bag tearing, and transfer are performed continuously.

If a larger foreign object comes in and the enlarging force still exceeds the allowable enlarging force even if the center distance l is set to l=l ₂ , the screws 28 and 29 are rotated in the opposite direction to feed the foreign object back. It is discharged from the discharge port 18. However, it is desirable to discover and discharge such foreign matter at the time it is put into the hopper 4 in order to prevent contamination of the surrounding area.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a hydraulic circuit for adjusting the distance between the shafts as described above.

To explain the operation, first start the hydraulic pump 47, turn on SOLa ₁ , and turn on both cylinders 36, 3.
5 to move forward. When the distance between the shafts becomes l=l ₁ , a stopper or limit switch (not shown) is used to stop and all solenoids are turned OFF. After that, the motor 34 is started and the screws 28, 29
is rotated to perform crushing, bag tearing, and transfer. During normal operation, the cylinders 36 and 35 are hydraulically locked and the center distance l=l ₁ is maintained.

For example, when small foreign objects such as irons, short pipes, hammers, bullets, small automobile parts, tire fragments, and square timber fragments that can enter the incinerator 6 are caught, an excessive expansion force is generated and the cylinder 36 , 35 at high pressure. The safety valve 48 is variable, for example, about 70 to 140 kgf/cm ² , and is set to a predetermined allowable expansion force (for example, 6 TON with bearing reaction force) by adjusting the pressure. When the expansion force exceeds the allowable expansion force, the safety valve 48 opens and the cylinders 36, 35
is retreated by an equal distance, and the distance between the shafts increases until the expansion force decreases to the allowable expansion force and the oil pressure becomes equal to or less than the set pressure of the safety valve 48, and expansion stops when reaching a certain value. Continue driving like this for several minutes,
After the foreign matter has been transported, normal operation is performed by returning l=l ₁ by the same operation as at the time of startup described above.

If a foreign object of a size that is not allowed to enter the incinerator 6, such as a gas cylinder, motor, manhole cover, etc., comes into the incinerator 6, the distance between the shafts will increase as described above, but when l = l ₂ . If the magnification force still does not fall below the allowable expansion force, the motor 34 is temporarily stopped and reverse rotation is started. After continuing this state for several minutes and discharging the foreign matter from the discharge port 18, the screws 28 and 29 are rotated in the forward direction, and SOLa ₁ is turned ON.
The cylinders 35 and 36 are advanced as l=l ₁
Return to normal operation.

SOLb ₁ is for both cylinder retraction circuits.

If the screws 28, 29 cannot be kept parallel due to oil leakage from the cylinders 36, 35 or other parts, correct it by turning on SOLa ₂ or SOLb ₂ and performing relative movement between the cylinders 36, 35. do.

Synchronized cylinders may be used for simultaneous operation of cylinders 36 and 35.

In addition to garbage, the present invention can be used to handle anything that is mostly solid and contains at least a portion of solids contained in bags, and can be used as a broken bag supply device.

In addition, it can also be used as a rough crushing and feeding device even in the case of loose solids that do not contain bags for the most part.

In the embodiment described above, by moving the movable wall 50, it is possible to prevent objects to be handled from entering between the screw 28 and the conveyor case 27, and to allow smooth movement and operation of the screw 28.

The movement of the screw 28 and the movement of the movable wall 50 may be performed together by being connected by another mechanism,
Alternatively, they may be driven by separate drive mechanisms so that they move together. Also, both screws 28, 29
may be movable.

The exhaust mechanism includes a screw 2 provided at the upper end of the movable wall 50 in FIG.
It consists of an exhaust box 55 with an exhaust hole 53 and an inspection hole 54 provided in a part of the conveyor case 27 separated from the conveyor case 27, and the combustion exhaust gas duct 11 is connected to the ceiling of the exhaust box 55 through a filter 56. A connection nozzle 57 is provided in the. However, this point may be connected to other than the exhaust gas duct 11 as described later. The filter 56 is structured so that it can be easily pulled out and cleaned by opening the inspection hole 54.

Here, the range of the distance D does not need to be uniform over the entire length of the moving wall 50, and it is effective if the area in contact with the waste exhibiting a sealing effect is particularly widened.
Specifically, points A to B in FIG. 2 are desirable, but even a play between the guide portion 49 and the movable wall 50 to prevent galling is effective. The filter 56 may be omitted if the conveyance of the dust supply device 5 that may be sucked in from the gap D poses no problem for the exhaust line, and in that case, the inspection hole 54 and the exhaust box 55 are also unnecessary.

The conveyance force in the direction of rotation of the screw 28 and the blades 30 is applied to the conveyed material in the dust supply device 5 near the gap D, but since the transfer force is in the direction of taking it out from the gap D, it is less likely to clog. Even if it gets caught, it will be naturally removed by being wiped off by other conveyed items.

The position of the exhaust hole 53 is determined by the guide part 49 for the movable wall.
Since there is a space for the movement of the screw 28 over the entire length of the movable wall 50, this serves as a kind of duct, so there are few restrictions on position.

The discharge port 18 of unsuitable materials in the dust supply device 5 is designed to be openable and closed as shown in Fig. 2, except when the discharge operation is performed by reversing the screw, so as not to unnecessarily draw in outside air from here and weaken the exhaust effect from the exhaust hole 53. It is desirable to close the lid 58 to keep it airtight.

Here, in order to prevent the combustion exhaust gas that flows back into the pit chamber 25 when the inside of the furnace becomes positive pressure, the contents in the hopper 4 or the dust supply device 5 should be evenly sucked into the exhaust hole 53 from between the holes. It is desirable that the distance to the surface of the contents in the hopper 4 is at least a certain level, and the seal between the inside of the incinerator 6 and the pit chamber 25 in the hopper 4 and the dust supply device 5 is designed to prevent the contents therein. Since the work is carried out using materials, especially the contents swallowed and compressed between the screws 28 and 29 of the dust supply device 5, it is desirable to perform the work on the side of the pit chamber 25 rather than the screws 28 and 29. Also, it can be said that it is preferable to exhaust the air from the space D.

The gas exhausted from the connection nozzle 57 of the dust supply device 5 is passed through a filter if necessary, and then blown into the incinerator 6 as combustion air, from the viewpoint of odor control and treatment of mixed combustion exhaust gas. convenient. Therefore, it is also possible to connect the connection nozzle 57 to the intake line of the forced air blower 7, but since this exhaust may contain mist components from the contents and combustion exhaust gas, it is possible to connect the connection nozzle 57 to the intake line of the forced air blower 7. It is preferable that the air be blown into the freeboard portion of the incinerator 6 or the burner nozzle as secondary air.

In this manner, the present invention suctions and processes the gas from the space D on the upper part of the moving wall 50 accompanied by the screw 28 to the space between the contents of the hopper 4 or the dust supply device 5.

Therefore, even if the internal pressure in the furnace becomes slightly positive and the combustion exhaust gas in the furnace flows backwards between the contents in the dust supply device 5 or the hopper 4, the effect will be reduced after passing through the screw section where the passing pressure loss is large. Therefore, the backflow gas is exhausted from the dust supply device 5 and does not reach the pit chamber 25. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to operate the furnace at a small negative pressure, reducing the air volume and wind pressure of the induced fan 20, and further reducing the capacity of the drive motor of the induced fan 20 and reducing power consumption. This made it possible to reduce equipment operating costs.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, even if a hole is provided in the hopper 4 for purposes such as measurement, the internal pressure of the hopper 4 is reliably maintained at a negative pressure, so leakage of gas etc. from the hopper is reliably suppressed, and the It also has the effect of preventing dirt and bad odors from forming on the machine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a garbage incinerator, Fig. 2 is a drawing of an embodiment of the dust supply device of the present invention, and is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2. , Figure 4 is the left side view of Figure 2, Figures 5 and 6 are the left side view of Figure 2, respectively.
A partial right side view of the figure, FIGS. 7a and 7b are sectional views taken along line BB in FIG. 2, and FIG. 8 is a control circuit diagram showing an embodiment for operating the dust supply device of the present invention. . 1... Pit, 2... Crane, 3... Bucket, 4... Hopper, 5... Dust supply device, 6... Incinerator, 7... Forced blower, 8... Dispersion plate, 9...
Inclined wall, 10... swirling flow, 11, 11'... combustion exhaust gas duct, 12... incombustible material discharge device, 13...
...Vibration sieve, 14...Conveyor, 15...Elevator, 16...Garbage inlet, 17...Garbage outlet,
18...Discharge port, 19...Return chute, 20...
... induced blower, 21 ... gas cooling room, 22 ... electric dust collector, 23 ... air preheater, 24 ... chimney,
25... pit chamber, 26... damper, 27... conveyor case, 28... screw, 29... screw, 30, 31... blade, 32, 33...
Bearing, 34...Motor, 34'...Shaft coupling, 35,
36...Cylinder, 37...Guide rail, 3
8, 39... Moving bearing, 40, 41... Link,
42, 43, 44, 45...gear, 46...garbage, 47...hydraulic pump, 48...safety valve, 49
... Guide part, 50 ... Moving wall, 51 ... Projection piece, 52 ... Long hole, 53 ... Exhaust hole, 54 ... Inspection hole, 55 ... Exhaust box, 56 ... Filter, 5
7... Connection nozzle, 58... Lid.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Two screws are rotatably held horizontally and parallel to each other in a conveyor case, and a portion of the conveyor case beside at least one screw is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw. The waste incinerator is a waste incinerator, which is a moving wall that moves with the screw of books, has an exhaust hole in the space inside the conveyor case separated from the screw by the moving wall, and has a waste storage hopper above the screw. Dust supply device.