CN216674194U - Soil ditch slot type soilless culture structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a soil groove type soilless culture structure which is arranged in a soil groove and comprises a flexible impervious air isolation layer and a flexible impervious air isolation layer, wherein the flexible impervious air isolation layer is laid on the inner wall of the soil groove to form an accommodating space suitable for the shape of the soil groove; the isolation grate is movably arranged in the accommodating space formed by the flexible isolation layer, and the accommodating space formed by the isolation layer is divided into a substrate layer positioned above the isolation grate and a cavity layer positioned below the isolation grate; the permeable layer is laid on the upper surface of the isolation grate and the inner wall of the isolation layer above the isolation grate, so that the permeable layer is suitable for the laying of the shape above the isolation grate, a space enclosed in the permeable layer is used for containing nutrient substrates, and moisture and oxygen in the cavity layer can be absorbed by the roots of plants through the permeable layer. Through setting up the isolation layer, effectively prevented moisture and the nutrient solution of infiltration to run off, can also form a heat preservation to recycle again can keep apart through setting up the isolation comb, further support the permeable formation, make overall structure more stable.

Description

Soil ditch slot type soilless culture structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a soil groove type soilless culture structure.

Background

At present, the traditional soilless culture mode has some defects, such as the condition that water is accumulated at the bottom of a matrix easily when the soilless culture mode is used, the condition that roots are retted, the returned liquid of a nutrient solution can not be collected, the secondary salinization phenomenon is caused, and the like, and the soilless culture mode is not beneficial to the standardized and large-scale management. The heat preservation and insulation performance of the cultivation tank device is relatively poor, and the temperature of the cultivation substrate is greatly influenced by the air temperature. The cultivation substrate is easy to form plate caking for a long time, so that the air impermeability and the water permeability are caused, the moisture and air absorption of the plant root is not in place, the contradiction between the root system liquid supply and the oxygen supply in the soilless culture is caused, and the nutrient solution permeates through the soil layer, so that the cultivation of the plant is not facilitated.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil groove type soilless culture structure, which solves the contradiction between the liquid supply and the oxygen supply of the root system in the soilless culture, and simultaneously utilizes the soil around the culture groove as heat insulation and preservation, thereby solving the problem that the temperature of the culture medium is affected by the air temperature, avoiding the loss of the nutrient solution, and significantly increasing the activity of the root system at the proper temperature.

In order to achieve the above object, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil trench type soilless culture structure, including:

the flexible impervious air isolation layer is laid on the inner wall of the soil trench to form an accommodating space suitable for the shape of the soil trench;

the isolation grate is movably arranged in the accommodating space formed by the flexible isolation layer, and the accommodating space formed by the isolation layer is divided into a substrate layer positioned above the isolation grate and a cavity layer positioned below the isolation grate;

the permeable formation is laid keep apart the comb upper surface and be located keep apart the comb top on the isolation layer inner wall, so that the permeable formation is suitable for the shape of keeping apart the comb top is laid, the space of enclosing in the permeable formation is used for holding culture medium, oxygen can permeate in the cavity layer the permeable formation is absorbed by plant roots portion, and the root system on matrix layer passes through the permeable formation and keeps apart the comb and grows to in the cavity and the bottom water layer, absorbs sufficient oxygen and moisture, the nutrient in the nutrient solution.

In some embodiments, the two ends of the separation grate can be fixed by pressing the separation layer and inserting the separation layer on the inner wall of the soil ditch together with the separation layer;

in some embodiments, a support for supporting the insulation grate is placed at the bottom of the receiving space to support the insulation grate.

In some embodiments, the groove shape of the soil trench is a U shape or a V shape or an inverted trapezoid shape or a square groove shape.

In some embodiments, the soil trench has a depth of 10cm to 100 cm; the height of the cavity layer is 3cm-50 cm.

In some embodiments, when the separation grate is fixed against the soil trench, both side walls of the soil trench are provided with steps, and the separation grate presses and is mounted with the separation layer on the steps in some embodiments,

the isolation comb is of a horizontal plane type structure or an inverted U-shaped structure, and the isolation comb of the inverted U-shaped structure is matched with the side wall of the soil groove in shape.

In some embodiments, the isolation layer is made of a water-proof material and is used for preventing water loss in the cavity layer and nutrient loss in the matrix layer;

or;

the isolation layer is made of heat-insulating and water-proof materials.

In some embodiments, the side of the separation grate close to the permeable layer is provided with an uneven structure.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the flexible water-tight isolation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the soil groove, so that the nutrient solution and the moisture are prevented from losing and permeating into the soil layer, the moisture and the nutrient solution can be recycled, and resources are not wasted; meanwhile, the isolation layer separates the soil from the culture medium to form a heat insulation layer, and the proper temperature is maintained for the roots of the plants.

2. A permeable layer is arranged on the isolation grate, the permeable layer is made of non-woven fabrics or insect-proof nets and other permeable materials, and the problem that plant roots cannot absorb water in the grooves due to blockage of permeable sieve holes on the isolation grate is avoided; simultaneously, the permeable formation supports cultivation matrix and accomodates, avoids cultivation matrix to drop from keeping apart comb side, forms the jam to the slot and can not in time circulate in order to lead to the ditch internal moisture.

Drawings

The above features, technical features, advantages and modes of realisation of the present invention will be further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a U-shaped groove of a soil-grooved soilless culture structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a V-shaped groove of a soil-grooved soilless culture structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the soil trench type soilless culture structure of the present invention, wherein steps are provided inside the structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a linear-shaped partition grate of the soil trench type soilless culture structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an inverted U-shaped separation grate of a soil trench type soilless culture structure of the present invention;

the reference numbers illustrate: 100-soil trench, 101-matrix layer, 102-cavity layer, 200-isolation grate, 201-supporting leg, 300-isolation layer and 400-permeation layer.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the utility model, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.

For the sake of simplicity, only the parts related to the utility model are schematically shown in the drawings, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one".

It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In this context, it is to be understood that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a soil trench type soilless culture structure provided by the present invention is installed in a soil trench 100, and mainly includes an isolation layer 300, an isolation grate 200 and a permeation layer 400. The isolation layer 300 has the characteristic of flexibility and water impermeability, and is laid on the inner wall of the soil trench 100 to form an accommodating space with a structure similar to that of the inner wall of the soil trench 100. The isolation grate 200 is movably arranged on the surface of the flexible waterproof isolation layer 300 and is abutted against two side walls of the soil groove 100, a containing space formed by the isolation layer 300 is divided into two parts, namely a substrate layer 101 positioned on the upper part of the isolation grate 200 and a cavity layer 102 positioned below the isolation grate 200, the substrate layer 101 positioned on the upper part of the isolation grate 200 is used for placing a culture medium, the plant root culture is placed in the culture medium, the cavity layer 102 positioned below the isolation grate 200 is used for air flow, moisture and nutrient solution flow and collection, a proper amount of oxygen and moisture is provided for plants, and simultaneously, the moisture and the nutrient solution in the soil groove 100 can be recycled. The permeable layer 400 is laid on the upper surface of the isolation grate 200 and the inner wall of the isolation layer 300 to form a storage space, the cultivation medium is placed in the storage space formed by the permeable layer 400, the nutrient solution in the cultivation medium can flow into the cavity layer 102 through the permeable layer 400 and the isolation grate 200, the moisture and air in the cavity layer 102 can be absorbed by the roots of the plants through the isolation grate 200 and the permeable layer 400, and optionally, the permeable layer 400 can be made of breathable and water-permeable materials such as insect-proof nets and non-woven fabrics.

In the embodiment, the isolation layer 300 is arranged to separate the culture medium from the soil to form a heat insulation layer, so that an environment with proper constant temperature is provided for the roots of plants, and the growth of the plants is not affected by the soil temperature; meanwhile, the isolation layer 300 has a waterproof function and is laid in the soil groove 100 to form a waterproof layer, water in the isolation layer 300 and nutrient solution flowing down in the nutrient medium cannot permeate into soil to run off, and resources are not wasted by recycling through collection. Through setting up permeable layer 400, accomodate cultivation matrix and concentrate, and moisture and the air in the cavity layer 102 can be absorbed by the root of plant through permeable layer 400, have guaranteed essential material for vegetation, and the nutrient solution in the nutrition matrix also can permeate cavity layer 102 for the root of plant can not appear rotten root airtight condition. Through setting up isolation comb 200, further support permeable formation 400, make cultivation matrix can the tiling on permeable formation 400, the phenomenon of cultivation matrix knot block can not appear, also can loosen the soil to cultivation matrix through permeable formation 400, avoid cultivation matrix knot block phenomenon, be unfavorable for vegetation.

In one embodiment, the isolation grate 200 can be formed to be a stable support for the isolation layer 300 by pressing the isolation layer 300, and inserting the two ends of the isolation layer 300 together with the isolation layer 300 into the two sidewalls of the soil trench 100. During the concrete implementation, when the isolation comb 200 is installed, the isolation layer 300 is laid firstly, then the isolation comb 200 which conforms to the soil groove 100 is horizontally arranged on the isolation layer 300, certain pressure is applied to the upper part of the isolation comb 200, so that the two ends of the isolation comb 200 extrude the isolation layer 300 and abut against the soil groove 100, and the isolation comb 200 can form a stable supporting structure under the action of the upper pressure because the side wall of the soil groove 100 is collected and closed to the lower end. Specifically, the separation grate 200 may be made of a plastic having high corrosion resistance or a steel plate having high strength.

In one embodiment, to further enhance the supporting strength of the isolation grate 200, as shown in fig. 4, a support is disposed at the cavity layer at the bottom of the isolation grate 200, one end of the support abuts against the bottom wall of the cavity layer 100, and the other end abuts against the lower surface of the isolation grate 200, so as to provide a strong support for the isolation grate 200, and prevent the middle part of the isolation grate 200 from failing to effectively provide support for the permeable layer 400 when the soil trench 100 spans too large or the cultivation substrate has too much mass. In this embodiment, the isolation grate 200 is made of plastic, and a plurality of integrally formed support legs 201 are disposed at the bottom 200 of the isolation grate. The expression is not limited to this, and alternatively, the supporting legs 201 may be a separate supporting structure, which supports the separation grate 200 without blocking the flow of moisture and nutrient solution in the cavity layer 102.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the trough shape of the soil trench 100 may be a U-shaped structure or a V-shaped structure. The U-shaped or V-shaped grooves facilitate the grooving, and since the sidewalls of the soil groove 100 are closed toward the lower end, the isolation grate 200 can be fixed inside the soil groove 100 without placing an additional support structure when the span of the soil groove 100 is small. Alternatively, the soil trench 100 may also have an inverted trapezoidal or square groove shape. Further, the soil trench 100 has two sidewalls that are angled from 0 to 15 degrees in the depth direction thereof, and preferably, the soil trench 100 is angled from 5 to 10 degrees. When the included angle is too large, the span of the soil groove 100 is large, which is not beneficial to gathering of the cultivation substrate, and forms good coating for the plant root, and simultaneously, the requirement for bearing strength of the isolation grate 200 is large or an additional support piece is required to be arranged to support the isolation grate 200; when the included angle is too small, the difference between the span at the top opening of the soil trench 100 and the span at the bottom thereof is not large, which is not favorable for the placement of the isolation grate 200 and requires an additional supporting device for the soil. Further, the depth of the soil trench 100 is generally 10cm to 100cm, the height of the cavity layer 102 is 3cm to 50cm, the depth of the soil trench 100 is selected according to the size of the plant root, in order to ensure that the cavity layer 102 can flow water and oxygen required by the plant root, the height of the cavity layer 102 is generally 3cm to 50cm, and in practical application, the height of the cavity layer 102 generally accounts for about one third or one half of the total depth of the soil trench 100.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in order to stably fix the separation grate 200 in the soil trench 100, steps are formed on both sidewalls of the soil trench 100, and both ends of the separation grate 200 are placed on the steps for fixing. During specific implementation, the step is planar structure, and it has certain degree of depth to the inside extension of soil slot 100 lateral wall to guarantee the stability that step structure supported, simultaneously, the horizontal plane that distributes in two steps of two lateral walls sets up in same horizontal plane, guarantees to keep apart comb 200 and is the horizontality on being fixed in the step. Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the isolation grate 200 may have a planar or inverted U-shaped structure, and when the soil trench 100 is provided with a supporting step, the isolation grate 200 may have a linear or inverted U-shaped structure, and when the isolation grate 200 with the inverted U-shaped structure is used, the shape of the isolation grate 200 is adapted to the shape of the two side walls of the soil trench 100. When the supporting step is not provided in the soil trench 100, the supporting effect of the isolation grate 200 using the inverted U-shaped structure is better.

In one embodiment, the isolation layer 300 is made of a water-proof material or a water-proof material with heat preservation, which can effectively prevent the water in the cavity layer 102 and the nutrient solution in the culture medium in the substrate layer 101 from permeating into the soil to be lost, and can ensure that the culture medium maintains a constant and proper temperature to adapt to the temperature environment required by the plant roots. Alternatively, the isolation layer 300 may be made of water-proof material such as plastic film, woven bag, knife cloth, etc.

In one embodiment, an uneven structure is provided on the upper surface of the separation grate 200. Because the permeable layer 300 is laid on the upper surface of the isolation grate 200, after a certain time, the permeable layer 300 is attached to the upper surface of the isolation grate 200, which easily causes the blockage of the permeable sieve holes on the isolation grate 200, resulting in that the moisture and oxygen in the cavity layer 102 are not absorbed by the roots of the plants through the isolation grate 200. Through setting up unevenness's structure on isolating the comb 200, support permeable formation 300 to make permeable formation 300 and isolating the permeable sieve mesh of comb 200 form the clearance within a definite time, make the permeable sieve mesh be in penetrating state all the time, guaranteed the required moisture of plant root and oxygen.

It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the utility model, and such modifications and adaptations, and as such are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a soil ditch slot type soilless culture structure installs in the soil ditch inslot, its characterized in that includes:

the flexible impervious air isolation layer is laid on the inner wall of the soil trench to form an accommodating space suitable for the shape of the soil trench;

the isolation grate is movably arranged in the accommodating space formed by the isolation layer, and the accommodating space formed by the isolation layer is divided into a substrate layer positioned above the isolation grate and a cavity layer positioned below the isolation grate;

the permeable layer is laid on the upper surface of the isolation grate and the inner wall of the isolation layer above the isolation grate, so that the permeable layer is suitable for the laying of the shape above the isolation grate, a space surrounded in the permeable layer is used for containing a culture medium, and moisture and oxygen in the cavity layer can penetrate through the permeable layer to be absorbed by the roots of plants.

2. A soil trench type soilless culture structure as claimed in claim 1,

the two ends of the isolation grate can extrude the isolation layer and are inserted on the inner wall of the soil groove together with the isolation layer to form fixation of the isolation grate.

3. A soil trench type soilless culture structure as claimed in claim 1,

a support member for supporting the separation grate is placed at the bottom of the receiving space to support the separation grate.

4. A soil trench type soilless culture structure according to any one of claims 1-3,

the groove type of soil slot is U type or V type, and the trapezoidal, square that falls.

5. A soil trench type soilless culture structure according to claim 4,

the depth of the soil groove is 10cm to 100 cm;

the height of the cavity layer is 3cm-50 cm.

6. A soil trench type soilless culture structure as claimed in claim 2,

when the isolation comb is attached to the soil groove and is fixed, two side walls of the soil groove are provided with steps, the isolation comb extrudes the isolation layer and is installed on the steps together with the isolation layer, so that the isolation comb is supported and fixed.

7. A soil trench type soilless culture structure according to claim 6,

the isolation comb is of a horizontal plane type structure or an inverted U-shaped structure, and the isolation comb of the inverted U-shaped structure is matched with the side wall of the soil groove in shape.

8. A soil trench type soilless culture structure as claimed in claim 1,

the isolating layer is made of a waterproof material and is used for preventing water in the cavity layer from losing and preventing nutritional ingredients in the matrix layer from losing;

or;

the isolation layer is made of heat-insulating and water-proof materials.

9. A soil trench type soilless culture structure as claimed in claim 1,

one side of the isolation comb close to the permeable layer is provided with an uneven structure.

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