JPS6346837B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention is attached to a series of windows which are opened all at once by the combined action of the main drive wires, which are made up of the same number of driven wires as the windows, connected via pulleys, and the bullets. In a manual opening/closing device, a damper device consisting of a crank rod with a coil spring and a handle axis switching device are installed in the wire winding device to prevent impact on various parts when the window is stopped and to suppress and buffer the flapping of the window due to wind pressure. This invention relates to a smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device that allows windows to be opened instantly.

In recent building fires, most people die from suffocation from the smoke before the fire itself, and to prevent this, it is important to quickly remove the toxic smoke (gas) that is generated at the same time as the fire. It is considered an urgent need to vent smoke outdoors, as human life is a priority, and the Fire Service Act takes into consideration the characteristics of smoke, and requires smoke exhaust windows to be installed on high walls within 80 cm from the ceiling, and to ensure that the windows are opened quickly regardless of power outages. The current situation is that it is mandatory to install a manual opening/closing device that can be opened quickly.Therefore, in an emergency, there is no time at all to open the window, so the window must be opened manually with one touch, but unexpectedly. The demand for an inexpensive manual opening/closing smoke evacuation device that does not cause any malfunctions is rapidly increasing.

As an example of the prior art, in the manual opening/closing device for smoke exhaust windows as seen in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-13155, a kicking device such as a gas spring or an auto-hinge is used for the kick-out device that opens the window, and it is installed on the window and the upper door. Attempts have been made to open and close the device by making full use of a double pulley, but this device is similar to the wire rope suspension method using the smoke evacuation device in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-2187, in which the rope for tension suspension is unable to release the lock. When the lock is released, the projector pulls the end window sequentially through the back pulley to open the window, so the length of the rope that is unwound until the last window is opened is the length of the window. The number of windows increases in proportion to the number of windows, so the more windows there are, the more time it takes to unwind the ropes, which has the disadvantage of taking too long to open the windows. In addition to the delay, and because the rope reciprocates between the reverse pulleys in a meandering manner, the more windows there are, the more frictional resistance is added and the rope does not slide smoothly. In addition, Jiko Sho 50
- The method described in Publication No. 39623 that attempts to manually open and close a window by reciprocating (pushing and pulling) motion of a spiral cable (wire cable with spiral protrusions) is The rod-like rigidity of the cable collapses due to the weight of the window and the wind pressure, causing the cable to bend in the middle, rendering it useless.Furthermore, in terms of operation, significant sliding friction occurs within the curved pipe and at curved points, making it difficult to operate smoothly. The problem is that the cable does not move.

Additionally, attempts to open the window using a torsion coil spring (shaped like a drying rack) were unable to withstand the increased biasing force due to the increased weight of the window, and a separate shock absorbing device had to be installed. It is considered unsuitable for practical use because there is a risk that the window, surrounding members, and even the spring itself may be broken due to the sudden shock when the opening stops.

This invention fundamentally improves the operating mode of a braking device in a smoke exhaust door as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-13809, which was published by the same applicant (change of address) as the inventor of the present application, and also as described above. All the deficiencies of the prior art have been resolved, and in an emergency, women and girls can quickly and all at once open consecutive windows with an extremely simple one-touch operation, and the windows and surrounding components can be prevented from being damaged by the impact caused by the biasing force when the opening is stopped. The purpose of this project is to contribute to disaster prevention by providing the market with a smoke evacuation system with a manual opening/closing device that can prevent disasters at a low price.

An embodiment of the present invention in which a smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device is installed in a multiple window will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The first illustration shows an example of a case where a manual opening/closing device is attached to a row of outward-tiling windows, and each window 1...
1 is designed to open by rotating outward about a pivot (not shown), and the opening 2 and the window frame 1
Damper devices A are pivotally mounted on both sides of A in a substantially U-shape. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, this damper device A is an eccentric rod with a bullet, in which crank rods 4 are fitted a little distance into both end ports of a tight coil spring 3 and welded. is attached to a stopper 6 protruding from the stile 5 side of the opening 2, and the other end is pivoted vertically to a stopper 7 fixed to the edge of the window frame 1A as an opening and buffering bullet. The coil spring 3 serves to absorb and buffer the shock given to the window and surrounding members when the vehicle is stopped.

Further, at the upper edge of the opening 2, that is, at approximately the center position on the side of the upper deck 8, as shown in FIG. B is fixedly installed, and at the center of the upper edge of each window frame 1A there is a hook 12.
...... Fix 12.

Next, to suspend the wire, as shown in Fig. 3, the main drive wire W is first placed in a winding device C with a handle shaft switching device (hereinafter referred to as winding device C) that is installed within easy reach. Pull out from the drum, winding device C
The guide pulley 14 for the corner provided on the upper part of the upper part is inserted, turned into a right angle direction and extended, and the pulley device B is provided on the part of the upper part 8 of each opening 2...2. ......The cable stopper 1 is inserted into the pulley 11 grooves of B in order and hung horizontally, and after the terminal pulley device B is inserted, the direction is changed at right angles again and fixed to the upper edge side of the window frame 1A.
The fastener 13 is inserted through the small hole of No. 2, and the fastener 13 is fastened to the tip thereof, and the wire is housed in the space of the cable fitting 12 so that the wire does not slip out of the cable fitting 12, and the main drive wire W is connected and suspended. is completed.

In addition, all of the driven wires R superimposed on the main driving wires W are clamped and connected at one end by a fastener 13, and then a hook fitting 1 is fixed to the upper edge side of each window frame 1A.
2 and into the groove of the pulley 11 of each pulley device B, and the area extending longer than the fully open distance of the window is overlapped with the driving wire W, and the end is clamped with the wire coupling fitting 15. This is also to prevent the coupling fitting 15 from coming into contact with the pulley when opening the window. The pulley device B disposed on the upper leg 8 side of the opening 2 furthest from the guide pulley 14 provided above the winding device is dedicated to the main drive wire W, and other pulley devices B... ...B serves as both the main drive wire and the driven wire R for sliding purposes.

As shown in FIG. 9, the wire coupling fitting 15 for firmly coupling the driving wire W and the driven wire R is made up of a set of crimping pieces, and one or more wires can be inserted vertically and horizontally from either direction. For example, if the winding device C and the guide pulley 14 are clamped at a point at a distance equal to the distance when the window is fully opened, it will be securely attached even after the window is closed. Furthermore, unnecessary damage to the connecting member caused by excessively pulling the wire can be completely prevented (FIGS. 1 and 3).

Next, a winding device C installed within easy reach indoors serves as a means for winding up and rewinding the driving wire W.
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the bearing has an outer ring structure very similar to a standard shell-shaped needle bearing approximately in the middle of a handle shaft 20 that is pivotally supported in a case 19 with a vertically long cover 18. A spur gear 22 formed by press-fitting a shell-shaped roller clutch 23 is fitted onto the outside, and a spur gear train for increasing speed is constructed, which interlocks a pinion 26 in the axial direction of a speed governor 25 pivoted downward via an idle gear 24. The large gear 27 that meshes with the small gear 21 formed by protruding a part of the handle shaft 20 has a special shape formed at the end of a flanged drum 28 for winding and unwinding the wire. It is fitted into the boss part of the shape to form a gearing mode for deceleration (Fig. 5). Further, a claw member 29 that engages with a claw gear 30 fitted to the outermost end of the boss portion of the drum 28 has one end pivotally connected, and the other end behind a window opening push button 31 that protrudes from the cover 18 of the case 19. A pin 33 is pivotally supported by a cam member 32 that is connected to the cam member 32 and tilts downward, and is always biased by a torsion spring 34 so as to mesh with the pawl gear 30.Furthermore, the pawl member 29 tilts upward from the lowered position to form a pawl. The return push button 35, which is provided as a means for engaging the gear 30, has a conical tip 36 as shown in FIG. The distance to (half the maximum diameter of the cone)
Since the claw member 29 is slid and pushed up together with the cam member 32, the ratchet engagement is performed, and the push button 31 for opening the window is also interlocked from behind and plays an important switching role to protrude outside the cover 18. (Figure 7). A bullet plate 38 is mounted on the upper ceiling side 37 of the case 19.
Remove the handle 40, which is pivoted at a position eccentric from the end of the handle shaft 20, from the pin lock 43.
If you flip it 180 degrees upwards, the grip handle 41 of the handle
A groove 42 provided around the periphery is fitted into the annular portion 39 of the bullet plate 38, and the handle 40 is latched in an inverted L-shape (FIG. 5).

The method of using the smoke evacuation device according to the present invention is that when opening a series of windows for the purpose of starting a fire or for ventilation, first press the push button 31 (for window opening) that protrudes from the cover 18 of the winding device C with your fingertip. A cam member 32, which is in back contact with the push button 31 and is rotatably supported, tilts down using a pivot pin 32B of a bracket 32A as a fulcrum, and a claw member 29, whose end portion is pivotally supported by a pin 33 on the cam member, The coil spring 3 of the damper device A tilts downward (clockwise) using the pivot 33A at the other end as a fulcrum and disengages from the pawl gear 30. In this case, the coil spring 3 of the damper device A changes from its U-shaped state when the window is closed to its original straight shape. The repulsive force that tries to restore the window pushes the window toward the opening side while also creating a biasing force, so when the window opening push button is operated, the pawl engagement by the ratchet mechanism separates and the pawl gear becomes unloaded. The main drive wire W wound around the drum 28 having a diameter of Similarly, the driven wires R...R are also pulled at the same speed as the driving wires by the restoring action of the coil spring of the damper device provided in each opening 2, and the consecutive windows are simultaneously opened all at once.

When such a window opening movement begins, the large gear 27 fitted to a specially shaped boss at the end of the drum 28 in the winding device C speeds up the small gear 21 formed on the handle shaft 20. Furthermore, since the roller clutch 23 is locked in this case, the spur gear 22 externally fitted on the roller clutch 23 fitted on the handle shaft 20 is also connected to the pinion 26 in the axial direction of the speed governor 25 via the idle gear 24. The drum 28, which starts rotating at an accelerated pace due to the window opening urging force, is buffered by the braking force of the speed governor, which increases the speed in two steps. Even if the window stops in the middle of being fully opened or partially opened, the rotating force is sufficiently controlled, so damage due to impact can be completely prevented and the window can be used safely at all times.

Therefore, in the winding device shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 13809/1983 filed earlier by the same applicant as the present invention, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 2187/1987 (later application), there is no brake device or governor in the axial direction of the rotating handle. Since the device is directly connected to the device, the biasing force buffer when opening the window is significantly weaker than the two-step acceleration braking mechanism according to the present invention, and the handle rotation when closing the window is significantly weaker. In the latter case, the movement is not slowed down, so an extremely large torque is required, which is extremely inconvenient in use.

Next, when closing the window, first press the return push button 35.
When pressed, the tip of the push button formed in the shape of a cone 36 will cause the claw member 29 and the cam member 32 to engage the pin 33.
It comes into contact with 44 nearby protrusions that are pivoted, moves forward sequentially, and finally tilts the claw member 29 upward by a distance equal to the radius of the cone 36 and is pushed up and engaged with the claw gear 30. When you release your hand in this state, the return push button 35 returns to its normal position protruding from the cover 18 due to the restoration of the internal spring, and the cam member that is pushed upward in conjunction with the claw member also returns to the push button for opening the window. The push button 31 is in contact with the rear side of the push button 31, and is placed in a state where there is no problem in pressing the push button 31 when opening the window described above (FIG. 7).

Then, the handle 40, which is pivotally mounted eccentrically from the end of the handle shaft 20 and is engaged in an inverted L-shape with the bullet plate 38 on the ceiling side 37 of the case 19, is pulled toward the user and separated from the bullet plate 38 by 180 degrees. After flipping it downwards and inserting the pin lock 43 on the handle side into the small hole 45 of the protrusion 40A, gripping the handle 41 with one hand and rotating it in the direction in which the ratchet claws are released, the handle shaft 20 will become a roller clutch. By switching the , the large gear 27 on the drum side that meshes with the small gear 21 in the axial direction is rotated at a reduced speed, so the speed reduction effect due to the gear ratio of both gears and the distance from the handle shaft 20 to the handle are inversely proportional. This has been reliably demonstrated through repeated experiments that the drum 28 can be rotated with an extremely light force due to both the effect of reducing the rotational force and that the multiple windows can be closed much more easily and smoothly. be.

That is, in the window closing stage, due to the characteristics of the roller clutch 23 fitted to the handle shaft 20, the clutch lock is automatically released and the spur gear is placed in an idle state (no load) outside the roller clutch 23. Naturally, the torque of the handle shaft is not transmitted, and therefore the gear train leading to the governor cannot be interlocked, and the large gear on the drum side is only rotated at a reduced speed by the small gear on the handle shaft. (Figure 5).

Also, contrary to the window closing described above, in the opening stage, the clutch lock automatically operates on the roller clutch 23 installed inside the spur gear, and the spur gear rotates under load on the outside of the roller clutch. All the spur gear trains leading up to are interlocked, and the braking force of the speed governor, which is much faster than the rotation of the drum, can fully control and buffer the opening biasing force.

This invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and its many advantages and effects are listed as follows.

(1) The position of the main coil spring 3 of the damper device A installed in the opening is eccentric from the line connecting the pivot points of both crank rods, regardless of the opening angle of the window, so it sticks like a rod when closing. The window operates smoothly without being stretched and obstructing rotation.

(2) The coil spring 3 of the damper device buffers the impact that occurs when the window opens and stops, thereby preventing damage to the window and its surrounding components.

(3) Compared to other shock absorbers such as gas springs, autohinges, and stay dampers, this damper device is trouble-free and 1/1 compared to other shock absorbers.
Because it is inexpensive, it helps reduce the burden on equipment.

(4) Since only a single pulley is provided in each opening, there is little frictional resistance on the wire when the window is closed, and the winding operation force is minimal due to the structure that rotates the drum at a reduced speed.

(5) Window opening is a one-touch operation using a push button, and since it will not operate even if you press another button by mistake, anyone can operate it easily and accurately.

(6) Since the fenestration biasing force is generated by the speed governor's rotation speed exceeding that of the drum, the braking buffer works reliably.

(7) Due to the characteristics of the roller clutch fitted externally on the handle shaft, the speed governor rotates at an increased speed when the window is opened, and the drum rotates at a reduced speed when the window is closed, which is convenient because it automatically switches.

(8) When the handle is hung above the case, the window can be opened by pressing a button, and if you want to stop the window in the middle of opening, you only need to press the return button, so adjusting the degree of opening of the window is extremely easy.

(9) The coupling fitting for preventing excessive wire pulling is also used as a stopper, which prevents excessive winding of the wire.
You can check the status at hand when the window is closed at high places.

(10) Winding time is speeded up, and since it is only necessary to wind the wire by the distance of opening the window, the drum can be made smaller and the winding device C in general can be downsized.

As explained above, this invention is a smoke exhaust device with a manual opening/closing device that complies with the requirements of the Fire Service Act.
With one-touch operation using a push button from within easy reach, a roll clutch that can be automatically switched separately provides braking and buffering when the window is open, while labor-saving deceleration and rotation can be performed when the window is closed.Furthermore, a damper device equipped with a coil spring allows for the opening and closing of the window. There are various effects such as no damage caused by impact to various parts when the window is stopped, and the cost burden on the person responsible for installing the smoke exhaust system is significantly reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of the smoke evacuation device of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a perspective view when the smoke evacuation device is attached to a continuous window, and Fig. 2 is a side view of the window where the damper device and pulley device are attached. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the state in which all the wires are connected, Figure 4 is a front view of the winding device, and Figure 5 is the A-A of the winding device in Figure 1.
A sectional view, Fig. 6 is a BB sectional view in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 is a C-C sectional view in Fig. 4, Fig. 8 is an overall view of the crank rod with coil spring, and Fig. 9 is a wire connection. It is a perspective view of a metal fitting. A... Damper device, C... Winding device, W...
Driving wire, R...Driver wire, 1...Window,
1A... Window edge, 2... Opening, 3... Coil spring, 4... Crank lever, 5... Vertical stile, 15... Wire coupling fitting, 20... Handle shaft, 21... Small gear, 22 ...Spur gear, 23...Roller clutch,
25... Speed governor, 28... Drum, 29... Pawl member, 30... Pawl gear, 31... Push button, 32... Cam member, 35... Return push button.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Each driven wire, one end of which is attached to each window edge, is connected via the same number of upper frame side pulleys as the number of continuous windows, and the ends extended from another winding machine that is superimposed are fixed to the window edge. In a window opening/closing device that can be opened and closed by the combined action of a driving wire and a bullet, both ends of crank levers 4, 4 welded to both ends of a coil spring 3 are connected to the opening 2 of the window 1.
Damper devices A are pivotally connected in a U-shape to the vertical stile 5 and the window edge 1A on both sides, and are engaged with a roller clutch 23 with a spur gear 22 fitted to the handle shaft 20 on the other side to rotate at an increased speed when the window is opened. A speed governor 25, a drum 28 that meshes with the small gear 21 at the end of the handle shaft 20 and rotates at a reduced speed only when the window is closed, a cam member 32 that tilts down when a push button 31 is operated, and other return components. push button 3
5, a winding device C configured to arbitrarily engage and disengage the claw member 29 that engages with the claw gear 30 on the drum 28 side, and a wire coupling fitting 15 for coupling with each driven wire R. Clamped main drive wire W
A smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device.