JPS6354143B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a propeller-type wind power generator, and particularly to a safety device that drastically reduces the wind turbine output and rotation speed when the wind turbine rotation speed or wind speed exceeds a certain value.

1 to 3 show various safety devices according to the prior art that are provided in propeller-type wind turbines.

First, we will explain what is shown in A and B in FIG. A blade 1 is attached to a rotating shaft 2,
This rotating shaft 2 is supported by a nacelle 3.
A tail fin 4 is attached to the rear of the nacelle 3, and a spring 5 is attached between the support portion of the tail fin 4 and the nacelle 3. Note that 6 indicates the center of gravity of the nacelle, and 7 indicates the center of a pole that rotatably supports the nacelle 3.

When blade 1 receives wind from the direction of code 8,
This blade 1 receives thrust in the direction of the rotating shaft and rotates the rotating shaft 2. As the wind speed or rotational speed increases, the center of gravity 6 of the nacelle 3 and the center of the pole 7 shift, so the nacelle 3 receives a large rotational moment with the center of the pole 7 as a fulcrum and rotates around the center of the pole 7. On the other hand, the tail 4 also begins to rotate together with the nacelle 3, but as the tail 4 increases its inclination, the tail 4 receives rotational moment in the opposite direction to that received by the nacelle 3 due to wind pressure from eight directions. Therefore, the moment on the nacelle 3 side and the moment on the tail 4 side are balanced at an angle of inclination as shown in Figure B by the restraining force of the spring 5, and as a result, the wind turbine rotating surface is inclined with respect to the wind direction. Therefore, the input efficiency of wind energy is reduced, and the output and rotational speed of the wind turbine are reduced, so that safety can be ensured. If the restraining force of the spring 5 is weak, the angle of inclination of the nacelle 3 will become even larger, and the output or rotational speed will further decrease.

Next, what is shown in A and B of FIG. 2 will be explained. The configuration shown in FIG. 2 is almost the same as that shown in FIG. The difference is that the wind shield plate 10 is provided in the direction.

In this example, as the wind speed from the direction 8 increases, the wind shielding plate 10 receives a large wind pressure, causing a rotational moment that rotates the nacelle 3 around the nacelle rotation center 9. Therefore, the rotational moment in the opposite direction that the tail wing 4 receives and the restraining force of the spring 5 are balanced at the inclination angle shown in Figure B. Therefore, similarly to the above example, the wind turbine output and rotation speed are reduced, and the safety of the wind turbine, etc. is ensured.

Conventional safety devices such as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have the following drawbacks. When the wind speed or wind turbine rotational speed increases to a certain degree, the wind turbine rotating surface becomes inclined with respect to the wind direction, and even if the wind speed is still in the effective wind speed range (the wind speed at which the wind turbine can produce sufficient output under that wind speed), the wind turbine rotating surface becomes inclined. This results in output loss. Further, when it is desired to temporarily stop the operation of the wind turbine, or when it is desired to stop it gradually, the above-mentioned safety device alone cannot perform such a function.

Finally, the examples shown in A and B of FIG. 3 will be explained. The blade 1 is attached to a rotating shaft 2, which is supported by a nacelle 3,
This nacelle 3 is rotatably supported by a pole 11. Further, a tail fin 4 is attached to the rear of the nacelle 3, and a wire 12 is connected to this tail fin 4 via a pulley 13.
is adapted to be wound up by a motor 15 in a winding device 14. A contact 16 is attached to this wire 12, and this contact 16 operates a limit switch 17.

In this example, when the wind speed or the number of windmill rotations reaches a certain value, the motor 15 winds up the wire 12 to tilt the tail 4 with respect to the windmill rotation axis 2, thereby tilting the windmill rotation surface with respect to the wind direction. The number of rotations of wind turbines has been reduced to ensure safety.

In the safety device shown in this example, when the wind speed or windmill rotation speed reaches a certain value and the motor 15 starts rotating to wind the wire 12 to a desired length, the wire 12 is loosened and the winding length is relatively long. For these reasons, the winding time is slow and it is difficult to prevent instantaneous increases in wind speed and wind speed rotation speed.
In addition, this increases the operating time of the motor 15 and increases the power required for winding.
Especially when storing the electricity generated by a windmill in a battery and using it in a place without commercial power supply,
The required power consumption of the motor 15 occupies a significant proportion, which is a major drawback in terms of effective utilization of wind power generation. Moreover, if the battery charge amount is not sufficient when winding up the motor 15, there is a possibility that the motor operation may be stopped midway. Furthermore, if the winding distance is long, the wire 12 loses its tension, and as the period of use increases due to the wind pressure applied to the tail fin 4, etc., there is a drawback that the responsiveness and control amount of this safety system decrease.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 3A and B, the winding device 1
4 is installed separately from the wind turbine itself,
In winter use, the winding device 14 is used in addition to the main body.
However, there is a drawback that countermeasures against freezing are also required. Another disadvantage is that the area where the wind turbine is installed must be increased. Furthermore, for the above-mentioned reason, the winding device 14 must be placed near the windmill when automatic winding is used, so if the power is cut off and the motor shaft is manually rotated, the work may be interrupted due to snow accumulation, etc. There are also drawbacks that make it difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above drawbacks, an object of the present invention is to provide a safety device for a wind power generator that fully utilizes the effective wind speed range and has excellent responsiveness.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention is to
A rotating shaft rotatably supported by the nacelle and having fixed blades, a first arm connected to the tail and rotatably provided to the nacelle, and a rotary shaft between the first arm and the nacelle. stretched between
a spring that applies a horizontal biasing force to the first arm; and a spring that is rotatably attached to the nacelle and engages the first arm, and that rotates the arm against the biasing force of the spring. a second arm that holds the tail blade in a predetermined position and maintains the tail blade in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; When the second arm is rotated by the wind force received by the blade,
This is a safety device for a wind power generator, characterized in that it has a wind power transmission mechanism that releases the engagement between the arm and the first arm.

A second aspect of the present invention is a first arm that is connected to the tail and rotatably provided on the nacelle; and a first arm that is stretched between the first arm and the nacelle; A spring that applies a horizontal biasing force to the arm; and a spring that is rotatably attached to the nacelle and engages the first arm, and the first arm is moved to a predetermined position against the biasing force of the spring. a second arm for holding in position and maintaining said tail in the axial direction of the axis of rotation of the blade; a winding wire connected at one end to said second arm and at the other end to a winding drum; When the number of rotations or the wind speed exceeds a predetermined value, the winding drum is driven, the second arm is rotated via the winding wire, and the second arm and the first arm are connected. This is a safety device for a wind power generator, characterized by having a motor that releases engagement.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 4A to 4C are explanatory diagrams showing one embodiment of the safety device for the wind power generator according to the present invention. However, similar or identical components to those in A and B in FIG. 1 are indicated using the same reference numerals.

The blade 1 is attached to a rotating shaft 2, which is supported by a moving nacelle 18. The movable nacelle 18 is built into the fixed nacelle 19 and can be moved inside.
As will be described later, it serves as a wind force transmission mechanism for tilting the tail 4. At the rear of the movable nacelle 18, an arm 21 serving as a second arm, which rotates about a fulcrum 20 and has L-shaped ends, is arranged. The other end is engaged with one end of an arm 23, which is a first arm that rotates about a fulcrum 22. A spring 24 connected to the wall surface of the fixed nacelle 19 is connected to this arm 23, and is pulled in the direction of the arrow. Furthermore, the other end of this arm 23 is connected to the tail 4 and rotates together. In addition, a spring 25 is installed at the lower part of the rear surface of the movable nacelle 18.
movement in the direction of the arrow is suppressed.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. When the wind speed or rotation speed exceeds a certain value, blade 1
The wind pressure applied to the rotating surface increases, and the force due to this wind pressure is transmitted to the movable nacelle 18 via the rotating shaft 2, and the movable nacelle 18 moves in the fixed nacelle 19 toward the tail wing against the pressing force of the spring 25. do.
Therefore, the arm 21 in contact with the rear part of the movable nacelle 18 rotates in the direction of the arrow and disengages from the other end of the arm 23. Then, the arm 23 is pulled by the spring 24 and instantly rotates in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and at the same time, the tail 4 also rotates in the direction of the arrow in the figure, resulting in the state shown in C in Figure 4. . When the tail blade 4 tilts with respect to the rotation axis 2, the tail blade 4 receives wind pressure and tilts the rotating surface of the wind turbine from the wind direction, so that the wind turbine output and the wind turbine rotation speed become almost zero.
Safety can be ensured. In addition, the mobile nacelle 18
If the rotation of the wind turbine or the wind speed decreases during the movement of the movable nacelle, the spring 25 allows the movable nacelle to return to its original state.

According to this embodiment, the opening timing of the arm 23 is finely adjusted by adjusting the pressing force of the spring 25 based on the force in the direction of the tail of the movable nacelle 18 that is received when the wind speed or rotational speed exceeds a certain value. This allows the safety device to be activated only when the wind speed is out of the effective wind speed range and the wind turbine is in a dangerous state, making full use of the effective wind speed range and preventing output loss. effective. In addition, once the tail 4 is tilted and stabilized, the spring 24 keeps the tail 4 always tilted, so no matter how the wind speed increases, the wind turbine rotation will not increase, and the wind turbine will not rotate. This has the effect of keeping the operation in a stopped state. Therefore, it is perfectly safe to leave it unattended.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments of the safety device for the wind power generator according to the present invention. However, similar or identical components to those in A and B in FIG. 2 are indicated using the same reference numerals.

The rotating shaft 2 to which the blade 1 is attached is connected to the input side of a speed increaser 26 provided within the nacelle 3. The rotating shaft on the output side of the speed increaser 26 is connected to a worm gear 28 via a clutch 27. Further, this worm gear 28 is connected to a DC motor 29. This worm gear 2
8 is meshed with a gear 30. These speed increaser 26, clutch 27, worm gear 28, and gear 30 constitute a wind power transmission mechanism for tilting the tail 4. Then, the gear 30 has a second
A protrusion as an arm is formed, and an arm 32, which is a first arm that rotates about a fulcrum 31, is engaged with this protrusion. This arm 32 is pulled in the direction of the arrow by a spring 33. Further, the arm 32 is connected to the tail 4 and rotates together.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. When the windmill rotational speed reaches a certain value, the clutch 27 is engaged and the rotational force of the speed increaser 26 is transmitted to the worm gear 28, which causes the gear 30 to rotate in the direction of the arrow. Then, the protrusion of the gear 30 and the arm 32 are disengaged, and the arm 32 is rapidly rotated in the direction of the arrow by the spring 33.
At the same time, the tail 4 also rotates in the direction of the arrow, causing the tail to tilt all at once, resulting in the state shown in B in FIG. For this reason, the tail blade 4 receives wind pressure and tilts the entire wind turbine with respect to the wind direction 8, thereby reducing the wind turbine output and rotation speed to ensure safety. In addition, an overwind speed signal obtained from a wind speed detection device (not shown) etc. is transmitted to the DC motor 2.
9, the worm gear 28 is rotated by the rotation of this motor, and the same movement as described above is applied to the gear 30, thereby tilting the tail 4 and reducing the wind turbine output and rotation speed.

In this embodiment as well, the number of rotations of the wind turbine when the clutch 27 is connected can be set severely, so that the effective wind speed is fully utilized and the safety device is activated only when the wind speed exceeds this. be. In addition, this device detects the wind turbine rotation speed and wind speed using completely separate systems, and can activate the safety devices separately based on these detected values, which has the effect of significantly improving the reliability of the safety devices. be. Furthermore, in this device as well, once the safety device is activated, it does not return to its original state and the tail 4 remains in an inclined state, which has the effect of maintaining the wind turbine operation in a stopped state.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams showing still another embodiment of the safety device for a wind power generator according to the present invention. However, the same components as those in A and B in FIG. 3 are indicated using the same reference numerals.

Inside the nacelle 3, which supports the rotating shaft 2 to which the blade 1 is attached, is a first
An arm 34 is rotatably supported by a fulcrum 35. A wire 37 whose one end is connected to a spring 36 is connected to this arm 34, and a return wire 38 is also connected. Furthermore, a roller 40 is attached to the tip of this arm 34 to engage with an arm 39 which is a second arm. This arm 39 is rotatably supported by a fulcrum 41, and a spring 42 is attached to the side of the arm. Further, a winding wire 43 is connected to this arm 39.
3 is wound around the output shaft of the motor 44.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. When the wind speed or wind turbine rotation speed reaches a certain value, the motor 44
is activated to take up the winding wire 43 and rotate the winding arm 39 to disengage it from the arm 34. The released arm 34 is instantly rotated by the spring 36 until it hits the stopper 45, and the tail 4 is tilted at nearly 90 degrees with respect to the rotation axis. For this reason, the tail blade 4 receives wind pressure and tilts the wind turbine rotating surface at nearly 90 degrees with respect to the wind direction, thereby maintaining the wind turbine output and the wind turbine rotational speed close to zero to ensure safety. On the other hand, the return wire 38 is manually wound up to return the arm 34 to the arm contact release position. That is, by winding the return wire 38 until the arm 39 hits the stopper 46 by the spring 42, the safety device can be returned to its original state. Furthermore, in this embodiment, by further winding the return wire 38 beyond the return state, the tail 4 can be tilted in a direction opposite to the direction in which the safety device is activated and rotates.

According to this embodiment, since the contact distance between the arms 34 and 39 is short and the winding length of the wire 43 is small, loosening of the wire 43 hardly affects the winding operation. This has the effect of significantly shortening the time required to open the arm 34 and significantly improving the responsiveness of the device. Therefore,
The required motor power required for tilting the tail fin 4 can be extremely reduced. Furthermore, once the tail fin 4 is tilted, the tail fin 4 is in a state of being attracted only by the tension of the spring 36, so fluctuations due to wind pressure on the tail fin 4 are not transmitted to the motor-side winding device, and the wire This has the effect of avoiding damage to the 43. Furthermore, even if the return wire 38 is extended to a sufficiently distant point, it can be wound up while being manually adjusted.
There is no need to go near the windmill to perform winding work, which has the effect of improving work efficiency. Furthermore, since the safety device and the tail tilting device can all be housed within the nacelle 3, there is an effect of making the entire wind turbine more compact.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, by providing a means for instantly tilting the tail blade when the wind speed or wind turbine rotation speed exceeds a certain value, the effective wind speed range can be fully utilized and responsiveness can be improved. It is possible to provide an excellent safety device for wind power generation equipment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

A and B in Fig. 1 are explanatory diagrams showing the safety device of a conventional wind power generator, A and B in Fig. 2 are explanatory diagrams showing the safety device of another conventional wind power generator, and Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the safety device of a conventional wind power generator. A and B are explanatory diagrams showing yet another conventional safety device for a wind power generator; A to C in FIG. 4 are explanatory diagrams showing an embodiment of the safety device for a wind power generator according to the present invention; 5A and B are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments of the safety device for a wind power generator according to the present invention, and A and B in FIG. 6 are explanatory diagrams showing still another embodiment of the safety device for a wind power generator according to the present invention. It is an explanatory diagram showing an example. 1... Blade, 2... Rotating shaft, 3... Nacelle, 4... Tail wing, 18... Moving nacelle, 19...
Fixed nacelle, 21, 22, 32, 34, 39...
Arm, 24, 25, 33, 36, 42... Spring, 26... Speed increaser, 27... Clutch, 2
8...Worm gear, 29...DC motor, 30
... Gear, 37 ... Wire, 38 ... Return wire, 43 ... Winding wire, 44 ... Motor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating shaft rotatably supported by the nacelle and having a fixed blade; a first arm connected to the tail and rotatably provided to the nacelle; a spring stretched between the arm and the nacelle and applying a horizontal biasing force to the first arm; a spring rotatably attached to the nacelle and engaged with the first arm; a second arm that holds the arm in a predetermined position against the biasing force of the spring to maintain the tail in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; between the second arm and the rotating shaft; the second blade is provided with
1. A safety device for a wind power generator, comprising: a wind power transmission mechanism that rotates the arm of the arm and releases the engagement between the second arm and the first arm. 2. In the safety device according to claim 1, the wind power transmission mechanism includes a movable nacelle that is disposed within the nacelle and is movable in the axial direction integrally with the rotating shaft, and a movable nacelle that is disposed between the movable nacelle and the nacelle. The second arm is formed into a crank shape, one end of which engages with the first arm, and the other end of which urges the movable nacelle in the direction of the blade. A safety device for a wind power generator, characterized in that the safety device is in contact with an end surface on the tail side of a nacelle. 3. In the safety device according to claim 1; the second arm is a gear having a protrusion that engages with the first arm; the wind power transmission mechanism is a speed increaser provided on the rotating shaft; , a worm that meshes with the gear, and a clutch that is provided between the worm and the speed increaser and connects the two when the wind turbine rotation speed or wind speed exceeds a predetermined value; A safety device for wind power generation equipment. 4. A safety device for a wind power generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: the worm is connected to a motor that is activated by an overwind speed signal. 5 a first arm that is connected to the tail and rotatably provided to the nacelle; and a first arm that is stretched between the first arm and the nacelle and applies a horizontal biasing force to the first arm; a spring that is rotatably attached to the nacelle and engages with the first arm, and holds the first arm in a predetermined position against the biasing force of the spring so as to rotate the tail fin; a second arm that maintains the blade in the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the blade; a winding wire connected at one end to the second arm and connected to the winding drum at the other end; a motor that drives the winding drum, rotates the second arm via the winding wire, and releases the engagement between the second arm and the first arm when the winding wire is exceeded; A safety device for a wind power generator, characterized by having; 6. The safety device according to claim 5, characterized in that the first arm has a return wire that manually rotates the first arm in a direction opposite to the biasing direction of the spring. Safety device for wind power generation equipment. 7. In the safety device according to claim 6; the second arm is returned from the position where the second arm is rotated by the winding wire to the engagement position with the first arm. A safety device for a wind power generator, comprising: a return spring.