JPS6339522A - Hydroponic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Fields> The present invention involves passing a hydroponic liquid into a pipe, allowing the hydroponic liquid to flow out from a small hole provided around the pipe, and wrapping the end around the pipe. The present invention relates to a bed-type hydroponic cultivation device in which the hydroponic solution is allowed to flow down and permeate into a nine-bag cloth-like body to grow plants.

<Conventional technology> Appropriate amounts of water and fertilizer are needed from the roots for plant growth.

and oxygen must be provided. Hydroponic cultivation is a method that has been studied and implemented in order to grow plants uniformly, quickly and well by appropriately adjusting these conditions.

Conventionally used systems for absorbing liquid fertilizer include the following.

l) Roots are immersed in a liquid fertilizer tank.

-Liquid fertilizer can be absorbed through the roots, but since the supply of oxygen depends on dissolved oxygen in the water, the supply of oxygen is insufficient and there are problems with growth.

2) Liquid fertilizer is constantly flowing at the bottom of the gutter where the root tips are located.
What to do.

Oxygen is plentiful, but water and fertilizer can only be absorbed through the root tips.

3) A method in which liquid fertilizer is poured or dripped into a cavity that serves as a liquid-retaining material that replaces soil and also serves as a root support.

(Using rock wool + roshi etc.) - Oxygen, fertilizer and water can be absorbed through the whole root, which is good for plant growth, but it requires heavy labor or pollution when cleaning or disposing of accumulated salts at the end of cultivation. A problem arises.

1 fcp '7 Coul etc., the substances leached into water have a negative impact on plants.

As can be seen from the above-mentioned current situation, it can be said that the ideal system for cultivating plants is one in which air, water, and fertilizer can be absorbed in abundance through the entire root system. The Ichihara hydroponic system has been proposed as a system close to this ideal state. In this system, liquid fertilizer is constantly flowed down from the top of a bag-like body made of cloth along the inner surface of the bag-like body, and the entire root of the plant comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the bag-like body, absorbing the liquid fertilizer from the entire surface. Since the entire root is in the air, there is a sufficient supply of acid purple, making it an ideal system for plant growth.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> Conventionally proposed cloth bed cultivation devices have a clamping member that covers the outside of the bag-shaped body made of an inflexible material such as a metal plate or a hard resin plate. I'm using something like this.

The purpose of this clamping member is to secure a space that provides a root wall for plants, and to support the fabric and the plants growing on its top. This is to prevent problems such as partial liquid retention. However, clamping members made of this type of hard material have a large volume, which poses major problems before they are installed, such as during inventory and transportation after manufacture. Since it is bulky, it requires a very large storage space. This problem of bulky equipment also exists in most other hydroponic systems, and farmers are demanding improvements in addition to plant growth.

In addition, the bag-like body that makes up the cloth floor is made of a fabric with a low surface fuzz, such as taffeta, to prevent plant roots from sticking to the surface and remaining when the plants are removed. In seed material.

The liquid fertilizer has insufficient liquid retention and the whole of the tomo root, which has little liquid storage, cannot absorb liquid fertilizer evenly, which causes problems with plant growth, and if the liquid supply is stopped, such as during a power outage, it will take a relatively short period of time. It has the disadvantage that the plants may wither or develop poorly over time.

Even in the case of a liquid supply system, it is necessary to first pump the hydroponic liquid from the lower liquid storage tank IO to the upper tank 18, and then allow the liquid to flow down from the upper tank 18 at all times, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG.

Further, the cloth constituting the bag-like body is inserted into the holding member 1 in a substantially perpendicular manner, hanging down and in a fixed state.

Therefore, the bags 55, 5 are in close contact with each other and have a problem that the free volume at the root is small and does not allow for abundant oxygen supply.

Since the outer surface of the clamping member that makes up the base castle is large, it is easily affected by the outside temperature - especially in the summer, when the high temperature can greatly inhibit the growth of plants, which is a very big problem.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention provides an apparatus that can be stored and organized very compactly when not in use, and which can exhibit the same performance as when using a clamping member made of a hard material when in use. It is. That is, the present invention allows hydroponic liquid to flow down along two Ichihara bag-like bodies, and the roots of the plants absorb the liquid in the air from the inner surface of the bag-like bodies, using the internal space formed by the bag-like bodies as a root castle. The Ichihara type hydroponic cultivation device for growing plants is characterized in that the holding member covering the outside of the bag-like body is made of a flexible sheet-like material, and more preferably, In such a system, in order to obtain good plant growth, a heat insulating material is installed on the outside of the clamping member, and a water retaining sheet is placed inside the clamping member. This is a hydroponic cultivation device characterized in that an expansion member for expanding the bag-like body is installed inside the body.

Next, one embodiment of the device of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, it has a U-shaped cross section and is made of a flexible sheet-like material made of a water-impermeable synthetic resin film, a la fiber knitted fabric, a composite of non-woven fabric and synthetic resin, etc. A recessed part 3.3 containing a pipe 2.2 for supplying hydroponic liquid is formed on the inner surface near the road edge, and a sheet-like material 4 and surface for absorbing and retaining the hydroponic liquid are formed on the inner surface of the holding member l. A cloth bed sheet-like material 5 whose roots absorb liquid is folded into two, with the sheet-like material 5 on the inside and 4 on the outside. The upper end portions of the sheet-like materials 4 and 5 are held between the inner surfaces of the entry portions 3.3, and the C-shaped fixtures 19 are used to hold the upper ends of the sheet materials 4 and 5 from the outside of the internal recess portions 3, 3 in the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. Fix at appropriate intervals.

This fixture 19 provides sufficient support for growing plants. Of course, the plant can be supported even without the fixture 19. The clamping member 1 has holders 6, 6 that hold it in a vertical position.
and 7, and also connects a longitudinal support 20 with the holders 6, 6 in the longitudinal direction of the clamping member, and connects the internal recess 3.3 of the clamping member to the longitudinal support 20. The pipe 2.2 is held so as to be placed on the pipe 2.
is constructed by providing a plurality of holes 8 along the positions near the upper ends of the sheet-like materials 4 and 5, and the holding position of the holding member 1 is inclined in its length direction as shown in Figure @2. The holding members 1 are held by the respective holders 6 as shown in FIG. A water pump 11 is installed between the hydroponic liquid tank IO and the liquid supply pipes 2, 2, with the lower end of the trough-like body 9 facing into the hydroponic liquid tank 10. .Contact both parties. It is even more advantageous to insert a bypass 12 between the pump 11 and the liquid supply pipe 2.degree. 2, and to provide a liquid state regulating valve 14 between the branch point 13 of the bypass 12 and the liquid supply pipe 2,2. Alternatively, a 24-hour timer may be installed between the pump 11 and the power source 15, and the importance of the pump power source may be adjusted as appropriate.

It goes without saying that there is no problem if the water is once pumped into the upper tank 18 as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 2, and then the liquid is constantly gradually supplied from the upper tank 18.

Reference numeral 16 in Figure 1 is a sheet-like sponge elastic body, which is provided in close contact with the outside of the clamping member 1, and at the same time presses the upper part of the sheet-shaped object 5.5 in close contact with the clamping member. This is to insulate the internal temperature from the outside air. In this case, the upper end portion of the sheet-like sponge elastic body 16 may be directly wrapped around the liquid supply pipes 2,2. The roots of plant seeds or seedlings are held between the sheets 4 and 5.5 of the sheet material 4. ]
The water is pumped up from 0 and the hydroponic liquid is supplied into the pipes 2,2. The hydroponic liquid in the pipes 2, 2 penetrates into the upper ends of the sheet materials 4, 4 and 51, 5 through the plurality of holes 8 and sequentially flows along the inner surfaces of the sheet materials 4, 4 and 5.5. It flows down and penetrates downward. Then, the surplus hydroponic liquid reaches the bottom surface of the clamping member 1, and due to its inclination, it flows into the gutter-like body 9 and flows into the hydroponic liquid tank lO.
will be returned within. The roots of the plant are expanded by the expansion material 17.
In the internal space of the fc bag-like body 5, it grows by absorbing liquid fertilizer from the inner surface of the fc bag-like body.

The feature of the device of the present invention is that the clamping member 1 is composed of a flexible sheet-like material, which makes it possible to roll the clamping member into a compact shape when transporting or storing the hydroponic equipment. It is in. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, a hydrophilic sheet material 4 with excellent water absorbing and water retaining properties is provided between the fabric floor sheet material 5 and the clamping member 1 to provide backup when liquid supply is stopped and to maintain the liquid supply. In order to improve the uniformity of plant growth, a flexible sponge-like sheet material 16 is installed on the outside of the clamping member 1 to insulate the root wall from the outside air, thereby preventing high temperatures in the root wall, especially in summer. This is because it prevents this and enables the healthy growth of plants. By installing the expansion material 17 in the internal space created by the cloth bed bag-like body 5 and expanding the internal space, air is supplied abundantly within the root zone, and is sufficient even when the root area is densely grown during plant growth. This made it possible to provide oxygen supplementation.

The sheet-like material used for the clamping member of the present invention has appropriate strength, is flexible, and does not allow water to pass through, such as a flexible synthetic resin film or a synthetic (B resin sheet (Cuboline)) reinforced with a knitted fabric of fibers. Any sheet-like material can be used. Particularly when using a sheet with little deflection, such as tarpaulin, stagnation of hydroponic solution is less likely to occur.

Also, do you install a thin film that does not allow water to pass inside the clamping member? In this case, the material of the holding member may be a sheet-like material that allows water to pass through, so that a knitted fabric made of fibers can be used as is. Water retaining sheet material 4 used in the present invention
Basically, it is desirable that it be hydrophilic, but it may be made hydrophilic by surface treatment or the like. Further, the structure may be any structure such as a nonwoven fabric or knitted fabric formed from fibers, a woven fabric, or an elastic foam sheet. The water-retentive sheet material has a size of 177L width x o, sm length, which is immersed in water for a long time, and then held vertically by sandwiching its tip between two sticks in the width direction. Hanging at 20°C
×Total water retention amount after 2 hours under 65% EM condition is 5
LI Om, e or more, and the sheet-like material has a moisture content of 0
．． After drying to 5% or less, form a tape of 1rr length x 50 width, hang it vertically, and immerse the lower end in water at 20°.
C x 65% E (H) The water suction height after being left for 1 hour is 10 cm or more, and the thickness of the sheet material is 26 g/al, and the thickness is 20 cm. Those that are less than 100% are most effective.

If the water retaining edge and suction height are large, it becomes possible to perform liquid suction intermittently, which is also effective in terms of equipment such as saving power consumption and eliminating the need for a bottom tank. It is preferable to use the bag-like sheet material 5 and the water-retaining sheet material 4 side by side, but one side is difficult for roots to pass through and the other side has the performance as the water-retaining sheet of the present invention. There is no problem even if the two pieces are integrated into a sheet-like material.

The material for the heat insulating sheet material 16 of the present invention is as follows.

Any sheet-like material that is flexible and has heat insulating properties can be used, and a thickness of 51 to 20 thick is suitable. It goes without saying that there is no problem even if a sheet-like material in which the clamping member and the heat insulating material are integrated is used.

In hydroponic cultivation, the temperature of the root zone changes with respect to the air temperature.

High temperatures, especially in the summer, are a major problem. This was a particularly big problem with the molded floor system that had not been proposed in the past.
With the system using the heat insulating sheet of the present invention, it becomes possible to provide a good growth environment for plants. The expansion material of the present invention is made of synthetic resin, metal, or wood, and has a round or flat rod-like or band-like cross section, and is shaped so that the entire circumference, upper half, or lower half of the cross section of the bag-like body can be expanded. Any material can be used as long as it has shape retention properties. The expansion material extends along the length of the clamping member! 5
It is desirable to install a plurality of them at intervals of ocm to 100 (111). By installing the inner frame expansion material, it becomes flexible and prevents flattening of the internal space of the bag-like body due to sagging caused by using the clamping member. .

Along with enriching the supply of oxygen in the root zone.

By preventing excess hydroponic solution from stagnation in the roots, we have been able to grow healthy plants without root rot.

As described above in detail, the present invention provides a vibrator for supplying hydroponic liquid.
The hydroponic liquid to be supplied from the vibrator 2 through the plurality of discharge ports 8 is transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the vibrator 2 and the holding recess 3 of the clamping member l.
, 3 and the upper end of the nfC cloth bed sheet-like material is held down along the bag-like body 5, and the roots of the plants absorb liquid from the inner surface of the bag-like body in the air, and the inside of the bag-like body In a bed-type hydroponic cultivation device in which plants grow with the inside as a root region, the clamping member]
is made of a flexible sheet-like material.

More preferably, a sheet-like material 16 having heat insulating and flexible properties is installed in close contact with the outside of the clamping member 1, and a sheet-like material 4 having water-absorbing and water-retaining properties is installed inside the clamping member 1.
Hydroponic cultivation characterized by installing an inner frame expansion material 17 for expanding the bag-like body in the internal space created by the cloth bed bag-like body 5 inside the water-retaining sheet-like material 4. With the device of the present invention, the equipment can be made very compact during transportation or storage, and since the supply of hydroponic liquid is now intermittently, there is no need to pump water into the upper tank, and the upper tank can be It was omitted. When growing plants, the supply of hydroponic solution is uniform.

The stagnation of liquid at the roots has been eliminated, oxygen has been abundantly supplied, and the temperature of the plant is less likely to be affected by the outside temperature.These improvements have made it possible to grow healthy plants. At the same time, we have been able to provide a system that can greatly contribute to new developments in agriculture, making it extremely easy to handle in practical terms such as transporting, installing, and storing equipment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a plant cultivation device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part thereof. In the figure, 5 is a bag-like body and l is a clamping member.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Hydroponic liquid is allowed to flow down along the bag-like body of the fabric bed sheet, and the roots of the plants absorb the liquid in the air from the inside of the bag-like body. What is claimed is: 1. A cloth-bed type hydroponic cultivation device for growing plants with a root region of a cloth bed, characterized in that a clamping member covering the outside of the bag-like body is made of a flexible sheet-like material. 2. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a water-retentive sheet-like material is installed between the clamping member and the cloth bed bag-like body. 3. Claim 1, in which a foamed sheet-like material having heat insulating properties and flexibility is installed in contact with the outer surface of the clamping member.
The hydroponic cultivation device according to item 1 or 2. 4. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an expansion member for expanding the internal space formed by the cloth bed bag is installed inside the cloth bed bag. .