JPS6341722Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a controllable high voltage switch suitable for opening and closing high voltage, and particularly provides a high voltage switch that is compact and can be opened and closed at high speed.

In general, in high-voltage devices such as electrostatic equipment, there are cases where it is desired to instantly drop the high-voltage circuit portion to the ground potential. A wide variety of mechanical switches and electrical switches have been used as such switches to date, but mechanical switches have a short distance between the high-voltage side contact and the low-voltage side contact in order to ensure electrical insulation between these contacts. It was necessary to increase the distance between the two. Therefore, the switch is large and the distance between the contacts is large, resulting in a slow operating speed. In addition, electrical switches such as Triggertrons have a fast operating speed, but have the disadvantage that residual voltage appears on the high voltage side, so none of them have been satisfactory.

In order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional switch as described above, the present invention reduces the distance between the two fixed electrodes by shaping them so that electric field concentration does not occur, and also drives these electrodes. The present invention is characterized in that by driving a lightweight short-circuiting electrode that is electrically connected to the one electrode in a fixed state, the high-voltage and low-voltage side electrodes are short-circuited or cut off at high speed.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, a fixed electrode 1 on the high voltage side and a fixed electrode 2 on the low voltage side face each other at a distance that is about 5% to 10% larger than the minimum distance that does not cause substantial discharge between these electrodes. The opposing surfaces 1a and 2a of both electrodes are formed to have a substantially spherical shape. The high-voltage side electrode 1 is attached to one tip of a metal support 3, and this metal support 3 is a sealing member that seals one end of an insulating cylindrical body 4 that constitutes the main part of the container. The other end portion is led out to the outside through the lead-out hole of the member 5. The metal support 3 is adapted to be screwed together with the sealing member 5 in the lead-out hole, and a driver groove 3a is provided at the other end led out to the outside. Therefore, by rotating the metal support 3 in either direction using the driver groove 3a, the support 3 moves forward or backward along the lead-out hole of the sealing member 5, and in this way, the support 3 is aligned with its axis. The distance between the electrodes 1 and 2 is adjusted by rotating the electrode from the outside around the center. Here, the exposed portion of the pillar 3 is also used as a high voltage side lead-out terminal.

Next, the low voltage side electrode 2 has a through hole 2b in the center of its opposing surface 2a, through which a rod-shaped shorting electrode 6 can be inserted. This short circuit electrode 6 is
Hollow portion 7a of metal support 7 supporting low voltage side electrode 2
is inserted into the movable shaft 9 of the solenoid 8. In the open state, the spring 10 pushes the hollow part 7 of the metal support 7 so that the tip of the short-circuiting electrode 6 is held at approximately the same level as the opposing surface of the low-voltage side electrode 2.
It is located within a. and the metal support 7
is fixed to the mounting member 11a of the sealing member 11 that seals the other open end of the insulating cylinder 4, and the solenoid 8 is fixed to the surface of the mounting member 11a opposite to the surface on which the support column 7 is fixed. has been done. The movable shaft 9 of the solenoid extends into the cavity 7a of the support column 7 through a hole provided in the attachment member 11a of the sealing member 11, and a movable plate 9a is fixed to the other end. The sealing member 11 also serves as a fixture for fixing the switch of this structure to other members. Note that 12 indicates a highly insulating gas such as sulfur hexafluoride SF ₆ filled in the switch container.

Next, the operation of this switch will be explained. Now, when the solenoid 8 is not energized, the short-circuiting electrode 6 is held by the spring 10 so that its tip is approximately at the same level as the opposing surface 2a of the low-voltage side electrode 2. In this state, the opposing surfaces 1a and 2a of the electrodes 1 and 2 have good spherical surfaces, so when a high voltage is applied between the two electrodes, there is almost no disturbance in the electric field formed between these electrodes. A uniform electric field is formed. Therefore, in this state, the insulation strength is maximum with the same distance between the electrodes, and this shows that the same voltage can be insulated with the minimum distance between the electrodes. In other words, the distance between the high-voltage side electrode 1 and the low-voltage side electrode 2 can be set to the minimum for a certain voltage, and therefore, the switch can be made smaller by reducing the distance between the electrodes, and at the same time, the required opening/closing time can be shortened.

Next, when an electric signal such as a pulse current is applied from the outside to the solenoid 8 to energize it, the movable plate 9a is instantly attracted to the solenoid 8, and the solenoid movable shaft 9 is driven in the direction of the arrow. Accordingly, the short-circuiting electrode 6 rapidly flies out toward the high-voltage side electrode 1 and collides with the high-voltage side electrode 1 within an instant. To explain this process in more detail, the solenoid movable shaft 9
When the short-circuit electrode 6 protrudes slightly from the spherical surface of the low-voltage side electrode 2 as the short-circuit electrode 6 is driven, an electric field is concentrated at the tip of the short-circuit electrode 6 and a spark is generated between the short-circuit electrode 6 and the high-voltage side electrode 1. , at this point the high voltage side electrode 1
drops to a low voltage. A short time later, the shorting electrode 6 comes into contact with the high voltage side electrode 1 to mechanically short-circuit both electrodes, thereby sufficiently grounding the high voltage side electrode 1.

According to such a structure, electrodes 1 and 2 are fixed so that a substantially uniform electric field is formed between them, and a short-circuiting electrode that is sufficiently smaller and lighter than these electrodes can be used. Since only the electrode 6 is driven, the shorting electrode 6 can be operated at high speed with a small driving power, and when the shorting electrode 6 slightly protrudes from the surface of the low voltage side electrode 2, the two electrodes are electrically shorted. Therefore, it is possible to short-circuit both electrodes in an even shorter time. In addition, the distance between the electrodes 1 and 2 can be easily adjusted from the outside, and in practice, discharge occurs between the high voltage side electrode 1 and the shorting electrode 6, and especially at the tip of the shorting electrode 6. Since only electric field concentration occurs, if a metal with good heat resistance such as tungsten is used only for the short-circuiting electrode 6, the life of the entire switch can be sufficiently extended.

Next, FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the electrode part of the switch according to the present invention, in which the opposing surface 1 of the high voltage side electrode 1
a. The facing surfaces 2a of the low-voltage side electrodes 2 are each flat, but their periphery is a spherical surface, so that electric field concentration is difficult to occur. These electrodes 1 and 2 are supported by metal supports 3 and 7 at approximately the center thereof, and the low voltage side electrode 2 is provided with a through hole 2b. A shorting electrode 6 is provided along the metal support 7 supporting the low voltage side electrode 2,
The tip thereof is located within the through hole 2b of the electrode 2, so as not to disturb the electric field formed between the electrodes 1 and 2. With such a structure, an inexpensive electrode can be obtained. In each of the above embodiments, a shorting electrode was provided on the low voltage side, but if necessary, a shorting electrode may be provided on the high voltage side, that is, the high and low voltage sides may be reversed. Of course, a high voltage is applied to both electrodes, and it can also be used as a normal high voltage switch that opens and closes this high voltage. Furthermore, if the switch is arranged in the state shown in FIG. 1, that is, in such a state that the short-circuiting electrode 6 protrudes upward from below, the spring 10 is not necessary since the short-circuiting electrode 6 will fall under its own weight when the circuit is cut off. Therefore, the driving force of the solenoid 8 can be reduced by the energy corresponding to the elastic force of the spring 10.

As described above, according to the present invention, two electrodes with a shape that makes it difficult to cause electric field concentration are arranged facing each other with a distance slightly larger than the minimum distance at which no discharge occurs, and the electrodes are lightweight compared to such electrodes. The gap between both electrodes is closed or opened by making the short-circuiting electrode protrude toward the other electrode through a through-hole provided in one electrode, or by pulling it into the through-hole. It has great practical effects, such as being able to extremely shorten the time required, making it more compact, and being able to manufacture a product with a long lifespan at a relatively low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the high voltage switch according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the electrode portion of the high voltage switch according to the present invention. 1, 2... Fixed electrode, 3, 7... Metal support,
4... Insulating cylindrical body, 5, 11... Sealing member, 6
...Short circuit electrode, 8...Solenoid, 9...Solenoid movable shaft, 12...Insulating gas.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] In order to prevent electric field concentration from occurring, the opposing surfaces or the periphery of the opposing surfaces are formed into a substantially spherical shape, and the distance between the opposing surfaces is small so that they face each other in a sealed insulating medium. at least two fixed electrodes arranged and fixed; a through hole formed in one of these fixed electrodes so as to extend to the surface of the opposing surface; a short-circuiting electrode that is sufficiently smaller and lighter than these fixed electrodes and electrically coupled to the one fixed electrode that protrudes from the opposing surface of the fixed electrode toward the opposing surface of the other fixed electrode; By driving the short-circuiting electrode in a fixed state without driving the short-circuiting electrode, the short-circuiting electrode comes into contact with the other fixed electrode, thereby sufficiently short-circuiting between both the fixed electrodes. Controllable high voltage switch.