JPS633115A - Burning condition detecting device for incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit the regulation of supply of garbage as well as the collapsing of a bridge quickly, by a method wherein burning condition is detected based on the wall surface temperatures of a hopper, which supplies incinerated materials into an incinerator, and the incinerator. CONSTITUTION:Detecting devices 21 are arranged on the lower part 103a of the front wall 103 of a hopper 93 near the top wall 27 of a supplying hole 94 so as to form the shape of matrix. A signal from the detecting devices 21 is directed to an alarm device 37 in a crane operating chamber 36. When the generation of a bridge 106 is detected by the ditection of an abnormal temperature rise, for example, the place of generation is specified and is informed to an operator by alarm or the like. When the operator confirms the generation of the bridge visually, he pushes the starting button 38 of a bridge removing device 39 quickly to return the burning condition of an incinerator to a normal condition. According to this method, troubles, such as the burning damage of the lower part of the hopper, the sudden cooling of a furnace wall due to the inflow of atmosphere or the like, may be prevented and the incinerator may be operated and controlled stably.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for detecting combustion conditions in an incinerator.

Prior Art FIG. 11 is a simplified vertical cross-sectional view of a garbage incinerator 1 in the prior art, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a section a in FIG. 11.
It is a sectional view seen from n-xi. The garbage incinerator 1 generally includes a furnace body 2, a hopper 3 for charging and storing garbage, a supply hole 4 connecting the two, and a crane packet 5 for loading the garbage. ．． Below the supply hole 4, garbage 6 from the hopper 3 is removed by reciprocating horizontal movement, etc.
A supply bag 27 formed in a stepped shape or the like is provided to supply the furnace body 2 .

The hopper 3 has an L-shaped side wall 11.12 and an almost vertically extending front! ! ! 1 3 and the front wall 1 facing upwards.
3 and a rear wall 14 extending in a direction away from 3.
The lower portions 11a to 14a of these walls 11 to 14 are formed of double walls to improve heat radiation, and the inner plates 1lb-
Gap 11cl to 14d between 14b and outside @ 11c-14c
Cooling water 15 is supplied to the.

When the garbage 6 is normally fed into the hopper 3 from the crane packet 5, as shown in FIG. The waste 6 is supplied to the tank and goes through the steps of drying, main combustion, and post-combustion.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the prior art described above, it is impossible to precisely adjust the supply of the garbage 6 according to its properties and shape. In other words, even if you try to monitor the nature and shape of the garbage 6 by using the crane scraper or by a person placed at the garbage inlet at the top of the hotspot 3, only the surface of the accumulated garbage 6 can be seen from both of them. The nature and shape of the garbage 6 that is about to be fed into the main body 2 cannot be determined, and if appropriate monitoring windows are provided in the lower portions 11a to 14a of the monitors 11 to 14, these should be constantly inspected. Since it must be monitored, a full-time monitor is required, which increases personnel costs. Furthermore, there is also the problem that it takes time to deal with the occurrence of blockage n<16 (hereinafter abbreviated as "pritsuno") shown below.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which the prunes 16 are formed. Blitz 71G is generally affected by the properties and shape of the garbage 6, such as size, degree of protrusions, specific gravity, moisture content, stickiness, etc., as well as the loading position and loading speed from the crane packet 5, etc. and occurs suddenly. When this bridge 16 occurs, the dust 6a above the area where it occurs
The dust 6b at the lower part of the generation point is drawn into the furnace body 2 by the supply device 7, but since the following dust is renewed, the density of the dust in the vicinity is reduced compared to normal.

When the supply of dust 6 to the furnace becomes abnormal in this way,
This abnormality appears as a decrease in the temperature inside the furnace, the combustion gas temperature, and the steam pressure or amount of steam generated in the furnace equipped with a boiler, but it takes time to understand the abnormality in the supply of garbage 6 from these phenomena. Due to the delay involved, it is difficult to accurately detect these at an early stage.

If the detection of the bridge 16 is delayed, the combustion of the dust 6b will progress in the lower part of the hopper 3, and the lower parts 11a-14a of the hopper 3 will be
The temperature will be 500-600°C, causing burnout of the part. Moreover, since the combustion part extends upward, the material seal in the furnace due to the dust 6 is also destroyed. On the other hand, the furnace body 2 is always maintained at a slight negative pressure in order to prevent flames from spewing out from openings such as viewing windows in the furnace wall. Therefore, if the material seal is destroyed by the dust 6, outside air will rapidly flow into the furnace, causing rapid cooling of the furnace walls, especially the ceiling of the drying process area 17, which will also have an adverse effect on the refractory materials. A major obstacle arises.

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the properties of garbage in a garbage incinerator,
Alternatively, the incinerator's burning situation can be detected by quickly detecting an abnormality in the supply of garbage due to the occurrence of bulges, thereby making it possible to quickly take measures to adjust the supply of garbage or destroy the bridge. The purpose is to provide equipment.

Means for Solving the Interference Point The present invention detects the wall surface temperature of at least one of the hopper that supplies the incineration material to the incinerator and the incinerator, and detects the combustion state based on the change in temperature. This is a combustion state detection device for an incinerator.

Function The present invention detects the surface temperature of the hopper wall, and controls the supply of the incinerated raw material according to the properties of the incinerated raw material to be separated. 4 Adjust. Also, if Puritsuno occurs,
The flames and hot air currents generated by the decrease in the density of the incinerated raw material on the downstream side of the incinerated raw material conveyance direction of Pritsuno and the decrease in the thickness of the incinerated raw material layer in the drying process area, which are induced in a relatively short period of time, can reach the lower end of the hopper. By detecting an abnormal rise in the temperature of the hopper wall surface, the occurrence of a bridge can be quickly detected, and the location where the bridge has occurred can be identified, allowing prompt measures to be taken to destroy the bridge.

Example! Figure jIJ1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the mounting portion of the detection device 21 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line ■-■ in Figure 1, and Figure f: lS3. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the mounting portion of the detection device 21, FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the detection device 21. It is a diagram.

The garbage incinerator 91 generally includes a furnace body 92, a hopper 93 into which garbage is charged and stored, and a supply hole 9 that connects the two.
S, and a crane packet 95 for throwing in garbage. Below the supply hole 94, there is provided a supply device 97 formed in a stepped shape or the like that supplies the waste 96 from the hopper 93 to the furnace body 92 by reciprocating horizontal movement or the like.

The hopper 93 has an L-shaped wall 101.
102, a front 11103 extending substantially vertically, and a rear wall 104 extending upward and away from the front wall 103.
It consists of Lower part 1 of these walls 101-104
01a to 104a are formed with 2m walls in order to improve heat dissipation, and the inner panels 101b to 104b and the outer panel 101
Cooling water 105 is supplied to the gaps 101d to 104d with cm104c.

The detection device 21 includes a cylindrical body 2 formed around 10 cm in diameter.
2, two holding fi 23, 24, 7 ranks 25, and a temperature detection element 26. The detection devices 21 are arranged in a matrix in the lower part 103a of the front wall 103 of the hopper 93 near the top wall 27 of the supply hole 94 at intervals of 60 cm to 11 cm. This is due to the following reasons.

Dust is generally a mixture of many types of substances with many voids, and its thermal conductivity is not high.

For this reason, when the steel plate in contact with the dust 9G is separated by a certain distance, a difference in temperature will appear depending on the nature of the dust 96. In addition, when the dust 106 occurs, especially in the lower part 103a of the front wall 103, the temperature of the wall surface of the upper part 106a of the dust 96 above the generation point of the dust 96 and the space created by the falling dust 96 increase. Lower part 106b of Pritsuno, where the temperature has increased due to flames and hot airflow from within.
There is a noticeable difference in temperature between the wall temperature and the wall temperature. Furthermore, regarding the condition of the garbage 96 in the hopper 93, as shown in the first diagram, the density of the garbage 96 is generally lower on the front wall 103 side, which is the traveling direction of the garbage 96, than on the rear wall 10411111.

Therefore, when the level of dust in the hopper 93 becomes low,
The above-mentioned material sealing effect of the hopper 93 is
6 tends to be easily torn from the front wall 1031111, which is the direction of movement. Therefore, it is most effective to provide the detection device 21 on the lower part 103a of the front wall 103 located in the direction of movement of the garbage 96 to detect the occurrence of bridging, and it is also preferable to provide the detection device 21 in a matrix. It is possible to determine the nature of the garbage 96 for each range,
It is possible to identify the location of occurrence of blizzard in any location, and to take prompt action.

Next, the method for installing the detection device 21 will be described.

The lower portion 103a of the front wall 103 is connected to the inner plate 1 as described above.
03b, the outer plate 103c, and the gap 103cl between them.
The cooling water 1 is formed in this gap 103d.
05 is supplied. Therefore, the cylindrical body 22
It is inserted through a mounting hole 31 formed to have a size equal to the outer shape of the cylinder 22 provided in the cylinder 22, and is inserted into the inner plate 103b in order to prevent the above-mentioned cooling water 105 from entering into the cylinder 22. The end portion 22a of the cylindrical body 22 in contact with the inner plate 103b is hermetically welded to the inner plate 103b on its entire inner circumferential surface. Further, the periphery of the attachment hole 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the front body 22 are similarly welded airtightly to prevent leakage of the cooling water 105.

The temperature detection element 26 is formed of two different metals, and detects the temperature based on the thermoelectromotive force between them. The temperature detecting end 26a of the temperature detecting element 26 fits into and abuts a recess 32 provided in the inner plate 103 with a groove. In addition, the temperature detection element 2G is inserted into the holding front 23, 24 and the 7 rungs 25.
Contact with a. The mounting bracket 33 is inserted into a threaded rod 34 protruding from the outer panel 103c and hinged with a nut 35. By performing the counterbore, rust on the surface of the inner plate 103b that the temperature detection end 26a contacts is removed, and the surface of the inner plate 103b is also removed.
The temperature on the surface of the hopper side can be measured more accurately.

The signal from the detection device fi21 installed in this way is guided to the alarm device 37 in the crane operation room 36, and by detecting an abnormal temperature rise, the occurrence of the blizzard 106 is detected, and the location of the occurrence is specified. Notify the operating tool with an alarm, etc. When the operating tool visually confirms the occurrence of blister, it immediately presses and stirs the starting button 38 of the bridge removing device 39, which will be described later, to restore normal operation.

Furthermore, by knowing the wall surface temperature inside the hopper 93 from the displayed temperature, it is also possible to regularly detect changes in the properties of the dust 96, drying status, material seal status, etc.

This information not only serves as a deciding factor for appropriate garbage input and agitation (based on these conditions, the crane agitation shell communicates with the furnace operating equipment as appropriate), but also determines the appropriateness of the garbage incinerator. This contributes to effective operation management.

By increasing the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 22 of the detection device 21, it is possible to follow actual temperature changes more quickly.

It is desirable that the detection devices 21 be arranged in a matrix at appropriate intervals, but one detection device 21 may be used.

Figure 7 for the dog! 510 Referring to Fig. 510, bridge removal device 3
Let's talk about 9. Near the opening of the hopper 93, there is a gate type 7.
A frame 40 is erected. This portal frame 40 has base ends 41a and 42a of its left and right legs g41.42 connected by a pair of horizontal bins 43.44 having a common axis.
It is supported by the left and right floor support legs 45 and 46, respectively.

The floor support beam 45.46 and the vertical middle part of the leg part 41.42 are connected diagonally to each other by a 7-frame swinging hand 47.48 consisting of a left and right pair of hydraulic sills attached to the frame. 40 is able to swing freely around the axes of the bins 43 and 44.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the end portion 49 of the gate-shaped frame 40 consists of two square-shaped rails 53 and 54 arranged in couplets in the horizontal direction.

A movable body 55, which can be moved freely by remote control, is mounted on the channel-shaped steel rails 53,54. This movable body 55 includes a main body 56 whose outer shape is a long frame along the rails 53 and 54, and a destruction rod (described later) that is provided on the upper surface of the front part (the left end in FIG. 9) of the main body 56. A pair of support brackets 58, 59 for mounting the means 57, and four traveling vehicles provided on the front and rear and left and right sides to travel on the rails 53, 54 (iD! 7 langes 53a, 54a). .62, 63.64, and receiving wheels 65.66°6 that sandwich the 7 run portions below each running wheel.
7, f38, a motor 69 attached to the rear part of the main body 56, a rotation transmission means 70 for transmitting the rotation of the motor 69 to the rear traveling wheels 63, and a rotation transmitting means 70 that contacts and rotates the web portion of the rail 53, 54. It is composed of four guide rollers 71, 72, 73, and 74 that guide the moving body 55. The rotation transmission means 70 consists of a driving sprocket 75 provided at the end of the motor shaft, a driven sprocket 76 attached to the t & constant traveling wheel 63 shaft, and a chain hooked on both sprockets. It consists of 77.

On the support brackets 58 and 59, the breaking rod advance/retreat means 5 made of a hydraulic sill to which a support band 78 is fastened is attached.
7 is pivotally supported around the axis of $1179 via ir:tIJJ79 protruding from the support band 78. The breaking rod advancing/retreating means 57 is moved by the breaking rod swinging means 80, which is another hydraulic sill, via the rrtJ recorder 79.
The movable body 55 is swung to be in a horizontal state and a vertical state along its length direction. For this reason, a connection bracket 81 is provided on the side wall of the breaking rod advancing/retracting means 57, which protrudes toward the breaking rod swinging means 80 below the position of the support band 78 when the means 57 is in a vertical state. The tip of the piston of the breaking rod swinging means 80 is pivotally supported on the connection bracket 81 by a connection pin 82. The base of the breaking rod swinging means 80 is pivotally supported by the main body 56.

The piston rod of the breaking rod advancing/retracting means 57 is a prismatic breaking rod 85. That is, the Pritsuno breaking rod 85 includes a breaking rod main body 86, a truncated conical bridge breaking section 87 that continues to the tip side of the breaking rod main body, and a bridge breaking section 87 that protrudes from the center of the bottom surface of the Pritsuno breaking section 87, and has a sharp tip. A guide portion 88 in the shape of a round rod is integrally formed with the guide portion 88.

The breaking rod advance/retreat means 57 and the breaking rod 85 are set so that their axes lie within a plane passing through the line IIh of the horizontal bins 43, 44.

The operating symptoms will be explained below.

The gate-shaped frame 40 is located in front of the hopper 93 (side wall 1
It is pivoted at the position shown by the imaginary line in Fig. 8 so as not to interfere with the input of garbage from the 04 side). When not in use, the breaking rod advancing/retracting hand r257 is stored in a horizontal state on the movable body 55, as shown in FIGS. 9 and m10.

, h When a bulge occurs in the brim 93,
The frame swinging means 47 and 48 are operated to displace the tilting angle of the gate-shaped frame 40 from the front original position to a position where the connection of the breaking rod advance/retreat means 57 is oriented toward the front as shown in FIG. The dog operates the breaking rod swinging means 80 to raise the breaking rod advancing/retracting means 57 to a state perpendicular to the 7-frame beam portion 49 shown by imaginary lines in FIGS. 9 and 10. Subsequently, the movable body 55 is moved eight times in the left and right direction in FIG.

After Ji12, when the breaking rod advancing/retreating means 57 is activated to lower the breaking rod 85, the broken rod 85 thrusts into the buritsuno, and the bridge crushing portion 87 pushes the buritsuno and releases it.

The flat bottom surface of the pulitsuno crushing part 87 helps to push in the surrounding debris following the guide part 88 thrust into the buritsuno, and the conical surface of the crushing part 87 smoothly pulls out the breaking rod 85 pushed into the buritsuno. useful for.

After the burr is removed, each of these operating means and moving bodies return to their original positions and wait until the next operation.

In this stored state as described above, the breaking rod advancing/retreating means 57 and the like do not protrude into the passage and do not become an obstacle to the crane work.

According to this embodiment, the position of the breaking rod advance/retreat means 57 attached to the movable body 55 is determined by the swinging of the swingable gate-shaped frame 40 and the linear movement of the movable body 55 on the gate-shaped frame 40. By freely adjusting the operating angle, it is possible to deal with blizzards occurring anywhere in the hopper.

As the swinging means for the gate frame 40, a hydraulic motor or a 7ti dynamic motor may be used instead of the surface hydraulic cylinder.

As another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to determine the degree of combustibility of garbage, such as moisture content, by detecting temperature in detail both temporally and regionally. The stable operation of the incinerator can be maintained by adjusting the combustion rate and controlling the combustion rate. In addition, the optimal supply of garbage can be calculated,
By interlocking the detection device 21, the device for controlling the combustion, and the garbage supply device 97, automation of the operation of the incinerator is promoted.

Effects As described above, according to the present invention, the surface temperature of the hopper wall is detected, and the amount of incinerated raw material supplied into the incinerator body can be optimized according to the properties of the incinerated raw material determined based on this. It will be done. Furthermore, since the occurrence of blisters is detected from an abnormal rise in the temperature of the bridging surface and the location where the brittle occurs is specified, it is possible to take measures to destroy the brittle within a relatively short period of time after the bridging occurs. Therefore, it is possible to prevent damage such as burnout of the lower part of the hopper and sudden and cold furnace walls due to the inflow of outside air.
Incinerator operation can be managed stably.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the mounting portion of a detection device 21 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line ■-■ in FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the mounting portion of the detection device 21, FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the mounting portion of the detection device 21, FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 4, and FIG. An exploded perspective view, FIG. 7 is a front view of the burr removal device 39, FIG. 8 is a right side view of the burr removal device 39, F59 is an enlarged front view of the movable body 55, and FIG. 10 is a cutaway of FIG. 9. Figure 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the prior art, Figure pt'S12 is a cross-sectional view seen from the section line ■-■ in Figure 11, and Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional technology. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a formed state. 1.91... Incinerator, 2,92... Furnace book, 3,9
3... Hopper, 4,94... Supply hole, 5,95...
・Crane packet, 6,96...7, 7,97...
・Feeding device, 13.103...Front wall, 16.106・
...Britsuno, 21...Detection device U, 26...Temperature detection element, 37...Alarm device, 39...Britsuno removal device agent Patent attorney Number of strokes Kei-be No. 2 Figure "'21 No. 4 Figure 5 Figure 10 Figure 2 Figure 12 γ3

Claims (1)

[Claims] A combustion state detection device for an incinerator, characterized in that the temperature of a wall surface of at least one of a hopper that supplies incineration raw materials to the incinerator and the incinerator is detected, and a combustion state is detected based on a change in the temperature.