JPS6354149B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a rotating piston positive displacement fluid device;
In particular, it relates to a fluid device that takes in atmospheric air and is used at an exhaust pressure in the range of 1.3 to 2 atmospheres, and is most suitable for, for example, a supercharger for an internal combustion engine.

Among conventional fluid devices, air compressors are represented by speed type compressors, whose main purpose is to increase the air flow rate by rotating fan blades at relatively high rotational speeds, and piston type or rotary vane type. There are two types of compressors: positive displacement compressors, whose main purpose is to obtain a large amount of pressure by trapping a certain amount of air in a cylinder and then discharging it against the pressure on the discharge side. Either type of compressor was used. Here, speed type compressors or blowers have the advantages and disadvantages of being able to obtain a high flow rate but not high pressure, and positive displacement compressors allowing high pressure but not a large flow rate.
In conventional air compressor or blower application products,
It was sufficient to use either the velocity type or the volumetric type. However, in recent years, superchargers, which greatly increase the output of existing internal combustion engines by supercharging the intake air, have been developed to take in atmospheric air and increase the pressure to an intermediate pressure of about 0.5 atmospheres, while still reducing the flow rate. There is a growing demand for compressors or blowers having characteristics intermediate between velocity type and positive displacement type, which require a medium flow rate of about 5 to 10 m ³ /min.

In the case of a supercharger, if its size and weight are too large compared to the internal combustion engine itself, there is no benefit, especially when it is used in automobiles, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, etc., which are powered by the main shaft of the internal combustion engine. The equipment must be installed in such a way that it fits within the engine room of the existing machine and does not affect other functions. Traditionally, Saginaw-type or Roots-type fluidic devices have been used for such applications, but they are mostly applied to stationary devices and are not suitable for portable devices or automobiles due to their size and weight. It was hot. Particularly when mounted on a car, it is desirable to have a small shape in the lateral direction, although it may be somewhat long in the length direction.

In addition, in the case of a supercharger that obtains driving power from the main shaft of the engine using a power transmission device such as a gear or a belt, the increase in engine output obtained by supercharging is due to the power required to drive the supercharger. However, it is difficult to obtain a supercharger that pumps air with high volumetric efficiency over a wide rotation speed range and has high total pressure efficiency, so it is difficult to obtain a supercharger that has a small net power increase. This has the drawback of requiring large costs and space.

Furthermore, it is desirable for automotive supercharging equipment to be able to add a supercharging/non-supercharging switching device that can perform supercharging only when a supercharger is needed, but conventional mechanisms do not allow switching from non-supercharging to supercharging. Since a large peak torque is required at the time of switching, smooth switching cannot be performed.

A swiveling cylindrical piston type positive displacement fluid device is one that can eliminate such defects and is particularly suitable for automotive superchargers. This rotating piston type fluid device includes a cylindrical casing constituting a housing, a fixed cylindrical member disposed in the center of the casing and having a cylindrical surface concentric with the inner wall surface of the casing, and a fixed cylindrical member arranged between the casing and the fixed cylindrical member. a vertical partition plate arranged to extend in the axial direction between;
A rotating cylindrical member disposed in an annular space formed between the casing and the fixed cylindrical member and forming a slot for passing through the partition plate in the radial direction; and a rotating cylindrical member extending into the center of the housing for driving the rotating cylindrical member. - It has a rotation prevention mechanism that prevents rotation of the supported main shaft and rotating cylindrical member, but since the fixed cylindrical member used in this positive displacement fluid device is fixed to the casing via a partition plate, When the reaction force of the compressed gas is applied, the rotating cylindrical member is displaced in the radial direction or axial direction, and the inner wall of the rotating cylindrical member and the fixed cylindrical member sometimes come into contact with each other. Therefore, the fixed cylindrical member was supported by the crankshaft via a bearing, but even with this method, the number of bearings increased and the shape became complicated. It has two drawbacks: it is difficult to align the centers of the two.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks by integrating a fixed cylindrical member and a crankshaft, and to provide a rotating piston type positive displacement fluid device having a simple structure and high reliability.

The present invention will be described below with reference to drawings showing embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a positive displacement fluid device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the same, in which the fluid device includes a cylindrical casing 1 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. , has a housing 100 consisting of a front end plate 8 installed at one end and a rear end plate 7 installed at the other end.

The front end plate 8 has a through hole 10 through which the main shaft portion 56 of the crankshaft 6 is inserted.
1, and a circular recess into which the front shaft bearing 11 is inserted is provided on the back side of the through hole 101.

The rear end plate 7 is provided with a circular recess into which the rear shaft bearing 13 is inserted and a recess into which the boss of the swivel cylindrical member 2 moves.

The casing 1 has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape,
As described above, the front end plate 8 and the rear end plate 7 are joined by fitting into both openings, and fixed by housing fixing bolts 16. The casing 1 has a fluid suction hole 451 and a fluid discharge hole 461 in its upper part.
1. A plane part is provided for fitting with an external system connected to the suction hole 451. Furthermore, a plurality of screw holes are provided in this upper flat part, and the partition plate 4 is fixed to the casing 1.

The crankshaft 5 consists of a main shaft part 56, a front crank part 53, a stationary cylindrical member 55 having a balance hole 51, and a rear crank part 54, and the main shaft part 56 and the end part are connected to the front end plate 8 and the rear end plate 7, respectively. It is rotatably supported in the center by a front shaft bearing 11 and a rear shaft bearing 13.
Although the crankshaft 5 is formed integrally in the illustrated example, for example, the balance hole 51
A stationary cylindrical member 55 may be provided separately.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 3, the crankshaft 5
To reduce the weight of the crankshaft 5, a stationary cylinder 3 made of a light metal such as aluminum is fastened to a balance weight 52 by bolts 155, and end plates 3 are attached to the front and rear end surfaces of the cylinder to prevent leakage.
There is also a method of fitting 1 with a bolt 255.

The front end plate 8 also has a sleeve 57 extending forward so as to surround the main shaft 56. The sleeve 81 is the front end plate 8
Although not shown, an electromagnetic clutch is provided via a bearing. (The electromagnetic clutch is equipped with a pulley, and the rotation is transmitted from an external drive source, such as an engine, by a transmission means such as a belt, and this rotational force is transmitted to the main shaft part 56 in an intermittent manner.The electromagnetic clutch is absolutely necessary. (For example, a pulley may be directly attached to the main shaft portion 56 instead of the means.) Inside the housing 100, in addition to the crankshaft 5, there are a rotating cylindrical member 2, a partition plate 4, and a rotation prevention mechanism 6.
11 are provided.

The rotating cylindrical member 2 is composed of a rotating cylinder 61, a side plate 6, a front drive bearing 12, and a rear drive bearing 14.

The rotating cylinder 61 is a hollow cylinder having a slot (straight notch) 63 through which the partition plate 4 passes, and has a bottom or side surface 64 only on the side facing the front end plate 8, and the other side is open. It has a hole.

The front drive bearing 12 is fitted into the opening at the center of the side surface portion 64, and the side surface portion 64 has a position corresponding to the slot (notch portion) 63.
4 is provided with an eyebrow-shaped notch 62 having an eyebrow-shaped shape with semicircular arcs facing each other.

The side plate 6 is fitted into the open end of the rotating cylinder 61 and fixed by means such as screws.

The side plate 6 has almost the same shape as the side part 64, and the rear drive bearing 14 is fitted into the opening in the center, and a cocoon-shaped notch 60 having the same shape as the cocoon-shaped notch 62 of the side part 64 is provided. is provided and fixed to the rotating cylinder 61 by a bolt 601.

The partition plate 4 has a discharge port 46, a suction port 45, x
It has partition pieces 43 and 44 to partition the discharge chamber and suction chamber. In addition to the shape shown in FIG. 3, the partition plate 4 may be formed into a flat plate length as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, or may have a recessed portion as shown in FIGS. Also, from the total radial length of the partition plate 4, the x-shaped partition piece 4
The length after subtracting the wall thickness of 3 and 44 is balance hole 5
The total length of the stationary cylindrical member 55 and the hollow part of the rotating cylindrical member 2 correspond to the total length of the stationary cylindrical member 55 and the hollow part of the rotating cylindrical member 2. equal to the wall thickness of

x-shaped partition pieces 43, 44 and eyebrow-shaped notches 60, 6
2 has a geometrical shape such that the rotating cylindrical member 2 contacts (seals) at at least one point at any time during the rotating movement, and the discharged fluid does not flow back to the suction side via the side surface portion 64 and the side plate 6. It looks like it's holding a seal.

There are many other known rotation prevention mechanisms 611, such as a crank coupling using a crank-shaped member, but the example shown is an example using a ball coupling mechanism. The rotation of the rotating cylinder 61 is prevented by the balls 10 sandwiched between a plurality of ball guide circular grooves 65 provided in the side surface 64 of the rotating cylinder 61, and only the revolution movement is performed. Note that if the ball guide circular groove 65 is made of a light alloy material, there is a problem in durability, so in the illustrated example, a ball support metal 9 is inserted into the circular groove 65 to improve durability. Although the rotation prevention mechanism 611 is provided between the front end plate 8 and the side surface portion 64 of the swing cylinder 61 in the illustrated example, it is of course possible to provide it on either one side or both at the same time.

Next, the assembly of the above structure will be described. First, the partition plate 4 is fixed to the casing 1 using bolts 151 and positioning pins 15. Next, the crankshaft 5 including the stationary cylindrical member 55 is connected to the bearing 1
The side plates 6 and the rotating cylinder 61 are inserted into the press-fitted side plates 6 and 12, respectively, and the side plates 6 and the rotating cylinder 6 are inserted at the same time.
After fitting the crank parts 53 and 54 of the crankshaft 5 into the bearings press-fitted into the bearings 1 and fixing the rotating cylinder 61 and the side plate 6, the front end plate 8 is attached to the casing 1 via the balls 10, and the rear end plate 7 is attached to the casing 1 via the balls 10. The casing 1
be fixed to each. Although it is difficult to process the partition plate and the four casings 1, it is possible to integrate the partition plate and the four casings 1 into one piece.

As described above, according to the structure of the present invention, it is possible to provide a rotating cylindrical piston type positive displacement fluid device that has a small number of parts, is easy to assemble, and is highly reliable.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a first embodiment of a rotating cylindrical piston type positive displacement fluid device according to the present invention;
The figure is an exploded perspective view showing the assembled state of each component of the rotating cylindrical piston type positive displacement fluid device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section showing a second embodiment of the rotating cylindrical piston type positive displacement fluid device according to the present invention. 4A and 4B are explanatory views when a flat partition plate is used, and FIGS. 4C and d are explanatory views when a partition plate provided with a recessed portion is used. 1...Casing, 2...Swivel cylindrical member, 3...
... Stationary cylinder, 4 ... Partition plate, 5 ... Crankshaft, 6 ... Side plate, 7 ... Rear end plate, 8 ... Front end plate, 9 ... Ball support metal, 10 ... Ball, 11 ... Front shaft bearing, 12... Front drive bearing, 13... Rear shaft bearing, 14... Rear drive bearing, 15...
...Pin, 16,151,155,255,601
... Bolt, 31 ... End plate, 43, 44 ... Partition piece, 45 ... Suction port, 46 ... Discharge port, 51
...Balance hole, 52 ...Balance weight, 5
3... Front crank part, 54... Rear crank part, 55... Stationary cylindrical member, 56... Main shaft part, 6
0,62...cocoon-shaped notch, 61...swivel cylinder,
63...Slot, 64...Side part, 65...Circular groove, 81...Sleeve, 100...Housing,
101...Through hole, 451...Suction hole, 461...
...Discharge hole, 611...Rotation prevention mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A housing consisting of a cylindrical casing and end plates disposed on both end faces of the casing, a stationary cylindrical member disposed in the center of the casing and having a cylindrical surface concentric with the inner wall surface of the casing, and a partition plate that is fixed and extends in the axial direction between the casing and the stationary cylindrical member; and a partition plate that is disposed within an annular space formed between the casing and the stationary cylindrical member and penetrates the partition plate in the radial direction. a rotating cylindrical member forming a slot and closed at the front and rear, and forming a pair of eccentric crank portions at the front and rear of a crankshaft extending in the center of the housing and supported by bearings at the front and rear ends of the housing; , in a positive displacement fluid device in which the rotating cylindrical member is supported on the eccentric crank portion via a bearing, and the rotating cylindrical member performs a suction and discharge operation of fluid by rotating the rotating cylindrical member, a cylindrical surface concentric with the inner wall surface of the casing A rotating cylindrical piston type positive displacement fluid device, characterized in that a stationary cylindrical member having a structure is integrated with a crankshaft.