JPS6350514B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an overexcavation measurement system, and in particular,
The present invention relates to an overexcavation measurement system that can determine the amount of overexcavation on the inner wall surface actually excavated with respect to the designed cross section of a tunnel.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, in tunnel excavation work, etc., a method is adopted in which a blast hole is drilled in the face using a drilling machine, the drilled hole is charged with dynamite, etc., and the rock is crushed by blasting. However, in this case,
Excess excavation occurs when excavation exceeds the designed cross section.

The amount of over-drilling varies depending on the location of the blast hole and the condition of the rock mass, but until now there has been no suitable measurement system that can easily measure it in a short time.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

During excavation, if the drilling pattern is not appropriate, the amount of over-excavation tends to become large, and if this over-excavation becomes larger than the designed cross section of the tunnel, the amount of concrete used increases, which becomes a problem. In addition, when trying to reduce the amount of excess excavation, parts of the rock protrude beyond the designed cross section, which requires a lot of effort to correct. It is quite difficult to set a drilling pattern that minimizes over-excavation and enables fracture of the required cross section. In order to set such an appropriate drilling pattern, it is essential to understand the amount of excess excavation for each blast, and the development of a measurement system for this purpose has been desired.

[Purpose of the invention]

This invention solves the problems of the prior art, and uses a drilling device to easily and inexpensively measure the designed cross section of a tunnel without the need for a special measuring device. You can know the amount of excess excavation for the inner wall surface that was actually excavated,
The object of the present invention is to provide an over-excavation measurement system that can correct the drilling pattern so as to reduce the amount of over-excavation.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve such an objective, the present invention positions a drilling machine on the actual inner wall surface excavated with respect to the inner wall surface corresponding to the designed cross section of the tunnel, reads the coordinates, The state of over-excavation is known by calculating the amount of deviation with respect to the designed cross section, and the method is to use a drilling machine supported on a trolley via a boom, an X of this drilling machine,
A drilling device having a position detection device that generates information for calculating the movement position in the Y and Z directions with respect to a reference position of the truck, a processing device that receives information from the position detection device, and a memory; a device for centering the drilling device; the processing device calculates the position of the drilling device on the tunnel cross section when the drilling device is centered; When the tip of the drilling machine is in contact with the excavated inner wall surface, the position of the tip of the drilling machine in contact is calculated based on the information of the position detection device and the calculation information of the position set by the drilling machine. By doing so, the condition of the excavated inner wall surface can be measured.

[Effect]

In this way, information about the position when the tip of the drilling machine comes into contact with the excavated inner wall surface is obtained from the information of the position detection device, and the position coordinate is determined from the relationship with the set position of the drilling machine. Since the condition of the inner wall surface can be measured by calculating , the amount of excess excavation can be known.

Therefore, by correcting the drilling position on the next face face to an appropriate drilling pattern and drilling, the amount of over-excavation can be controlled, so even if the quality of the rock changes, the appropriate cross-section can be excavated. It becomes possible to carry out staking.

As a result, it is possible to set the amount of concrete to be used on the inner wall of the tunnel to an appropriate value.

〔Example〕

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the processing of the control unit to which the overexcavation measurement system, which is an embodiment of the present invention, is applied, and FIG.
The figure is a block diagram of the control unit, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of its measurement state, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the positioning state of the drilling device, and Figure 5 is a tunnel diagram in automatic measurement. An explanatory diagram of the cross section, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a storage table in the memory in the case of automatic measurement. In addition, in each of these figures, the same parts are indicated by the same symbols.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes this control unit, which includes a processing device 11, an input device 12, a memory 13,
A drilling machine 16, a positioning mechanism 14 for the drilling machine 16 and its position detection device 15, and an external storage device 1 consisting of a cassette tape storage device and the like.
It consists of 7 mag.

Here, the processing device 11 has a microprocessor, an interface, etc., and the input device 1
2 is arranged on the operation panel and includes a keyboard having various keys and a coder. Also,
The memory 13 stores coordinate data corresponding to the inner wall surface corresponding to the designed cross section of the tunnel.

On the other hand, the positioning operation mechanism 14 operates according to the detection signal from the position detection device 15 and the target position information, and positions the drilling machine 16 at a coordinate position corresponding to the target position information. That is, this includes the boom 6, guide shell 5, and drilling machine 16 shown in FIG.
The boom 6, the guide shell 5, etc. are set at predetermined angles, and the moving mechanism of the drilling machine 16 is set at a predetermined angle. position, and the drilling machine 16 is positioned at a predetermined coordinate position viewed from the coordinate reference position of the face surface at a predetermined angle.

Here, the positioning actuation mechanism 14 includes a comparator, a
It is equipped with a cylinder device, a hydraulic solenoid valve, a valve drive circuit, etc. to control the same, and a comparator compares the current position with the target position obtained from the processing device 11, and outputs the difference signal obtained as a result. A valve drive circuit is supplied to actuate the cylinder arrangement via the hydraulic solenoid valve to position the drilling machine 16 at the target position. The current position information given to the comparators is given from the position detection device 15, and the target position information is received from the processing device 11 as a command signal. When the positioning of each drilling machine 16 is completed, the positioning operation mechanism 14
sends a positioning completion signal to the control device 11, respectively.

The position detection device 15 detects the current angle and position of the drilling machine 16.
6, a rotary encoder disposed on movable parts such as a guide shell 5, a boom 6, and a truck 7, and a conversion circuit that decodes an information signal from the rotary encoder and converts it into a predetermined digital value. The processing device 1 outputs information corresponding to the angle information of the guide shell 5 and the boom 6 configured and set at a predetermined angle, and the distance of advance and retreat of the drilling machine 16.
1 and the positioning actuation mechanism 14. In addition,
In this case, for the positioning actuation mechanism 14, the output signal of the conversion circuit is applied to its comparator and treated as an information signal indicating the current position.

Now, the processing device 11 reads data from the position detection device 15 in response to an input signal indicating a reading command from the input device 12, and stores the coordinate position of the drilling machine 16 in the memory 13 from the data.

In this case, the coordinate data corresponds to the face 9 of the tunnel 1 shown in FIG.
The coordinate positions taken in the X direction (horizontal direction; The address is stored as a sequentially digitized numerical value.

Next, to explain the operation, as shown in Fig. 4, the laser device 3 placed at the rear of the tunnel 1
generates a light ray 4 and strikes the face 9 of the drilling device 1.
It is used to center the coordinate reference position with respect to.

That is, for centering, the boom 6 of the drilling device 2 is controlled to align the beam 4 with the first and second targets 8a and 8b provided on the guide shell 5 that supports the drilling machine 16. , by calculating backward from the amount of movement of the boom 6 at that time, read the origin position O of the drilling coordinates, which coincides with the center of the tunnel 1 and is set corresponding to the front of the face 9, and at the same time, The coordinate positions Xo and Yo of the axis center of the truck 7 are calculated with respect to the set drilling coordinates, and the origin position O and the axis center coordinate positions Xo and Yo are respectively stored in predetermined storage areas of the memory 13.

Then, the predetermined drilling pattern P shown in FIG.
A hole is drilled in the face surface 9 corresponding to the hole drilling device 2.
The driller retreats, charges the drilled hole, blasts it, and excavates a predetermined amount.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the drilling device 2 moves forward in that step, moves the truck 7 to the face surface 9, and installs it at a predetermined position facing the face surface 9. Then, in step, the centering is performed again.

Next, in step, a value in the Z direction, which is the drilling direction, is input from the input device 12, and the drilling machine 16 is set at a certain distance, for example, 1 m, from the reference position of the cart 7 in the drilling direction. A control signal is sent from the processing device to the positioning actuating mechanism 14 so that the tip side of the drilling machine 16 is always located at a position of 1 m with respect to the drilling direction.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, in a step, the drilling machine 16 is manually moved in the X and Y directions so as to come into contact with the inner wall surface of the excavated tunnel 1. Then, when the coordinate reading key is pressed from the input device 12 in step, the processing device 11 reads the values of the coordinate information X, Y, and Z at that time as data from the position detection device 15, and stores it in the memory 13. do.

Then, in a step, it is determined whether or not the measurement has been completed, for example, by using an end key or the number of measurements, and the process is repeated from step to step until the measurement is completed, and the process is executed.

In this way, the coordinates of necessary points are read at approximately predetermined intervals on the inner wall surface of the excavated tunnel 1, or depending on the state of the unevenness, and the over-excavation measurement in a certain drilling direction is completed. Then, the Z-direction value is updated and similar additional excavation measurements are repeated up to the vicinity of the face surface 9.

Next, when a key for calculating the extra excavation distance is inputted from the input device 12, the processing device 11 receives this and inputs the design cross-sectional pattern S shown in FIG. (Refer to the dotted line), read out the coordinate value of the point on the designed cross-sectional pattern that is closest to the measurement point, calculate the distance between this and the coordinate of the measurement point, and calculate the amount of excess excavation. The data is stored in the memory 13 corresponding to the measurement point in each step.

The measured coordinate values and excess excavation amount data obtained in this way are
The information is stored in a storage device 17 such as an external storage device such as a cassette tape, processed by the computer installed in the drilling device 2 or another computer, and displayed on a display or plotted on an XY plotter. .

Based on the results, the drilling pattern P for drilling the face 9 is modified, and the drilling position is changed in a direction that reduces the amount of over-excavation.

As a result, the tunnel can be excavated in a shape close to the designed cross section with less excess excavation, and the amount of concrete to be poured into the excavated inner wall surface 1a can be reduced.

Incidentally, in the above description, the hole drilling machine 16 is positioned manually, but this can be done automatically according to a predetermined overexcavation measurement pattern.

FIG. 6 shows the state of the storage table in the memory 13 that stores the over-excavation measurement pattern in this case.

Next, to explain this automatic processing, according to the over-excavation measurement pattern number input from the input device 12, for example, the memory 13 is accessed, predetermined over-excavation measurement pattern information T is read out, and arithmetic processing etc. The result is sent as a command signal to the positioning actuating mechanism 14, and the drilling machine 16 is first set to T ₁ among the predetermined measurement positions T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ ..., Tn, and the positioning is performed. After receiving the completion signal, a command signal is sent to move the moving mechanism of the drilling machine 16 forward or backward, thereby moving the drilling machine 16 forward. Then, the forward distance of the drilling machine 16 is received from the actuating mechanism 14, and the drilling machine is advanced until it comes into contact with the excavated inner wall surface, and the distance information obtained from the overexcavation measurement pattern is determined based on the contact The amount of deviation in the distance of the drilling machine 16 detected in this state is sequentially calculated for the over-excavation measurement number position and stored in the memory 13.

Here, the memory 13 stores coordinate positions taken in the X direction (horizontal direction;
6 drilling direction Z, advancing and retreating distance L of the drilling machine 16,
With the over-excavation measurement angle Θ as one unit, these are stored as digitized numerical values in a predetermined location of the storage table 21 shown in FIG. 6 in correspondence with the over-excavation measurement number. Furthermore, such over-drilling measurement number strings are stored with specific address areas allocated to each in correspondence with the over-drilling measurement pattern.

Therefore, by inputting the over-excavation measurement pattern from the input device 12, it can be searched.

Note that this over-excavation measurement pattern T is taken at a predetermined interval in front of the designed cross-section of the tunnel as shown in Figure 5, and is based on the designed cross-sectional shape. They differ depending on the situation.

First, the first byte is memory location 22.
is a flag bit indicating whether over-drilling measurement has been completed (when the first bit is 0, measurement has not been completed; when the first bit is 1, it indicates that drilling has been completed). ) and extra digging measurement number (remaining,
7 bits). This over-excavation measurement number may be omitted by using the address of this memory 13 as is, as long as it is stored in the order of the over-excavation measurement numbers. The storage position 23 of the second byte is the storage position of the X coordinate, and the storage position 23 of the third byte
4 is the storage position of the Y coordinate. In addition, 25 in the fourth byte indicates the over-excavation measurement angle Θ, and the fifth byte
The storage position 26 of the 6th byte indicates the set distance L of the drilling machine 16, and the 6th byte 27 is a position where the value of over-excavation from the design cross section is stored.

Here, the (X, Y) coordinates of the over-excavation measurement pattern are set at a position a distance L inside from the design cross section. The position moved by this L becomes the 0 point position of the amount of excess digging, and the longitudinal distance from there is calculated as the amount of excess digging.

Next, a measurement operation according to the over-excavation measurement pattern will be explained.

First, when the over-excavation measurement pattern number and the Z-direction value of the drilling device 2 are input, the processing device 11 that has received these information stores the Z-direction value in a predetermined position in the memory 13 and calculates the over-excavation measurement pattern number. The corresponding storage area of the memory 13 is accessed based on the depth measurement pattern number. In the accessed area, there is a storage table 21 of the corresponding over-excavation measurement pattern shown in FIG.
is stored, and the data of the first extra-excavation measurement number is read out first.

Here, the processing device 11 is the first one of the drilling machine 16.
The storage location 22 is accessed to find the th over-excavation measurement number T ₁ (No. 1), and the corresponding storage locations 23, 24, and 25 are read there. these are,
These are the X and Y coordinate information and the drilling angle Θ. These X,
The Y coordinate information, the drilling angle Θ, and the previously stored value in the Z direction are sent to the positioning actuation mechanism 14, and the positioning actuation mechanism 14 moves the drilling machine 16 to a predetermined position corresponding to the over-excavation measurement number _T1 . Position at the additional excavation measurement position.

The processing device 11 then operates the positioning actuation mechanism 1
4 by controlling the movement mechanism for the drilling machine 16,
It is driven in the direction of contacting the inner wall surface 1a of the tunnel 1, and the amount of movement at that time is read from the position detection device 15, and the value and data L are obtained from the storage position 26 of the over-excavation measurement number _T1 in the storage table 21. Read out,
The difference value is used as the excess digging amount, and the next storage position 27 is
is stored in the first column 27a.

Then, update the extra excavation measurement number, position it as No. 2, and perform the same measurement.

The over-excavation measurement is executed by performing such measurements for each number of the over-excavation measurement pattern.

Next, update the value in the Z direction and store it in the memory 13.
The data L is sequentially stored in predetermined positions, and the same process is performed to similarly read the data L from the storage position 26 of the over-excavation measurement number in the storage table 21, and the difference value is used as the over-excavation amount. It is stored in the next column 27b of the next storage location 27.

In this way, the over-excavation measurement data is sequentially stored in the divided columns of the storage position 27 corresponding to the Z direction.

The data thus stored is used as data for correcting the position of the next drilling pattern, similar to the previous embodiment.

In this example, data on the amount of excess excavation is automatically obtained, but as in the manual example, the coordinates are automatically read and compared with the design cross-sectional coordinate information from that data. Then, similar data regarding the amount of excess excavation may be obtained.

Furthermore, in these cases, the amount of excess excavation is calculated from the design cross section, but this only calculates the measured data of the inner wall surface, and based on that data, the amount of excess excavation is calculated using a separate calculator, etc. It may be calculated by hand calculation etc.

In the example, the reference position coordinates of the drilling device are calculated from the center of the tunnel, and the coordinates of the position of the contact point as seen from the center of the tunnel are obtained as a reference to calculate the amount of over-excavation. The amount is not limited to calculation using such coordinates, but the contact point can be calculated from the information of the detection device when the boom is moved and the drilling machine comes into contact with the excavated inner wall surface. As long as it is calculated based on the relationship between the position and the reference position of the drilling device, it does not matter how the coordinates are taken.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As can be understood from the above description, the present invention calculates a drilling machine supported by a truck via a boom and the moving position of this drilling machine in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the reference position of the truck. A drilling device having a position detection device that generates information for the drilling, a processing device that receives information from the position detection device, and a memory, and a device for centering the drilling device, the processing device calculates the position of the drilling device on the tunnel cross section when the drilling device is centered, and calculates the position where the drilling device is set on the tunnel cross section when the tip of the drilling device is brought into contact with the excavated inner wall surface. The condition of the excavated inner wall surface is measured by calculating the position of the drilling machine in contact based on the information of the position detection device and the calculation information of the position where the drilling device is set. Therefore, when the drilling machine comes into contact with the excavated inner wall surface, information about the position of the contact point can be obtained from the information of the position detection device, and the relationship between the drilling machine and the set position can be obtained. By calculating its position from , the amount of excess excavation can be determined.

By using the drilling device in this way,
The amount of over-excavation can be measured cheaply and easily without the need for special measuring equipment, so as a result, the drilling pattern can be corrected to an appropriate one, and the quality of the rock etc. can be changed by controlling the amount of over-excavation. This also makes it possible to perform appropriate excavation, making it possible to set the amount of concrete to be used for the inner walls of the tunnel to an appropriate value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the processing of the control unit to which the overexcavation measurement system, which is an embodiment of the present invention, is applied, and FIG.
The figure is a block diagram of the control unit, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of its measurement state, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the positioning state of the drilling device, and Figure 5 is a tunnel diagram in automatic measurement. An explanatory diagram of the cross section, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a storage table in the memory in the case of automatic measurement. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Tunnel, 2...Drilling device, 3...Laser generator, 4...Light beam, 5, 16...Drilling machine, 6...Boom, 7...Dolly, 8a, 8b...Target, 9...
Face surface, 10...control unit, 11...processing device, 12...
Input device, 13... Memory, 14... Actuation mechanism, 15
...Position detecting device, 16...Drilling machine, 17...External storage device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Generating information for calculating a drilling machine supported on a truck via a boom and the movement position of this drilling machine in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to a reference position of the truck. a drilling device having a position detecting device for detecting a position, a processing device for receiving the information from the position detecting device, and a memory; and a device for centering the drilling device; Calculating the position where the drilling device is set on the tunnel cross section when the device is centered, and detecting the position when the tip of the drilling device is brought into contact with the excavated inner wall surface. The state of the excavated inner wall surface is measured by calculating the position of the tip of the drilling machine in the contacting state based on the information of the device and the calculation information of the position where the drilling device is set. Features over-excavation measurement system. 2 The memory stores positioning information for a plurality of measurement points taken at predetermined intervals according to the inner wall surface corresponding to the designed cross section of the tunnel, and the processing device Calculate the position at which the drilling device is set on the tunnel cross section when the device is centered, read out the corresponding positioning information stored in the memory corresponding to a predetermined measurement position, and drill there. Position the drilling machine, control the movement of the drilling machine until the tip comes into contact with the inner wall surface, and collect information on the designed cross-sectional shape and calculated information on the position where the drilling machine is set. 2. The over-excavation measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the distance deviation amount with respect to the designed cross-sectional shape is calculated for the measurement point based on the calculated cross-sectional shape and stored in the memory.