JPS6332018B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention is installed in a vehicle, etc., and after an internal combustion engine is driven by a starter motor, this internal combustion engine drives an alternator, and the induced alternating current output is passed through a rectifier. The present invention relates to a DC three-wire rectifier protection circuit for a vehicle that protects the rectifier in a DC three-wire circuit for a vehicle that rectifies and charges a storage battery.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional three-wire DC circuit for vehicles. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a first AC power generator that is equipped with an armature coil 1a and a field coil 1b connected in a three-phase star shape, is installed in a vehicle (not shown), and is rotationally driven by an internal combustion engine (not shown). machine,
2 is a second alternating current generator that is equipped with an armature coil 2a and a field coil 2b connected in a three-phase star shape, is installed in a vehicle (not shown), and is rotationally driven by an internal combustion engine (not shown); The AC output of the first alternator 1 is full-wave rectified, and the (+) side rectified output terminal 3
a and a (-) side rectified output terminal 3b.
The three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 performs full-wave rectification on the AC output of the second alternator 2, and has a (+) side rectified output terminal 4a and a (-) side rectified output terminal 4b. The three-phase full-wave rectifiers 5a and 5b control the currents flowing through the field coil 1b of the first alternator 1 and the field coil 2b of the second alternator 2, respectively, so that the first alternating current A first voltage regulator and a second voltage regulator that control the output voltages of the generator 1 and the second alternator 2 to desired values; 6 is the first three-phase full-wave rectifier 3; The (+) side wiring 7 connects to the (+) side rectifier output terminal 3a and the (-) side rectifier output terminal 3b of the first three-phase full-wave rectifier 3 and the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4. A neutral wire connected to the (+) side rectifier output terminal 4a and grounded, 8 a (-) side wiring connected to the (-) side rectifier output terminal 4b of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4; 9a and 9b are a first electric load and a second electric load connected between the (+) side wiring 6 and the neutral line 7 and between the neutral line 7 and the (-) side wiring 8, respectively;
10a has its (+) side power supply terminal connected to the (+) side wiring 6
The first storage battery 10b is connected to the neutral wire 7, and 10b is the second storage battery whose (+) side power terminal is connected to the neutral wire 7.
1a is a first battery switch 11 whose fixed contact is connected to the (-) side power terminal of the first storage battery 10a and whose movable contact is connected to the neutral wire 7;
b is the fixed contact of the second storage battery 10b (-)
a second battery switch 12 connected to the side power supply terminal and whose movable contact is connected to the (-) side wiring 8;
13 is a starting motor, a drive coil 13a whose one end is connected to the (-) side wiring 8, a normally open fixed contact 13b connected to the (+) side wiring 6, and a normally open terminal connected to the (+) side terminal of the starting motor 12. An electromagnetic relay for driving the starting motor 12 equipped with a movable contact 13c, 14 a starting switch whose one fixed contact is connected to the other end of the driving coil 13a of the electromagnetic relay for driving 13; 15;
is a first key switch whose movable contact is connected to the other end of the starting switch 14 and whose fixed contact is connected to the other end of the field coil 1b of the first alternator 1;
Reference numeral 16 has a movable contact connected to the neutral wire 7, a fixed contact connected to the other end of the field coil 2b of the second alternator 2, and a second key switch 16 that operates in conjunction with the first key switch 15. The key switch 17 is a third electric load such as a motor connected between the (+) side wiring 6 and the (-) side wiring 8.

Next, the operation of the vehicular DC three-wire circuit having the above configuration will be explained.

First, when the internal combustion engine is in a stopped state, the first battery switch 11a and the second battery switch 11a are switched on.
switch 11b, first key switch 15, second
When the key switch 16 is closed, the field coil 1b of the first alternator 1 is connected to the first storage battery 10a.
- (+) power supply terminal of - first key switch 15 - field coil 1b - first voltage regulator 5a - neutral wire 7 - first battery switch 11a - (-) power supply terminal of first storage battery 10a Due to the closed circuit of
Field current flows and field magnetomotive force is generated. Similarly, the field coil 2b of the second AC generator 2 is connected to the (+) power supply terminal of the second storage battery 10b, the second key switch 16, the field coil 2b, the second voltage regulator 5b, and the (-) terminal of the second storage battery 10b. ) side wiring 8-second battery
Due to the closed circuit between the switch 11b and the (-) side power supply terminal of the second storage battery 10b, a field current flows and a field magnetomotive force is generated. In this state, start switch 14
When closed, the drive coil 13a of the drive electromagnetic relay 13 is connected to the (+) power terminal of the first storage battery 10a, the start switch 14, the drive coil 13a, the closed second battery switch 11b, and the second battery switch 11b.
storage battery 10b - the first battery in the closed state;
It is energized by a closed circuit between the switch 11a and the (-) power terminal of the first storage battery 10a. Therefore, the normally open movable contact 13 is energized by the drive coil 13a.
c operates and contacts the normally open fixed contact 13b. Therefore, the starting motor 12 is connected to the first
The voltage of the storage battery 10a and the second storage battery 10b is applied to rotate. Therefore, when the internal combustion engine (not shown) starts, the first alternator 1 and the second alternator 2 rotate. For this reason,
AC output is induced in the armature coil 1a of the first AC generator 1 and the armature coil 2a of the second AC generator 2. These AC outputs are full-wave rectified by a first three-phase full-wave rectifier 3 and a second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4, respectively, and then charged to the first storage battery 10a and the second storage battery 10b, respectively. At the same time, power is supplied to the first electrical load 9a, the second electrical load 9b, and the third electrical load 17.
Further, these rectified outputs are controlled to predetermined values by the first voltage regulator 5a and the second voltage regulator 5b, respectively.

However, according to the conventional vehicular DC three-wire circuit, for example, the second battery switch 11b
When the connection becomes poor, the drive coil 1 of the drive electromagnetic relay 13 is closed by closing the start switch 14.
3a is the (+) power terminal of the first storage battery 10a - the starting switch 14 - the drive coil 13a of the drive electromagnetic relay 13 - the (-) side wiring 8 - the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 - the neutral wire 7 - First battery switch 11a - energized by a closed circuit of the (-) power terminal of the first storage battery 10a. Therefore, the normally open movable contact 13c of the driving electromagnetic relay 13 operates,
It contacts the normally open fixed contact 13b. Therefore, the (+) power supply terminal of the first storage battery 10a - the normally open fixed contact 13b and the normally open movable contact 13c of the driving electromagnetic relay 13 - the starting motor 12 - (-) side wiring 8 - the second
A large current flows through the closed circuit of the three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 - the neutral wire 7 - the first battery switch 11a - the (-) power terminal of the first storage battery 10a, and the second three-phase full-wave rectifier Device 4 is damaged. Similarly, when the first battery switch 11a has a poor contact, a large current flows through the first three-phase full-wave rectifier 3, causing damage. Similarly, if the terminal part of the first storage battery 10a or the terminal part of the second storage battery 10b has a poor contact, or when the third electric load 17 is turned on, the first three-phase full-wave There was a drawback that a large current flowed through the rectifier 3 and the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4, causing them to be damaged.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a DC three-wire rectifier protection circuit for vehicles that prevents large current from flowing through the rectifier and protects the rectifier even if a contact failure occurs in a battery switch or the like. It provides:

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention connects both the (+) side wiring and the (-) side wiring, or the neutral wire, so that the current exceeding the allowable current of the first and second rectifiers is It is equipped with a current detection type switch which detects current flow and opens the circuit, and will be described in detail below using examples.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a DC three-wire type rectifier protection circuit for a vehicle according to the present invention. In the figure, 18 is inserted between the (+) side wiring 6 on the rectifier side and the (+) side wiring 6a on the load side, and the current flowing through this (+) side wiring 6 is connected to the first three-phase A first current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay that detects that the allowable current of the full-wave rectifier 3 has been exceeded and opens the normally closed contact; -) side wiring 8a, and the current flowing through this (-) side wiring 8a is
This is a second current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay that detects that the allowable current of the three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 has been exceeded and opens the normally closed contact.

Next, the operation of the vehicle DC three-wire rectifier protection circuit having the above configuration will be explained.

First, in a normal state where there is no contact failure in the battery switch, etc., when the internal combustion engine is stopped, the first battery switch 11a, the second battery switch 11b, the first key switch 15, and the second When the key switch 16 is closed, the field coil 1b of the first alternator 1 is connected to the (+) side power supply terminal of the first storage battery 10a - the first
key switch 15 - field coil 1b - first voltage regulator 5a - neutral wire 7 - first battery
Due to the closed circuit between the switch 11a and the (-) side power supply terminal of the first storage battery 10a, a field current flows and a field magnetomotive force is generated. Similarly, the second alternator 2
The field coil 2b includes the (+) side power supply terminal of the second storage battery 10b, the second key switch 16, the field coil 2b, the second voltage regulator 5b, the (-) side wiring 8 on the rectifier side, and the No. 2 current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay 19 - load side (-) side wiring 8a second battery switch 11b - second storage battery 10
Due to the closed circuit of the (-) side power supply terminal b, a field current flows and a field magnetomotive force is generated. In this state, when the start switch 14 is closed, the drive coil 13a of the drive electromagnetic relay 13 is connected to the first storage battery 10a.
(+) power supply terminal - start switch 14 - drive coil 13a - second battery switch 11b -
It is energized by a closed circuit between the second storage battery 10b, the first battery switch 11a, and the (-) power terminal of the first storage battery 10a. This drive coil 13
The normally open movable contact 13c operates due to the bias of a, and comes into contact with the normally open fixed contact 13b. For this reason,
The starting motor 12 rotates when voltages from the first storage battery 10a and the second storage battery 10b connected in series are applied. Therefore, when the internal combustion engine (not shown) starts, the first alternator 1 and the second alternator 2 rotate. Therefore, the armature coil 1a of the first alternator 1 and the second
An alternating current output is induced in the armature coil 2a of the alternating current generator 2. These AC outputs are the first
After being full-wave rectified by the three-phase full-wave rectifier 3 and the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4, the first storage battery 10a and the second storage battery 10b are charged, respectively, and the first electric load is 9a, the second electrical load 9b, and the third electrical load 17.
Further, these rectified outputs are controlled to predetermined values by the first voltage regulator 5a and the second voltage regulator 5b, respectively.

Next, for example, the second battery switch 11
An operation that can reliably prevent damage to the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 even if a contact failure occurs in the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 will be described. First, by closing the start switch 14, the (+) power terminal of the first storage battery 10a - the start switch 14 - the drive coil 13 of the drive electromagnetic relay 13 is connected.
a - Load side (-) side wiring 8a - Second current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay 19 - Rectification side (-) side wiring 8 - Second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 - Neutral wire 7 - First battery switch 11a - first storage battery 1
The drive coil 13a of the drive electromagnetic relay 13 is energized by the closed circuit of the (-) power supply terminal 0a.
Therefore, the normally open movable contact 13c operates and contacts the normally open fixed contact 13b. For this reason, the (+) power supply terminal of the first storage battery 10a - the normally open fixed contact 13b of the drive electromagnetic relay 13, the normally open movable contact 13
c-Starting motor 12-Load side (-) side wiring 8a
- Second current detection self-holding electromagnetic relay 19 - Rectifier (-) side wiring 8 - Second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 - Neutral wire 7 - First battery switch 11
A-A current flows through the closed circuit of the (-) power supply terminal of the first storage battery 10a. The current flowing in this closed circuit is
When the allowable current of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 is exceeded, this second current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay 1
9 detects this current value and opens the circuit. For this reason,
Damage to the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 can be reliably prevented.

Similarly, if a contact failure occurs in the first battery switch 11a at startup or a contact failure in the terminal portion of the first storage battery 10a or second storage battery 10b occurs when the start switch 14 is closed, the first poor contact of the battery switch 11a or the second battery switch 11b,
First storage battery 10a or second storage battery 10b
The third electrical load 17 is due to poor contact at the terminal of
Similarly, damage to the first three-phase full-wave rectifier 3 and the second three-phase full-wave rectifier 4 can be reliably prevented in the case where this occurs when the three-phase full-wave rectifier is connected.

Further, in the above embodiment, the first wire is connected to the (+) side wiring 6.
Insert the current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay of (-)
The case where the second current detection type self-holding relay is inserted into the side wiring 8 has been explained, but if the allowable current of the first three-phase full-wave rectifier and the second three-phase full-wave rectifier are the same, Of course, a current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay 20 may be inserted into the neutral wire 7 as shown in FIG.

As described above in detail, the three-wire DC rectifier protection circuit for vehicles according to the present invention has the effect of reliably preventing damage to the rectifier with a simple configuration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional three-wire DC circuit for a vehicle, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a three-wire DC rectifier protection circuit for a vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the vehicular three-wire DC rectifier protection circuit. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... First alternating current generator, 1a... Armature coil, 1b... Field coil, 2... Second alternating current generator, 2a... Armature coil, 2b... Field coil, 3... ...First three-phase full-wave rectifier, 3a...
(+) side rectification output terminal, 3b... (-) side rectification output terminal, 4... Second three-phase full-wave rectifier, 4a...
...(+) side rectifier output terminal, 4b...(-) side rectifier output terminal, 5a...first voltage regulator, 5b...
...Second voltage regulator, 6...(+) side wiring, 7
...Neutral wire, 8...(-) side wiring, 9a...1st
electrical load, 9b... second electrical load, 10a...
...First storage battery, 10b...Second storage battery, 11
a...First battery switch, 11b...
Second battery switch, 12...Starting motor, 13...Driving electromagnetic relay, 13a...Driving coil, 13b...Normally open fixed contact, 13c...Normally open movable contact, 14...Starting switch, 15 ...First key switch, 16...Second key switch, 17...Third electric load, 18...First current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay, 19...Second current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay Relay, 20... Current detection type self-holding electromagnetic relay. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A starter motor that starts an internal combustion engine, a first alternator and a second alternator that are rotationally driven by the operation of the internal combustion engine, and an alternating current output of the first and second alternators. a first rectifying device and a second rectifying device, each rectifying the current;
and a first storage battery and a second storage battery each charged by the rectified output of the second rectifier;
A first voltage regulator and a second voltage regulator that control the field current flowing through each field coil of the first and second alternators to control the AC outputs of the first and second alternators to a desired value. a (+) side wiring connected to the (+) side output terminal of the first rectifier, and a (-) side wiring connected to the (-) side output terminal of the second rectifier; A neutral wire that is commonly connected to the (-) side output terminal of the first rectifier and the (+) side wiring of the second rectifier, and a neutral wire that is connected to both the (+) side wiring and the (-) side wiring, Or connect it to the neutral wire,
1. A three-wire direct current rectifier protection circuit for a vehicle, comprising a current detection type switch that opens when a current exceeding the permissible current of the first and second rectifiers flows.