JPS6352149B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6352149B2
JPS6352149B2 JP60069980A JP6998085A JPS6352149B2 JP S6352149 B2 JPS6352149 B2 JP S6352149B2 JP 60069980 A JP60069980 A JP 60069980A JP 6998085 A JP6998085 A JP 6998085A JP S6352149 B2 JPS6352149 B2 JP S6352149B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fiber sheet
electret
electrode
producing
volume resistivity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP60069980A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61231270A (en
Inventor
Katsutoshi Ando
Ryoichi Togashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Toray Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Priority to JP6998085A priority Critical patent/JPS61231270A/en
Priority to DE19853586482 priority patent/DE3586482T2/en
Priority to EP19850307665 priority patent/EP0182512B1/en
Publication of JPS61231270A publication Critical patent/JPS61231270A/en
Publication of JPS6352149B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6352149B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、高度の表面電荷密度を有するエレク
トレツト繊維シートの製造法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for producing electret fiber sheets having a high surface charge density.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来、エレクトレツトフイルムの製造法とし
て、特公昭56−47299号公報に記載されているよ
うに、アース電極にフイルムを直接接触させてワ
イヤー電極を用いて該フイルムに印加する方法が
あるが、繊維シートのようにポーラスな構造を有
するものが被処理物の場合には、高圧によつて火
花が放電し、表面電荷密度の高いエレクトレツト
繊維シートにすることができない。また、この火
花放電を防止するために、特公昭49−4433号公報
に記載されているように、繊維シートと誘電体材
料を挟持して印加する方法を適用すると、誘電体
材料によつて注入電荷が阻害され、同様に高度の
表面電荷密度を有するエレクトレツト繊維シート
を得ることができないという問題があつた。
Conventionally, as a method for producing an electret film, there is a method, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-47299, in which the film is brought into direct contact with a ground electrode and an electric current is applied to the film using a wire electrode. If the object to be treated has a porous structure, such as a sheet, sparks will be discharged by the high pressure, making it impossible to form an electret fiber sheet with a high surface charge density. In addition, in order to prevent this spark discharge, if a method is applied in which the fiber sheet and the dielectric material are sandwiched and applied, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-4433, the dielectric material will cause the injection. There was a problem in that the charge was inhibited and it was impossible to obtain an electret fiber sheet having a similarly high surface charge density.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

本発明の目的は、前記公知のエレクトレツト化
方法の欠点である繊維シートのエレクトレツト化
方法、すなわち火花放電によるトラブルがなく、
かつ誘電体材料による注入電荷の阻害を解消した
高度の表面電荷密度を有するエレクトレツト繊維
シートの製造法を提供するにある。
An object of the present invention is to solve the problem of electrifying a fiber sheet, which is a disadvantage of the known electrifying methods, by eliminating troubles caused by spark discharge.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an electret fiber sheet having a high surface charge density that eliminates inhibition of injected charges by a dielectric material.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

このような本発明の目的は、前述した相対する
非接触型印加側電極とアース電極との間に繊維シ
ートを介在させて、前記両電極に通電して該繊維
シートをエレクトレツト化するに際して、該アー
ス電極と繊維シートとの間に体積抵抗率がアース
電極よりも大であり、該繊維シートよりも小であ
る材料を付設し、前記繊維シートをエレクトレツ
ト化することを特徴とするエレクトレツト繊維シ
ートの製造法によつて達成することができる。
Such an object of the present invention is to interpose a fiber sheet between the above-mentioned opposing non-contact application side electrode and the earth electrode, and to electrify the fiber sheet by supplying electricity to both electrodes. An electret characterized in that a material whose volume resistivity is larger than that of the earth electrode and smaller than that of the fiber sheet is provided between the earth electrode and the fiber sheet, and the fiber sheet is made into an electret. This can be achieved by a method for manufacturing a fiber sheet.

以下、本発明の製造法を図面により詳細に説明
する。
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

図は、本発明のエレクトレツト繊維シートの製
造法に使用されるエレクトレツト化装置の一態様
を示す模型式図であり、1は非接触型電極、2は
繊維シート、3は付設材料、4はアース電極を示
す。
The figure is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the electrification apparatus used in the method for producing an electret fiber sheet of the present invention, in which 1 is a non-contact electrode, 2 is a fiber sheet, 3 is an attached material, and 4 indicates a ground electrode.

図に示すように、本発明においては、非接触型
電極1とアース電極4との間に該アース電極4に
接触させて付設材料3を介在させ、該非接触型電
極1によつて高圧印加を行い、繊維シート2をエ
レクトレツト化するものである。
As shown in the figure, in the present invention, an attached material 3 is interposed between the non-contact type electrode 1 and the earth electrode 4 in contact with the earth electrode 4, and high voltage is applied by the non-contact type electrode 1. This process converts the fiber sheet 2 into an electret.

本発明に使用される非接触型電極としては、針
状電極、ワイヤー電極などがあるが、これらの電
極の素材としては体積抵抗率が10-4Ω・cm以下の
導電性の金属が好ましい。また、アース電極につ
いては、特に限定されるものではないが、その素
材は非接触型電極と同様の金属を使用するのがよ
い。
Non-contact electrodes used in the present invention include needle electrodes and wire electrodes, and the material for these electrodes is preferably a conductive metal with a volume resistivity of 10 -4 Ω·cm or less. Further, the ground electrode is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use the same metal as the non-contact type electrode.

本発明においては、前記アース電極に接して体
積抵抗率が該アース電極よりは大きく、繊維シー
トよりは小さい、たとえば体積抵抗率が10-1
1010Ω・cm、好ましくは101〜108Ω・cm、さらに
好ましくは102〜106Ω・cmの素材からなる付設材
料を介在させる点に特徴がある。
In the present invention, the volume resistivity in contact with the earth electrode is higher than that of the earth electrode but lower than that of the fiber sheet, for example, the volume resistivity is 10 -1 ~
It is characterized in that an attached material made of a material having a resistance of 10 10 Ω·cm, preferably 10 1 to 10 8 Ω·cm, and more preferably 10 2 to 10 6 Ω·cm is interposed.

このような体積抵抗率を有する素材としては、
たとえばカーボン粒子や金属粒子を配合した合成
樹脂からなる半導性を有するものおよび上記の体
積抵抗率を満足する有機合成重合体、たとえばポ
リアルキレングリコールとナイロンなどのポリア
ミドとの共重合体を挙げることができる。また、
この付設材料の形態としては、特に限定されない
が、フイルム、シート、板状物など任意の形態を
とることができる。
Materials with such volume resistivity include:
Examples include semiconducting synthetic resins containing carbon particles or metal particles, and organic synthetic polymers that satisfy the above volume resistivity, such as copolymers of polyalkylene glycol and polyamides such as nylon. Can be done. Also,
The form of this attached material is not particularly limited, but it can take any form such as a film, sheet, or plate-like material.

エレクトレツト化されるべき繊維シートとして
は、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなどのポリオ
レフイン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ弗素系樹脂、
ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂などの合成樹脂からなる繊
維状物のほか、ガラスや無機化合物からなる繊維
状物、特に体積抵抗率が1013以上の繊維シートが
好ましく、またその形態としても特に限定される
ものではなく、任意の形態のものが使用される
が、好ましくは柔軟性に富み、取扱いの容易な織
物、編物、紙状物、不織布などの布帛状物がよ
い。これらの布帛状物の片面または一部にフイル
ム化したもの、スポンジ状シート、多孔質発泡体
などを張合わせたものでもよい。
Examples of fiber sheets to be electrified include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyfluorine resins,
In addition to fibrous materials made of synthetic resins such as polyvinyl chloride resins, fibrous materials made of glass or inorganic compounds, especially fiber sheets with a volume resistivity of 10 13 or more are preferred, and their forms are also particularly limited. Although any form of material may be used, it is preferable to use fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, paper-like materials, and non-woven fabrics, which are highly flexible and easy to handle. A film, a sponge-like sheet, a porous foam, or the like may be laminated on one side or a part of these fabrics.

さらに好ましくは、該布帛状物に対する電荷注
入効果も大きくし、表面電荷密度を大きいエレク
トレツト繊維シートを得るためには、目付が80
g/m2以下、見掛密度が0.05〜0.4gcm2のものがよ
い(見掛密度計算時の厚み測定の荷重は50g/cm2
である。) この表面電荷密度は静電誘導原理に基づいて測
定される値である。
More preferably, in order to increase the charge injection effect to the fabric and obtain an electret fiber sheet with a high surface charge density, the fabric weight is 80.
g/m 2 or less with an apparent density of 0.05 to 0.4 gcm 2 (the load for thickness measurement when calculating the apparent density is 50 g/cm 2
It is. ) This surface charge density is a value measured based on the electrostatic induction principle.

次にエレクトレツト化の条件としては、印加側
電界強度を5KV/cm以上、好ましくは8KV/cm
以上、また、印加電極の極性は正負いずれでもよ
く、あるいは負極性でシート表面に印加した後に
正極性で繊維シート裏面に印加することでもでき
る。また、逆の場合も可能である。このように負
正または正負の逐次印加は、特に表面電荷密度を
上げて効果的であるが、前者の負正の方が効果が
大きい。さらにまた、非接触型印加電極と繊維シ
ートとの間隙を少なくとも5mm以上とするのがよ
い。印加側電界強度が5KV/cmよりも低くなる
と表面電荷密度を上げることが困難になるし、非
接触型印加側電極と繊維シートとの間隙が5mmよ
り小さくなると火花放電を生じ易くなり同様に表
面電荷密度が上がらない。
Next, as a condition for electrification, the electric field strength on the applied side should be 5KV/cm or more, preferably 8KV/cm.
As described above, the polarity of the application electrode may be either positive or negative, or it is also possible to apply negative polarity to the front surface of the sheet and then apply positive polarity to the back surface of the fiber sheet. The reverse case is also possible. In this way, sequential application of negative and positive or positive and negative is particularly effective in increasing the surface charge density, but the former negative and positive is more effective. Furthermore, it is preferable that the gap between the non-contact type application electrode and the fiber sheet be at least 5 mm or more. When the electric field strength on the application side is lower than 5 KV/cm, it becomes difficult to increase the surface charge density, and when the gap between the non-contact type application side electrode and the fiber sheet is smaller than 5 mm, spark discharge is likely to occur, and the surface Charge density does not increase.

また、印加温度は、繊維シートのガラス転移点
以上とするのがよく、印加温度が低くなると表面
電荷密度を大きくし難くなる。
Further, the applied temperature is preferably set to be equal to or higher than the glass transition point of the fiber sheet, and as the applied temperature becomes lower, it becomes difficult to increase the surface charge density.

本発明の方法によつて得られるエレクトレツト
化繊維シートは、表面電荷密度および分極電荷の
活性化エネルギーが大きく、トラツプ電荷も深い
から、長期間に亘つて安定した電荷を保有する。
The electrified fiber sheet obtained by the method of the present invention has a large surface charge density, a large activation energy of polarization charges, and a deep trap charge, so that it retains a stable charge for a long period of time.

以下、実施例により本発明の効果をさらに具体
的に説明する。
Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

実施例 1 目付が20g/m2、見掛密度が0.129g/cm3、体積
抵抗率が1016Ω・cmのポリプロピレン繊維不織布
を繊維シートとして使用し、第1図に示す装置を
用いてエレクトレツト化した。
Example 1 A polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 20 g/m 2 , an apparent density of 0.129 g/cm 3 , and a volume resistivity of 10 16 Ω·cm was used as a fiber sheet, and was electrolyzed using the apparatus shown in FIG. It was made into a list.

非接触型印加電極として体積抵抗率10-6Ω・cm
の鉄材の針状電極を1本使用し、20cm角の鉄板を
アース電極とし、針状電極とアース電極の上に、
付設材料としてカーボン粒子を配合したポリ塩化
ビニルからなる厚さが0.5mm、20cm角の体積抵抗
率が104Ω・cmの半導性を有するシートを設置し
た。また、針状電極と繊維シートとの間隙は約29
mmとした。この半導性のシートの上に前記繊維シ
ートを載置し、25℃の雰囲気中、印加電圧−
30KV、〔すなわち電界強度で10KV/cm)30秒間
の処理を施した。
Volume resistivity 10 -6 Ω・cm as a non-contact application electrode
Use one needle-shaped electrode made of iron material, use a 20cm square iron plate as the ground electrode, and place it on top of the needle-shaped electrode and the ground electrode.
As an additional material, a semiconducting sheet made of polyvinyl chloride mixed with carbon particles and having a thickness of 0.5 mm and a volume resistivity of 10 4 Ω·cm, measuring 20 cm square, was installed. Also, the gap between the needle electrode and the fiber sheet is approximately 29
mm. The fiber sheet was placed on top of this semiconductive sheet, and an applied voltage of -
Treatment was carried out at 30 KV (ie, electric field strength of 10 KV/cm) for 30 seconds.

得られたエレクトレツト繊維シートの表面電荷
密度は、表面側が+7.5×10-10クーロン/cm2、裏
面側が−8.5×10-10クーロン/cm2であつた。
The surface charge density of the obtained electret fiber sheet was +7.5×10 −10 coulombs/cm 2 on the front side and −8.5×10 −10 coulombs/cm 2 on the back side.

実施例 2 目付40g/m2、見掛密度0.13g/cm3のポリプロピ
レン繊維不織布を使用し、実施例1に準じてエレ
クトレツト化した。
Example 2 A polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 40 g/m 2 and an apparent density of 0.13 g/cm 3 was used to produce an electret according to Example 1.

ただし、付設材料として体積抵抗率が106Ω・
cmの金属粉を混合したポリエチレンからなる厚さ
が100μmのフイルムを使用し、印加電界強度を−
12KV/cmで印加後、さらに+5KV/cmで印加を
施した。得られたエレクトレツト繊維シートの表
面電荷密度は表面側が+6.8×10-10クーロン/
cm2、裏面が−7.5×クーロン/cm2であつた。
However, the attached material has a volume resistivity of 10 6 Ω・
A 100 μm thick film made of polyethylene mixed with cm of metal powder was used, and the applied electric field strength was -
After applying the voltage at 12KV/cm, an additional voltage of +5KV/cm was applied. The surface charge density of the obtained electret fiber sheet was +6.8×10 -10 coulombs/
cm 2 , and the back surface was −7.5×coulombs/cm 2 .

比較例 1 実施例2において、付設材料を使用することな
く、同一の条件下に印加処理して、繊維シートを
エレクトレツト化したところ、得られた繊維シー
トの表面電荷密度は表面側が+1.5×10-10クーロ
ン/cm2、裏面側が−2.0×クーロン/cm2であつた。
Comparative Example 1 In Example 2, a fiber sheet was made into an electret by application treatment under the same conditions without using any additional materials, and the surface charge density of the obtained fiber sheet was +1.5 on the surface side. ×10 −10 coulombs/cm 2 , and -2.0 × coulombs/cm 2 on the back side.

比較例 2 実施例2において、付設材料として体積抵抗率
が1018Ω、cm、厚さが0.3mmの四弗化ポリエチレ
ンシートを載置して同様にエレクトレツト化し
た。その結果、得られた繊維シートの表面電荷密
度は、表面側が−1.8×10-18クーロン/cm2、裏面
側が+1.2×クーロン/cm2であつた。
Comparative Example 2 In Example 2, a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet having a volume resistivity of 10 18 Ω, cm and a thickness of 0.3 mm was placed as an additional material, and electretization was performed in the same manner. As a result, the surface charge density of the obtained fiber sheet was -1.8 x 10 -18 coulombs/cm 2 on the front side and +1.2 x coulombs/cm 2 on the back side.

実施例 3 実施例1において、針状電極に替えてタングス
テンワイヤ1本をアース電極に平行に設置して、
同一の条件でエレクトレツト化した。ただし、放
電電流は0.35mAとした。
Example 3 In Example 1, one tungsten wire was installed parallel to the ground electrode instead of the needle electrode,
It was electrified under the same conditions. However, the discharge current was 0.35 mA.

得られたエレクトレツト化繊維シートの表面電
荷密度は表面側が+7.0×10-10クーロン/cm2、裏
面側が7.5×クーロン/cm2であつた。
The surface charge density of the obtained electrified fiber sheet was +7.0×10 −10 coulombs/cm 2 on the front side and 7.5×coulombs/cm 2 on the back side.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は本発明のエレクトレツト繊維シートの製造
法に使用されるエレクトレツト化装置の一例を示
す模式図である。 1…非接触型電極、2…繊維シート、3…付設
材料、4…アース電極。
The figure is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electrification apparatus used in the method for producing an electret fiber sheet of the present invention. 1...Non-contact electrode, 2...Fiber sheet, 3...Additional material, 4...Earth electrode.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 相対する非接触型印加側電極とアース電極と
の間に繊維シートを介在させて、前記両電極に通
電して該繊維シートをエレクトレツト化するに際
して該アース電極と繊維シートとの間に体積抵抗
率がアース電極よりも大であり、該繊維シートよ
りも小である材料を付設し、前記繊維シートをエ
レクトレツト化することを特徴とするエレクトレ
ツト繊維シートの製造法。 2 特許請求の範囲第1項において、付設材料の
体積抵抗率が10-1〜1010Ω・cmの範囲内であるエ
レクトレツト繊維シートの製造法。 3 特許請求の範囲第1〜2項のいずれか1項に
おいて、印加電界強度が少なくとも5KV/cmで
あるエレクトレツト繊維シートの製造法。 4 特許請求の範囲第1〜3項のいずれか1項に
おいて、非接触型印加側電極と繊維シートとの間
隙が少なくとも5mmであるエレクトレツト繊維シ
ートの製造法。 5 特許請求の範囲第1〜4項のいずれか1項に
おいて、印加雰囲気温度が繊維シートを構成する
ポリマのガラス転移点以上であるエレクトレツト
繊維シートの製造法。 6 特許請求の範囲第1〜5項のいずれか1項に
おいて、繊維シートの目付が80g/m2以下、見掛
密度が0.05〜0.4g/cm3の範囲内であるエレクトレ
ツト繊維シートの製造法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A fiber sheet is interposed between a non-contact application side electrode and a ground electrode that face each other, and when the fiber sheet is electrified by applying current to both electrodes, the ground electrode and the fiber A method for producing an electret fiber sheet, comprising: attaching a material having a volume resistivity larger than that of a ground electrode and smaller than that of the fiber sheet between the sheet and converting the fiber sheet into an electret. . 2. The method for producing an electret fiber sheet according to claim 1, wherein the volume resistivity of the attached material is within the range of 10 -1 to 10 10 Ω·cm. 3. A method for producing an electret fiber sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the applied electric field strength is at least 5 KV/cm. 4. The method for producing an electret fiber sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gap between the non-contact application side electrode and the fiber sheet is at least 5 mm. 5. The method for producing an electret fiber sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the applied atmospheric temperature is equal to or higher than the glass transition point of the polymer constituting the fiber sheet. 6. The production of an electret fiber sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fiber sheet has a basis weight of 80 g/m 2 or less and an apparent density of 0.05 to 0.4 g/cm 3 Law.
JP6998085A 1984-10-24 1985-04-04 Production of electret fiber sheet Granted JPS61231270A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6998085A JPS61231270A (en) 1985-04-04 1985-04-04 Production of electret fiber sheet
DE19853586482 DE3586482T2 (en) 1984-10-24 1985-10-24 ELECTRIC FIBER FILM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF.
EP19850307665 EP0182512B1 (en) 1984-10-24 1985-10-24 Electret fiber sheet and method of producing same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6998085A JPS61231270A (en) 1985-04-04 1985-04-04 Production of electret fiber sheet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61231270A JPS61231270A (en) 1986-10-15
JPS6352149B2 true JPS6352149B2 (en) 1988-10-18

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ID=13418317

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JP6998085A Granted JPS61231270A (en) 1984-10-24 1985-04-04 Production of electret fiber sheet

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JP (1) JPS61231270A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06104952B2 (en) * 1988-05-24 1994-12-21 東レ株式会社 Electret fiber and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3571679A (en) * 1968-10-14 1971-03-23 Tno Device for forming electrets
JPS4914312A (en) * 1972-05-22 1974-02-07
JPS526998A (en) * 1975-07-07 1977-01-19 Aiwa Co Ltd Electrolytic film manufacture method
JPS5340073A (en) * 1976-09-25 1978-04-12 Nitta Belt Kk Method of formation of electlet pole using porous sheet
JPS57101073A (en) * 1980-12-10 1982-06-23 Duskin Franchise Co Production of electoret fiber like molded structure
US4375718A (en) * 1981-03-12 1983-03-08 Surgikos, Inc. Method of making fibrous electrets
JPS5915167A (en) * 1982-07-13 1984-01-26 丸五株式会社 Assembling of reinforcing cage for concrete pillar

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3571679A (en) * 1968-10-14 1971-03-23 Tno Device for forming electrets
JPS4914312A (en) * 1972-05-22 1974-02-07
JPS526998A (en) * 1975-07-07 1977-01-19 Aiwa Co Ltd Electrolytic film manufacture method
JPS5340073A (en) * 1976-09-25 1978-04-12 Nitta Belt Kk Method of formation of electlet pole using porous sheet
JPS57101073A (en) * 1980-12-10 1982-06-23 Duskin Franchise Co Production of electoret fiber like molded structure
US4375718A (en) * 1981-03-12 1983-03-08 Surgikos, Inc. Method of making fibrous electrets
JPS5915167A (en) * 1982-07-13 1984-01-26 丸五株式会社 Assembling of reinforcing cage for concrete pillar

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