JPS634989Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Purpose of the invention) "Field of industrial application" This invention relates to a blood leak monitoring device in hemodialysis.

``Prior Art'' Generally, the measurement of ultraviolet excess is carried out by manipulating the piping on the dialysate side. Specifically, the dialysis waste fluid from the dialyzer is divided into two channels, the waste fluid from one of them is equalized with the dialysate supplied to the dialyzer using a dual pump or balance chamber, and the remaining fluid from the other channel is equalized by a dual pump or balance chamber. How to measure the waste liquid as ultrafiltration amount,
A method is used in which the supply of dialysate to the dialyzer is cut off for a certain period of time, and during that period, the amount of ultrafiltration that moves from the blood side in the dialyzer to the dialysate side through the membrane is measured.

On the other hand, a blood leak detection section is also generally provided in the dialysis waste fluid flow path from the dialyzer.

Blood leakage during hemodialysis is a serious problem that can affect the life of a dialysis patient, and various blood leakage monitoring methods have been devised, and various devices ranging from visual inspection to optical detection methods are currently in use. It is extremely inconvenient to visually monitor blood leakage that occurs at any time, so there is a demand for a device that can continuously and automatically monitor blood leakage using sensors that can detect chemical and physical changes that occur when blood leaks. is strong. The most popular type of automatic blood leakage monitoring device is an optical system that utilizes the absorption of light of a specific wavelength by blood. However, these conventional devices have problems such as contamination of the observation window of the detection unit by dialysis waste fluid, external noise from the power line, etc., and malfunction due to the passage of air bubbles, and even if a blood leak detector is provided, it is not used and relies on visual inspection. The reality is that it is true.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" The problems to be solved by this invention are malfunctions caused by dirt, external noise, air bubbles, etc. in the detection section of the conventional blood leakage monitoring device.

(Structure of the invention) ``Means for solving the problem'' In this invention, an optical blood leakage detection element is integrated into the ultra-excess measurement tank in dialysis, and the measurement of the stored fluid by the ultra-overflow measurement tank is made easier. Blood leakage monitoring is performed in synchronization with this every time, and the observation window of the detection section is easy to clean, and a relatively large amount of waste liquid is measured.

First of all, in a system that measures the amount of ultrafiltration by manipulating the piping on the dialysate side, we focused on the fact that the ultrafiltrate measuring tank and the detection part of the blood leakage detection device are both provided on the dialysate side. The external filtration rate measurement tank and the detection section of the blood leakage detection device are integrated.

Next, the blood leakage phenomenon in hemodialysis occurs when the membrane of the dialyzer is damaged and blood leaks from the blood side to the dialysate side. Once the membrane is damaged, the membrane cannot be repaired, so blood leakage continues. In other words, this blood leakage phenomenon does not occur instantaneously or continuously, and the amount of blood leaking is minute immediately after the occurrence of blood leakage, so even if it is discovered a minute or two later, there is no problem. do not have. Therefore, blood leakage monitoring may be performed intermittently.
On the other hand, conventional blood leakage monitoring devices that operate continuously at all times have a problem in that they tend to malfunction due to external noise from power lines and the like.

Based on the above considerations, this second proposal is to synchronize blood leakage monitoring with the measurement of ultrafiltration rate and perform it intermittently.

Furthermore, in conventional blood leakage detection devices that insert a general flow-type blood leakage detection part into a closed system flow path, as mentioned above, there is a fatal problem of malfunction due to air bubbles or dirt in the tank. Therefore, in this invention, as a third invention, a top cover is provided on the top of the ultrafiltration rate measurement tank that is integrated with the blood leakage detection part to facilitate cleaning, and an opening is provided in that area to remove air bubbles. ing.

``Operation'' and ``Example'' Next, the operation of the blood leak detection device of this invention will be specifically explained based on an example.

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of the ultra-excess measurement system, where 1 is 2.
A continuous metering pump supplies a fixed amount of dialysate to the dialyzer 2, and discharges the same amount of waste liquid out of the system. The ultraviolet excess added to the dialysate from the blood guided to the dialyzer 2 by the blood pump 7 in the dialyzer is:
It overflows from the trap 3 and is stored in the measuring tank 8 of the ultraviolet amount measuring section 4. When the liquid level in this measurement tank reaches a certain value, the liquid level detection elements 9 and 9' detect this, and the control section 5 is activated to close the solenoid valve 10 and open the solenoid valve 11, allowing one measurement. end. After that, the timer 21 for solenoid valve return is activated, and the solenoid valves 10, 1
1 returns to its original state. Based on the results obtained in this way, the control unit 5 can adjust the blood side pressure via the pressure regulator 6 to adjust the ultraviolet amount. Second
The figure is a structural diagram of the detection section of the blood leakage monitoring device of this invention in which blood leakage detection elements 12, 12' are incorporated in the measurement tank 8. In FIG. 2, 13 and 14 are inflow and outflow ports for the ultrafluid from the dialyzer, respectively, and 15 is an opening provided in the upper lid. Third
The figure is an electric circuit diagram for explaining the operation of the blood leakage detection device.

In the embodiment, an infrared light emitting element 9 and an infrared light receiving element 9' are used in combination as the liquid level detection element.
When liquid accumulates in the ultra-excess measurement tank and the liquid level reaches the level of the beam between the liquid level detection elements, this is sensed and the liquid level detection circuit 16 is activated. Then, the electromagnetic valve 10 on the liquid inflow side is closed and the electromagnetic valve 11 on the discharge side is opened via the electromagnetic valve control circuit 22 in response to an electric signal from the liquid level detection circuit 16 to release the stored liquid in the tank. On the other hand, the blood leakage detection element includes a special light emitting element 12 and its light receiving element 1, which have a light emission peak in the absorption wavelength range of blood, which are commonly used in the past.
2' is used in combination. This blood leakage detection element is kept in an active state at all times to ensure the safety of the light source, and the signal from this element is applied to the blood leakage detection circuit 18. However, blood leakage is actually detected only after the amount of liquid in the measurement tank reaches a certain level, the liquid level detection element detects this, the liquid level detection circuit 16 is activated, and the discharge of the stored liquid begins. , until the liquid level reaches slightly above the blood leak detection element, and this time is set by the timer 17. That is, the blood leakage detection circuit 18 and the alarm mechanism 20 are connected through the timer contact 19, and a blood leakage monitoring system is entered. When the timer setting time elapses, the contact opens and alarm mechanism 2 is activated.
0 is disconnected and the monitoring state is released. This operation is repeated during dialysis, and blood leakage is monitored intermittently.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ultra-limit measuring tank 8 has a top lid with a removable opening 15.

(Effects of the invention) (1) When detecting blood leakage, dirt on the detection part is a major cause of malfunction, but by integrating the ultrafiltration rate measurement tank and the blood leakage detection part, it is possible to eliminate dirt in the measurement tank. Detection is performed using the output signal of the liquid level detection element for measuring the filtration rate, and by controlling the comparison voltage of the blood leakage detection circuit with that signal, blood leakage can always be detected with a constant sensitivity, preventing malfunctions due to dirt on the detection unit. It becomes possible to prevent

(2) By performing blood leakage monitoring intermittently in synchronization with the measurement of ultrafiltration rate, malfunctions of the blood leakage detection device that occur when external noise is superimposed on the blood leakage detection signal, which is normally a minute signal, can be significantly reduced. can be reduced.

(3) By integrating the ultrafiltration rate measurement tank and the blood leakage detection unit, the device becomes smaller, and the tank is easier to clean, which saves time compared to the case where they are not integrated.

(4) An atmosphere release port was created on the upper lid of the tank that integrated the ultrafiltration rate measurement tank and the blood leak detection unit, and the detection unit was installed in a tank with a larger capacity than the piping section where the detection unit of the conventional device was installed. By providing this, air bubbles in the dialysis waste liquid can be easily removed and malfunctions due to air bubbles can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ultraviolet excess measuring device, FIG. 2 is a structure of a detection section in a blood leakage monitoring device of this invention, and FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram. 1...Dual metering pump, 2...Dylyzer, 8...
...ultimate excess measurement tank, 9,9'...liquid level detection element,
10, 11... Solenoid valve, 12, 12'... Blood leak detection element, 16... Liquid level detection circuit, 17... Timer, 18... Blood leak detection circuit, 19... Timer contact, 20... Alarm Mechanism, 22... Solenoid valve control circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A measurement tank installed in the dialysate flow path to store dialysis waste fluid equivalent to the amount of ultrafiltration during hemodialysis, and a liquid installed in this measurement tank to detect the liquid level when a predetermined amount of dialysis waste fluid has been stored. a surface detection element; a liquid level detection circuit that is connected to the liquid level detection element and receives the signal and outputs a liquid level detection signal every time a predetermined amount of dialysis waste is stored; and a liquid level detection circuit that is connected to the liquid level detection circuit; a control unit that performs control to discharge the predetermined amount of the stored liquid each time it receives the liquid level detection signal and then start storing it anew, and calculates the amount of ultrafiltration based on the number of outputs of the liquid level detection signal; The upper wall part of the measurement tank of the ultrafiltration rate measuring device provided with the apparatus has a removable lid structure with an opening, and blood in the dialysis waste liquid is detected below the part where the liquid level detection element is provided. A blood leakage detection circuit that is provided with an optical blood leakage detection element, is connected to the blood leakage detection element, determines the presence or absence of blood leakage based on a signal from the blood leakage detection element, and outputs a blood leakage detection signal; an alarm mechanism that issues an alarm when the blood leakage detection signal is given, and a blood leakage detection element that is activated in response to the liquid level detection signal and causes the liquid level of the stored liquid to be released and lowered under the control of the control unit. A blood leakage monitoring device is implemented by attaching a timer circuit to the ultrafiltration amount measuring device and providing an output signal from the blood leakage detection circuit to an alarm mechanism only for a predetermined period of time until the ultrafiltration rate measuring device reaches the installation position. A blood leak monitoring device for hemodialysis, characterized in that: