JPS6343093B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging device used for diagnosing the circulatory system.

In the diagnosis of the circulatory system, for example, in the diagnosis of heart disease, angiography is performed to improve the diagnostic ability. By the way, as is well known, the heart has four chambers: the right ventricle, right atrium, left ventricle, and left atrium.
It consists of three valves: the aortic valve, the mitral valve, and the tricuspid valve, and the coronary arteries that surround the heart. Depending on the direction of X-ray radiation, for example, the ventricle and the spinal cord may overlap, or the blood vessels may overlap. etc., making accurate diagnosis difficult. Therefore, in recent years, the heart has been photographed from different directions, for example, horizontally or obliquely, in order to improve diagnostic ability and prevent misdiagnosis.

Conventionally, when taking images from the two directions, for example, the holding devices of the X-ray tube or the X-ray image detection device (for example, image intensifier hereinafter referred to as I and I) are each configured independently.
It took a very long time to determine the position.
That is, when setting an X-ray irradiation field using an irradiation lamp with a movable aperture, the patient and the top plate are shifted to a position where they do not interfere with irradiation. In addition, when the patient and the table top are in the imaging position, it is of course impossible to use an irradiation lamp with a movable diaphragm, so the X-ray tube and the I/I can be appropriately opposed to each other and monitored using X-ray fluoroscopy. The photo was taken after confirming whether the target body part was visible on the TV. In this way, if the irradiation field of the X-ray tube deviates from the phosphor screen of the device, exposure to X-rays is inevitable, which is very dangerous. In addition, since these individual devices are combined, the operability is poor, causing a decline in diagnostic performance. Furthermore, it has been difficult to take photographs in an oblique direction using conventional devices of this type.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray imaging apparatus that has excellent operability and can improve diagnostic performance.

This invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 to 3 show one embodiment of the present invention, and in each figure, 1 is an X-ray imaging device, and this X-ray imaging device 1 is attached to a ceiling 39 with an anchor bolt (not shown).
A guide rail 2 is provided via the guide rail 2. A guide rail 3 having rollers 4 in a direction crossing the guide rail 2 is attached to the lower part of the guide rail 2. ing. The guide rail 3 also has rollers 6A and 6B provided on the sides of a pair of moving blocks 5A and 5B.
are movably fitted to each other, and moving blocks 5A and 5B are provided so as to be reciprocatable along the guide rail 3 in the horizontal direction (in the direction of arrow A and the direction of arrow B). Furthermore, moving block 5
An arm 8 having a dog 7 at its tip is attached to the side of A, and a detector, for example a micro switch 9, is attached to the other moving block 5B.

Support members that are expandable and retractable in the vertical direction (arrow C direction and arrow D direction), for example, the upper ends of multiple pipes 10A and 10B, are fixed to the lower portions of the moving blocks 5A and 5B, respectively.
A, 10B winds wires 12A, 12B onto winding drums 11A, 11B using a spring system in order to be able to expand and contract freely, and multiple pipes 10A,
10B can be expanded and contracted. Here, the multiple pipe 10A of the I/I holding device is expanded and contracted by the spring balance method, and the multiple pipe 10B of the other X-ray tube holding device is connected to the balance mechanism via the gear 13 and the electromagnetic clutch 14. By providing a motor 15, it is possible to expand and contract. The multiple pipes 10A, 1
Holders 16 and 17 are provided at the lower end of 0B, respectively. And multiple pipes 10A, 10
B and the holders 16 and 17 constitute a holding device. A rotating shaft 20 is rotatably supported on the holder 16 in the direction of arrow E. As shown in FIG. This rotating shaft 20
An I/I 18 is attached to one end, and one end of a lever 21 is fixed to the other end. In addition, the holder 16 of the rotating shaft 20 and the I/I 18
One end of a rotation fixture 19 is fixed between the two. A plurality of fitting holes 19A are bored at the other end of the rotation fixture 19, for example, at predetermined angles. The tip of an engagement pin 22A, which will be described later, is adapted to engage and disengage within the fitting hole 19A of the rotation fixture 19. The holder 16 has a through hole 16
An engagement pin 22A having a lever 22 at the other end is inserted into this through hole 16A via a spring 22B, and this engagement pin 22A is always held by a spring 22B to rotate the fixing metal fitting 19. The distal end thereof is fitted into the fitting hole 19A of the rotation fixing fitting 19. In addition, by operating the lever 22 at the other end of the engagement pin 22A, the tip of the engagement pin 22A is pulled out from the fitting hole 19A of the rotation fixture 19, and the rotation shaft 22
When the lever 21 is operated to rotate the rotary fixing metal fitting 19 and the fitting hole 19A is set at the predetermined position of the I/I 18, the lever 22 is then rotated in the opposite direction. The tip of the engagement pin 22A is connected to the fitting hole 1 of the rotation fixing fitting 19.
9A to set the angular position of I/I 18. 32 in the drawing is a TV camera, 3
3 is a cine camera, 34 is an optical system, 35 is a subject,
36 is a top plate for placing the subject, 37 is a cooling fan,
38 is a bed that moves the top plate 36 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and 0 is the irradiation center of the subject 35.

On the other hand, a supporting fork 23 is attached to the holder 17, and an X-ray tube 25 provided with rotation rings 24A and 24B is rotatably attached to the supporting fork 23. And these rotation rings 24A, 24B
Due to the function of the
5. It has the role of a fixing metal fitting to maintain the inclination. For this purpose, the ring 24A has a plurality of notches 2.
4', and a shaft 28 that is moved by a lever 27 provided on the supporting fork 23 is fitted into this notch 24' to fix the X-ray tube 25 at a predetermined angular position. ing. This shaft 28 is urged by a spring 28A and is always fitted into the notch 24'. Also, I, I18 and
The holder 16 and the supporting fork 23 are provided with micro switches 29A and 29B that operate when the wire tube 25 is in the oblique angle state, and dogs 30A and 30B for operating the micro switches 29A and 29B. However, this micro switch 29A, 29
The operation B starts when the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 are placed facing each other, and at the same time the detection devices 31A and 31B in the moving blocks 5A and 5B are activated, and at the same time the detection devices 31A and 31B in the moving block 5B of the holding device of the X-ray tube 25 are activated. It is adapted to drive a motor 15.

In the above embodiment, the guide rail 2 is attached to the ceiling 39, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the guide rail 2 may be configured to move along the floor or wall. Further, the multiple pipe 10
A and 10B are configured to be expandable and retractable by a spring balance method, a method of winding a wire by driving a motor, a method using a weight, or the like. Furthermore, although the I-I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 are shown to be tilted manually, it goes without saying that they may be constructed using a driving method such as motor driving.

The following operation of the above will be explained.

First, the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 moves the moving blocks 5A and 5B along the guide rail 3 in the directions of arrows A and B, and the dog 7 is provided at the tip of the side surface of the moving block 5A of the holding device of I/I18. arm 8
is moved to operate the micro switch 9 on the side of the moving block 5B of the holding device for the X-ray tube 25. This action causes an electromagnetic brake (not shown) of the holding device to act, stopping and fixing each holding device. This ensures that the distance between the holding devices is always a constant distance.

Next, move the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 to the lever 21.
When the levers 27 and 27 are tilted to predetermined angles, the micro switches 29A and 27 mentioned above are activated.
Due to the action of 29B, a device (not shown) that indicates that the oblique entry angles of the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 match is activated, and at the same time the multiple pipe 10 described above is activated.
Detection device 31 that detects the vertical movement difference between A and 10B
A and 31B operate. Further, by driving the motor 15 in the moving block 5B of the X-ray tube 25 holding device, the multiple pipe 10B of the X-ray tube 25 holding device is moved to a position where the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 face each other. In other words, the X-ray tube 25
will always follow and move to the position opposite I/I18. Then, a device (not shown) is activated to indicate that the device is in the facing position. In addition,
The motor 15 in the moving block 5B of the holding device for the X-ray tube 25 is connected to an electromagnetic clutch 14, so that it can be switched from electric to manual mode as required. Furthermore, the micro-switches 29A and 29B, which are activated by the oblique entry, also have the role of operating the X-ray movable diaphragm 26 provided in the X-ray tube 25 in accordance with the oblique entry angle.

Here, the conditions for the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 to be in opposing positions depending on the oblique angle and the necessity of the X-ray movable diaphragm will be explained with reference to FIG. First, the rotation centers of the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 in the horizontal position are O, O ₀ , and the rotation center of the X-ray tube 25 at the oblique angle θ is O ₁ , and the rotation center of the I/I 18 is
Distance to the rotation center position of the ray tube 25 ₀ = L, X of the oblique angle θ from the rotation center of the X-ray tube 25 in the horizontal position
If the distance to the rotation center position of the ray tube 25 is expressed as _{0 1} = l, then the amount of vertical movement for the I·I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 to face each other at the oblique angle θ is _{0 1} = ₀ tanθ, that is, l = It can be expressed as Ltanθ. Here, since L is a constant distance, the amount of vertical movement for the I·I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 to face each other is determined by the oblique angle θ. Therefore, this amount of movement is detected by each detection device of the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25. In addition, the phosphor screen A ₀ of the I-I 18 in the horizontal position, the focal point F ₀ of the X-ray tube 25, the phosphor screen A ₁ of the I-I 18 at the oblique angle θ,
The focal point of the X-ray tube 25 is _F1 , the distance from the rotation center of I/I 18 to the phosphor screen is ₀ = ₁ = R, and the distance from the rotation center of the X-ray tube 25 to the focal point _{is 0 0} = _{1 1}
= r, then the focal length _{0 0} of the fluorescent screen of I・I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 in the horizontal position is _{0 0} = ₀ − ( ₀ + _{0 0} ) = L − (R + r) ……(1) shown. The distance ₁ between the rotation center of I・I 18 and the rotation center of the X-ray tube 25 at the oblique angle θ is From the above l=Ltanθ, ₁ =√ ² (+ ² =√ ^{2 2} θ=Lsec
It is denoted by θ. Therefore, the distance _{1 1} between the phosphor screen of I・I 18 and the focal point of the X-ray tube 25 at the oblique angle θ is _{1 1} = ₁ − ( ₁ + _{1 1} ) = Lsec θ − (R + r) ... (2) It is indicated by. Here, from equations (1) and (2), I・I1
The relationship between the distance between the phosphor screen 8 and the focus of the X-ray tube 25 is _{1 1} − _{0 0} = L (secθ−1) ≧O (L: constant O≦θ≦90°), that is, _{1 1} ≧ _{0 0} It shows. This means that the distance between the phosphor screen of I-I 18 and the focal point of X-ray tube 25 at the oblique angle θ is greater than the distance between the phosphor screen of I-I 18 and the focal point of X-ray tube 25 in the horizontal position. It shows. That is, X at the oblique angle θ
The irradiation field for X-ray imaging in the horizontal position (dotted line in the figure) shows that the irradiation field is wider than the fluorescent screen of I/I18. Therefore, in order to prevent the X-ray irradiation field from expanding at the oblique angle θ, a movable X-ray diaphragm is required. By the action of this X-ray movable diaphragm, the irradiation field is narrowed down to the phosphor screen range of I.I18 (double-dashed line in the figure).

Next, the operating state of the device will be explained with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG. The X-ray imaging device 1 is a combination of a holding device for the X-ray tube 25 and a holding device for the I/I 18.
Both holding devices are detected by the micro switch 9 provided on the holding device of the wire tube 25, and a signal V ₀ is detected.
Output. Each of the above-mentioned holding devices is provided with an X-ray tube 25 and a diagonal entry unit for I/I 18, each of which has a micro switch 2 which is operated depending on the diagonal entry angle θ.
When 9A and 29B are activated, they output signals V ₁ and V ₂ ,
is applied to the controller 40. If the input signals V ₁ and V ₂ are the same, this controller 40 transmits the signal V ₃ to the vertical motion detection device 31A of the multiple pipe 10A, the vertical motion controller 41 of the multiple pipe 10B, and the X-ray movable diaphragm 2.
The output signal is output to the controller 42 and display device 46 of No. 6, respectively. The vertical motion detection device 31A receives the signal _V3 , detects the position of the manually operated I/I 18, and outputs the signal _V5 . This motor 15 is connected to a winding drum 11B via an electromagnetic clutch 14 and a gear 13, and a detection device 31 is connected to the winding drum 11B.
B is connected. Therefore, when the signal _V5 is input to the motor 15, the motor 15 is driven and the detection device 31B is also activated. Therefore, the detection device 31B detects the vertical movement of the X-ray tube 15 and outputs a signal.
Outputs _V6 . Here, the detection device 31A,
An arithmetic unit 43 is provided to which the output signals V ₄ and V ₆ of each of the circuits 31B are input, and a signal V ₇ is output from this output terminal. Therefore,
The controller 41 outputs a signal _V5 to stop the rotation of the motor 15 when the output signal _V7 of the arithmetic unit 43 matches the aforementioned l=Ltanθ. Next,
The controller 42 of the linear movable diaphragm 26 receives the signal V ₃ and outputs the signal V ₈ . This output signal V ₈ activates the motor 44 as well as the detection device 45 . At this time, the detection device 45 outputs the signal V ₉ and feeds back the output signal V ₉ to the controller 42 .
Therefore, the controller 42 connects the input signal V ₃ and the detection device 4
When the output signal V ₉ of the motor 44 matches the output signal V 9 of the motor 44, a signal V ₈ that stops the rotation of the motor 44 is output. In addition, the output signal V ₀ by the S・I・D detection mentioned above and the controller 4
The output signal of 0 is input to the display device 46.
This display device 46 is displayed only after signals from both the S.I.D detection operation and the controller 40 are input. This display satisfies the conditions that the distance between the holding device of the X-ray tube 25 and the holding device of the I/I 18 is a constant distance, and the condition that the oblique entry angles of the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 are equal, and the oblique entry position is determined. is completed. Therefore, when the display device 46 displays the image, it is ready to start X-ray imaging (dotted line in the figure).

Note that the above embodiment is merely an example. That is, in the above embodiment, maintaining a certain distance between the holding device for the X-ray tube 25 and the holding device for the I/I 18 is achieved by a combination of an operating arm provided with a dog and a microswitch, but an ultrasonic device or A fixed distance can be set using an encoder or the like, and an arbitrary distance can also be set. Although the oblique entry is manually fixed at a constant angle, any oblique entry angle can be obtained by tilting the I/I 18 and the X-ray tube 25 using an electric mechanism. Furthermore, as mentioned above, in the vertical movement of the multiple pipes of the X-ray tube 25 holding device and the I/I 18 holding device, I/I1
There is no restriction that the 8 side is manual and the X-ray tube 25 side is electric; the opposite case may be used, or both devices may be manual or electric. It goes without saying that each member can be replaced with another member having the same function.

Since this invention is configured as described above, the oblique entry
The operator who performs radiography simply moves I and I to an appropriate position, and the X-ray tube follows suit, allowing the oblique radiography position to be easily obtained. In other words, the X-ray tube and the I/I are always in opposing positions when entering obliquely, which reduces the time required for positioning, and at the same time reduces the X-ray exposure dose to the patient, making it easier for the operator to operate. This will improve safety and patient safety. Incidentally, the vertical movement of the X-ray tube is driven by a motor, but by providing a clutch on this motor, it can also be moved manually, thereby simplifying the motor follow-up time and allowing quick evacuation. Furthermore, when performing oblique X-ray photography, the operator can be prevented from being exposed to X-rays by using the X-ray movable diaphragm to prevent the X-ray irradiation field from expanding due to oblique entrance. Furthermore, by selecting the oblique angle, the state of the organ being X-rayed can be diagnosed from multiple directions, which allows for a large amount of information to be obtained, enabling more accurate diagnosis and improving diagnostic performance. It has excellent effects.

Although the above embodiment describes the case where one set of X-ray tube and I/I are installed, it is also possible to perform two-direction oblique imaging (so-called biplane method) by combining it with other X-ray imaging equipment. Very effective.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, FIGS. 2a and 2b are enlarged rear views and enlarged side views showing the installation state of the I and I parts, and FIGS. b is an enlarged front view showing the installation state of the X-ray tube part;
and an enlarged side view, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the conditions for vertical motion detection of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the operating state of the device of the present invention. 1... X-ray imaging device, 2, 3... Guide rail, 5A, 5B... Moving block, 8... Operating arm, 9, 29A, 29B... Micro switch,
10A, 10B...Multiple pipes, 15, 44...
Motor, 16, 17...Holder, 18...I/I
Part, 19...Rotation fixing fitting, 20...Rotation shaft, 2
3...Supporting fork, 24A, 24B
... Ring, 25 ... X-ray tube, 26 ... X-ray movable aperture, 31A, 31B, 45 ... Detection device, 35
...Subject, 40, 41, 42, 46...Controller, 44...Arithmetic unit, O...Emission center.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of moving blocks provided to be reciprocally movable along a guide rail, a holding device provided telescopically on the pair of moving blocks, and attached to the tips of both holding devices so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. at least one set of an X-ray tube and an X-ray imaging device arranged opposite to each other; a device for maintaining a constant distance between the two holding devices; and a device attached to the holding device, the X-ray tube and the X-ray imaging device. an actuating member that operates when the angle reaches a corresponding predetermined angle; a driving member that causes the X-ray tube holding device to move up and down in accordance with the oblique entry angle when the actuating member is in operation; An X-ray imaging device comprising: a detection device that detects a vertical movement difference corresponding to a diagonal angle of the device; and a display device that displays when both of the holding devices are in a predetermined opposing position. .