JPH0333446B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a chuck pawl changing device for automatically exchanging the chuck pawl of a machine tool with a replacement pawl.

Prior art and its problems In the conventional chuck pawl changing device of this type, a disc-shaped pawl storage magazine having a large number of pawl fitting grooves on the outer periphery is disposed above the bed of the machine tool.
Since the claws are fitted one by one into the claw fitting grooves of this claw storage magazine and stored, if you try to increase the number of claws to be stored, the outer diameter of the claw storage magazine will increase. This causes various problems, limits the number of sets of nails that can be stored to a small value (for example, about 5 sets in the case of 1 set of 3 nails), and cannot cope with cases where many types of nails are required to be replaced. There was a problem. For this reason, some proposals have been made in which long claw-fitting grooves are formed on the outer periphery of one claw-storage magazine, and a plurality of claws for one set are stored in these claw-fitting grooves. In the case of such a device, the nail storage magazine becomes extremely large, and when the number of nails in one set differs, uneven number of nail storage magazines that match each set are required, resulting in an increase in manufacturing costs. Ta.

Purpose and Summary The present invention aims to solve the problems of the conventional device described above, and is capable of storing a large number of nails in a space with a small floor area, and also provides a nail storage magazine for storing the nails. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chuck pawl exchange device that can be used for other devices with a small number of pawls stored, and in which a pawl storage magazine having pawl fitting grooves on the outer periphery is arranged in multiple stages, and these pawls can be exchanged in multiple stages. Each pawl fitting groove of the storage magazine is configured to be indexable to a pawl replacement position located on an extension line of the pawl installation groove of the pawl exchange position in the chuck body, and the pawl fitting grooves of the pawl exchange position of these pawl storage magazines The chuck is characterized in that each pawl of the chuck can be replaced with a replacement pawl by moving the pawl linearly between the mating groove and the pawl mounting groove at the chuck's pawl replacement position.

Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the present application will be described based on the drawings. In FIGS. 1 to 4, numeral 1 is an NC lathe which is an example of a well-known machine tool, 2 is its machine stand, and 3 is a main spindle, to which a chuck 4 is attached. In this chuck 4, reference numeral 5 denotes a chuck main body fixed to the main shaft 3, which is formed hollow as shown in FIG. A wedge piece 6 is fitted into the center of the chuck body 5 so as to be slidable in the rotational axis direction, and a draw member 8 in which the wedge piece 6 is moved back and forth by a rotating cylinder 7 fixed to the main shaft 3. is connected to. In addition, three radial claw mounting grooves 9 are formed on the front surface of the chuck body 5.
A pawl operating body 10 and a pawl 11 are fitted into these pawl mounting grooves 9 so as to be slidable in the radial direction. A wedge portion 10a having a T-shaped cross section is formed at the center end of the pawl actuating body 10, and this wedge portion 10a is a wedge groove 6a having a T-shaped cross section formed on the outer periphery of the wedge piece 6.
The claw actuating body 10 is moved in the radial direction by moving the wedge piece 6 back and forth. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a positioning hole 12 for positioning the chuck in the rotating direction is formed in the outer peripheral end surface of the pawl actuating body 10. Furthermore, the pawl actuating body 10 is provided with a disengaging means 13 for engaging and disengaging the pawl actuating body 10 and the pawl 11.
This engaging/disengaging means 13 is slidably fitted into an engaging element 15 fitted into a hole 14 in the longitudinal direction of the pawl operating body 10 so as to be slidable back and forth, and into a radial hole 16 extending across the hole 14. The engaging element 15 and the operating pin 17 are engaged with each other by a diagonal groove formed on one side and a diagonal protrusion (both not shown) formed on the other side, and the operating pin 17 is 17 toward the center, the engager 15 moves backward, and the operating pin 1
When the engagement element 7 is moved in the outer circumferential direction, the engaging element 15 is moved forward. The engaging element 15 is urged forward by a spring 18, and engaging teeth 15a formed on the front surface of the engaging element 15 are engaged with engaging teeth 11a formed on the rear surface of the pawl 11. A set pin 19 is provided on the engaging element 15 so as to be slidable in the front and back direction, and this set pin 19 is urged forward by a spring 20 and is prevented from coming out by a retaining pin 21. Normally, this set pin 19 is The tip of the claw 11 is engaged with the engagement tooth 11a of the claw 11. An engagement groove 2 as an engagement part is provided on the rear surface of the end of the claw 11.
2 is formed. The above-mentioned chuck 4 uses an NC device (not shown) or an indexing device attached separately to move the pawl mounting groove 9 to a predetermined pawl replacement position A (the figure shows a case above the center of rotation, but it is located at an angle to the center of rotation). It can be indexed and stopped at any position (upward, horizontal, etc.).

Next, the claw 11 of the chuck 4 is placed on the machine base 2.
A chuck pawl changing device 23 is provided which automatically exchanges the chuck pawl with another replacement pawl. A base plate 24 of the chuck pawl changing device 23 is fitted onto a guide portion 2a formed on the upper surface of the machine stand 2 so as to be slidable back and forth. A stopper bolt 25 is screwed onto the rear end of this board 24, and this stopper bolt 25 comes into contact with a contact portion 26 provided on the machine base 2 to position the forward end of the board 24. There is.
Reference numeral 27 denotes a fluid cylinder for moving the substrate 24 back and forth.The cylinder main body 27a is fixed to the machine base 2, and the piston rod 27b is connected to the substrate 24.The cylinder body 27a is fixed to the machine base 2, and the piston rod 27b is connected to the substrate 24. 24 to the rear standby position as shown in FIG.
4 is moved to the front claw changing operation position as shown in FIG. A cylindrical support 28 is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 24 in a tree shape, and a cylinder main body 29a of a fluid cylinder 29 is attached to the upper end of the support 28 with its piston rod 29b pointing upward in order to raise and lower an elevating body to be described later. It is fixed in place. The axis of the support column 28 is set to be perpendicular to the axis of the chuck body 5.
A sliding hole 31 formed in a shaft portion 30a of an elevating body 30 is fitted into the support column 28 so as to be vertically slidable, and rotation is prevented by a key 32 and a key groove 33. The upper end of the elevating body 30 is connected to the piston rod 29b of the fluid cylinder 29, and the elevating body 30 is raised and lowered by the fluid cylinder 29 between the raised position shown in FIG. 1 and the lowered position shown in FIG. . A replacement pawl 1 is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft portion 30a.
Two disk-shaped claw storage magazines 34 and 34E for storing the storage device 1 are rotatably fitted in a multi-tiered manner. These claw storage magazines 34, 34E are arranged vertically with a required interval, and both have the same structure, so next the lower claw storage magazine 3
4, the upper claw storage magazine 34E
For the corresponding parts, the alphanumeric character E is added to the reference numerals, and redundant explanation will be omitted. First, reference numeral 35 denotes a disc-shaped rotating body, whose central hole 36 is fitted into the shaft portion 30a, and whose movement in the axial direction is restricted. As shown in FIG. 4, a large number of pawl fitting grooves 37 are formed on the outer periphery of the rotary body 35, into which replacement pawls 11 can be freely inserted and removed in the axial direction of the rotary body 35. The number of pawl fitting grooves 37 is set to an integral multiple (5 times in the drawing) of the number of pawls of the chuck 4 (3 in the drawing) plus one (16 in the drawing). Further, the pawl fitting groove 37 is formed so that it can be indexed to a pawl exchange position B, which is located in a straight line with the pawl mounting groove 9 of the pawl exchange position A at the pawl exchange operation position. One of these pawl fitting grooves 37 is connected to the pawl 11 of the upper pawl storage magazine 34E and the pawl 11 of the chuck 4.
A passage 38 is configured to guide the pawl 11 and a pawl locking tool (to be described later) on the way when replacing the pawl. Further, the pawl fitting groove 37 is provided in the rotating body 35.
A retaining means 39 is provided to prevent the claw 11 fitted therein from falling off. This retaining means 39 includes a pair of notch pins 40, 40 provided at the bottom of the pawl fitting groove 37 so as to be freely protrusive and retractable. It is prevented from coming out by. The tip of this notch pin 40 is shown in Figure 3.
As shown in FIG. 8, the engaging tooth 1 of the pawl 11 is formed into a chevron shape when viewed from the side and is fitted into the pawl fitting groove 37.
After being pushed in by 1a, it engages with this engagement tooth 11a. In addition, the above-mentioned slip-off prevention means 39 may be constituted by a receiving guide rail disposed below each claw fitting groove 37 so as to receive the bottom surface of the claw 11.
This receiving guide rail is generally fixedly disposed with respect to the elevating body 30 at a position below the pawl fitting groove 37 except for the pawl exchange position B. A gear 43 is integrally formed on the rotating body 35, and a driving gear 46 fixed to a rotating shaft 45 of a motor 44 for index rotation is meshed with the gear 43. This motor 4
4 is fixed to a mounting bracket 47 that is fitted and fixed to the shaft portion 30a. Note that the rotating body 3
The indexing rotation in step 5 may be performed by engagement between a Geneva gear provided on the rotating body 35 and an engagement pin provided on the rotating shaft 45 of the motor 44. An indicator dog 48 is attached to the lower surface of the rotating body 35 at a position corresponding to each pawl fitting groove 37. The display dogs 48 are provided at predetermined 1 to 4 locations among the four locations with different rotation trajectories, and depending on the combination of presence/absence of these display dogs 48, the pawl fitting groove to the pawl exchange position B is adjusted. 37 and the type of the claw fitting groove 37 can be displayed. Four limit switches 49 for detecting the display dog 48 are fixedly attached to the lower part of the elevating body 30, and when the display dog 48 is detected, the rotation of the rotation shaft 45 of the motor 44 is stopped, and at the same time A signal indicating the address of the pawl fitting groove 37 indexed to the replacement position B is emitted.

Next, reference numeral 50 denotes a guide block disposed below the nail storage magazine 34, which is a guide block between the rotary body 35 and the chip main body 5 when the nail storage magazine 34 is located at the nail exchange operation position as shown in FIG. It is arranged to guide the claw 11 that is to be replaced on the way. In the drawing, this guide block 50 is integrally provided on the front surface of the lower end of the elevating body 30. This guide block 50 has a pawl mounting groove 9 indexed to the pawl exchange position A and a pawl fitting groove 37 (or passage 38 indexed to the pawl exchange position B) in the pawl exchange operation position shown in FIG. ) is formed with a guide groove 51 that is precisely positioned on a straight line. This guide groove 51 is formed in a cross-sectional shape that can guide the sliding part of the pawl 11 in the same manner as the pawl mounting groove 9 and the pawl fitting groove 37, and furthermore, the lower end portion is formed in the guide groove 51 of the pawl 11.
1 is slightly chamfered to facilitate fitting.

Next, the guide block 50 has a chuck 4.
The engaging tooth 15a of the engaging element 15 and the engaging tooth 1 of the pawl 11
A claw removing device 52 is attached for disengaging the mesh with 1a. In this claw removing device 52, numeral 53 is a claw removing cylinder provided on the guide block 50.
The piston chamber 55 is opened with the head member 54 fixed at 0.
A piston 56 is fitted into the piston chamber 55, and a downward piston rod 57 is connected to the piston 56. The piston rod 57 is directed toward the rotation center of the chuck 4, as shown in FIG. 5, and has a movable piece 58 at its lower end.
is fixed. A pressing pin 59 is fixed to the lower surface of this movable piece 58 at a position facing the end surface of the operating pin 17 at the pawl changing position A in the chuck 4 in the pawl changing operation position, and when the piston rod 57 is moved protruding (downward), the pressing pin 59 is pressed. The pin 59 pushes the operating pin 17 toward the center of the chuck, moves the engaging element 15 backward against the spring 18, and disengages the engaging element 15 from the pawl 11. Also, the piston rod 57 is retracted. When moved (raised), the operating pin 17 is allowed to return and the pressing pin 59 is raised to a position where the chuck body 5 is allowed to rotate. The claw removing cylinder 53 also serves as a positioning cylinder for the chuck 4, and as shown in FIG. A positioning pin 60 is fixed at the position, and when the piston rod 57 is moved to the lower end, the positioning pin 60 is fitted into the positioning hole 12 to position and fix the claw 11 of the chuck 4 at the indexed position. . 61 and 62 are dogs for detecting the lifting end of the piston rod 57;
A switch (not shown) is operated. Although not shown, the indexing position of the rotary body 35 of the pawl storage magazine 34 may be determined by lowering the piston rod 57, or a cylinder separately provided to the mounting bracket 47 may be used to position both pawls. The rotating bodies 35 of the storage magazines 34, 34E may be positioned.

Next, a support frame 63 is provided at the upper end of the elevating body 30.
is fixed, and the claw storage magazine 3 is fixed to this support frame 63.
Rotating body 35 or 35E of either one of 4 and 34E
The pawl fitting groove 37 or 37E at the pawl exchange position B in
and the claw mounting groove 9 at the claw replacement position A in the chuck 4.
A pawl moving device 64 is provided that can linearly move the pawl 11 between. In this pawl moving device 64, reference numeral 65 denotes a pawl moving cylinder for moving the pawl locking device 66, which is constructed as shown in FIG. 9 so that the stroke of the pawl locking device 66 can be switched in two steps. . The claw moving cylinder 65 includes a cylinder body 67 consisting of a cylinder tube 67a and a cylinder head 67b, a first piston 68a fitted into the cylinder tube 67a, and a hollow tube 68b connected to the first piston 68a.
A first piston rod 68 consisting of a cover 68c fitted to the hollow tube 68b, a second piston 69a fitted to the hollow tube 68b, and a rod integrally formed with the second piston 69a. 69b and a second piston rod 69. A supply pipe 70 is fixed to the cylinder head 67b, and the supply pipe 70 is inserted into the hollow hole 72 of the second piston rod 69 through the hole 71 of the first piston 68a.
It is possible to supply compressed fluid (air, pressurized oil, etc.) inside. Further, a supply port 73 for lowering the first piston rod is formed in the cylinder head 67b, a supply port 74 for raising the first piston rod is formed in the cylinder tube 67a, and a supply port 75 for lowering the second piston rod is formed in the cover 68c. is formed. The above cylinder body 6
7 is fixedly attached to a support frame 63, and a first piston rod 68 projects downward from a hole 76 in the support frame 63. Next, a positioning protrusion 77 is integrally provided on the cover 68c. A lower end portion of a first stopper shaft 78 is screwed onto this positioning protrusion 77, and a hole 79 is formed into which a second stopper shaft, which will be described later, is inserted. The first stopper shaft 78 is fitted into a hole 80 of the support frame 63, and a nut 81 for positioning the lower end of the first piston rod 68 is screwed onto its upper end, and a rising end is similarly positioned near the lower end. A nut 82 for this purpose is screwed on. A locking body 83 of the pawl locking device 66 is fixed to the lower end of the second piston rod 69. This locking body 83 has a second stopper shaft 8.
4 is screwed to the second stopper shaft 8.
4 is fitted into the hole 79 of the positioning protrusion 77. A nut 85 for positioning the lower end of the second piston rod 69 is screwed onto the upper end of the second stopper shaft 84, and a nut 86 for positioning the upper end of the second piston rod 69 is screwed near the lower end. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, guide grooves 87 and 88 are formed in the locking body 83 in the front-rear direction, and a locking piece 89 and an operating piece 90 are inserted into these guide grooves 87 and 88 in the front-rear direction. They are movably fitted. An end portion of a link 91 whose intermediate portion is pivoted to the locking body 83 is connected to the locking piece 89 and the operating piece 90 with a pin. The operating piece 90 is biased rearward by a spring 92 interposed between the locking body 83 and the operating portion 90a is projected rearward, whereby the locking piece 89
is urged forward to cause the locking portion 89a to protrude forward as shown in FIG. The locking portion 89a of the locking piece 89 is connected to the first and second piston rods 68, 6 of the nail moving cylinder 65 in the nail replacement operation position.
9 are both located at the rising end, Fig. 2, Fig. 1
As shown in FIG. 2, it is positioned so as to engage with the engagement groove 22 of the pawl 11 at the pawl exchange position B in the upper pawl storage magazine 34E, and when only the first piston rod 68 is positioned at the lower end, as shown in FIG. As shown in , when the first and second piston rods 68 and 69 are both located at the lower end, the first and second piston rods 68 and 69 are positioned so as to engage with the engagement groove 22 of the claw 11 at the claw exchange position B in the lower claw storage magazine 34. As shown in FIG. 10, the claw 11 at the claw replacement position A in the chuck 4
is positioned so as to engage with the engagement groove 22 of.
Further, the locking portion 89a and the engagement groove 22 are formed so that the locking portion 89a can be engaged with and disengaged from the engagement groove 22 of the claw 11 by rotation of the claw storage magazines 34, 34E or the chuck 4 at each of the above positions. has been done. The operating portion 90a of the operating piece 90 has claw fitting grooves 37, 37E.
and grooves 93, 93 formed at the bottom of the guide groove 51.
E,94,
An operating piece 95 for moving the operating piece 90 back and forth is disposed in this groove 94. This actuating piece 95 is held by the guide block 50 so as to be movable back and forth, and a tapered groove 96 with a T-shaped cross section is formed at its rear end. portion 97 is fitted. The upper surface of the front end of the operating piece 95 is formed with a slope, and when the movable piece 95 is located at the rising end as shown in FIG. When the movable piece 95 is disengaged from the engagement groove 22 and is positioned at the lower end as shown in FIG. It is configured as follows.

Next, a case will be described in which the three pawls 11 of the chuck 4 are replaced with the pawls 11 of the upper pawl storage magazine 34E using the chuck pawl exchanging device 23 having the above structure. First, when the size of the workpiece grasped by the chuck 4 is changed and a claw replacement request signal is sent from an appropriate command device (manual push button operation is also acceptable), the rotation of the spindle 3 is stopped by that command. Then, one of the claws 11 of the chuck 4 is indexed to the claw replacement position A. Also, the rotating cylinder 7 is connected to the wedge piece 6.
is moved forward to move the three claws 11 of the chuck 4 to the outer peripheral end. On the other hand, the fluid cylinder 27 is activated to move the base plate 24 of the chuck pawl changing device 23 from the standby position shown in FIG. 1 to the forward end shown in FIG.
0 to the lowered end, thereby placing each claw storage magazine 34, 34E, etc. in the claw exchange operation position. Also, the rotating body 3 of the upper claw storage magazine 34E
5E is indexed and rotated in advance by the rotation of the rotating shaft 45E of the motor 44E, and an empty pawl fitting groove 37E for storing the pawl 11 attached to the chuck 4 is indexed to the pawl replacement position B. The rotating body 35 of the lower claw storage magazine 34 is connected to the rotating shaft 45 of the motor 44.
, the passage 38 is indexed to the pawl exchange position B. Next, the claw moving cylinder 6
Pressure fluid is supplied to the supply port 73 and the supply pipe 70 of the piston 5, the first piston rod 68 and the second piston rod 69 are moved to the lower end, and the pawl locking device 66 is lowered to the lowest position as shown in FIG. In this case, the piston rod 57 of the claw removing cylinder 53 in the claw removing device 52 is maintained at the rising end, and the actuating piece 95 in the groove 94 is projected forward as shown in FIG. When the locking tool 66 is lowered, the operating portion 90a of the actuating piece 90
5 and is moved forward against the spring 92;
As a result, the locking piece 89 is moved rearward to prevent interference between the locking portion 89a and the claw 11, and the claw locking tool 6
6 is moved to the lower end, the locking portion 89a faces the rear of the engagement groove 22 of the claw 11. next,
The piston rod 57 of the claw removal cylinder 53 is lowered and the positioning pin 60 is fitted into the positioning hole 12, whereby the relative positions of the guide block 50 and the chuck body 5 are determined with high precision, and the guide groove 51 and the claw replacement position are aligned. The claw mounting groove 9 of A is accurately opposed. Further, when the piston rod 57 is lowered as described above, the pressing pin 59 pushes the operating pin 17 of the engaging/disengaging means 13 toward the center of the chuck as shown in FIG. As a result, the engagement teeth 15a of the engagement member 15 and the engagement teeth 11a of the pawl 11 are disengaged. In addition, as mentioned above, the engaging teeth 15a, 11a
Even if they are disengaged, the set pin 19 is engaged with the engagement tooth 11a of the pawl 11 by the force of the spring 20, so the pawl 11 is held in the pawl mounting groove 9 without falling out. . Further, when the piston rod 57 is lowered as described above, the operating piece 95 in the groove 94 is moved rearward, and thereby the operating piece 95 of the pawl locking device 66 is moved rearward by the force of the spring 92 and is locked. Move the piece 89 forward and lock this locking piece 8.
The locking portion 89a of 9 is fitted into the engagement groove 22 of the claw 11. Next, pressurized fluid is supplied to the supply port 74 and the supply port 75 of the claw moving cylinder 65 to move the first piston rod 68 and the second piston rod 6.
9 are both moved to the raised end, and the pawl locking tool 66 is raised to its original position as shown in FIG. This claw 11 is raised by locking. When the pawl 11 is raised in this way, the pawl 11 is pulled out from the pawl mounting groove 9 and then guided to the guide groove 51 of the guide block 50 and the passage 38 of the lower pawl storage magazine 34, and then transferred to the upper pawl storage magazine. The notch pin 40E is fitted into the pawl fitting groove 37E at the pawl exchange position B at 34E, and at this position, the notch pin 40E engages with the engagement teeth 11a of the pawl 11 and is prevented from coming out. Next, the motor 44E is activated and the upper claw storage magazine 34E
is indexed and rotated, and an empty claw fitting groove 37E for storing the next claw 11 of the chuck 4 is indexed to the claw replacement position B. Upper claw storage magazine 3 as above
When the claw 4E is rotated, the claw 11 fitted in the claw fitting groove 37E is also rotated, and the engagement groove 22 is naturally disengaged from the locking portion 89a of the claw locking tool 66. On the other hand, the piston rod 5 of the claw removing cylinder 53
7 is raised to the original position, thereby the positioning pin 60 is pulled out from the positioning hole 12, and at the same time, the pressing pin 59 releases the operation pin 17 from being pressed. When the pressing pin 17 is released by the pressing pin 59, the engaging element 15 of the engaging/disengaging means 13 is moved back forward by the force of the spring 18, and the operating pin 17 is moved back toward the outer circumferential side. After that, the chuck 4 is indexed and rotated again to index the next pawl 11 to the pawl exchange position A. Thereafter, by sequentially repeating the above operations, the three claws 11 of the chuck 4 are stored in the upper claw storage magazine 34E. Next, the chuck 4 is indexed and rotated again to index the pawl mounting groove 9 from which the pawl 11 was first removed to the pawl replacement position A. Furthermore, the rotating shaft 45E of the motor 44E is rotated to index the pawls 11 to be attached to the chuck 4 to the pawl exchange position B from among the pawls 11 previously stored in the upper pawl storage magazine 34E. In this way, the nail storage magazine 3
When the claw 11 of 4E is indexed to the claw replacement position B, the locking portion 89a of the claw locking tool 66 is fitted into the engagement groove 22 of the claw 11 from the side as shown in FIG. . Also, the piston rod 5 of the claw removing cylinder 53
7 is lowered and the positioning pin 60 is inserted into the positioning hole 1.
2 to position the guide block 50 and the chuck body 5 relative to each other, and at the same time, the press pin 5
9 pushes in the operating pin 17 to move the engaging element 15 back and forth. Also, due to the lowering of the piston rod 57, the actuating piece 9 in the groove 94 of the guide block 50
5 is moved backwards. Next, both the first piston rod 68 and the second piston rod 69 of the pawl moving cylinder 65 are moved to the lower end, and the pawl locking tool 6 is moved to the lower end.
6 to the lowest position. As a result, the pawl 11 that had been fitted into the pawl fitting groove 37E of the upper pawl storage magazine 34E is pushed out by the locking piece 89, and then the pawl 11 and the guide groove 51 of the pawl storage magazine 34 of the lower pawl
The set pin 19 is engaged with the engagement teeth 11a of the chuck 11 and held in place. When fitting the claw 11 into the claw mounting groove 9 as described above,
Since the pawl 11 is guided by the guide groove 51 of the guide block 50 positioned relative to the chuck body 5, the pawl 11 can be guided even when the accuracy of indexing the chuck 4 and the pawl storage magazines 34, 34E is relatively low. 11 can be reliably fitted into the claw mounting groove 9. Further, since the actuating piece 95 is moved rearward as described above, the operating portion 90 of the operating piece 90
a is not pushed forward by the operating piece 95, and the locking portion 89a of the locking piece 89 does not come off from the engagement groove 22 of the claw 11. Next, the piston rod 57 of the claw release cylinder 53 is lifted, the positioning pin 60 is removed from the positioning hole 12, and the pressing pin 59 releases the pressing of the operating pin 17.
As a result, the engaging element 15 is moved forward by the force of the spring 18, the engaging tooth 15a is fitted into the engaging tooth 11a of the pawl 11, and the operating pin 17 is moved back toward the outer circumferential side. Further, when the piston rod 57 is raised as described above, the operating piece 95 is moved forward, and this operating piece 95 presses and moves the operating piece 90 of the pawl locking device 66 at the lowest position forward. Therefore, the locking piece 89 is moved rearward, and the locking portion 89a is disengaged from the engagement groove 22 of the claw 11. After that, the first and second piston rods 68, 6 of the cylinder 65 for moving the claws
9 are both moved to the raised end, raising the pawl locking device 66 to its original position. Also, the chuck 4 is indexed and rotated to index the claw mounting groove 9 of the second removed claw 11 to the claw replacement position A. On the other hand, the rotation shaft 45E of the motor 44E is rotated, and the upper claw storage magazine 34
E is indexed and rotated again, and then the pawl 11 to which the chuck 4 is to be attached is indexed to the pawl exchange position B. Thereafter, by repeating the above operation, the three claws 11 are respectively attached to the claw attachment grooves 9 of the chuck 4, and the chuck 4
The replacement of the three claws 11 is completed. Note that the upper claw storage magazine 34E is indexed and rotated after the claw replacement is completed, and the claw fitting groove 37E in which the claw 11 was first prevented from being removed is indexed to the claw replacement position B, in preparation for the next claw replacement. . Thereafter, the lifting fluid cylinder 29 is activated to raise the lifting body 30, and the backward and forward movement fluid cylinder 27 is activated to move the base plate 24 rearward. As shown in the figure, the chuck 4 is moved to a standby position far away from the outer periphery of the chuck 4, and a series of claw replacement operations is completed.

Next, when replacing the claws 11 of the lower claw storage magazine 34 with the claws 11 of the chuck 4, the three claws 11 of the chuck 4 are stored in the upper claw storage magazine 34E by operating in the same manner as described above. After that, this claw storage magazine 34E is indexed and rotated to pass through the passage 38E.
is indexed to the pawl exchange position B. After that, only the first piston rod 68 of the cylinder 65 for moving the pawl is moved to the first position.
As shown in Figure 3, the claw locking tool 6 is moved to the lower end.
6 is positioned at a height between the upper nail storage magazine 34E and the lower nail storage magazine 34. In this case, the claw locking tool 66 is attached to the locking portion 89 of the locking piece 89.
a indicates the nail 1 stored in the lower nail storage magazine 34;
It is located at a height that engages with the first engagement groove 22 . Next, the lower claw storage magazine 34 is indexed and rotated, one of the claws 11 to be attached to the chuck 4 is indexed to the claw replacement position B, and the claw locking tool 66 is engaged in the engagement groove 22 of this claw 11. The stop portion 89a is fitted as shown in FIG. After that, the second cylinder 65 for moving the claw
The piston rod 69 is lowered and the pawl 11 at the pawl exchange position B is attached to the chuck 4. three claws 11
After the chuck 4 is attached to the chuck 4, the first and second piston rods 68 and 69 of the pawl moving cylinder 65 are both raised to move the pawl locking device 66 to the uppermost position shown in FIG. In the above, the replacement claw 11 is attached to the chuck 4 after all three claws 11 of the chuck 4 are removed, but each time each claw 11 is removed from the chuck 4, the replacement claw 11 is attached The claw 11 may be attached to the chuck 4. Each of the above exchange operations is automatically performed according to a program input into a computer.

In the above embodiment, the pawl actuating body and the pawl are engaged and disengaged by pushing in the operating pin, but the pawl actuating body or the engaging element is moved back and forth by a cylinder or the like attached to the main shaft. It may be done by moving. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, one of the pawl fitting grooves in the upper pawl storage magazine is used as a path for moving the pawl locking device, so the configuration of the pawl locking device of the pawl moving device can be simplified. This has the advantage that it can be used as a tool, but it is possible to move the claw by providing a plunger or the like that moves the claw locking device in the front and back direction, and by fitting the tip of this plunger into a hole provided in the front surface of the claw to move the claw. The passage for the upper claw storage magazine can be omitted. Further, the rotating body may be constituted by a movable band formed by attaching blocks to an endless chain.

Effects As described above, in the present invention, a plurality of pawl storage magazines each having a large number of pawl fitting grooves are arranged in a multi-tiered manner, and the pawl fitting grooves of these pawl storage magazines are used to replace the pawls in the chuck body. The chuck is indexed to a pawl replacement position located on an extension line of the pawl installation groove in the position, and the pawl is moved by a pawl moving device between the pawl fitting groove at this replacement position and the pawl installation groove at the pawl exchange position on the chuck body. By attaching replacement pawls to the pawl fitting grooves of each pawl storage magazine in advance, the pawls attached to the chuck body can be automatically replaced with those replacement pawls. This has the advantage that the claw replacement work can be done in a short time, increasing the operating rate of the machine tool and saving labor. In addition, since the plurality of jaw storage magazines are arranged in multiple stages as described above, it is possible to store a large number of jaws in a space with a small floor area. It has the feature of being able to store different types of jaws and increasing the number of types of workpieces that can be machined unmanned by the machine tool. Furthermore, even if the claw storage magazines are provided in multiple stages as described above, the claw fitting grooves of each claw storage magazine are positioned in a straight line at the claw replacement position,
This is done by moving the claw in a straight line between the claw fitting groove of the upper claw storage magazine and the claw mounting groove of the chuck body through the passage of the lower claw storage magazine, making the claw replacement work simple and quick. It can be carried out. Moreover, in the present invention, since the nail storage magazines themselves are arranged in multiple stages, the nail storage magazines of the single-stage nail exchange device can be used as they are as each nail storage magazine. It also has the advantage of lowering manufacturing costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the device in a standby position, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the device in the nail replacement position,
3 is a front view of FIG. 2 with some parts omitted, FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the - line, and FIG. Figure 7 is a sectional view taken along the - line, Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along the - line, Figure 9 is a sectional view showing the moving cylinder, and Figures 10 to 1.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation. 4...chuck, 5...chuck body, 9...
Claw attachment device, 11...Claw, 23...Chuck claw exchange device, 34, 34E...Claw storage magazine, 35
...Rotating body, 37...Claw fitting groove, 38...Passway,
64...Claw moving device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The claws installed in the claw mounting grooves of the chuck main body indexed to the claw replacement position are disengaged from the claw actuating body, and the claws are replaced with other claws stored in advance. A chuck pawl changing device is provided with a plurality of pawl storage magazines having a large number of pawl fitting grooves in which replacement pawls can be inserted and removed freely in the rotational axis direction on the outer periphery of the rotating body. , these claw storage magazines are arranged in a multi-tiered manner so as to be rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the chuck body;
Each of the claw fitting grooves of these claw storage magazines is configured to be indexable to a claw replacement position located on an extension line of the claw mounting groove of the claw replacement position, and the claws of the lower and upper rows of the claw storage magazines A path through which the chuck can pass during nail replacement is indexably provided at the nail exchange position, and a pawl fitting groove of any one of the nail storage magazines indexed at the nail exchange position and a pawl of the chuck body at the nail exchange position are attached. A chuck pawl exchange device comprising a pawl moving device capable of moving the pawl linearly between grooves. 2. A patent claim characterized in that the rotating bodies of each of the claw storage magazines are composed of rotating disks with the same diameter, and each of the claw storage magazines is arranged in a multi-tiered manner with the axes of these rotating disks being the same. The chuck pawl changing device according to item 1. 3. Set the number of pawl fitting grooves of each pawl storage magazine to one more than an integral multiple of the number of pawls to be attached to the chuck body, and set one of the pawl fitting grooves of these pawl storage magazines
3. A chuck pawl changing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the chuck pawls is used as a passage for the chuck when changing the pawl.