JPS6342081B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention combines scrolls having involutely curved blades to perform relative rotational movement, and at that time, the volume of the volume chamber confined between the blades is reduced. Compression of gas caused by change,
It concerns a scroll-type machine that uses expansion to perform work.

[Prior art]

This type of scroll-type machine has many problems such as sealing of trapped gas and wear of the blades, making it difficult to put it into practical use.

However, recently, a sealing force generation mechanism that responds to fluid pressure has been devised, and the problems of the past have been eliminated to some extent, and it is now possible to put it into practical use.The advantages of low pulsation and low noise are It is starting to be reconsidered.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in these conventional improved mechanisms, the underlying sealing force generation mechanism using fluid pressure does not respond to fluctuations in sealing reaction force from the volume chamber.
In order to have sufficient force, it is necessary to apply more force than necessary, which increases the surface pressure of the friction parts, which can cause problems such as wear, friction loss, heat generation, vibration, and noise. It was hot.

This point will be explained in detail using FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the main parts of a scroll type machine. Now, assuming that the curved shape of this scroll blade is an involute curve developed from the radius r _g , the cross-sectional area A of the outer volume chamber of any contact point C is the phase angle from the involute winding start point to point C. If θ and the center distance between both scrolls are e, it can be calculated using the following relationship: A=πe[2r _g θ+2πr _g +e] (1). In addition, in order to satisfy the contact conditions as shown in the figure, the blade thicknesses t ₁ and t ₂ of both scrolls must satisfy the following relationship: t ₁ +t ₂ =2πr _g −2e (2). However, formula (1)
is the case when t ₁ = t ₂ , and when t ₁ ≠ t ₂ , the average value with respect to the volume chambers located at symmetrical positions becomes equation (1).

By setting the minimum phase angle at which the volume chamber of cross-sectional area A closes as θ ₀ , the volume ratio ε of the volume chamber with an arbitrary phase and the volume chamber with the minimum phase angle is as follows: ε=2r _g θ+2πr _g +e/2r _g θ ₀ +2πr _g +e……(
It can be calculated using the relationship 3).

If the pressure at the center of the scroll is p _i , the pressure p in the volume chamber of cross-sectional area A can be calculated as p=p _i /ε ^k (4). Here, k is a value obtained by adding a correction due to leakage to the ratio of constant pressure specific heat to constant pressure specific heat.

FIG. 2 shows pressure boundary lines overlaid on FIG. 1 when it is assumed that the pressure in each chamber extends to the center of the scroll blade. The pressure on the outside of the scroll is indicated by p _a , and the pressure in each chamber is indicated by p ₁ , p _{2 ,} etc. from the inside. p ₁ , p ₂ ...... can be calculated using equation (4).

The force F _t by which this pressure tries to move the orbiting scroll in a tangent direction is calculated as follows: F _t = b [(e + r _g θ) (p _i − p _a ) + 4π r _g (p ₁ −p
_a )+4πr _g (p ₂ −p _a )+...]...(5) Here, θ is the phase angle from the involute winding start point of the middlemost contact point.

Force F _s that tries to push the scroll away in the axial direction
Since the area in contact with p _a is indefinite, if this is not included, F _s = p _i [πr _g (r _g θ−t/2) ² + (πr _g ) ² (r _g θ−t
/2) /r _g +(πr _g ) ³ /3r _g +πr _g ² −2r _g e] +p ₁ [4(πr _g ) ² (r _g θ−t/2)+6(πr _g ) ³ /
r _g ]+p ₂ [4(πr _g ) ² (r _g θ+2πr _g −t/2)+6(
πr _g ) ³ / r _g ] +... ...It is calculated using the relationship (6). Here too, t ₁ = t ₂ =
It was calculated as t.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the above calculations are applied to an actual scroll type machine.

As is clear from this example, these forces vary with the rotational phase angle (i.e., the phase angle of the contacts), so in order to counteract these forces and provide a sealing force, it is necessary to exceed their maximum value. I have to give you strength.

As a result, at phase angles where these generated forces are small, the sealing force becomes excessive, causing an increase in the surface pressure of the contact portions, resulting in the problem that accidents such as wear of the contact portions are unavoidable.

The inventors conducted extensive research to solve this problem, and found that, up to a fluid operating pressure of around 10 kgf/cm ² , it is better to provide a fixed gap and manufacture it with precision, resulting in less wear and a dry coating. We came up with the idea that it would be more advantageous to use a combination of lubricants and resin coatings.

However, with the fixed clearance method, once wear occurs, efficiency immediately decreases, and in order to avoid this, the scroll member must be replaced, resulting in the hassle of replacement, lower operating rates due to stoppages for replacement, and maintenance. This may lead to an increase in costs.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional ones, prevents accidents due to excessive contact pressure, and can reliably and easily deal with poor sealing due to wear caused by providing a gap. The object of the present invention is to provide a scroll type machine that has less wear and tear and can prevent many troubles caused by wear.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides a scroll type machine comprising a casing, a fixed scroll body that can be fixed to the casing, and an orbiting scroll body that is supported on a rotating eccentric shaft and that makes an eccentric rotation movement with respect to the casing by an eccentric movement mechanism, The orbiting scroll body includes one end plate and two orbiting scroll blades each having an involute curve shape provided on both sides of the end plate in the axial direction, and the fixed scroll body includes an involute curve shape fixed to the end plate. A distant piece whose length can be adjusted by disposing two fixed scrolls provided with scroll blades at positions sandwiching both sides of the orbiting scroll body in the axial direction, with the fixed scroll blades and the orbiting scroll blades meshing with each other. The fixed scroll body is rotatably supported with respect to the casing, and is rotatably fixed to the casing at an arbitrary rotational position. The scroll-type machine is equipped with an angle adjustment device, and the rotating eccentric shaft is comprised of an eccentric shaft and a sleeve eccentrically having a shaft hole that holds the eccentric shaft relatively rotatably.

[Effect]

In the scroll-type machine of the present invention, two fixed scrolls are connected by a distant piece whose length can be adjusted so that the mutual distance in the axial direction can be adjusted to an arbitrary distance, so that the axial distance between the fixed scrolls can be adjusted. The distance between directions can be adjusted to any desired distance.

Therefore, the gap between the end face of the scroll blade and the end plate can be adjusted to any desired distance.

Further, the scroll type machine of the present invention is provided with a rotation angle adjusting device for fixing the fixed scroll body to the casing at an arbitrary rotational position, and the rotating eccentric shaft supporting the orbiting scroll body is connected to the eccentric shaft and the eccentric shaft. Since it is comprised of a sleeve having an eccentric shaft hole that holds the shaft relatively rotatably, it is possible to adjust the rotational position of the fixed scroll body and the eccentricity of the eccentric rotation movement of the orbiting scroll body.

Therefore, the gap between the fixed scroll blade and the orbiting scroll blade can be adjusted to any desired distance.

By being able to adjust the gap between the end face of the scroll blade and the end plate and the gap between the fixed scroll blade and the orbiting scroll blade to any desired distance, the optimum fixing gap is always provided, the generation of excessive sealing force is prevented, and wear is prevented. It is possible to prevent various troubles caused by wear.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 4 to 6.

A casing is formed by connecting a driving side body 3 and a back cover 4 with bolts at a required interval.

Inside the casing, three rotating shafts 2' are disposed on the same circumference and spaced apart by 120°, and are supported horizontally by the drive-side body 3 and the back cover 4. The rotating shaft 2' has a male threaded portion 31 in the center over the required length.
A female threaded eccentric member is screwed into this portion to form an eccentric shaft 25. The eccentric shaft 25 is fitted with a sleeve having an eccentric shaft hole that holds the eccentric shaft 25 relatively rotatably, that is, an eccentric sleeve 27, and the eccentric shaft 25 and the eccentric sleeve 27 form the rotating eccentric shaft 2. ing. Therefore, the amount of eccentricity of the rotating eccentric shaft 2 can be changed to an arbitrary value by changing the relative rotation angle between the eccentric shaft 25 and the eccentric sleeve 27. Therefore, in order to fix the two with a required amount of eccentricity, a sleeve fixing device is provided that sandwiches the eccentric sleeve 27 from both sides in the axial direction and fixes the eccentric shaft 25 and the eccentric sleeve 27 to each other at an arbitrary rotational position.

In this embodiment, the outer circumference of the eccentric shaft 25 has a male threaded portion 2.
6, the inner peripheral part of the eccentric sleeve 27 is formed into a female threaded part 26' so that they are screwed together and connected to each other, and the male threaded part 31 of the rotating shaft 2' on both sides of the eccentric shaft 25 has a female threaded part 26'. Preventive nuts 28 and 29 are respectively screwed together as sleeve fixing devices.

A drive gear 16 that meshes with a drive gear 16 provided on the main shaft 17 is provided at the end of each rotating shaft 2' projecting from the drive side body 3.

An orbiting scroll body 1 is disposed so as to be supported by the rotating eccentric shafts 2, 2, 2.

The orbiting scroll body 1 consists of an end plate 5 and scroll blades 6, 6 which are integrally provided on both sides of the end plate 5 in the axial direction, and three bearings 32 provided on the steel plate 5 are used to rotate the rotating eccentric shafts 2, 2, 2. The rotary eccentric shafts 2, 2, and 2 are supported so that eccentric rotation of the rotating eccentric shafts 2, 2, 2 can provide a turning motion that satisfies the conditions for a scroll machine.

On both sides of the orbiting scroll body 1 in the axial direction, fixed scrolls 9 and 10 have their fixed scroll blades 7 and 7 engaged with orbiting scroll blades 6 and 6, and the orbiting scroll body 1 and the fixed scrolls 9 and 1
0 to constitute a volume chamber as a scroll machine.

Each of the fixed scrolls 9 and 10 consists of an end plate 8 and a fixed scroll blade 7 that are integrally formed, and a distant piece 1 whose length is adjustable.
1, the scroll members are connected to each other with the axial distance being adjustable at an arbitrary interval, thereby forming a fixed scroll body.

In this embodiment, the distant piece 11 is formed of a threaded sleeve 20 and a female threaded sleeve 21, and a tightening bolt 22 is inserted into both sleeves 20 and 21 which are threadedly connected. The length is adjusted by adjusting the joining depth, and the distant piece 11 is attached to the fixed scroll 9,
The fixed scrolls 9, 10 are fixed by screwing nuts 23, 23 onto both ends of the tightening bolt 22 while sandwiching them between the fixed scrolls 9, 10.
It connects.

On both the front and back sides of the fixed scroll body, that is, on the front side of the fixed scroll 9 and the back side of the fixed scroll 10, a cylindrical protrusion in which a concentric holding chamber 12 is formed as a concave portion is formed concentrically with the fixed scroll body, and the corresponding drive side body 3 A recess is provided on the back side of the camera and on the front side of the back cover 4 to rotatably support the protrusion. Further, the rotating shafts 2', 2', 2' are inserted through the end plates 8, 8 of the fixed scrolls 9, 10, and the insertion holes have a required clearance in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the fixed scroll body is attached to the casing so as to be rotatable by an angle corresponding to the size of the clearance relative to the casing. Note that seals are provided between the protrusion of the fixed scroll body and the recesses of the drive-side body 3 and back cover 4 in order to guide the same pressure inside the machine to the concentric holding chambers 12, 12 and balance the axial force. A device 13 is provided in which the fixed scroll body is attached to the casing in a slightly axially movable and rotatable manner.

The center side of the volume chamber formed by the orbiting scroll body 1 and the fixed scroll body is
The through hole provided in the center of the end plate 5 of the fixed scroll 10, the through hole provided in the center of the end plate 8 of the fixed scroll 10, and the concentric holding chamber 12 communicate with the central opening 19 provided in the back cover 4, and the volume chamber The outer circumferential side communicates with an outer circumferential opening 18 provided in a cylindrical outer cover 24 provided between the drive side body 3 and the back cover 4 so as to cover both scroll bodies.

Further, in order to adjust the phase angle between the fixed scroll body and the orbiting scroll body 1, the scroll machine is provided with a rotation angle adjustment device that fixes the fixed scroll body to the casing at an arbitrary rotation position. There is. In this embodiment, the center of the fixed scroll 9 is keyed to one end of the rotating shaft 14 which freely passes through the center through hole of the end plate 5 of the orbiting scroll body 1 and the center through hole of the end plate 8 of the fixed scroll 10. , a rotation angle adjusting device is used in which a lever 15 is connected to the other end of the back cover 4 that projects outside the casing, and adjustment is made by rotating the lever 15. The lever 15 is rotated and fixed by the lever 15.
The tip of the U-shaped member 29 fixed to the back cover 4 is held between a pair of screws 30, 30 which are attached oppositely to each other, and adjustment is performed by adjusting the screws 30, 30. In addition, for example, a link is connected to the outer periphery of the end plate 8 of the fixed scroll 10, and this link applies a tangential force to the fixed scroll 10 to make it rotate, and the link is fixed at a required rotation angle to fix the fixed scroll. The body 10 may also be fixed relative to the casing.

Alternatively, instead of connecting the eccentric shaft 2 to the main shaft 17 using the drive gear 16, an eccentric portion may be provided on the axis of the main shaft 17 and connected to the orbiting scroll body 1, and a rotation stopper may be provided separately on the orbiting scroll body 1. good. In this figure, this structure is shown as an example of easy adjustment, and is merely an example.

Now, by driving the main shaft 17, the scroll type machine draws fluid sucked in from the outer peripheral port 18.
Either send it out to the central port 19 and act as a compressor, or
The fluid sent from the central port 19 is sent out to the outer peripheral port 18 while expanding, thereby causing the main shaft 1
7, it generates rotational force and functions as a scroll-type machine, such as acting as an expander.

At this time, a certain gap is provided between the end face of the scroll blade and the mirror plate by setting the length of the distant piece 11, and the scroll blades are separated from each other by making a difference in the values on both sides of equation (2). Since they engage with each other through a certain gap, there are fewer problems such as wear, friction loss, vibration, and noise.

Next, the adjustment when the gap increases will be explained.

First, the gap between the scroll blade end face and the end plate is determined by adjusting the length of the distant piece 11 to determine the gap between the fixed scrolls 9 and 10. That is, the length of the distant piece 11 will be shortened by loosening the nut 23 and deepening the threading depth between the male threaded sleeve 20 and the female threaded sleeve 21. good. If the outer circumferential cover 24 has a structure that can be easily removed, this adjustment can be easily performed even after the machine is assembled.

Next, the gap between the scroll blades is adjusted. This is done by adjusting the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric rotation movement of the orbiting scroll body 1, that is, the amount of eccentricity of the rotating eccentric shaft 2, and at the same time adjusting the rotational position of the fixed scroll body. It must be made. That is, when adjusting the amount of eccentricity of the orbiting scroll body 1, the relative phase angle between the fixed scrolls 9, 10 and the orbiting scroll body 1 also changes, so the rotation angle adjustment device of the fixed scroll body is temporarily released and the amount of eccentricity is adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, the fixed scroll body must be fixed again in the new rotational position.

Therefore, when the blades start to wear out, the fixing gap can be kept constant by first retracting the screws 30, 30 to release the fixation of the lever 15, and then increasing the eccentricity e according to the relationship in equation (2). be able to. If the rotation angle of the eccentric sleeve 27 with respect to the eccentric shaft 25 is changed, e.g.
The amount of eccentricity changes as e′ changes.
Therefore, the eccentric sleeve 27 may be adjusted to the required amount of eccentricity by loosening the rotation locking nuts 28, 28 and rotating the eccentric sleeve 27 by a required rotation angle, and then being fixed by tightening the rotation locking nuts 28, 28.

In this embodiment, since the rotating eccentric shafts 2, 2, 2 are installed near the outer periphery of the orbiting scroll body 1, if the outer periphery cover 24 is structured so that it can be easily removed,
Like the adjustment of the distant piece 11, this adjustment can also be carried out easily after machine assembly.

When the working fluid is air and the fluid pressure at the outer peripheral port 18 is atmospheric pressure, the outer peripheral cover 24
is not necessarily necessary.

Detection of wear amount and gap can be easily realized by a method such as attaching a non-contact displacement meter to the fixed scroll. In addition, a stepping motor installed outside or inside the machine uses a rotation angle adjustment device to adjust the gap, a coupling mechanism using the distant piece 11, and a mechanism for changing the amount of eccentricity using links and gears. It is also possible to automatically control the adjustment. Furthermore, it is also possible to implement a method in which the pressure of the working fluid is detected and the clearance adjustment is controlled by a computer.

Even with such complex control, the gap acts as a fixed gap, so no excessive sealing force is generated due to changes in internal pressure, and the fixed gap is always interposed between the contact parts, reducing wear. ,and,
The necessary leaktight properties are adjusted to be sufficient.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention provides a scroll type machine comprising a casing, a fixed scroll body that can be fixed to the casing, and an orbiting scroll body that is supported on a rotating eccentric shaft and that makes an eccentric rotation movement with respect to the casing by an eccentric movement mechanism, The orbiting scroll body includes one end plate and two orbiting scroll blades each having an involute curve shape provided on both sides of the end plate in the axial direction, and the fixed scroll body includes an involute curve shape fixed to the end plate. A distant piece whose length can be adjusted by disposing two fixed scrolls provided with scroll blades at positions sandwiching both sides of the orbiting scroll body in the axial direction, with the fixed scroll blades and the orbiting scroll blades meshing with each other. The fixed scroll body is rotatably supported with respect to the casing, and is rotatably fixed to the casing at an arbitrary rotational position. The rotary eccentric shaft is provided with an angle adjustment device, and the rotary eccentric shaft is composed of an eccentric shaft and a sleeve having an eccentric shaft hole that holds the eccentric shaft relatively rotatably, so that the gap between the fixed scroll blade and the orbiting scroll blade is reduced. The gap between the end face of the blade and the end plate can be easily and reliably adjusted, always providing the optimum fixing gap, preventing the generation of excessive sealing force, reducing wear, and preventing various troubles caused by wear. In addition, it has extremely great practical effects, such as lowering the precision required for machining and assembly, and making machining and assembly easier.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axis to explain the operation of the scroll blade, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the pressure distribution during operation of the scroll blade shown in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is the tangential force acting on the orbiting scroll. Graph showing an example of theoretically calculated values of F _t and fixed blade displacement force F _s , 4th
Figures 4 to 6 show embodiments of the invention, and Figures 4a and b
4c is a back view, FIG. 5 is a detailed sectional view of the distant piece, FIG. 6a is a detailed sectional view of the rotating eccentric shaft, and FIG. 6b is a detailed sectional view of the rotating eccentric shaft. FIG. 1... Orbiting scroll body, 2... Rotating eccentric shaft,
2'...Rotating shaft, 3...Drive side body, 4...Back cover,
5...End plate, 6...Orbiting scroll blade, 7...
Fixed scroll blade, 8... End plate, 9... Fixed scroll, 10... Fixed scroll, 11... Distant piece, 12... Concentric holding chamber, 13...
... Sealing device, 14 ... Rotating shaft, 15 ... Lever,
16... Drive gear, 17... Main shaft, 18... Outer opening, 19... Center opening, 20... Male thread sleeve,
21... Female threaded sleeve, 22... Tightening bolt,
23...nut, 24...outer cover, 25...
Eccentric shaft, 26...Male thread part, 26'...Female thread part,
27... Eccentric sleeve, 28... Anti-rotation nut, 29... U-shaped member, 30... Screw, 31...
...Male thread part, 32...Bearing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A casing, a fixed scroll body that can be fixed to the casing, and a scroll body supported on a rotating eccentric shaft,
In a scroll-type machine comprising an orbiting scroll body that makes an eccentric orbiting motion with respect to the casing by an eccentric movement mechanism, the orbiting scroll body:
The fixed scroll body is composed of one end plate and two orbiting scroll blades each having an involute curve shape and provided on both sides of the end plate in the axial direction. A fixed scroll is disposed at a position sandwiching both axial sides of the orbiting scroll body so that the fixed scroll blade and the orbiting scroll blade are engaged with each other, and a distance between the fixed scroll blades and the orbiting scroll blade in the axial direction is adjusted by a distant piece whose length is adjustable. are connected to each other so as to be adjustable at an arbitrary interval, are rotatably supported with respect to the casing, and include a rotation angle adjustment device for fixing the fixed scroll body to the casing at an arbitrary rotational position, A scroll-type machine characterized in that the rotating eccentric shaft comprises an eccentric shaft and a sleeve having an eccentric shaft hole for holding the eccentric shaft so as to be relatively rotatable.