JPS6337874B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for handling grains that have been put into a tank (bottle) and deposited on the floorboard of the tank from below the floorboard of the tank. Grain is stored while being exposed to drying air (hot air or natural air) sent by an air blower so that it passes through the layer of grain accumulation and passes upward through numerous ventilation holes provided. This invention relates to a method of drying grain using a storage tank.

A grain storage tank in which the floor plate of a tank for storing grains is configured to be breathable so that drying air can be supplied from below the floor plate to the grains piled up and stored in the tank. The tank has the function of a grain drying device that dries the grain placed in the tank, but its drying capacity is limited to drying the grain that has been stored in the tank. to keep the grain dry during the storage period.
The drying loss rate is approximately 0.05%/h, and the capacity of the blower to supply drying air (air volume ratio = cubic meter per second per ton of grain) and drying air (normal temperature + 5°C ~
The capacity (calorific value) of the furnace to generate air (air heated to 10°C) is also set to achieve this drying rate (0.05%/h).

For this reason, for example, raw paddy harvested with a combine harvester has a high moisture content of around 25%.
When dealing with grains that will deteriorate if left in a pile for a long time, if you want to dry the grains to about 18% in 20 hours to avoid deterioration, it will take 25 hours. 7% which is the difference between % and 18%
In order to dry the water in 20 hours, the drying rate is
In order to achieve 0.35%/h, it is necessary to increase the temperature (calorific value) of the drying air by nearly 7 times, or to increase the air volume ratio of the blower by nearly 7 times. but,
The former method of increasing the temperature of the drying air results in deterioration of the grain (shell splitting), so the latter method of increasing the air volume ratio can be achieved by replacing the blower with one with higher capacity, or by There are constraints that must be met by minimizing the amount of grain loaded into the grain tank and reducing the stacking height.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned limitations and effectively utilize a large-capacity grain storage tank to dry a large amount of high-moisture grain such as raw paddy. It is something.

The grain drying method using the grain storage tank according to the present invention to achieve this purpose is as follows:
The grains to be dried are stored in a grain storage tank in which the floor plate of the tank containing the grains is formed to be breathable and a blower device is connected and communicated to send drying air to the air guide path below the floor plate. Inside the tank, grains are divided based on the amount within the range that allows the pile height to be dried within a time period in which deterioration does not occur due to the drying air supplied by the above-mentioned blower, and the divided amount of grain is placed in the storage tank. The grains are charged and dried, and then the grains in the divided amount are newly added and piled on top of the grains in the divided amount that have already been dried, and the grains are then dried. After or while stirring and mixing the finished grains, drying air is sent to the grains using the blower described above to dry them, and then the grains in the divided amount are placed on top of the grains. This method is characterized by repeating the process of additionally charging and depositing grains, stirring and mixing them with grains that have already been dried, and drying them by sending drying air from the aforementioned blower device.

Next, to explain the embodiment in more detail according to the drawings, in FIG. The machine wall 1 is installed at a height slightly elevated from the top surface of the base 2.
A floor plate 3 made of a mesh or the like is installed to provide air permeability in the inner cavity surrounded by the machine wall 1, and a roof 4 is installed above the inner cavity surrounded by the machine wall 1. The grains are fed in by a grain lifting machine 5 (bucket conveyor) installed upright on the outer surface of the machine wall 1 and a screw conveyor 6 for loading, and the grains are discharged from the tank a as described above. This is carried out using a discharge port 7 formed in the center of the floor plate 3 and a discharge conveyor 8 disposed below the floor plate 3 with its starting end communicating with the discharge port 7. Furthermore, the grains remaining on the floor plate 3 are dredged. The discharge is carried out by an auger 9 installed on the upper surface of the floor plate 3 so as to rotate while revolving around the center of the floor plate 3, and the tank a A blower device b is connected and communicated with the air guide path 10 formed below the floor plate 3 to supply drying air to the grains charged in the interior. Dry air (outside air at room temperature or outside air heated to about 5°C to 10°C above room temperature by the furnace c combined with the blower b) blows up onto the upper surface of the floorboard 3 from the numerous ventilation holes provided in the floorboard 3. This is the same as what is conventionally known.

The tank a has a capacity such that the amount of grain is 200 tons when the grain is filled up to the height of the reference line W shown by the chain line in FIG. The height position is approximately 3.5 m from the upper surface of the floor plate 3, and the above-mentioned blower b is configured such that the height position is approximately 3.5 m from the upper surface of the floor plate 3. , the ability of wind with an air volume ratio of 0.05m ³ /st (0.05 cubic meters per second per ton of grains) to blow through the accumulated grain layer, 0.05m ³ /st x 200 = 10m ³ /s. This allows the drying rate (temperature difference is 5°C to 10°C).
In the range of °C, the value is approximately equal to the air volume ratio) is 0.05
The grain storage tank A has a drying capacity of %/h.

When drying grains using the grain storage tank A configured in this way, if there is a high moisture content in the tank A, such as raw paddy harvested with a combine harvester, with a moisture content of around 25%. If you try to dry the grains to the full capacity to a moisture content of around 18% without deterioration, the drying rate will be 7%, which is the difference between 25% and 18%. Since it is dried with a drying capacity of 0.05%/h, it takes a long time of 140 hours to finish drying.
This results in deterioration during the drying process. but,
If the amount of grains to be poured into tank a is, for example, one-fifth of the specified capacity when storing grains, and the grains are deposited shallowly so that the height of the grains from the top of the floor plate 3 is 0.7 m, As is clear from the table of experimental results shown in Figure 2, the reduction in grain resistance when drying air blows through the grain layer reduces the air volume ratio to 0.35 m ³ /st.
and the drying rate is 0.35.
m ³ /h, so drying to 18% can now be done in about 20 hours, which is the limit of time required to dry raw paddy without deterioration.
This proves that when drying high-moisture grains using grain storage tank A, it is sufficient to minimize the amount of grains introduced into tank a and deposit them shallowly.

However, in this way, grain storage tank A is
The method of drying the grain by using only a small part of its capacity has the inconvenience of having to drain the grain frequently, and the fact that most of the lumen of the tank is left unused during the drying process. The part of
It is inefficient and cannot be used to store dried grains.

By the way, in tank a, there are grains as mentioned above.
When the amount of grain that would make a pile height of 0.7 m was added and dried to 17.2%, the same amount of grain with a moisture content of 24% was added on top of the dried grain.
Combined with the dried grains, the height of the pile is doubled.
When the particles were deposited to a depth of 1.4 m and the drying process was continued by stirring and mixing, the air volume ratio was halved to 0.17 m ³ /st, as shown in the experimental report in Figure 2 above.
As a result, the drying rate is 0.15%/h, which is half the drying rate of 0.34%/h during the first drying process, but the average moisture content of the grains deposited in tank a is (24+17. 2) ÷ 2 = 20.6%, so if you continue drying for 20 hours in the same way as the first drying process, the moisture content will decrease by 3%, which is 17.6%.
% moisture content. In addition, the same amount of grain with a moisture content of 24% as above was added to the grains dried to a moisture content of 17.6% in this way, and the pile height was three times that of 0.7 m. If they are deposited in a certain 2.1m area, stirred and mixed, and the drying process is continued, the air volume ratio will be as shown in the table in Figure 2 above.
The drying rate decreases to 0.10%/st, the drying rate decreases to 0.09%/h, and the ability to dry 1.8% of moisture in the 20-hour drying process decreases, but the grain deposited in tank a Since the average moisture content of the grains is 24 + (17.6 x 2) / 3 = 19.7%, the grains in tank a will dry to 19.7 - 1.8 = 17.9%. Then, in the same way, when additionally charging the same amount of grains as above and stacking them to a height of 2.8 m and drying them, the grains with an average moisture content of 19.4% are 0.065%/
h, the entire grain can be dried to a moisture content of 18.1% after 20 hours, and the same amount of grain can be added to the full pile height. When grains are piled up to a certain height of 3.5 m and dried in the same way, grains with an average moisture content of 19.3% are dried at a drying rate of 0.05%/h, and after 20 hours the whole grain is dried. It will be possible to dry the grain to 18.3%.

In other words, as the air volume ratio decreases, the drying rate decreases, but if we look at the drying capacity for the amount of grain that is divided and input, as shown by the chain line in the chart of Figure 3, the drying rate decreases when the initial 0.7 m The result is almost the same as the ability when it is spread to the same amount as the pile height and dried.

Therefore, in the present invention, when drying grains using the grain storage tank A, as described above, the grains can be dried within a range of a pile height that allows the grains to be dried within a predetermined drying time. The present invention proposes a means for drying by dividing the amount into appropriate amounts and adding additional amount each time drying is completed and stirring.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
A guide shaft 20 that rotates while revolving around the axial center of the inner cavity is mounted on the guide shaft 20.
The support machine frame 21...... which reciprocates on the shaft 20 due to the rotation of the machine is supported, and the support machine frame 21......
It may be carried out as appropriate, such as by installing a vertical auger 22 which is driven and rotated so as to cause the grains to flow upward.

As explained above, according to the present invention, grain can be dried using the grain storage tank A by effectively utilizing the capacity of the tank A without frequently discharging the grains. At the same time, while storing dried grains in tank a, undried grains are dried one after another, so a large amount of grains can be stored in a grain storage tank. Can be dried efficiently.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a grain storage tank used in carrying out the method of the present invention, Figure 2 is a chart showing the relationship between air volume ratio and static pressure when the pile height is changed, and Figure 3 is a diagram of the present invention. It is a chart showing changes in moisture content during the drying process of grains according to the invention method. Explanation of drawing symbols, A...Grain storage tank, a
... Tank, 3 ... Floor board, b ... Air blower, 22
...Vertical auger.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Grain to be dried in a grain storage tank that has a breathable floor plate and is connected to a blower device that supplies drying air to the air guide path below the floor plate. Inside the tank, grains are divided based on the amount within the range that allows the pile height to be dried within a period of time without deterioration by the drying air sent by the above-mentioned blower, and the divided amount of grains is placed in the storage tank. and dry it.
Next, a new divided amount of grains is added and piled on top of the divided amount of grains that have been dried, and the grains are mixed with the grains that have been dried. After mixing or while stirring and mixing, the grains are dried by blowing drying air with the air blower, and further, the grains in the divided amount are additionally charged and piled on top of the grains. A method for drying grains using a grain storage tank characterized by repeating the process of drying the grains by stirring and mixing them with the grains that have already been dried and drying them by sending drying air from the aforementioned blower device.