JPS58150687A - Smoke exhaust apparatus with manually opening and closing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides a device for continuous windows that opens all at once by the combined action of a motive wire and a bullet, which is formed by connecting the same number of driven wires as windows through a pulley. In manual switchgear,
A damper device consisting of a crank rod with a coil spring and a wire winding device are equipped with a handle shaft switching device to prevent shock to each part when the window is stopped and to suppress and buffer the flapping of the window due to wind pressure. This invention relates to a smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device that allows windows to be opened.

In recent building fires, most people die from suffocation from the smoke before the fire itself.To prevent this, it is necessary to quickly remove the smoke (gas) generated at the same time as the fire. Considering the nature of smoke, it is considered an urgent task to vent the smoke outside to the outside, and the fire service law also requires smoke exhaust windows to be installed on high walls within 80C from the ceiling, and to ensure that the windows remain open regardless of power outages. The current situation is that it is mandatory to install a manual opening/closing device that can open the window quickly.In an emergency, there is no time to open the window at all, so it is necessary to manually open the window with one touch.
There is a rapidly increasing demand for an inexpensive manual smoke evacuation device that opens and closes windows without causing unexpected breakdowns.

As an example of the prior art, in the manual opening/closing device for a smoke exhaust window described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-13155, a kicking device such as a gas spring or an auto hinge is used for the kicking device that opens the window. Attempts have been made to open and close the device by making full use of the rear pulley, but this device is similar to the wire rope suspension means of the smoke evacuation device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-2187, in which the rope of the tension suspension is engaged when the lock is released. When the lock is released, the projector pulls the end window sequentially through the rear pulley to open it, so the length of the rope that is unwound until the last window is opened depends on the number of windows. Since the number of windows is increased proportionally, the more windows there are, the more time it takes to unwind the rope, which has the disadvantage that the time the windows are open is too long, and smoke exhaustion is delayed when dividing cars. In addition, since the rope reciprocates in a meandering manner between the rear cars, the more windows there are, the more frictional resistance is added and the rope does not slide smoothly. Furthermore, in the method described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 50-39623, an attempt was made to manually open and close a window using the reciprocating (push and pull) motion of a spiral cable (wire cable with *& barbs) by moving the cable forward. When the window is pushed out, the rod-like rigidity of the cable collapses due to the weight of the window and wind pressure, causing the cable to bend in the middle and become useless.Furthermore, in terms of operation, it is noticeable in curved pipes and curved parts. The problem is that sliding friction occurs and the cable does not move smoothly.

Additionally, attempts to open the window using a torsion coil spring (shaped like a drying rack) were unable to withstand the increased biasing force due to the increased weight of the window, and a separate shock absorbing device had to be installed. This invention, which is considered unsuitable for practical use because there is a danger that the window, surrounding parts, and even the spring itself may be broken due to the sudden shock when it stops opening, has been filed and published by the same applicant (change of address) as the inventor of the present application. Tami Kosho 52-1380
In addition to fundamentally improving the operating mode of the braking device in the smoke exhaust door shown in Publication No. 9, all the deficiencies of the prior art described above have been eliminated, and in an emergency, women and women can be operated quickly and simultaneously with one-touch operation. The purpose of the present invention is to contribute to disaster prevention by providing on the market at a low price a smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device that can open continuous windows and prevent damage to the windows and surrounding components due to the impact caused by the urging force when the opening is stopped. That is.

An embodiment in which the present invention is implemented as a smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device installed in multiple windows will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The first illustration shows an example of a case where a manual opening/closing device is attached to the outer continuous window, and each window 1...1 is opened by pivoting to the outer row around a pivot (not shown). Damper devices A are pivotally mounted on both sides of the opening 2 and the window frame IA, respectively, in a substantially U-shape. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, this damper device A is an eccentric rod with a bullet, in which crank rods 4 are fitted a little distance into both end ports of a tight-fitting coil spring 3 and welded. is attached to a stopper 6 protruding from the stile 5 side of the opening 2, and the other end is pivoted vertically to a stopper 7 fixed to the edge of the window frame IA as an opening and buffering bullet. The coil spring 3 serves to absorb and buffer the shock given to the window and surrounding members when the vehicle is stopped.

Further, at the upper edge of the opening 2, that is, at approximately the center of the upper lateral 8 side, a pulley device is attached to the placket 10, as shown in FIG. B is fixedly installed, and metal fittings 12...12 are fixed to the center of the upper edge of each window frame IA.

Next, to suspend the wire, as shown in Fig. 3, first the main drive wire W is attached to a position within reach... is pulled out from the drum, and inserted through the corner guide pulley 14 disposed on the upper horizontal side above the winding device C, turned to the right angle direction and extended, and the upper horizontal 8 side of each opening 2...2 is pulled out. After passing through the pulley 11 grooves of the pulley devices B and B installed at the terminal one after another and horizontally suspending the block, the terminal turned the direction at right angles again and fixed it to the upper edge side of the window frame lA. The wire is inserted through the small hole of the metal fitting 12 and the fastener 13 is clamped and connected to the tip of the metal fitting 12.
It is stored in the space of the base stopper 12 so that it does not come out, and the linked suspension of the driving wire W is completed.

In addition, all of the driven wires R superimposed on the main driving wire W are clamped and connected at one end by a fastener 13, and then inserted through the small hole of the bare metal fitting 12 fixed to the upper edge side of each window frame IA. It is inserted into the groove of the pulley 11 of each pulley device B, and the area extending beyond the fully opened distance of the window is overlapped with the antenatal wire W, and the ends are clamped and connected with the wire coupling fittings 15. This is also to prevent the coupling fitting 15 from coming into contact with the pulley during window opening. The pulley device B, which is disposed on the upper root 8 side of the opening 2 that is farthest from the guide pulley 14 provided above the winding device, is dedicated to the main drive wire W, and other pulley devices B and B is formed by combining the sliding movement of the main driving wire and the driven wire R.

The wire coupling fitting 15 for firmly coupling the main wire W and the driven wire R is made of a set of crimping pieces, as shown in FIG. Even if it is inserted, it is clamped and pressed to firmly fix it, so for example, if it is clamped in advance at the same distance as the full opening distance of the window between the winding device C and the guide pulley 14, the window will close. Unnecessary damage to the connecting member caused by over-pulling the wire afterwards can be completely prevented (FIGS. 1 and 3).

Next, the winding device C, which is placed within easy reach indoors, is used as a spring return means for winding the main drive wire W.
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 7, a shell-type roller clutch 23 having an outer ring structure very similar to a standard shell-type needle bearing is installed approximately in the middle of a handle shaft 20 that is pivotally supported in a case 19 with a vertically elongated cover 18. Press-fitted spur gear 2
2 is fitted onto the outside to form a speed increasing spur gear train that interlocks the pinion 26 in the axial direction of the speed governor 25 which is pivoted downward via the idle gear 24, and also partially expands the handle shaft 20. The large gear 27 that meshes with the small gear 21 that has been formed is fitted into a boss with a specially shaped mouth formed at the end of the flanged drum 28 for wire winding and return, and is fitted into a gear for deceleration. Construct a matching mode (Fig. 5). Further, a claw member 29 that engages with a claw gear 30 that is fitted and attached to the end of the boss portion of the drum 28 has one end pivotally attached, and the other end attached to a push button 31 for opening a window that protrudes from the cover 18 of the case 190. A pin 33 is pivotally supported by a cam member 32 which is hydraulically linked and rotates downward, and is always biased by a torsion spring 34 so as to mesh with the pawl gear 30. Furthermore, the pawl member 29 is raised from a lowered position and rotates upward. Claw gear 30
The return push button 35, which is provided as a means for engaging the body, has a conical tip 36, and when retracted by pressure, the distance from the center of the push button 35 to the maximum height of the conical slope, that is, the maximum height of the conical slope. It is important to slide the pawl member 29 by the length of the diameter) and push it up together with the cam member 32, so that the ratchet engagement is performed and the push button 31 for opening the window is also interlocked from the back and protrudes outside the cover 18. It plays the role of easy switching (Figure 7).

A bullet plate 38 is mounted on the upper ceiling side 37 of the coos 19, and if the handle 40, which is pivoted at a position eccentric to the end of the handle shaft 20, is removed from the bin lock 43 and rotated 180 degrees upward, A groove 42 provided around the grip handle 41 of the nozzle fits into the annular portion 39 of the bullet plate 38, so that the handle 40 is latched in an upside-down shape (Fig. 5). .

The method of using the smoke evacuation device according to the present invention is that when opening a series of windows for the purpose of starting a fire or for ventilation, first press the push button 31 (for window opening) that protrudes from the cover 18 of the winding device C with your fingertip. Press the push button 31 and turn it! l! The cam member 32, which is pivotably supported by the cam member 32, descends, and the claw member 29, whose end is pivoted by the pin 33, rotates downward (clockwise) about the pivot 33A at the other end, and the claw In such a case, the coil spring 3 of the damper assembly MA will disengage from the gear 30.
When the window is closed, the repulsive force that tries to restore it to its original straight shape from the U-shaped state causes the window to be pushed toward the opening side without creating a biasing force, so the ratchet is activated by operating the window opening push button described above. The main front wire W wound around the drum 28 with the pawl gear 30, which has no load due to separation of the pawl engagement by the mechanism, is pulled in the @return direction, and the window stops fully opening while rotating the drum 28. The driven wires R-R connected to the main 1 wire are also pulled at the same speed as the main driving wire by the restoring action of the coil spring of the damper device provided in each opening 2. Then, all the windows were opened all at once.

When the window opening movement starts, the drum 2 is moved in the winding device C.
Large gear 27/'' fitted into the specially shaped boss part at the 8th end
The small gear 21 formed on the i-handle shaft 20 is speed-up-linked, and the spur gear 22 externally fitted on the handle shaft 20 is also
In this case, since the roller clutch 23 is locked, the spur gear train that connects to the pinion 26 in the axial direction of the speed governor 25 via the idle gear 24 is interlocked while increasing the speed, so that it rotates at an accelerated pace due to the window opening biasing force. The drum 28, which starts the process, is buffered by the braking force of the speed governor, which increases the speed in two steps.
Even if the window stops in the middle of opening fully or early, the rotating force is sufficiently controlled, so damage due to impact can be completely prevented and the window can always be used safely.

Therefore, the same applicant as this invention filed an earlier application in 1973.
Publication No. 2-13809 and other successor special public publications 1982-
Since the winding device shown in Publication No. 2187 has a brake device and a governor device directly connected in the axial direction of the rotating handle, the biasing force for opening the window can be buffered by regulating braking by the two-stage speed increase according to the present invention. This mechanism is considerably weaker than the conventional mechanism, and since the rotation of the handle when closing the window is not slowed down in the latter, an extremely large torque is required, which is very inconvenient in use.

Next, when closing the window, first press the return push button 35, and the tip of the push button, which is formed in the shape of a cone 36,
9 and the cam member 32 come into contact with 44 protrusions in the vicinity of the pin 33, and gradually move forward until finally the cone 36
The claw member 29 is rotated upward by a distance equal to the diameter of the diameter, and is pushed up and engaged with the claw gear 30. If you release your hand in this state, the return push button 35 is restored by the internal spring and the cover 18 is moved.
As the cam member moves to a more protruding normal position, the cam member, which is pushed upward in conjunction with the claw member, also presses the push button 3 for opening the window.
The push button 31 that is in contact with the back side of 1 and used when opening the window mentioned above.
(No. 7)
(Fig.) Then, the handle 40, which is pivotally mounted eccentrically from the end of the handle shaft 20 and is engaged in an inverted shape with the bullet plate 38 on the ceiling side 37 of the case 19, is pulled forward.
Move the pin opening 43 on the handle side to the protrusion 44. ＠After the opening of the small hole 45 in Tokoro,
When the handle shaft 20 is rotated in the direction in which the ratchet claw engages or disengages while gripping the handle 41 with one hand, the handle shaft 20 decelerates the rotation of the small gear 21 in the axial direction and the large gear 27 on the drum side that is interlocked with the tooth N by switching the roller clutch. Therefore, the drum 28 can be rotated with an extremely small force due to both the deceleration effect due to the gear ratio of the two gears and the reduction in rotational force that is inversely proportional to the distance from the handle shaft 20 to the grip handle. It has been reliably demonstrated through power substation experiments that multiple windows and apertures can be closed extremely easily and smoothly.

In other words, in the window closing stage, the roller clutch 23, which is externally mounted on the handle shaft 20 and internally mounted on the round gear 22, is
'1, the clutch lock is automatically released and the upper gear is in the idle state II (non-negative direction) on the outside of the roller clutch 23.
Therefore, as a matter of course, the torque of the handle shaft is not transmitted, and therefore the east row of teeth leading to the speed governor cannot be interlocked, and the small gear of the handle shaft decelerates and rotates the large gear on the drum side. It will remain at a height (Figure 5).

Also, contrary to the window closing described above, in the opening stage, the roller clutch 23 built into the spur gear is automatically engaged as a clutch lock, and the spur gear rotates under load on the outside of the roller clutch, so the speed is controlled by the drum. All the spur gear trains leading to the machine are interlocked, and the braking force of the speed governor, which is much faster than the drum rotation, can fully control and buffer the opening force.

This invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and its many advantages and effects are listed as follows.

(1) The position of the coil spring 3, which is the main part of the damper device A installed in the opening, is eccentric from the line connecting the pivot points of both crank rods, regardless of the opening angle of the window. The window operates smoothly without interfering with rotation.

(2) The coil spring 3 of the damper device absorbs the impact that occurs when the window stops opening, thereby preventing damage to the window and its surrounding components.

(3) Compared to other shock absorbers such as gas springs, autohinges, and stay dampers, this damper device is trouble-free and less expensive than other shock absorbers, reducing the burden on equipment. (4) Since only a single pulley is provided in each opening, there is little frictional resistance on the wire when the window is closed, and the winding operation force is minimal due to the structure that rotates the drum at a reduced speed.

(5) Window opening is a one-touch operation using a push button, and since it will not operate even if you press another button by mistake, anyone can operate it easily and accurately.

(6) Since the fenestration biasing force is generated by the governor's rotation speed being higher than the drum rotation, the braking buffer works reliably.

(7) Due to the characteristics of the roller clutch fitted externally to the handle shaft, the speed governor rotates at an increased speed when the window is open, and the drum rotates at a reduced speed when the window is closed, which is convenient because it automatically switches.

(8) When the handle is hung above the case, the window can be opened by pressing the button, and if you want to stop the window in the middle of opening, you only need to press the return button, so adjusting the degree of window opening is extremely easy. be.

(9) The connecting fittings used to prevent fines for pulling wires also function as stoppers, which prevents wires from being overlooked and allows you to check the status at hand when closing windows at high places.

(10) The window opening time is speeded up, and since it is only necessary to wind the wire by the window opening distance, the drum can be downsized, and the @taking device C in general can be downsized.

As explained above, this invention is a smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device that complies with the requirements of the Fire Service Act, and when a window is opened by a one-touch operation using a push button from within easy reach, a separate roll clutch that can be automatically switched is used. The control J'J is buffered, and on the other hand, when the window is closed, the deceleration rotation can be operated labor-savingly, and the damper device with a coil spring prevents damage such as impact on various parts when the window is stopped, making it mandatory to install a smoke evacuation device. It has various effects such as significantly reducing the cost burden on the side.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of the smoke evacuation device of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a perspective view when the smoke evacuation device is attached to a continuous window, and Fig. 2 is a side view of the window where the damper device and pulley device are attached. 3 is a perspective view of all the wires connected together, FIG. 4 is a front view of the winding device, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of the winding device in FIG. 1, and FIG. is B-B in Figure 5
7 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 4, FIG. 8 is an overall view of the crank rod with a coil spring, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the wire coupling fitting. A Damper device B Pulley device C... Winding device W
Drive wire R...Driver wire...Window IA...
・Window frame 2 ・Opening 3...Coil spring 4...Crank rod 5...Stile 15...Wire coupling fitting 20
・Handle shaft 23 ・Roller clutch 25 ・Governor 28 ・Drum Patent applicant Kazuaki Ando Figure 3 Fuzoro+A Hon-t I, u% V5tL

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a manual opening/closing device consisting of a series of windows in which the same number of driven wires as windows are connected via a pulley and are opened all at once by the combined action of a main drive wire mounted on a vehicle and a bullet, the opening 2 is equipped with a coil spring. A damper device A is provided in which one end of a crank rod with three attachments is pivoted vertically to the stile 5 and the other end to the window frame IA,
On the other hand, by means of a roller clutch 23 fitted externally to the handle shaft 20, the biasing force at the time of window opening is increased by a speed governor 25 using a spur gear train.
When the window is closed, the drum 28 is rotated at a reduced speed, and a winding device C with a handle shaft switching device configured so that the speed governor 25 is not interlocked is provided. A smoke evacuation device with a manual opening/closing device, characterized in that a wire coupling fitting 15 for preventing excessive traction is separately clamped.