JPS6347516A - Friction reducing method by rolling element and continuously arranged rolling element used for application of said method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a sliding friction power loss as well as friction sound by alternately arranging a number of rolling elements and intermediate rolling elements having a smaller diameter than said rolling elements in between a fixed side raceway track groove provided on a fixed side machine element and a movable side raceway track groove provided on a movable side machine element. CONSTITUTION:When a movable side machine element is moved in the direction of the arrow 2b with respect to a fixed side machine element, each of rolling elements 3 placed in between a fixed side raceway track groove 1a and a movable side raceway track groove 2a, bears and supports parts of vertical load applied to them as shown by the arrows P, P.... And, the rolling elements 3 which are brought into rolling contact with both raceway track grooves are moved in between both raceway track grooves while rotating on their own axes in the direction of the arrows 3a. Since the interval between both raceway track grooves is held by the diameters of the rolling elements 3, clearances (c) are formed in between the intermediate rolling elements 4 having smaller diameters than those of the rolling elements 3 and the both raceway track grooves. Each of the intermediate rolling elements 4 which does not bear and support the vertical load is smoothly brought into rolling contact with adjacent rolling elements 3 at their contacting sites while being idly rotated in the direction of the arrow 4a. Thereby, frictional force as well as friction sound can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for reducing friction using rolling elements made of balls or rollers between a pair of fixed (I!1) elements and a movable side element, and a friction reducing means used to carry out the method. The specific scope of the friction reduction means used for this purpose is to reduce friction between the inner ring and outer ring of a bearing that forms a rotating pair, and the male thread and thread of a screw that forms a screw pair, as well as the sliding It consists of balls or rollers arranged between the fixed side raceway groove provided on each fixed side element and the movable side raceway groove provided on the movable side element, including the rail and slider of a pair of linear motion bearings. The present invention relates to a method for reducing friction using rolling elements consisting of rolling elements, and a friction reducing means used to implement the method.As a more specific technical scope, the fixed side raceway groove and the movable side raceway groove are respectively used in bearings. are the inner ring raceway groove and the outer ring raceway groove; for ball screws, they are the male thread raceway groove and female thread raceway groove; for linear motion shafts, they are the rail side raceway groove and the slider side raceway groove; The above-mentioned rolling elements made of steel balls or rollers are arranged in a continuous manner without gaps between the grooves, and in the raceway groove on the female thread side or the raceway groove on slide II!++, open communication is provided near both ends of each raceway groove. The present invention is applied to a structure in which steel balls are circulated through a pole tube.

In the conventional friction reduction method using rolling elements, as a specific example of a bearing in which a pair of a fixed side element and a movable side element rotates and forms a pair, a rolling element is held between the inner ring and outer ring of a general rolling bearing. When placed in a container, adjacent rolling elements do not come into direct contact, and the inner ring, rolling element, and outer ring are in almost rolling contact, but the rolling elements and cage are in sliding contact. Since the contact area is indeterminate and the contact is unstable, it causes sliding friction power loss and friction noise.In addition, in a rolling bearing called a fully spherical shape in which the rolling elements are arranged in a connected manner without using a cage, adjacent The rolling elements roll in contact with the inner and outer ring raceways, each bearing the radial bearing load while directly contacting each other and rotating in the same direction, so the contact points of adjacent rolling elements should slide in opposite directions. The sliding R friction force loss and rR friction are large and inhibit the mutual rotation of adjacent rolling elements, creating an unstable state.As a result, the revolution of the rolling elements at full rotation of the inner and outer raceway is also inhibited, making it unstable. This has the disadvantage that rolling friction power loss and radius friction also increase.
The above-mentioned ball screw is a specific example of a screw in which the fixed side element and the movable side element form a screw pair, and there is also a specific example of a screw in which the fixed side element and the movable side element form a sliding pair. An example of this is the linear motion bearing described above, in which a large number of rolling elements are arranged in a continuous manner without gaps between the fixed side raceway groove and the movable side raceway groove. When the rolling elements rotate in the same direction while sharing the load from each part, the contact points of the adjacent rolling elements slide in opposite directions. The mutual rotation of the rolling elements is inhibited, resulting in an unstable state.As a result, the movement of the rolling elements along the screw raceway groove of a ball screw or the raceway groove of a linear motion bearing is also inhibited, resulting in an unstable state, resulting in rolling friction power loss and There is a drawback that the q-rubbing also increases.

The object of the present invention is to include the conventional rolling bearings, ball screws, and linear motion bearings as described above, and to provide a structure between the fixed side raceway groove and the movable side raceway groove in a pair of a fixed side element and a movable side element, respectively. In a friction reduction method that consists of arranging a large number of rolling elements, the rolling elements that share the load from the outer rail between the fixed side raceway groove and the movable side raceway groove are fixed while maintaining their rotation in a smooth and stable state. It reduces the rolling friction power loss and friction noise between the side raceway groove and the movable side raceway groove and the rolling element, and also minimizes the number of moving contacts between the mechanical components and reduces the load on the sliding contact position. Friction reduction method using improved rolling elements to eliminate division of labor and reduce sliding frictional power loss and frictional noise; and friction reduction method using conventional rolling elements by improving connected arrangement rolling elements as a friction reduction means used to implement the method. The aim is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks in.

In this invention, in a pair of a fixed side element and a movable side element,
A large number of rolling elements and intermediate rolling elements having a smaller diameter than the rolling elements are arranged alternately between the fixed side raceway groove provided on the fixed side element and the movable side raceway groove provided on the movable (1116 element). The load between the pairs is shared and supported by the rolling elements that rotate on their own with rolling contact between the raceway grooves on both the fixed side and the movable side, without sharing it with the intermediate rolling elements, and the load between the adjacent rolling elements and the intermediate rolling elements is The intermediate rolling element rolls freely in rolling contact with the rolling element, promotes the rotation of the adjacent rolling element, reduces the rolling friction force, and connects the intermediate rolling element to either of the raceway grooves on the fixed side or the movable side. The present invention relates to a friction reduction method using rolling elements, characterized in that the sliding friction force is reduced by eliminating the sharing of the load in the sliding contact value of the fixed side element and the movable side element. A large number of rolling elements and intermediate rolling elements having a smaller diameter than the rolling elements are alternately arranged between the inner ring raceway groove and the outer ring raceway groove provided in the inner ring and outer ring of the bearing forming the rotating pair. An articulated array of rolling elements used to implement the friction reduction method using the arrayed rolling elements.

A large number of rolling elements are connected to the male and female threaded raceway grooves provided on the male and female threads of the ball screw, respectively, where the pair of the fixed side element and the movable side element form a screw pair. The connected rolling elements used to implement the friction reduction method using the rolling elements, which are formed by alternately arranging intermediate rolling elements having a diameter smaller than that of the moving element, and the pair of the fixed side element and the movable side element slide. A large number of rolling elements and intermediate rolling elements having a smaller diameter than the rolling elements are arranged alternately between the rail side raceway groove and the slider side raceway groove provided on the rail and slider of the pair of linear motion bearings. A connected array of rolling elements used to carry out the friction reduction method using the rolling elements arranged in an array, and a large number of rolling elements having a smaller diameter and hollow shape than the rolling elements between the fixed side raceway groove and the movable side raceway groove. The present invention relates to a continuous arrangement of rolling elements used to carry out the friction reduction method using rolling elements, which is formed by alternately arranging hollow intermediate rolling elements.

This invention's rolling element friction reduction method will be explained with reference to the drawings. In Figures 1 and 2, (+) is the fixed side element, (la) is the fixed side raceway groove, and (2) is the movable side element. ,(2
a) is a raceway groove on the movable side, (3), (3), ... is a large number of rolling elements, which are a raceway groove on the fixed side (1a) and a raceway groove on the movable side (
2a) are arranged in rolling contact with each other, and (4)
, (4), , , are a large number of intermediate rolling elements, each having a diameter smaller than that of the rolling element (3), and arranged alternately with the same rolling element.

In this invention, with such a configuration, when the movable side machine b element moves in the direction of the arrow (4=h) with respect to the fixed side element, the rolling elements (3) are in contact with the fixed side raceway groove (1a). The vertical load placed between the fixed side element 1a and the movable side element by being sandwiched between the movable side raceway groove (2a) is shared and supported as shown by the arrows (P), (P),... Rolling into contact with the raceway groove (
3a) It rotates in the direction of the arrow while moving on both raceways, and the gap between both raceway grooves is supported by the diameter of the rolling elements, so a gap (c) is created between the intermediate rolling element (4) and both raceways. , the intermediate rolling element smoothly rolls into contact with the adjacent rolling element at the contact position without sharing the vertical load (4a) and freely rolls in the direction of the arrow, promoting the rotation of the adjacent rolling element. It has the function of maintaining the rolling elements in a smooth and stable state and maintaining the spacing between the rolling elements, so that the movement of the rolling elements between both raceway grooves and the mutual movement between the fixed side element and the movable side element are smooth and stable. The intermediate rolling element has the effect of reducing the rolling friction force and friction noise by maintaining this condition, and as mentioned above, the intermediate rolling element freely rolls smoothly without sharing the vertical load and comes into emotional contact with either of the raceway grooves. , its contact position (4b)
is a friction reduction method using rolling elements that is stable at only one point, and has the effect of reducing upward sliding friction force and friction noise by eliminating the sharing of the same load and having a small dynamic friction coefficient at the same contact point.

The first rJ friction reducing means used in carrying out this invention.
To explain the embodiment with reference to the drawings, (1) is the inner ring of the bearing, and when the inner ring is used fixedly, there is a fixed side element, and when the outer ring is used fixedly, there is a movable side element,
(Ia) is the inner ring raceway groove, (2) is the outer ring, which is the fixed side element when the outer ring is used fixedly, and the movable side element when the inner ring is used fixedly, (2a) is the outer ring raceway groove, (3), (3), .

, is a large number of rolling elements made of steel balls, and has an inner ring raceway groove (1
a) and the outer ring raceway groove (2a), and are arranged in rolling contact with each other, and (4), (4), ... are a number of intermediate rolling elements, each having a diameter smaller than that of the rolling element (3). None, configured by alternating with the same rolling elements.

In the first embodiment, with the above-described configuration, when the inner ring rotates in the direction of the arrow 1b) with respect to the outer ring, the rolling elements (3) made of steel balls are connected to the inner ring raceway groove (la) and the outer ring raceway groove. (
It is sandwiched between 2a) and bears the radial load of the bearing, rolls into contact with both raceway grooves, and (3a) revolves between both raceway grooves while rotating in the direction of the arrow, and the distance between both raceway grooves is rotated. Because it is supported by the diameter of the moving body, a gap (c) is created between the intermediate rolling element (4) and both raceways, and the intermediate rolling element is in contact with the adjacent rolling element without receiving the radial bearing load. It has the function of making smooth rolling contact and free rolling in the direction of the arrow (4a), promoting the rotation of the adjacent rolling elements to maintain a smooth and stable state, and maintaining the distance between the rolling elements. It maintains the revolution of the moving body around both raceway grooves and the mutual rotational movement of the inner and outer rings in a smooth and stable state, reducing rolling friction power loss and friction noise.
As mentioned above, the intermediate rolling element smoothly rotates without sharing the radial bearing load and comes into sliding contact with either the inner or outer ring raceway groove, but the contact position (4b) is stable at only one location. Also, the contact point has the effect of reducing sliding frictional power loss and friction noise by eliminating the sharing of the same load and having a small dynamic friction coefficient at the contact point.

A second embodiment of the friction reducing means used in carrying out the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. In FIG.
5) is a male screw, and when the male screw is used in a fixed manner, it is a stationary side element, and when it is used on a movable side, it is a movable element, and (5a) is a male screw raceway groove provided on the male screw. , (6) is a female screw, and when the female screw is used fixedly, it is a fixed element, and when it is used on a movable side, it is a movable element, and (6a
) is a female screw raceway groove provided on the female screw, and (7) is a pole tube with an open communication near both ends of the screw raceway groove on the female screw side, and a steel ball is inserted between the male and female screw raceway grooves and along the pole tube. A rolling element (3) consisting of 300 mm diameter and an intermediate rolling element (4) having a diameter smaller than that of the rolling element are alternately arranged in a connected manner, and the rolling elements are transferred and circulated between the male and female screw raceway grooves and the pole duplex. This figure shows the structure of the connected rolling elements in the pole screw.

According to the configuration of the second embodiment, the rolling element (3) is moved between the male threaded raceway groove (5a) and the female threaded raceway groove (6a) due to the mutual rotational movement of the male thread and the female thread. It bears the radial load rolling from the foreign bond, and rotates in rolling contact with both screw raceway grooves and revolves between the same screw raceway grooves, and the spacing between both screw raceway grooves is supported by the diameter of the rolling element. For,
A gap is created between the intermediate rolling element (4) and both screw raceway grooves,
The intermediate rolling element does not share the radial load, but rolls smoothly at the contact point with the adjacent rolling element, and rotates smoothly and maintains a smooth and stable state by promoting the rotation of the adjacent rolling element. , has the function of maintaining the distance between the rolling elements, and therefore maintains the revolution of the rolling elements around both raceway grooves and the mutual rotational movement of the male and female threads in a smooth and stable state, reducing rolling friction power loss and friction noise. As mentioned above, the intermediate rolling element smoothly rotates without sharing the radial load and makes sliding contact with either of the screw raceway grooves, but the contact point is only at one location. It is stable and has a sliding effect that reduces sliding friction power loss and friction noise due to the elimination of sharing of the same load at the contact position as described above and the small dynamic friction coefficient at the same contact position.

The third embodiment of this invention as a means for reducing friction by 1 degree for actual rotation will be explained with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 6, (8) is the rail of the linear motion bearing, and When the rail is used fixedly, it is a fixed l1lllI reed, and when used on the movable side, it is a movable element. When used fixedly, the fixed side is an element, and when used on the movable side, it is a movable element. (9a) is a sliding element, (7
) is a pole tube with an opening communicating with the vicinity of both ends of the slider side raceway groove, and between the circular raceway grooves and along the pole tube are a rolling element (3) made of a steel ball and an intermediate roller having a smaller diameter than the rolling element. Constructed by alternately arranging moving objects (4),
This figure shows the structure of the rolling elements in a linear motion bearing in which the rolling elements are rotated and circulated through the circular raceway grooves and the pole tube.

According to the configuration of the third embodiment, during mutual linear movement between the rail and the slider, the rolling elements (3) move between the rail side raceway groove (8a) and the slider side raceway groove (9a). It is sandwiched between them and bears the vertical load on the slider, and it rolls into contact with the circular raceway groove and moves between the raceway grooves while rotating, and the distance between both raceway grooves is supported by the diameter of the rolling element. A gap is created between the intermediate rolling element (4) and the circular raceway groove, and the intermediate rolling element makes rolling contact at the contact position with the adjacent rolling element and smoothly rotates without sharing the vertical load. It has the function of promoting the rotation of adjacent rolling elements to maintain a smooth and stable state and maintaining the distance between the rolling elements, and therefore, the movement of the rolling elements between the same raceway grooves and the t0 interaction between the rail and the slider. The intermediate rolling element has the effect of maintaining smooth and stable linear motion of the wheels and reducing rolling friction power loss and friction noise, and the intermediate rolling elements do not share the vertical load as described above and rotate smoothly while maintaining the smooth and stable linear motion of both wheels. The contact point is stable at only one point, and the elimination of sharing of the vertical load and the small coefficient of dynamic friction at the same point of contact reduce sliding friction power loss and friction noise. It has the effect of making it smaller.

Fourth as FJ Rin reduction means used in carrying out this invention
To explain the embodiment with reference to the drawings, in Fig. 6,
(1) is the inner ring, (2) is the outer ring, (Ia) is the inner ring raceway groove,
(2a) shows the outer ring raceway groove, (3), (3), ... show a large number of rolling elements, and (4C) shows a hollow intermediate rolling element that is smaller in diameter and hollow than the above rolling elements. There it is,
It is constructed by alternately arranging a large number of rolling elements and the above-mentioned hollow intermediate rolling elements between the raceway grooves of the inner ring and the outer ring.

The structure of the fourth embodiment is such that the intermediate rolling elements are made hollow to reduce the weight, so that the inertia when the hollow intermediate rolling elements move between the raceway grooves while freely rolling is reduced. The force and rolling friction power loss are reduced, and the driving contact position (4 hours) between the hollow intermediate rolling element and the circular raceway groove is
), the rd dynamic friction power loss and friction noise caused by the weight of the hollow intermediate rolling elements are further reduced than in the above embodiment. As the constituent material (2), synthetic resins, ceramics, and sintered alloys that have low specific gravity, low friction coefficient, and high wear resistance can be used.

Due to the X configuration and operation of the friction reducing means used to carry out the present invention and the present invention, including the above-mentioned rolling bearings, ball screws, and linear motion bearings, the pairing of the fixed side element and the movable gIII element is A large number of rolling elements and intermediate rolling elements smaller in diameter than the rolling elements are arranged alternately between the fixed raceway groove provided on the fixed element and the movable raceway groove provided on the movable element. When the fixed element and the movable element of the connected arrangement of rolling elements are adjacent to the rolling element that shares the load from the external bond, the intermediate rolling element that does not share the load is rolled. They contact each other and rotate smoothly, promoting the rotation of adjacent rolling elements and maintaining their rotation in a smooth and stable state. This has the effect of reducing rolling friction power loss and friction noise by maintaining smooth and stable motion between the pair and the element, and the intermediate rolling element has the effect of reducing frictional power loss and friction noise between the fixed side element and the movable side element. It rotates smoothly without having to share the load of the rotor, and comes into contact with either the fixed side raceway groove or the movable side raceway groove, but the contact position is stable at only one place, and the contact position is stable again. This means that the above-mentioned load sharing is eliminated and the movement l! at the same contact 4α!
The small J friction coefficient has the effect of reducing 1u dynamic friction power loss and friction noise, and these effects also improve the wear resistance of the friction reducing means and extend its life, thereby achieving the above purpose. be able to reach

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing the structure and function of the friction reduction method using rolling elements of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 4. 6 is a detailed cross-sectional view of another embodiment taken along line D-D in FIG. 4; FIG. 7 is a detailed view of a cross-section taken along line D-D in FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an embodiment of a ball screw, and FIG. are as shown below, and the same reference numerals indicate parts with the same shape or function. (1) Inner ring (la) Inner raceway groove (2) Outer ring (2a) Outer raceway groove (3) Rolling element (4)...Intermediate rolling element (4c)...Hollow intermediate rolling element (5)...φ...Male thread (5a)...Male thread raceway groove (6)... ...Female thread (6a) ...Female thread raceway groove (7) φ...11φ ball tube (8) ... Race rail (8a) ...Rail side raceway groove (9 )...Slide (9a)...Slide side raceway groove drawings Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 r21 D Fig. 4 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) In a pair of fixed side element and movable side element, there are many rolling elements between the fixed side raceway groove provided on the fixed side element and the movable side raceway groove provided on the movable side element. It consists of alternately arranging intermediate rolling elements that have a smaller diameter than the rolling elements, and creates rolling contact between the raceway grooves on both the fixed side and the movable side without sharing the load between the pairs with the intermediate rolling elements. The intermediate rolling element is supported by a rolling element that rotates on its own axis, and the adjacent rolling element and the intermediate rolling element are brought into rolling contact with each other to idle the intermediate rolling element,
Encouraging the rotation of the rolling elements to reduce rolling friction force,
A method for reducing friction using rolling elements, characterized by reducing the sliding friction force by eliminating the above-mentioned load sharing at the sliding contact position between either of the raceway grooves on the fixed side or the movable side and the intermediate rolling element. (2) A large number of rolling elements are provided between the inner ring raceway groove and the outer ring raceway groove provided in the inner ring and outer ring of the rotating pair of the fixed side element and the movable side element, respectively. A continuous arrangement of rolling elements used to carry out the friction reduction method using rolling elements according to claim (1), which is formed by alternately arranging intermediate rolling elements having smaller diameters. (3) A large number of rolling elements are provided between the male threaded raceway groove and the female threaded raceway groove respectively provided on the male thread and female thread of the ball screw in which the pair of the fixed side element and the movable side element forms a threaded pair. and intermediate rolling elements having a smaller diameter than the rolling elements, which are alternately arranged, and are used to carry out the friction reduction method using rolling elements according to claim (1). (4) A large number of grooves are provided between the rail side raceway groove and the slider side raceway groove provided on the rail and slider of the linear motion bearing in which the pair of the fixed side element and the movable side element forms a sliding pair. and intermediate rolling elements having a smaller diameter than the rolling elements are alternately arranged, and are used to carry out the friction reduction method using rolling elements according to claim (1). (5) A plurality of rolling elements and hollow intermediate rolling elements each having a smaller diameter and a hollow shape than the rolling elements are arranged alternately between the fixed side raceway groove and the movable side raceway groove. (1)
Concatenated rolling elements used to implement the friction reduction method using rolling elements described in