JPS6341683B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic chuck pawl changing device that automatically replaces the chuck pawl that grips a workpiece with a pawl that corresponds to the grasping diameter of the workpiece.

For conventional chucks, the shape of the workpiece,
When it becomes necessary to replace a chuck in response to a change in dimensions, the worker either replaces the chuck or replaces the chuck itself, and replacing the chuck requires a lot of effort and time, reducing productivity. The reality is that it is declining. Therefore, in order to automate the exchange of the claws, the middle part of the exchange arm is rotatably supported between the chuck and the jaw storage magazine, as in a general tool changer, and both ends of the exchange arm are rotatably supported. A device has been proposed in which the chuck claws and the claws of the claw storage magazine are grasped and replaced by a gripper provided in the section, but such a replacement device requires a complicated structure of the replacement arm and the gripper part. This increases the cost, and requires a large space between the chuck and the jaw storage magazine for changing the jaws, which increases the size of the device.Furthermore, the gripper part is located above the chuck.
There was a problem in that the gripper part was exposed to chips and cutting oil from cutting, making it easy to insert the claws incorrectly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides an automatic chuck pawl changing device that can reliably automatically replace chuck pawls and is simple and compact.

Next, embodiments of the present application will be described based on the drawings. In the drawing, 1 is a well-known machine tool, such as an NC lathe, 2 is its machine base, and 3 is a main spindle, and an automatic chuck pawl changing device 4 is implemented in this machine tool. Next, this automatic chuck pawl changing device 4 will be explained. Reference numeral 5 denotes a quick change chuck, the chuck body 6 of which is integrally attached to the front end of the main shaft 3. As shown in FIG. 2, a wedge piece 7 is fitted into the center of the chuck body 6 so as to be slidable in the direction of the rotational axis of the chuck body 6.
This wedge piece 7 is connected by a bolt 9 to a drawbar (not shown) which is connected to a piston rod of a rotating cylinder 8 attached to the rear end of the main shaft 3. Further, radial sliding grooves 10 and 11 are formed in the chuck body 6 (three grooves are shown in the drawings, but the number is not limited).
A slider member 12 and a sliding portion 13a of a pawl 13 are fitted inside the slider member 12 so as to be slidable in the radial direction, and a wedge portion 1 having a T-shaped cross section is formed at the center of the slider member 12.
2a is fitted into a wedge groove 7a formed in the wedge piece 7 and having a T-shaped cross section. In addition, the slider member 1
As shown in FIG. 5, a positioning hole 12b for positioning is formed on the outer periphery of 2. As shown in FIG. The pawl 13 is formed with a locking portion 14 for changing the pawl. This locking portion 14 is constructed by integrally providing an overhanging piece 16 extending toward the rear side of the pawl 13 at the tip of a rising portion 15 that rises in the sliding direction from the outer end surface of the pawl 13 on the sliding direction side. . Note that the locking portion 14 may be configured by providing a projecting piece 16 so as to project forward. Further, a rack tooth 17 is formed on the rear surface of the pawl 13, and the rack tooth 17 can be engaged with and disengaged from the slide member 12 by a pawl engaging device 18, which will be described below. This pawl engagement device 18
The engaging member 19 is fitted within the slider member 12 so as to be slidable only in the front-rear direction, and the operating pin 20 is fitted within the sliding member 12 so as to be able to move only in the radial direction. Rack teeth 21 are formed on the front surface of this meshing member 19, and these rack teeth 21 are adapted to be engaged with the rack teeth 17 of the pawl 13 by the spring force of a biasing spring 22. The engaging member 19 and the operating pin 20 are engaged with each other by engagement surfaces that are inclined with respect to the sliding direction, and when the operating pin 20 is pushed in from the outer circumferential side and moved toward the center of the chuck body 6. The meshing member 19 is slid backward against the biasing spring 22, and the lock teeth 21 are moved against the lock teeth 17.
When the operation pin 20 is moved back to its original position, the engaging member 19 is slid forward by the biasing spring 22 to a position where the rack teeth 21 are engaged with the rack teeth 17. It is now being moved to A set pin 23 is fitted into the meshing member 19 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction, and this set pin 23 is urged forward by a spring 24 and is prevented from coming out by a pin 25. The tip of 23 is adapted to be engaged with the lock tooth 17 of the pawl 13. The quick change chuck 5 configured as described above moves the sliding groove 11 of the chuck body 6 to a predetermined pawl exchange position A (in the figure, the upper part of the center of rotation is shown) by the action of an NC device (not shown). (Although it can be placed in any position, such as diagonally above, horizontally, or below the center of rotation.)
It is configured so that it can be determined and stopped.

Next, 28 is a guide part in the front-rear direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 2) formed on the upper part of the machine base 2, and 29 is a table fitted to this guide part 28 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction. Forward and backward motion cylinder 3 fixed on stand 2
0 longitudinal piston rods 30b are connected. Further, a stopper bolt 31 is screwed into the table 29 so as to be adjustable back and forth and is fixed by a lock nut 32.
The forward end of the table 29 is positioned by coming into contact with the table 29. The head side end of the cylinder body 34a of the lifting cylinder 34 is fixed onto the table 29 with a mounting bolt 35, and its piston rod 34b is directed upward. The cylinder body 34a of the elevating cylinder 34 consists of a tube member 36a and a lid member 36b, and a supply/discharge pipe 37 that protrudes into the tube member 36a is fixed to the center of the lid member 36b. It is fitted into the fitting holes 38 of the piston 34c and piston rod 34b. This supply and discharge pipe 37 is formed with a supply and discharge hole 40 for supplying and discharging pressure oil to the upper piston chamber through the communication hole 39, and the cover member 36b
A supply and discharge hole 41 for supplying and discharging pressure oil to the lower piston chamber is formed in the lower piston chamber. The tube member 36a
A display shaft 42 having a dog 42a is planted on the upper end surface of the display shaft 42, and this display shaft 42 protrudes through an elevator frame which will be described later. Further, a sliding hole 44 formed in the shaft portion 43a of a shaft member 43 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the tube member 36a so as to be vertically slidable while being prevented from rotating by a key 45. Part 4
The tip of the piston rod 34b is connected to the upper end of the piston rod 3a. A support frame 46 is integrally attached to the shaft portion 43a of the shaft member 43, and the support frame 46 and the shaft member 43 constitute an elevating frame 47. Limit switches 48 and 49 are attached to the support frame 46 above the shaft member 43, respectively. One limit switch 48 is adapted to detect the dog 42a of the display shaft 42 when the lifting frame 47 is raised to the highest level by the lifting cylinder 34, and the other limit switch 49 is adapted to detect the dog 42a when the lifting frame 47 is lowered to the lowest position. The upper end surface of the tube member 36a is detected via a detection rod 49a. The mounting shaft 49b of the limit switch 49 is screwed into the lifting frame 47 in a vertically adjustable manner and is fixed by a lock nut 49c. It is designed to position the descending end of.

Next, 50 is the quick change check 5 mentioned above.
This is a nail storage magazine for storing a large number of nails 13 to be replaced with the nails 13 of. In this claw storage magazine 50, 51 is a rotating body having a circular planar shape, and a hole 52 formed in the center thereof is rotatably fitted into the shaft portion 43a of the shaft member 43.
The axis of rotation of this rotating body 51 is the sliding groove 11 at the pawl exchange position A in the quick change chuck 5.
It is set parallel to the sliding direction of.
On the outer periphery of the rotating body 51, a large number of holders 53 are provided at equal pitches and can hold the sliding portion 13a of the claw 13 that can be fitted into the sliding groove 11 so as to be removable in the sliding direction. . This holder 53 locks and holds the pawl 13 fitted in the vertical holding groove 54 formed on the outer periphery of the rotating body 51 so that the sliding portion 13a of the pawl 13 can fit therein. It is composed of a holder 55. This retainer 55 is composed of two locking pins 55a that are embedded in the bottom of the retaining groove 54 so as to be freely protruding and retractable, are urged in the projecting direction by a spring 56, and are prevented from coming off by a pin 57. However, it may also be composed of a gripping piece or the like that is moved by a cylinder or the like. The tips of these locking pins 55a are formed in a chevron shape when viewed from the side, similar to the set pin 23 of the quick change chuck 5, and when the pawl 13 is inserted into or removed from the holding groove 54, the lock teeth 17 of the pawl 13 It's starting to get pushed in. The sliding portion 13a of the replacement pawl 13 is fitted into the holding groove 54, and is held in place by a locking pin 55a. A gear 58 is formed on the rotating body 51, and a driving gear 60 attached to a rotating shaft 59a of a motor 59 fixed to the support frame 46 is meshed with the gear 58. Dogs 61 and 62 are fixed to the lower side of the rotating body 51 in correspondence with the required holders 53, and a limit switch 63 for deceleration detects one dog 61 and a limit switch 63 for stopping detects the other dog 62. A limit switch 64 is sequentially attached to the lower end of the shaft member 43.

When the limit switch 63 detects the dog 61, the motor 59 is switched to decelerated rotation, and when the limit switch 64 detects the dog 62, the motor 59 is switched to a decelerated rotation mode.
9 is stopped, thereby each holder 53
The retaining groove 54 is located at a predetermined position located on the extension line of the sliding groove 11 at the pawl exchange position A when the table 29 is positioned at the forward end and the elevating frame 47 is lowered to the lower end (hereinafter referred to as the exchange work position). It is designed to index and stop at the pawl replacement position B.

Next, 65 is an exchange device for exchanging the pawls 13 from the sliding groove 11 at the pawl exchange position A to the holder 53 at the pawl exchange position B, or from this holder 53 to the sliding groove 11, respectively. It is composed of a guide block 66 and a pawl moving device 67 as shown. The guide block 66 is connected to the shaft member 43.
is fixed to the lower end of the This guide block 66 has these sliding grooves 11 and holding grooves 54 in a portion located between the sliding groove 11 at the pawl exchange position A and the holder 53 at the pawl exchange position B in the replacement work position. Guide groove 6 substantially continuous in a straight line
8 is formed. This guide groove 68 is similar to the sliding groove 11 and the holding groove 54 in the sliding part 1 of the claw 13.
3a is formed in a cross-sectional shape capable of guiding the upper part,
The lower end portion is formed to be slightly wider toward the tip so that the claw 13 can be easily guided into the guide groove 68. The guide groove 68 is preferably set to have at least the same length as the sliding portion 13a of the claw 13 so that the sliding portion 13a of the claw 13 can be stably guided over approximately the entire length. Next, in the claw moving device 67,
Reference numeral 69 denotes a moving cylinder fixed to the support frame 46, and its piston rod 70 is positioned above the holder 53 at the pawl exchange position B so as to protrude downward. This piston rod 7
A movable body 71 is fixed to the tip of the movable body 71, and a locking piece 74 and an operating piece 7 are inserted into two guide grooves 72 and 73 in the front and rear directions formed on this movable body 71 as shown in FIG.
5 are fitted together so as to be movable in the front and rear directions.
Both ends of a link 76 whose intermediate portion is pivotally connected to the movable body 71 are connected to the locking piece 74 and the operation piece 75 by pins, respectively. Further, the operating piece 75 is biased rearward by a spring 77 that is pressurized between it and the movable body 75, and is prevented from coming out by the stop portion 74b of the locking piece 74 coming into contact with the movable body 71. and
Normally, the operating part 75a of the operating piece 75 projects rearward, and the engaging part 74a of the locking piece 74 projects forward.
The engaging portion 74a of the locking piece 74 is connected to the piston rod 7 of the moving cylinder 69 in the replacement work position.
0 is moved to the lowest end as shown in FIG. 8, the piston rod 70 is located between the protruding piece 14 of the claw 13 at the claw exchange position A and the claw end surface, and when the piston rod 70 is moved to the uppermost end, Claw 13 at claw replacement position B
It is designed to be located between the overhanging piece 14 and the end face of the claw. Further, the operating portion 75a of the operating piece 75 is moved through passage grooves 78 and 79 formed at the bottom of the holding groove 54 and the guide groove 68. Passage groove 79 of this guide block 66
An operation guide piece 80 that is held movably in the front-back direction by a guide block 66 is disposed inside. This operation guide piece 80 is adapted to be moved back and forth by a claw release cylinder which will be described later. This operation guide piece 80 is connected to the claw moving cylinder 6.
When the piston rod 70 of No. 9 is lowered, it is moved to the forward end as shown in FIG. This moves the engaging portion 74a of the locking piece 74 to the rear of the protruding piece 14 of the pawl 13 at the pawl exchange position A, and when the piston rod 70 is located at the lower end, As shown in Figure 8, it is moved to the reverse end,
As a result, the forward guidance of the operating piece 75 is released, and the engaging portion 74a of the locking piece 74 can be inserted from the rear side between the overhanging piece 14 of the pawl 13 at the pawl exchange position A and the pawl end surface. It's becoming like that. Note that the operating portion 75a is composed of a pin, and a guide groove for guiding the pin is formed in the operating guide piece 80.
0 may forcibly move the operating piece 75 back and forth. Further, a stopper shaft 100 is screwed onto the moving body 71, and the stopper shaft 100 is inserted through a hole 101 formed in the flange portion 69a of the moving cylinder 69. This stopper shaft 100 has nuts 102 and 103 for positioning the lower end and the upper end of the piston rod 70.
are screwed together.

Next, 81 is the quick change check 5.
The slide member 12 and the claw 1 are connected by operating the claw engaging device 18 of the slider member 12 and the claw 1.
This is a claw release device for disengaging from the engagement with 3.
In this claw removing device 81, 82 is a claw removing cylinder, and a piston 82b is fitted in a piston chamber 82a formed in the guide block 66 so as to be movable up and down.
It is constructed by connecting. This declawing cylinder 82 also serves as a positioning cylinder, and its piston rod 84 is directed approximately toward the center of the chuck. A mounting piece 85 is fixed to the piston rod 84, and a hollow cylindrical pressing pin 86 is protruded from the mounting piece 85 as shown in FIG. This pressing pin 86 is positioned in the replacement work position so as to face the end surface of the operating pin 20 of the claw 13 at the claw replacing position A, and when the piston rod 84 of the claw removing cylinder 82 is moved to the lower end, this operating pin 20 is moved toward the center of the chuck to move the meshing member 19 to a rearward position where its rack teeth 21 do not engage with the rack teeth 17 of the pawl 13. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, a positioning pin 87 for positioning the claw 13 at the claw replacement position A is provided on the mounting piece 85 in a protruding manner. This positioning pin 87 is inserted into the positioning hole 12b of the slider member 12 at the claw replacement position A in the replacement work position.
When the piston rod 84 is moved to the lower end, the positioning pin 87 is fitted into the positioning hole 12b and the slider member 1
2 at a predetermined index position. The above positioning pin 87 and positioning hole 1
2b constitutes a positioning device together with the claw removing cylinder 82. Further, an indicator rod 88 is fixed to the mounting piece 85 as shown in FIG. 5, and the dogs 89 and 90 fixed to the indicator rod 88 operate a limit switch (not shown) fixed to the guide block 66. By doing so, the upper and lower ends of the piston rod 84 can be detected.
A guide tube 91 fixed to the guide block 66 is inserted into the hollow hole 86a of the pressing pin 86.
The pressing pin 86 and the positioning pin 87 are prevented from rotating about the piston rod 84. Furthermore, an inclined groove 92 with a T-shaped cross section is formed in the mounting piece 85, and an inclined part 93 with a T-shaped cross section formed at the rear end of the operation guide piece 80 is fitted into this inclined groove 92. There is.

Next, reference numeral 94 is an engagement confirmation device for detecting whether the return movement of the operating pin 20 has been reliably performed when the pushing of the operating pin 20 by the claw removing device 81 is released; Pipe hole 91a
It is constituted by a proximity switch 95 provided inside. This proximity switch 95 can detect the operating pin 20 when the operating pin 20 is located at the return position in the replacement work position, but when the operating pin 20 is pushed by the pressing pin 86, the operating pin 20 is detected. The position is set so that it cannot be detected. Note that 96 is a cover attached to the front end of the support frame 46, and a proximity switch 9 is provided at the lower end for detecting the presence of the claw 13 at the claw replacement position A.
7 is installed. Further, a proximity switch 98 is attached to the front end of the shaft member 43 for detecting the presence of the claw 13 at the claw replacement position B.

Next, in the machine tool 1 having the above configuration, the claw 13 of the quick change chuck 5 is inserted into the claw storage magazine 5.
The operation when replacing the pawl 13 with the No. 0 pawl 13 will be explained. First, when a command to change the jaws is sent from a separate command device due to a change in the workpiece, etc., the rotation of the spindle 3 is stopped in response to the command, and one of the jaws 13 is moved to a predetermined position for changing the jaws. Allocate to A. The rotating cylinder 8 also moves the wedge piece 7 forward and moves the three pawls 13 of the quick change chuck 5 to the open position. Next, the longitudinal cylinder 30 is operated to move the table 29 to the forward end as shown in FIG. 2, and the lifting cylinder 34 is operated to lower the lifting frame 47 to the lowering end. This table 29
The forward end of the lifting frame 47 and the lowering end of the lifting frame 47 are accurately positioned by the action of the stopper bolt 31 and the mounting shaft portion 49b, so that one of the holders 53 of the claw storage magazine 50 is accurately positioned at the claw exchange position B. The guide groove 68 of the guide block 66 is aligned with the sliding groove 11 of the pawl 13 at the pawl exchange position A and the pawl exchange position B.
It is accurately positioned between the holding groove 54 of the holder 53 and substantially continuous therewith in a straight line, and serves as a replacement work position. Note that the rotating body 51 of the claw storage magazine 50 is indexed and rotated in advance by the motor 59, and the empty holder 53 for storing the claws 13 in the claw replacement position A is indexed to the claw replacement position B. Empty holder 5 in the above nail storage magazine 50
The indexing step 3 may be performed after the longitudinal cylinder 30 and the lifting cylinder 34 are operated. Next, the moving cylinder 69 of the claw moving device 67 is activated to lower the moving body 71. In this case, the claw removing cylinder 82 of the claw removing device 81 is
5, the piston 82b is maintained at the rising end, and the passage groove 7 of the guide block 66
An operation guide piece 80 disposed within 9 is made to protrude forward. Therefore, as mentioned above, the moving body 7
1 is lowered, the operation piece 7 is lowered as shown in FIG.
The operating portion 75a of No. 5 engages with the operation guide piece 80 and is moved forward, and thereby the locking piece 74 is moved rearward, and the engaging portion 74a and the claw 13 at the claw exchange position A are moved forward.
interference with the overhanging piece 16 is prevented, and when the movable body 71 is positioned at the lower end, the engaging portion 74a is positioned at the rear between the claw end surface of the claw replacement position A and the overhanging piece 16. Next, the claw removing cylinder 8 of the claw removing device 81
2 is actuated to lower the mounting piece 85, whereby the pressing pin 86 pushes the operating pin 20 of the claw engaging device 18 toward the center of the chuck, causing the engaging member 19 to retreat as shown in FIG. The engagement between the rack teeth 21 of the member 19 and the rack teeth 17 of the pawl 13 is disengaged. Note that even if the engagement between the rack teeth 21 and the rack teeth 17 is disengaged as described above, the set pin 23 remains engaged with the rack teeth 17 of the pawl 13 by the force of the spring 24, so that the pawl replacement position A is maintained. The claws 13 are prevented from falling out of the sliding grooves 11. Further, as the mounting piece 85 is lowered, the positioning pin 87 is moved into the positioning hole 12 of the sliding member 12 as shown in FIG.
b, the relative positions of the guide block 66 and the chuck body 6 are determined with high precision, and the guide groove 68 and the sliding groove 11 at the pawl exchange position A are accurately opposed. Further, when the mounting piece 85 is lowered as described above, the operation guide piece 80 is moved rearward,
As a result, the operating piece 75 of the pawl moving device 67 is moved by the spring 7.
7, the locking piece 74 is moved forward, and the locking portion 74a is fitted between the claw end surface of the claw 13 at the claw exchange position A and the overhanging piece 16. Next, the moving cylinder 69 is operated to raise the moving body 71, whereby the engaging portion 74a of the locking piece 74 hooks the overhanging piece 16 of the pawl 13 at the pawl exchange position A, and this pawl 13 is raise. Therefore, the pawl 13 at the pawl exchange position A is inserted into the sliding groove 11 as shown in FIG.
After being pulled out, it is guided by the guide groove 68 and fitted into the holding groove 54 at the pawl exchange position B, and is locked and held by the locking pin 55a while being fitted into the holding groove 54. Next, the motor 59 is operated to index and rotate the rotating body 51 of the claw storage magazine 50, and the empty holder 53 for storing the next claw 13 of the quick change chuck 5 is moved to the claw exchange position B. put out. In addition, the claw release cylinder 81 operates to raise the mounting piece 85, which causes the pressing pin 86 to release the operation pin 20 from being pressed, and the positioning pin 8
7 is removed from the positioning hole 12b. When the pressing pin 86 releases the pressing of the operating pin 20 as described above, the engaging member 19 of the claw engaging device 18 is moved back forward by the biasing spring 22, and at the same time, the operating pin 20 is moved toward the outer circumferential side of the chuck. Moved back. In this case, the proximity switch 95 of the engagement confirmation device 94 detects the presence of the operating pin 20, confirms whether the operating pin 20 has been completely returned to its original position, and then activates the quick switch again based on this confirmation signal. The change chuck 5 is indexed and rotated to index the sliding groove 11 of the next pawl 13 to the pawl exchange position A. Thereafter, the above operation is repeated to hold the three claws 13 of the quick change chuck 5 in the holder 53 of the claw storage magazine 50. After the third pawl 13 is held in the pawl storage magazine 50 as described above, the pawl removal cylinder 81 operates to raise the mounting piece 85, and when the proximity switch 95 detects the operating pin 20, The quick change chuck 5 is indexed and rotated to index the sliding groove 11 of the first removed pawl 13 (the sliding groove 11 when the pawl 13 was formed) to the pawl replacement position A again. Further, the motor 59 rotates the rotating body 51 of the claw storage magazine 50 to move the holder 53 holding the claw 13 to be fitted into the sliding groove 11 at the claw replacement position A as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. index to the claw replacement position B. Nail 1 as above
When the holder 53 holding the claw 3 is indexed to the claw replacement position B, the claw moving device 6 is inserted between the protruding piece 16 of the claw 13 held in the holder 53 and the claw end surface.
No. 7 engaging portion 74a is automatically positioned. next,
The claw release cylinder 82 operates to lower the mounting piece 85, which causes the pressing pin 86 to move again to the operating pin 2.
0 to move the engaging member 19 backward, and the positioning pin 87 is fitted into the positioning hole 12b to determine the relative position of the guide block 66 and the chuck body 6. Next, the moving cylinder 69 is operated to lower the movable body 71, whereby the claw 13 held in the holder 53 at the claw replacement position B is moved to the eighth position.
As shown in the figure, after being pushed out from the holding groove 54 by the locking piece 74, it is guided by the guide groove 68 and fitted into the sliding groove 11 at the pawl exchange position A.
The set pin 23 locks and holds the set pin 23 in the fitted state. When the pawl 13 fitted in the holding groove 54 is fitted into the sliding groove 11 as described above, the pawl 13 is guided by the guide groove 68 to correct the position of the pawl 13. , the claw 13 can be reliably fitted into the sliding groove 11. Further, when the movable body 71 is lowered as described above, the claw release cylinder 82 lowers the mounting piece 85 and moves the operation guide piece 80 backward, so that the operation part 75a of the operation piece 75 is attached to the operation guide piece. 80, and the locking portion 74a of the locking piece 74 does not come off from the locking portion 14 of the claw 13. Next, the claw release cylinder 82 is operated to raise the mounting piece 85, whereby the pressing pin 86 releases the pressing of the operation pin 20, and the positioning pin 87 is removed from the positioning hole 12b. Therefore, the engaging member 19 of the pawl engaging device 18 is moved back forward by the biasing spring 22, so that its own rack teeth 21 are engaged with the rack teeth 17 of the pawl 13 at the pawl exchange position A, and the operation is resumed. The pin 20 is moved back toward the outer circumference of the chuck. In this case, when the lock teeth 21 of the meshing member 19 reliably engage with the rack teeth 17 of the pawl 13, the operating pin 20 is completely returned and the operating pin 20 can be detected by the proximity switch 95. Due to some reason, the above-mentioned rack teeth 21 and 17
If the engagement of the lock teeth 21 and 17 is uncertain, the return movement of the operating pin 20 will be incomplete, and the operating pin 20 will not be detected by the proximity switch 95, and the engagement of the lock teeth 21 and 17 will be incomplete. Report what is certain. When the mounting piece 85 is raised by the claw release cylinder 82 as described above, the operation guide piece 80 is moved forward and the engaging portion 74a of the locking piece 74 is moved to the claw 1.
3 from the locking part 14. Next, the moving cylinder 6
9 operates to move the moving body 71 to the rising end.
After that, the quick change chuck 5 is indexed and rotated to index the sliding groove 11 of the second removed pawl 13 to the pawl replacement position A, and the motor 59
1 to index the holder 53 holding the pawl 13 to be fitted into the sliding groove 11 at the pawl exchange position A to the pawl exchange position B. When the holder 53 holding the pawl 13 is indexed to the pawl replacement position B in this way, the engaging portion 74a of the locking piece 74 engages the protruding piece 1 of the pawl 13.
6 and the end surface of the claw automatically. Thereafter, the claws 13 of the claw storage magazine 50 are fitted into the three sliding grooves 11 of the quick change chuck 5 in the same manner as described above. As above, move the third pawl 13 into the sliding groove 1.
1, and after the movable body 71 and the mounting piece 85 are raised, the motor 59 rotates the rotating body 51 to move the empty holder 53 from the position where the pawl 13 was first removed to the pawl replacement position B. to prepare for the next nail replacement. After that, the elevating cylinder 34 operates to raise the elevating frame 47, and the longitudinally moving cylinder 30
is operated to move the table 29 rearward, thereby moving the nail storage magazine 50 and changing device 65 to a non-changing position away from the quick change chuck 5, completing a series of nail changing operations. In the above operation description, the pawls 13 are fitted into these sliding grooves 11 after all the pawls 13 are removed from the three sliding grooves 11 of the quick change chuck 5. From the moving groove 11 to the pawl 13
The pawl 13 may be fitted into the sliding groove 11 each time it is removed.

Note that the present application is not limited to the specific configuration of the chuck; for example, a latch tooth provided on a slider member may be engaged with a latch tooth of a pawl, and this slider member may be provided at the rear end of the main shaft. The pawl engaging device can be constructed so that it can be moved backward by a cylinder or the like as a pawl removing device, or the pawl engaging device can be configured so that the pawl can engage and disengage the slide member at multiple locations simultaneously. It is clear that the device may be configured, or the pawl engaging device may be configured such that the slider member and the pawl can be engaged and disengaged by rotating the operation pin. In addition, the claw storage magazine is a type with a holder attached to an endless moving body like those used in tool magazines, etc.
A holder may be provided in the radial direction on the upper surface of the outer periphery of the rotating body, and the axis of rotation of this rotating body may be rotated by 90 degrees. Further, the pawl moving device may be any device that can move the pawl in a straight line. For example, a cylinder or a solenoid is provided on the piston rod of the moving cylinder in the above embodiment, a locking piece is provided on the piston rod of this cylinder or the plunger of the solenoid, and this A locking piece can be attached to and removed from a locking part such as a hole in a claw, or a locking piece is provided at the tip of a rack rod that is moved linearly by a motor, and the locking piece is attached to a locking part such as a hole in a claw. It is also possible to make it possible to engage and disengage from the locking portion. In particular, if a position controllable drive means such as a servo motor or digital cylinder is used to move the locking piece, it will be possible to easily adapt to changes in the outer diameter of the chuck, and the pawl and slide member can be easily changed. It is preferable that the engagement position of the holder can be changed to an arbitrary position. Furthermore, in the present application, the guide block of the above embodiment is omitted, and the holder at the pawl exchange position in the pawl storage magazine is directly connected to the sliding groove at the pawl exchange position in the chuck. The lifting and lowering operations of the device and the claw removing device may be omitted.

As described above, in the present invention, the sliding groove of the chuck and the holder of the pawl storage magazine are indexed to the pawl exchange position, and the pawl engaging device is operated by the pawl releasing device, so that the pawl and slide member After disengaging the holder and moving the claw in the sliding groove into the holder using the claw moving device in this state, index any holder of the claw storage magazine to the claw replacement position and move the claw in this holder. The moving device allows the chuck to be moved into the sliding groove and then reengage the pawl with the slider member, so that the chuck pawl can be moved to the desired grasping diameter stored in the pawl storage magazine. It is possible to mechanically replace the claws with appropriate ones, making unmanned machining possible. In addition, the holder of the above-mentioned claw storage magazine is indexed on the extension line of the sliding groove at the claw exchange position, and when changing the claw from the sliding groove to the holder or from the holder to the sliding groove, the locking part of the claw is moved to the claw moving device. Since this can be done by simply locking the chuck and moving it in a straight line, the structure of the pawl moving device can be simplified, and the distance between the chuck and the pawl storage magazine can be reduced, making the device more compact. In addition, the claw storage magazine, claw moving device, and claw removing device are moved to a standby position away from the chuck, which prevents chips and cutting oil from splashing on the claw moving device, etc., and the claw can be replaced due to chips. It is possible to prevent mistakes from occurring.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view with a part of the claw omitted, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the one in FIG. 1 in preparation for replacement, and FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof. Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is
The figure is a - line enlarged sectional view of Figure 2, and Figure 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of Figure 2.
7 and 8 are partial views showing the operating state of the one in Fig. 1, Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing the operating state of Fig. 5, and Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the one in Fig. A partial diagram showing the operating state of the thing, Fig. 11 is similar to Fig. 12.
XI-XI line sectional view, No. 12 is XII-O-O of Fig. 11
-XII line sectional view. 3...Main shaft, 5...Quick change chuck (chuck), 6...Chuck body, 10, 11...
...Sliding groove, 12...Slide member, 13...Claw, 14
...Latching portion, 18...Claw engaging device, 50...Claw storage magazine, 53...Holder, 67...Claw moving device, 81...Claw removal device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A slider member and a pawl having a locking portion are each slidably fitted into a radial sliding groove of a chuck body mounted on a main shaft, and the slider member is fitted onto the chuck body. A chuck is provided with a pawl engaging device that can engage and disengage the pawl, and a chuck that can index the sliding groove of the pawl to a predetermined pawl replacement position, and a number of holders that can hold the pawls so that they can be pulled out in the sliding direction. and a claw storage magazine that allows these holders to be indexed to a claw exchange position located on an extension line of the sliding groove of the claw exchange position, and a claw storage magazine that is arranged between the sliding groove of the claw exchange position and the claw exchange position. A pawl moving device capable of linearly moving the pawl by locking a locking portion with the holder, and a pawl moving device capable of disengaging the sliding member from the pawl by operating the pawl engaging device. A chuck comprising: a chuck for removing a nail; and a moving mechanism capable of moving the nail storing magazine, the pawl moving device, and the pawl removing device between a standby position away from the chuck and a pawl replacement work position close to the chuck. Automatic nail changing device. 2. The claw moving device has an overhanging piece protruding from the front or rear surface of the claw, which serves as a locking part for the claw, and a moving device that moves parallel to the line connecting the sliding groove at the claw replacement position and the holder at the claw replacement position. The movable body has a body that can be moved in and out from the front and back between the overhanging piece and the pawl at the pawl exchange position, and does not impede the rotation of the chuck or the pawl storage magazine when it is inserted between them. The automatic chuck pawl changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is constructed by providing a locking piece.