JPS6338947A - Toner for developing electrostatic charge image and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high image quality toner suitable for high speed development by specifying Warder's practical sphericity, volume mean particle size by a Coulter counter method, number average particle size, and volume particle size distribution. CONSTITUTION:The Warder's practical sphericity is 0.95-1.00, the volume mean particle size Dv by the Coulter counter method is 7.0-25.0mu, and the number average particle size Dn is 5.0-25.0mu. >=70wt% of the total particles exist within the particle size range of Dv/2<1/2>-2<1/2>Dv. Such toner for developing electrostatic charge images is produced by dispersing a polymerizable mixture prepd. by dissolving or dispersing a material such as dye, pigment or wax to be incorporated into the toner into an addition polymerizable monomer into water by using an ultrasonic homogenizer or pressure type homogenizer, then subjecting the liquid dispersion to suspension polymn. The toner for developing the electrostatic charge image which has the excellent fluidity, exhibits high image quality, is free from thinning, fogging, etc., exhibits good cleaning property, etc., and is suitable for high-speed development is thus obtd.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a toner for developing electrostatic images used in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like.

[Prior art and problems]

Conventionally, toner for image development is mixed with pigments such as carbon black, phthalocyanine blue, Carmino 6B, benzodine yellow, magnetite, etc., and GIF-FI resin, melted and kneaded, cooled, and then crushed. It is produced by classification to obtain particles with a particle size distribution of 5 to 25 microns.

Individual additives are mixed in as needed to impart the required properties to the toner. For example, metal azo dyes and the like are used to control the level of triboelectric charging that occurs when toner is mixed with carrier. In addition, waxes are added at the time of melting and kneading to prevent the paper from wrapping around the heat roll for fixing and from off-setting.

The shape of the conventional toner produced by the crushing and classification method is irregular and angular for boat fishing, and therefore has poor fluidity as a powder. As a powder fluidity improver, hydrophobic fine silica powder having a primary particle diameter of 10 to 100 μm is often externally added to toner (tri-blend). Magnetic toner containing a magnetic material such as magnetite in the toner particles is directly magnetically applied to the developing sleeve covering the magnet roll.
and adhere to each other to form a magnetic brush. Toner containing no magnetic material (non-magnetic toner) is generally mixed with a magnetic material called a carrier having a particle size of 30 to 200 microns to form the entire magnetic brush.

The state of the magnetic brush, especially its contact with the photoreceptor surface, casts a large shadow on the developed image. If the condition is poor, the image may become blurred or the density of solid areas may deteriorate. Although the magnetic properties of the carrier or the magnetic material contained in the magnetic toner are important factors related to the state of the magnetic brush, the biggest factor is the powder fluidity of the toner and carrier.

This is particularly noticeable when high-speed development is performed at 50 sheets per minute (A-4) or more. As mentioned above, the toner manufactured by conventional crushing and classification methods has an amorphous and angular shape, and therefore has poor powder fluidity, which also has a negative effect on the condition of the magnetic brush.

Further, conventional toners having irregular shapes and having poor fluidity tend to form prep in the toner hollow, and have the disadvantage that it is difficult to mix the toner and the carrier.

Conventionally, in order to overcome this drawback, the method of tri-blending a fluidity modifier such as hydrophobic silica fine powder as described above has been widely adopted, but this method maintains the stability of the toner band ML4'&. It is not preferable from the viewpoint of fluidity, and in fact, since the amount added is limited, a toner with satisfactory fluidity has not been obtained.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The present invention aims to provide a toner with good fluidity, good magnetic brush condition, no blurring or capri, excellent density of peta areas, and high image quality suitable for high-speed development.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a toner that does not form prep in the toner.

Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a toner that has excellent cleaning properties and is less likely to cause film forming or scratches on the photoreceptor drum.

[Means to solve all problems]

The present invention has a Wardell practical sphericity of 0.95 to 1.00.
is substantially spherical, has a volume average particle diameter Dv of 7.0 to 25.0 μ by the Coulter Counter method, and has a number average particle size of 70 t.
<This invention relates to an electrostatic image developing toner characterized by the presence of the above, and a method for producing the same.

Here, Wardell's practical sphericity is a value expressed as the ratio of the diameter of a circle having an area equal to the projected area of a particle to the diameter of the smallest circle circumscribing the projected image of the particle. Specifically, a suitable amount of toner is placed on a slide glass and dispersed so that individual toner particles do not come into contact with each other or overlap. These toner particles were placed on both sides of the CRT using a louze and Kusu 450 (manufactured by Nippon Regulator) at a magnification of 50 using a microscope.
Take a picture at 0x. Here, as long as the individual particles exist separately, Luzekkusu 450 can freely select any particle and measure its projected area, and from this, the diameter of a circle with an equal area can be calculated. On the other hand, the entire CRT screen is photographed as it is, and the diameter of the smallest circle circumscribing the projected image of the particles is determined by plotting the entire diameter. Here, the value of the above ratio was calculated for 100 randomly selected toner particles, and the average value was determined to be [Wardell's practical sphericity].

Up until now, there was no known method for efficiently producing toner with all of these particle shapes and particle size distributions, and no tests had been conducted. By creating suspended particles by the cavitation action generated and producing toner by a suspension polymerization method, it is possible to unexpectedly easily and efficiently obtain a toner having the above-mentioned particle shape and particle size distribution. What's surprising is that this toner exhibits especially good powder fluidity and high image quality for high-speed development in copiers! This is suitable for linters.

The toner of the present invention has a Wardell practical sphericity of 0.95 to 1.
．． 00 substantially spherical shape. If dispersion conditions or suspension stabilizer selection is inappropriate during the suspension polymerization process, so-called "grooved beads" shaped like rice grains or go stones may be formed.
However, if such irregularly shaped beads occur frequently and the actual Wardell sphericity is less than 0.95, the flowability of the toner will be affected and the image quality and cleanability will be impaired. The purpose of the present invention cannot be achieved.

Further, the volume average particle diameter of the toner is 7.0μ to 25.0μ,
The number average particle diameter needs to be 5.0μ to 25.0μ. If the particle size is larger than this, the image becomes rough and high image quality, which is the object of the present invention, cannot be achieved. On the other hand, if the particle size is smaller than this, the powder fluidity will be slightly reduced, and capri and smearing will occur, especially when processing at high speeds of 50 sheets per minute (A-4) or higher, making it impossible to achieve the object of the present invention. Not done.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the object of the present invention, it is necessary that the toner has a sufficiently sharp particle size distribution. Specifically, when looking at the volume particle size distribution, the r of all particles within the size range
More than aM excretion winter must be present. A toner with a broad particle size distribution of less than 70×1 toner cannot achieve the high fluidity and high image quality that are the objectives of the present invention.

Next, the method for manufacturing the toner of the present invention will be explained in detail below.

First, a "polymerizable mixture" is prepared by dissolving or dispersing materials contained in a toner, such as a facial cleanser and wax, in an addition polymerizable monomer. At this time, the dispersion is performed using a sol mill, an attritor, a vibration mill, a sand mill, etc., which are used for general solid-liquid dispersion.
Although this can be carried out using a colloid mill or the like, it is especially suitable here to use an ultrasonic homogenizer. Ultrasonic homogenizers are suitable for dispersing relatively low-viscosity solid-liquid dispersions, and have the ability to disperse dyes and pigments that are difficult to wet in the oil phase. When used, fine particles of naked dyes and pigments may become mixed in the toner or adhere to the surface of the toner particles, causing the following condition and causing capri.

Next, the prepared nonapolymerizable mixture is dispersed in gold water. In this case, it is known that spherical toner is produced by suspension polymerization using a TK homomixer with high shear force, but this is not suitable as a means for achieving the object of the present invention. It is impossible to obtain a toner with a sharp particle size distribution as in the present invention by dispersion using a TK homomixer. On the other hand, when an ultrasonic homogenizer or a pressure homogenizer is used, a surprising effect can be obtained and toner particles having a volume average particle diameter of 7 to 25 μm and a sharp particle size distribution can be easily obtained.

The ultrasonic homogenizer converts electric power from a 50/60 kHz commercial power source into electric power at t-13 to 250 kHz, and then converts it into vibration power at the same frequency, expands the amplitude of the vibration, and transmits it to the dispersion tool (horn). When irradiated into a liquid, a large amount of power can be locally concentrated and fine particles can be dispersed. The dispersed particle size tends to become finer as the frequency of ultrasonic imaging is higher, and 13 to 40 kHz is suitable for obtaining the toner particle size targeted by the present invention. 40kHz
This is because if it exceeds z, excessively fine dispersed particles will be produced, resulting in a state close to emulsification, and as a result, the combined yield will decrease.

Furthermore, it is also possible to use an ultrasonic homogenizer by installing a dispersion tool (horn) inside the reaction vessel for suspension polymerization and irradiating ultrasonic waves, but it is possible to use a cell with two or more chambers containing all the ultrasonic dispersion tools. It is advantageous in terms of energy efficiency to use an ultrasonic homogenizer, which has a structure in which the entire polymerizable mixture is irradiated with ultrasonic waves by passing through it successively. suitable as a means.

Pressure homogenizer (Pressure Homog)
Enizer) A high pressure of 100 to 1000 atmospheres is applied to the Id dispersion liquid and it is ejected from minute gaps, and the cavitation and opposition generated at that time disperse fine particles by force, and the applied pressure and ejection gap are adjusted. This allows the size of suspended particles to be controlled.

When producing the polymerizable mixture, an appropriate amount of resin or dispersion aid may be added in order to prevent the dispersed pigment from re-agglomerating. Further, the ratio of the polymerizable mixture to water is suitably 1:2 to 1:10.

Although polymerization is possible without a suspension stabilizer when a dispersion tool (horn) is installed in the reaction vessel, a V'i suspension stabilizer is usually added. If all the suspension stabilizers are added, the fine particle suspension that has been subjected to ultrasonic irradiation or pressure homogenizer treatment will become loose and agitated. As long as it continues, particle coalescence will not easily occur. This phenomenon was not observed when using a homomixer.

In addition, as a more effective means to achieve the object of the present invention, an inorganic suspension stabilizer and an organic suspension stabilizer may be used together, and the ratio of the organic suspension stabilizer to 1 part of the inorganic suspension stabilizer is 100 tons. A preferred method is to adjust the amount to 1 to 20 parts by weight.

If the amount of organic suspension stabilizer is less than 1 part by weight, the particles tend to enlarge during the polymerization reaction and adhere to the pot wall or shaft, and if it exceeds 20 parts by weight, excessively fine particles may be produced. Cleaning becomes difficult.

The following addition polymerizable monomers are used in the suspension polymerization of the present invention.

That is, styrene, O-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p-phenylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene, 3.4
-dichlorostyrene, p-ethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, p-n-butylstyrene, p-t
art-butylstyrene, p-n-hexylstyrene
Styrene and its derivatives such as p-n-octylstyrene, p-n-nonylstyrene, p-n-decylstyrene, p-n-dodecylstyrene: ethylenically unsaturated monoolefins such as ethylene, zolopyrene, butylene, isobutylene, etc. : Vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl fluoride, etc. g : Vinegar a
vinyl,! Vinyl esters such as Robion Shun Vinyl, Penzoel r\1 Vinyl, etc.: Methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-methacrylate
α-methylene fatty acids such as butyl, isobutyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, noethylaminoethyl methacrylate, etc. Monocargenic acid esters Methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, inbutyl acrylate, globyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, Cl12-chloroethyl acrylate , acrylic acid esters such as phenyl acrylate; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, and vinyl imbutyl ether; vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, and methyl isozoloinyl ketone; 2N-vinylpyrrole; ,
N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylindole, N-
Examples include N-vinyl compounds such as vinylpyrrolidone; pinylnaphthalenes; acrylic acid or methacrylic acid derivatives such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and acrylamide.

The following crosslinking agent may be present in the polymerizable mixture for polymerization to form a crosslinked polymer. Divinylbenzene, divinylnaphthalene, novinyl ether, divinyl sulfone, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol cyacrylate, ethylene glycol methacrylate 1. ff1J etching glycol dimethacrylate, noethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol cyacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol zomethacrylate), 1,6-hexane glycol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, noderopyrene glycol Dimethacrylate? rideropyrene glycolzomethacrylate,
2,2'-bis(4-methacryloxyfethoxyphenyl)prozen, 2,2'-bis(4-acryloxynoethoxyphenyl)ropane, trimethylolprozene
These include guntrimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, tetramethylolmethanetetraacrylate, dideromneobentylglycolnomethacrylate, and noallyl phthalate.

The above-mentioned crosslinking agent is used in an amount of 0.2 to 2.0% based on the polymerizable mixture in terms of fixing properties, anti-offset properties, durability, etc.
It is preferable to use it at zero weight. As the polymerization initiator, known polymerization initiators such as azobisin butyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone/
9-oxide, inpropyl non-oxycasenate, keymen hydroperoxide, 2,4-dichloropendiyl/4-oxide, lauroyl non-oxide, etc. can all be used to carry out the polymerization. Generally, the amount of these polymerization initiators used ranges from about 0.1 to 10, more preferably from 0.5 to 5, based on the weight of the polymerizable mixture.
It is regrettable and sufficient.

Known pigments and dyes can be used as colorants.

For example, black pigments include channel black, furnace black, thermal black, acetylene black, etc., and color pigments include cadmium yellow, hump yellow G, naphthol yellow S, pyrazolone red, and non-manent red. 4R, Molybdenum Orange, Astopaiole, ToB, Phthalocyanine Blue B.

Examples include First Sky Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Malachite Green, and Naphthol Green B. As dyes, C,1, Direct Red 1,
C, 1, Direct Red 4. C,1, Acid Red 1, C,1, Basic Red 1, C,I.

Modern Tread 30. C, 1, Direct Blue 1,
C,1,Direct Pull-2,C,1,Acid Blue 9,C,r,Acid Blue 15,C,1,Page,Kuburu 3,C,1,Page,Kupuru 5,C,1,Mordant! Roof, C, I, Direct Green 6, C
, 1, Bentsk Green 4, C, 1, Page, F Green 6, etc.

To ensure that the toner is used as a magnetic toner, magnetic powder may be included. Examples of such magnetic powders include powders of ferromagnetic metals such as iron, cobalt, and ferromagnetic metals, or powders of alloys and compounds such as magnetite, hematite, and ferrite. Containing these magnetic powders 9:
, 15 to 70% by weight based on the weight of the toner.

Furthermore, additives such as a charge control agent, a fluidizing agent, a cleaning agent, and a filler may be added to the toner raw material components as necessary. As charge control agents, those that give positive charge include nigrosine dyes, alkoxylated amines,
Quaternary ammonium salts, alkylamides, simple substances and compounds of phosphorus and tungsten, molybdate chelate pigments, fluorine-based activators, hydrophobic silica, etc. are used.

Those giving a negative band "it" include metal complex salts of monoazo dyes,
Examples include electron-accepting organic complexes, chlorinated polyolefins, chlorinated lyesters, monoesters with excess acid groups, sulfonylamines of copper phthalocyanine, oil blacks, metal salts of nanthenate, metal salts of fatty acids, and resin dusting soaps. As fluidity modifiers, colloidal silica, hydrophobic silica,
Silicon face, metal soap, nonionic surfactant 1.
[IJ vinyl fluoride fine particles, etc.] Cleaning agents include metal salts of fatty acids such as aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, and zinc laurate. Other examples include colloidal silica and fine powder of tetrafluoroethylene resin. Fillers include calcium carbonate, clay, talc, soft pigments, kaolin, and silica.

In addition, wax-like substances such as low molecular weight polyethylene, low molecular weight polypropylene, microcrystalline wax, carnauba wax, Sasol wax, etc. may be added at about 0.5 to 15 weight Ti for the purpose of increasing the release properties during hot roll fixing. You can also do it. In addition, the charge control agent and fluidity modifier are as follows:
It may be used by mixing with the obtained toner particles.

Suspension stabilizers that can be used in the present invention include, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, methyl cellulose, methylhyde 90-glypyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, preacrylic acid and salts thereof,
Organic suspension stabilizers such as starch, gum alginate, casein, tricalcium phosphate, talc, barium sulfate,
Bentonite, aluminum hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, titanium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, alumina, colloidal silica, etc. can be incorporated into the aqueous phase. This suspension stabilizer is used in a range of +2, preferably about 0.1 to 1011, which is essential for stabilization in the continuous phase.

Also, as an auxiliary dispersant for the turbidity stabilizer, o, ooi to 0.
Surfactants within the range of 1ifi4% may be used.

This is the ninth substance that promotes the initial action of the above-mentioned dispersion stabilizers, and its specific examples include sodium dodecylbenzene sulfo/acid, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, (
Sodium tadecyl sulfate, sodium octyl sulfate,
Sodium allyl-alkyl-polyether sulfonate, sodium oleate, sodium laurate, sodium cabrate, lithium caprylate, sodium cabronate, potassium stearate, calcium oleate, 3,3-disulfonophenyl urea. 4,4-
Noabis-amino-8-naphthol-6-sulfonate sodium, ortholugexipenzene-azodimethylaniline, L2+5t5-tetramethyl-triphenylmethane-4,4-noabis-β-7tol sodium disulfonate etc. can be mentioned.

Furthermore, monomers that are easily soluble in water simultaneously undergo emulsion polymerization in water, and the resulting suspension polymer is contaminated with small emulsion polymer particles. Emulsification of heavy alloys can also be prevented. Also, the viscosity of the medium fl
: Furthermore, to prevent particle coalescence, water and glycerin,
Glycol or the like may also be added. In addition, in order to reduce the dissolution IWW of easily soluble monomers in water, NaC2, KCl, N
It is also possible to use salts such as a2SO4.

〔Example〕

Next, examples and comparative examples will be given and explained.

Note that parts in the examples are based on weight.

Example 1 Styrene 800 parts Butyl acrylate 200 Elftex 8
70 (Carzen plaque manufactured by Kyaget) Viscole 550P 40 (Sanyo Kasei lining polyglopylene wax) Gentron 5-34
20 parts (Charge control agent manufactured by Orient Chemical) Divinylbenzene 10 Azobisisobutyronitrile 20 While thoroughly stirring the above raw materials, ultrasonic homonide US-300 manufactured by Nippon Seiki (20 kHz) was added.
z, 300W) connected in series with 3 cells of 500W per minute
A polymerizable mixture was obtained by dispersion treatment at a speed of d. 10 parts of calcium phosphate fine powder and Shin-Etsu Chemical's Popal PA-05
0.5 parts of the dispersion was stirred and dispersed in 5,000 parts of water, and the above dispersion oil phase was pressurized and, while stirring, the above three-barrel ultrasonic homogenizer was used to perform fine particle suspension treatment at a rate of 3,000 ml per minute. The mixture was charged into a reaction vessel purged with N2. 10 at 70℃
The reaction was brought to completion by continuing stirring for a period of time. After cooling to room temperature, salt [f- was added to decompose the calcium phosphate until −=2, and dehydration and washing were repeated to dry to obtain a toner. The volume average particle diameter of the obtained toner was 11.0μ, and it contained 72 particles in the number average particle diameter range of V/TDv, that is, in the range of 7.8μ to 15.6μ, so no classification operation was required. there were. Wardell's sphericity was 0.98.

40 copies of this toner i TDK company style ferrite carrier T
A developer was prepared by mixing with FC-381,000 parts, and the charge amount of the toner was measured using a blow-off charge 1 measuring device, and it was -27 μC/gr. This developer gold Toshiba high-speed copying machine ReoDry 8801f! : When a development test was conducted using this film, the resolution, gradation, and density of the peta area were extremely good, and there was no blurring or capri, and an image of unprecedented high quality was obtained. In addition, even in a high humidity environment of 35℃ and 85=ZRH, the charge amount is -26μC/gr, and there is no change in image quality.
It showed good characteristics.

Furthermore, the results of a continuous copying test of 10,000 sheets are IJ-
Good printing properties and almost no change in image quality -yfF-
0 Example 2 A polymerizable mixture obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was heated using a Nippon Seiki pressure homogenizer H instead of an ultrasonic homogenizer.
-3.3 per minute using XO (pressure 150 ky/m2)
After that, the same steps as in Example 1 were carried out to obtain a toner.

Comparative Example 1 Styrene 800 parts BA (-7.
Ichiko 7 Sushi-)-) 200, Zopinylbenzene 10 Dodecylmercaptan 10 A! Bisinbutyronitrile 20 Calcium phosphate 20 Water
The raw materials consisting of 5,000 yen were simply stirred and mixed using a stirrer, and then turbid polymerization was performed to obtain a polymer.

1000 parts of the above polymer Viscole
550P 40 Puntron 5-34
20 Elfte, Kusu-870 The above mixture was kneaded in a pressure kneader for 40 minutes, and after cooling, ZOE,
It was ground with a tomill. Volume average particle size 1 by classification operation
Comparison toner A with a regular shape in volume particle size distribution of 0.7μ
I got it.

Comparative Example 2 A polymerizable mixture obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was mixed into a dispersion of 20 parts of calcium phosphate and 500 parts of water in a reaction vessel equipped with a TK homo mixer (manufactured by l￥fshu Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
The mixture was stirred at 0.00 rpm, heated to 70° C. while blowing in N2, and stirred at 4000 rpm for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 10 hours by stirring with a conventional .9 Toure stirring blade. What was obtained had a volume average particle diameter of 13
．． The particle size distribution was broad with a number average particle size of 0μ and a number average particle diameter of 4.1μ. Volume average particle diameter 13.5μ by classification operation
Table 1 shows the characteristics and development test results of Toner B Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Toners A and B.

77'/''/' Table 1 (Note) Evaluation in the table: (!;)) Very good ○Good Δ
Fairly bad × Bad Example 3 Styrene 520 parts 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate 80BL-500 (Titan Kogyo magnetite) 400 Viscole 550P
40 (Poly!ropylene wax manufactured by Sanyo Chemical) Zentron 5-34 20 (Charge control agent manufactured by Orient Chemical) Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 10 Azobisisobutyronitrile 20 While thoroughly stirring the above raw materials, use a Nippon Seiki type ultrasonic homogenizer US
-300 (20kHz 300W) cells were connected in series with three chambers and subjected to fractional processing at a rate of 500rnl/min to obtain a polymerizable mixture9. The above polymerizable mixture was pressurized into a mixture of 10 parts of colloidal silica Aerosil 200 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil and 151 parts of Fuji Chemical and Droxyethyl Cellulose AC-150, which were stirred and dispersed in 5000 parts of water, and the above three-stage ultrasonic wave was applied while stirring. Fine particles were suspended outside the homogenizer at a speed of 3009 m/min, and charged into a reaction vessel in which N2 had been exchanged. 7
Continue stirring at 0°C for 10 hours to ensure complete reaction.

After cooling to room temperature, the product was dehydrated, washed, completely repeated, and dried to obtain toner gold. The volume average particle size of the obtained toner was 11.2 μm, and the number average particle size was 10.1 μm, so no classification operation was necessary. Wardell's sphericity was 0.97.

Use this toner on Canon's high-speed copying machine NP-500REK.
Therefore, when the image was extracted, the resolution was excellent, and a clear image without blur or capri was obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention can provide a toner f for developing electrostatic images suitable for high-speed development, which has excellent fluidity, exhibits high image quality, is free from fading, capri, etc., and exhibits good leaning properties.

Attorney: Patent Attorney Katsutoshi Takahashi Procedural Amendment (Spontaneous) December 9, 1986l Akio Kuroda, Director General of the Japan Patent Office1, Indication of the case 1981 Patent Application No. 1819252, Name of the invention Electrostatic charge image Toner for development and its manufacturing method 3, relationship with the amended person case Patent applicant: 3-35-58 Sakashita, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174 (2)
88) Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd. Representative Kawa
Kuni Mura Shigeru 4, Agent: Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd., 3-7-20 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103 Phone number: Tokyo (03) 272-4511 (Main representative)
,,-.

6. Contents of amendment (1) The specification and claims are corrected as shown in the attached sheet.

(2) r 13~ on page 1O lines 16-17 of the specification
Correct 40 kHz J to rlo ~ 40 kHz J.

(3) In the same book, page 12, line 10, “1 to 20 parts by weight” is replaced with “0.1 to 20 parts by weight, especially 1 to 20 parts by weight.”
Corrected to 20 parts by weight.

Above □-211. P78 - Claims ``1. Wardell's practical sphericity is 0.95 to 1.00.
, volume average particle diameter Dvρ by Coulter counter method
A toner for developing an electrostatic image, characterized in that 70% by weight or more of the total particles are within a particle size range of Dv.

2. A polymerizable mixture in which materials contained in toner such as dyes, pigments, and waxes are dissolved or dispersed in an addition polymerizable monomer is dispersed in water using an ultrasonic homogenizer or a pressure homogenizer, and then A substantially spherical particle with a Wardell practical sphericity of 0.95 to 1.00, which is characterized by suspension polymerization, and a volume average particle diameter by the Coulter counter method, i of 7.0 μ to 25.0 μ. A method for producing a toner for developing an electrostatic image, in which 70 weight percent or more of all particles are present within a particle size range having a particle size Dn of 5.0 μ4D.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that an ultrasonic homogenizer is used when dissolving or dispersing materials contained in the toner, such as dyes, pigments, and wax, in the addition polymerizable monomer. A method for producing toner for developing electrostatic images.

4. Ultrasonic homogenizer with frequency of 10 to 40 kHz
3. The method for producing a toner for developing an electrostatic image according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the toner has two or more cells containing an ultrasonic dispersion tool (horn).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Wardell's practical sphericity is 0.95 to 1.00, and the volume average particle diameter D_v by the Coulter counter method is 7.
0μ to 25.0μ, number average particle diameter D_n is 5.0μ to
25.0μ, and the volume particle size distribution is D_v/√2
~(√2)70% by weight of all particles within the particle size range of D_v
A toner for developing electrostatic images characterized by the presence of the above. 2. A polymerizable mixture in which materials contained in toner such as dyes, pigments, and waxes are dissolved or dispersed in an addition polymerizable monomer is dispersed in water using an ultrasonic homogenizer or a pressure homogenizer, and then Substantially spherical with a Wardell practical sphericity of 0.95 to 1.00, which is characterized by suspension polymerization, and a volume average particle diameter D_v of 7.0 μ to 25.0 μ by Coulter Counter method, and a number average particle diameter Electrostatic charge image development in which D_n is 5.0μ to 25.0μ and 70% by weight or more of all particles are within the particle size range of D_v/√2 to (√2)D_v in volume particle size distribution manufacturing method of toner for use in 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that an ultrasonic homogenizer is used when dissolving or dispersing materials contained in the toner, such as dyes, pigments, and wax, in the addition polymerizable monomer. A method for producing toner for developing electrostatic images. 4.Ultrasonic homogenizer has a frequency of 10 to 40kHz
2 cells containing an ultrasonic dispersion tool (horn)
The method for producing an electrostatic image developing toner according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the toner has at least one chamber. 5. An electrostatic image according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that 1 to 20 parts by weight of an organic suspension stabilizer is used in combination with 100 parts by weight of an inorganic suspension stabilizer. A method of manufacturing toner for development.