JPS63303421A - Floppy disk device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the control relying factor to a host compute so as to improve the processing efficiency of the host computer, by providing a means which interprets instructions issued from the host computer and performs write/ readout control. CONSTITUTION:A microprogram controlling section 12 interprets simple instructions supplied from a host computer 1 and supplies micro-codes for making a series of write/readout control to an instruction executing section 14. The section 14 controls the operations of a data modulator circuit 16, data demodulator circuit 17, recording/reproducing/erasing circuit, etc., in accordance with the micro-codes supplied from the microprogram controlling section 12. Simultaneously with the above-mentioned control, the section 14 supplies control data to a mechanical deck and system controller 19 which controls the drive of a head feeding motor 22 for moving a magnetic head 20 in the radial direction of a floppy disk 21, spindle motor 23 for rotating the disk 21, etc.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention will be explained in the following order.

A. Industrial field of application B0 Summary of the invention C8 Prior art 0 Problems to be solved by the invention E0 Means for solving the problems F0 Effects G. Example (G-1) Structure of the example ( (FIG. 1) (G-2) Operation of the embodiment (FIG. 2) Effect A of the H8 invention, industrial application field The present invention relates to a floppy disk device used as an external storage device in various data processing devices.

B0 Summary of the Invention The present invention is a floppy disk device used as an external storage device in various data processing devices, which incorporates a control means that interprets simple commands given from a host computer and performs a series of write/read controls. Is it an external system with a slow program? ■Reduce dependence on host computer for control,
This is intended to improve the processing efficiency of the host computer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, floppy disk drives have been used as external storage devices in various data processing devices such as personal computers and word processors.

-i, the floppy disk device is composed of data processing means for writing/reading/erasing data on the floppy disk, means for driving the rotation of the floppy disk, means for feeding various magnetic nodes, etc. .

The data write operation in the floppy disk device is as follows: (1) One sector worth of data is transferred to the floppy disk device.

(2) Generate parity for error correction.

(3) Rotate the floppy disk.

(4) Move the head to the specified track/sector position.

(5) Perform predetermined modulation processing on the data and parity and supply it to the head as recording data.

(6) Stop the rotation of the floppy disk.

This is performed by sequentially operating the data processing means, rotation driving means, etc. in steps (11 to (6)).

Further, the data read operation in the floppy disk device rotates the floppy disk.

(2) Move the head to the given track/sector position.

(3) Regenerate the data and import it into the buffer memory.

(4) Perform error correction.

(5) Transfer one sector worth of data to the host computer.

(6) Stop the rotation of the floppy disk.

This is performed by sequentially operating the data processing means, rotational drive means, etc. in steps (1) to (6).

Conventionally, data writing and reading operations in the floppy disk device are performed by a host computer supplying a series of control commands to the floppy disk device to sequentially control various functional blocks such as the data processing means and rotation drive means. The system was operated in such a way that once it was confirmed that the predetermined process had been completed, the process proceeded to the next control operation.

Problems to be Solved by the D8 Invention By the way, in conventional floppy disk drives, a series of controls are supplied from the host computer as described above.
Data writing and reading operations are executed by sequentially operating various functional blocks such as various data processing means and rotational drive means using the fll data, and proceeding to the next control operation after confirming that the predetermined processing has been completed. Therefore, the host computer must control the operation of the floppy disk device from the start to the end of data recording and reproduction. Therefore, the floppy disk device has a problem in that its control operation occupies the processing power of the host computer, resulting in a significant decrease in the processing efficiency of the host computer.

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention enables external control with a simple program, reduces control dependence on the host computer, and records data without reducing the processing efficiency of the host computer. / Floppy disk with a new configuration that enables efficient playback.
The company provides disk devices.

Means for Solving the E1 Problem In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a recording and reproducing means for recording and reproducing data on a floppy disk, and a simple command given from a host computer. It is characterized by comprising a microprogram control means that interprets the information and performs a series of write/read controls for the recording/reproducing means.

F6 Operation In the floppy disk device according to the present invention, the built-in microprogram control means interprets simple commands given from the host computer and performs a series of write/read controls.

G. Example Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(G-1) Configuration of Embodiment In the embodiment shown in the block diagram of FIG. A microprogram control section 12 and a buffer memory 13 are connected to the microprogram control section 11 .

The microprogram control unit 12 interprets simple instructions supplied from the host combiator 1 via the interface circuit 11, and writes microcode for performing a series of write/read controls to the instruction execution unit 1.
Supply to 4.

Here, as the buffer memory 13, a static RAM having a storage capacity of, for example, about 8 bytes is used. An error correction processing section 15 is connected to the buffer memory 13, and a recording/reproducing/erasing circuit 18 is connected to the buffer memory 13 via a data modulation circuit 16 and a data demodulation circuit 17.
is connected.

Then, the instruction execution unit 14 executes the following steps according to the microcode supplied from the microprogram control unit 12.
The data modulation circuit 16, data demodulation circuit 17, recording/
A mechanical deck that controls the operation of the reproduction/erase circuit 18, etc., and also controls the drive of the head feed motor 22 that moves the magnetic head 20 on the radius of the floppy disk 21, the spindle motor 23 that rotates the floppy disk 21, etc. - Supply control data to the system controller 19.

In this embodiment, the interface circuit 11 is a 1-byte reset register for interfacing with the host computer 1.

It has five types of registers: a 1-byte status register, a 1-byte command register, a 4-byte parameter register, and a 1-byte data register.

The above five types of registers are AO, AI, RD, WR.
, C3°DACK are selected as shown in Table 1.

The above reset register contains this floppy disk.
Reset command data for initializing the disk device 10 and calibrating the drive is provided. When the reset command is given to the reset register, the floppy disk device 10 immediately stops the spindle motor 23 and the magnetic head 2.
0 is returned to the home position.

The status register indicates each status of the floppy disk device 10 using 8 bits, and from the most significant bit to Dt (Non-DMA Data R
The equest) flag is used for handshake purposes when transferring data with an external system, ie, the host computer 1. This is it.

The (Non-DMA Data Request) flag becomes "1" each time data transfer becomes possible, becomes "0" while data is being transferred, and becomes "1" again when one byte of data transfer is completed. The inversion is repeated until the number of transfers reached is reached. Next glue, bit 06 (No Med
ia) The flag indicates the installation status of the floppy disk 21, and is set to "1" when the floppy disk 21 is not installed or when the floppy disk 21 is pulled out by operating the eject button while the floppy disk 21 is installed. ”, the zero-order DS bit Ds (Media C
hange) flag indicates that the floppy disk 21 may have been replaced, or when the floppy disk 21 that has been ejected is not installed, or if the eject button is not pressed while the floppy disk 21 is being installed. becomes "1" when the floppy disk 21 is pulled out.
Change) flag indicates that the data is then
“0” by correctly reading from disk 21
to return to. Next D4 bit Da(Write Pr
The flag indicates the state in which writing to the floppy disk 21 is prohibited, and is set to "1" when the floppy disk 21 for which writing is prohibited is installed and when the floppy disk 21 is not installed.
When a writable floppy disk 21 is installed, the value becomes "0". Next, the Dx (ECCE Error (MSB)) flag and Dz (ECCE Error (LSB)) flag of the focus and Dt bits are used for error detection and correction automatically executed by the error correction processing unit 15 during the read process. What kind of error has occurred during the process is indicated by four 2-bit status values. Next glue, bit D+ (Drive
The Error) flag indicates a malfunction of the drive, and is set to "1" if the drive function is not performed correctly.
It holds the state of "1" until the next read/write/erase is normally executed or until the reset command is accepted. And the lowest D
The 0-bit Do (CommandBusy) flag indicates the execution status of commands other than the above-mentioned reset command, and becomes "1" during execution and processing of commands other than the above-mentioned reset command, and becomes "0" upon completion of processing.
to return to.

In addition, all command data for controlling this floppy disk device 10 is given to the above command register, and the bits corresponding to each basic function are set to "
1”. The microprogram control section 12 interprets the contents of 1-byte command data given to the command register by the host computer 1, and causes the instruction execution section 14 to perform data erasing, recording, or reproducing operations. to be executed automatically in a predetermined sequence.

The most significant bit of the above command register contains the drive specification command (UnitSel).
ectl, l1nit 5elect2) are given. The above 2-bit drive specification command (υnit
5electl, LlnitSelect2),
You can specify up to 4 drives. The next DS bit contains an execution prohibition command (Execution
n Inhibit) is given. Furthermore, by setting the bit to "0", the function specified by the lower bits, .about.D0, is disabled. When performing processing that involves execution, B/ ) is set to "1" as described above. Also, D4
A command (Mon: motor on) that instructs the rotation of the spindle motor 23 is given to the bit. As described above, the spindle motor 23 controls the bit by "1".
” to rotate. Further, the spindle motor 23 is stopped after a predetermined time by setting the D4 bit to "0". Further, the magnetic head 20 moves from the home position to the outermost circumferential side as the spindle motor 23 starts rotating, and returns from the current position to the home position when the spindle motor 23 stops. Note that the D4 bit does not need to be set to "1" every time a normal read/write/erase operation is performed, and the microprogram control unit 12
Even if 4 bits are rOJ, the spindle motor 23 is automatically
The rotation is started and stopped after a certain period of time has passed from the time the processing is completed. A data transfer command is supplied to the next bit. Furthermore, by setting the bit to "1", data is transmitted and received between the floppy disk device 10 and the host combiator 1. For sending and receiving the above data,
Sequential transfer is performed to the buffer memory 13 via the data register. In this case, the number of data transferred is 4 bytes, 512 bytes, or 25 bytes.
Any of the 6 bytes can be selected, and an address within the byte can also be specified for each 4 byte. Note that the buffer memory 13 is the floppy disk device 10.
Regardless of the operation of the host computer 1, it can also be used as a temporary bank memory of the host computer 1, not only in physical sector units of 4 bytes (,512 bytes, 256 bytes).
It can also be accessed in byte logical sector units. The next D2 bit is given an erase (ER) command. By setting this Dt bit to "1", erasing is performed in units of physical sectors specified by the parameter register. The next mouth, bit, write (
A WR (Write) command is given. Furthermore, by setting the bit to rlJ, writing is performed in units of physical sectors specified by the parameter register. Furthermore, when an index is specified in the parameter register, an index signal is recorded. Here, by the write (lR) command, the microprogram control section 12 writes the data to the floppy disk 21.
The error correction processing section 15 automatically generates parity data/subcode data/header information for error correction processing according to a predetermined format. Output sequentially. Note that the write (row) command can execute a series of data transfer/erase/write operations, and the microprogram control unit 12 automatically performs the processing according to a predetermined sequence. A read (RD) command is given to the 00 bit. This is it. By setting the bit to "L", reading is performed in units of physical sectors determined by the parameter register.

Note that if an index is specified in the parameter register, it will be invalid and a drive error will occur in the status register. Here, in response to the read (RD) command, the program control unit 12 performs processing according to a predetermined sequence for reading data from the floppy disk 21, and reads signals from the floppy disk 21. At the same time, the error correction processing unit 15 is caused to perform error data detection/correction processing on the data read into the buffer memory 13 according to a predetermined format. In addition, the data transfer of the data reproduced from the floppy disk 21 to the buffer memory 13 and the data transfer from this backup memory 13 to the host computer 1 are performed by the above-mentioned readout RD).
It can be executed by a command, and the microprogram control section 12 automatically performs the processing according to a predetermined sequence. Furthermore, if the reading is completed normally, the reproduced track/sector number is written into the parameter register.

Additionally, the parameter registers can be read/written/
Parameter data for specifying track/sector numbers, erasure in track units, and writing of index signals when erasing is performed in physical sector units is provided. This parameter register consists of 4 bytes,
The register pointer advances each time one byte is read or written, and when the fourth byte has been read or the second byte has been written, if the access continues, the pointer returns to the first byte. Note that the pointer returns to the first byte when a register other than this parameter register is accessed, and the order in which the parameter registers are received is initialized.

The first byte of the parameter register specifies a physical sector address that involves read/write/erase processing, and a virtual logical sector address that performs data transfer between the buffer memory 13 and the host computer 1. It is used as a sector register to specify size selection, index writing, and track erasing. This sector register selectively specifies three types of logical sector sizes using the most significant two bits (Dt, oh), and also specifies writing of an index and erasing an entire track (1, 1). .The most significant 2 bits of the above sector register ([+,,
By setting D, ) to (1, 1) and giving a write/erase combination command to the command register, the microprogram control section 12 erases the entire track and then writes the index signal.

By writing the index signal to the floppy disk 21 in this manner, the floppy disk 21 can be accessed in units of physical sectors from now on. In addition, the next two bits (D, DJ) specify the physical sector address of the byte in 4, and the value becomes valid when the read process is performed normally, and if necessary, the host computer It is possible to check against the physical sector address specified on the side. The lowest 4 bits (J, Dz, D+, Do) specify a logical sector address in units of 512 bytes.

Further, the second byte of the parameter register is used as a trunk register for specifying a track number. In this trunk register, when the read processing is performed normally, the lower 7 bits become valid as a track number, and it is possible to check the track address specified on the host computer 1 side as necessary.

Furthermore, a 2-byte copy prohibition code (CPC: C
opyProtection Code) is given.

Further, the data register is used when transferring data between the floppy disk device 10 and the host computer 1, and is a program (PRO) register.
It supports both transfer and DMA transfer, and in either case, data is transferred via this register.

(G-2) Operation of the Embodiment As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, the floppy disk drive 10 of this embodiment first receives a command from the host computer 1 to the command register. Depending on the data, it is determined whether the 04 (Mon) bit, DI (ER) bit, D+ (WR) bit, or Do (RD) bit of the command register is set to "1" (step 1). If the determination result is rYJ, it is determined whether the floppy disk 21 is installed (
Perform step 2). The determination result of this step 2 is rY
In other words, if the floppy disk 21 is installed, the mechanical disk drive system controller 7 is installed in the next step 3.
)o-ra 19 control microcomputer (μCOM
) is in the middle of a processing operation, and the control micro combinator (μCOM) 7! l<When released from processing operation, the above command register, (E
R) Bit, D, (R) Bit or Ori, (RD
) It is determined whether "1" has been written to any of the bits (step 4). Then, if the determination result in step 4 is rYJ, that is, the host computer 1 has issued an operation command for erasing (ER), writing (WR), or reading (RD), then the command register is processed. The presence or absence of drive specification is determined by the bit (step 5), and if the own drive is not specified, the disk surface number (S
URFI), drive number (DRI), and motor on signal (Mon) to the mechanical system controller (MD).
19 (step 6), in the next step 7, it is determined whether the control micro combinator (μCOM) of the mechanical deck system controller 19 is in the middle of a processing operation, and the control micro combiator (μCOM) of the mechanical deck system controller 19 is After the microcomputer (μCOM) is released from processing operation, the track number (TRII) set in the parameter register is
) to the mechanical deck system controller (MD) 1
9 (step 8). If the determination result in step 5 is rYJ, that is, the drive is specified, the process immediately goes to step 8, where the track number (TRII) is given to the mechanical deck system controller (MD) l9, and the next In step 9, it is determined whether "1" has been written to the Do (RD) bit of the command register. And step 9 above
If the determination result is rNJ, that is, a read operation is not specified, the data given to the data register is transferred to the Hanofa memory 13 (step 10), and then in the next step 11, the data in the command register is transferred. If the determination result in step 11 is rYJ, which is to determine whether or not rlJ has been written to the Dl(WR) bit, that is, a write operation has been designated by the host computer 1, then in the next step 12 The first byte of the parameter register, that is, the sector register bits D, is checked to determine whether index writing is specified. If the writing of the index has not been specified, the process moves to step 13, and the error correction processing unit 11 processes the data written in the buffer memory 13.
In step 5, parity encoding processing (ENC) is performed, and in the next step 14, Dl(
It is determined whether the ER) bit is set to "1". Note that the determination result in step 12 above is rYJ
That is, if the writing of the index has been designated, the process immediately moves to step 14, where it is determined whether the host computer 1 has designated an erase operation.

If the determination result in step 14 is rYJ, that is, the erase operation is specified, the erase operation (E
R) and write operation (WR) is performed (step 15),
Furthermore, if the erase operation (ER) is not specified, only the write operation (WR) is performed (step 1).
6), furthermore, the determination result in step 11 above is r
If NJ, that is, no recording operation is specified, only the erase operation (ER) is performed (step 17). Then, when the operation of step 15, step 16 or step 17 is performed, the opening of the status register is executed in the next step 18. (Coa+s+and Bus
y) Look at the flag and repeat step 15 above. After confirming the completion of the operation in step 16 or step 17, move on to the next step 19 and enter the command register (Mo
Determine whether n) is set to "1" (
Step 19). The judgment result of step 19 above is “N”
If so, in the next step 20, it is determined whether the control microcomputer (μCOM) of the mechanical deck system controller 19 is in the middle of a processing operation, and the control microcomputer (μCOM) is released from processing operations, the disk surface number (SURF
II), drive number ([1RI) and motor off signal (
Moff) to the above mechanical deck system controller (?
ID) 19 (step 21), and enters a standby state (step 22).

Note that if the determination result in step 1 is "N", that is, the host combiator 1 is not instructing the operation of the floppy disk device 10, step 23 is performed.
Then, it is determined whether the control microcomputer (μCOM) of the mechanical deck system controller 19 is in the middle of a processing operation, and when the control microcomputer (μCOM) is released from the processing operation, Disk surface number (SURFII) and drive number (DRI)
I) and the motor off signal (Moff) are given to the mechanical deck system controller (MD) 19 (step 24), data is transferred (step 25), and the standby state of step 22 is entered. Further, the determination result in step 4 is "N", that is, only the rotation designation (Mon) of the spindle motor 23 has been made in the host computer 1, and the erase operation (ER) and write operation (
-R) and read operation (RD) are not specified, the process moves to step 26 and the disc surface number (S
URFI), drive number (DPI), and motor off signal (Moff) to the mechanical deck system controller (
MO) 19 (step 24), perform the data transfer of step 25 above, and then perform the data transfer of step 25 above.
If the determination result is rNJ, that is, the floppy disk 21 is not installed, the process moves to step 27, where it is determined whether a drive is specified, and if the driver is specified, the process immediately enters the standby state of step 22. , and when another driver is specified, the process moves to step 20 above.

Further, the determination result in step 9 is "Y", that is, the host computer 1 performs a read operation (R).
If D) has been established, the process moves to step 28 to reset various flags, and then data is read from the floppy disk 21 to the buffer memory 13 (step 29). Then, when the data read operation in step 29 is performed, the next step 3 is performed.
Do(Command) of the above status register at 0.
After confirming the completion of the operation in step 27 by checking the Busy) flag, proceed to the next step 31, check the D1 bit of the status register, and proceed to step 29.
, it is determined whether the magnetic head 20 is correctly sent to the target track and the data reading operation is performed normally. If there is no drive error, the error correction processing unit 15 performs error correction processing (DEC). (Step 32). Then, in the next step 32, it is determined whether there is an error that cannot be corrected by the error correction process in step 32, and if there is no error, the track number ( TRII), transfers the sector number (SCI) and copy prohibition code (CPC) to the parameter register (step 34), and determines whether there is an error in the subcode data (SUB-CODE) (step 35); And the above subcode data (SLIB-
If there is no error in the code (CODE), the process proceeds to step 36 in which the data read into the buffer memory 13 is transferred to the host computer 1 via the data register, and then the process moves to step 19.

Note that step 31. If the determination result in step 33 and step 35 is rYJ, that is, an error has occurred, the process immediately moves to step 19 described above.

In the floppy disk device 10 of this embodiment, command data (Dy, D
b, Ds, no, Da, Di, Dt, Do) are interpreted by the microprogram control unit 12 and performs various series of control operations as shown below.

[Control operation example 1] Command data (Dy, Di, Ds, Da, Da, Ox
, Da, Do) = (00100110) (1) Spindle motor on (2) Magnetic head feed (seek) (3) Erase operation (4) Write operation (5) Spindle motor off (6) Magnetic head feed (caliber plate) [Control operation example 2] Command data (Dy, Da, Ds, Da, D3.0z
, Da, Do) = (00111110) (11 Spindle motor on (2) Magnetic head feed (seek) (3) Data transfer (4) Erase operation (5) Write operation [Control operation example 3] Command data (Dv+Da+Ds+Da+Ds+Dz
+DzDo)=(00110110) +11 Spindle motor on (2) Magnetic head feed (seek) (3) Erase operation (4) Write operation [Control operation example 4] Command data (1) v, Di, Ds, D4. Di, D
z, DzDo) = (00100001) ill spindle motor on (2) magnetic head feed (seek) (3) read operation (4) spindle motor off (5) magnetic head feed (caliber plate) [Control operation example 5] Command data (D?, Da, Ds, Da, Di, Di
, Da, Do) = (00111001) txt Spindle motor on (2) Magnetic head feed (seek) (3) Read operation (4) Data transfer Here, command data (D7.D6.Dl, D4.D
For example, (OO1011
A series of control operations when command data 0) is applied to the command register of the interface circuit 11 by the host computer 1 will be explained in detail.

The microprogram control unit 12 interprets the command data (0010110) and serially transfers the rotation command signal (Mon) and track number (TRI) for the spin motor 23 from the instruction execution unit 14 to the mechanical deck system controller 19. give to

Then, the rotation command signal (Mon) and the track number (
TRI), the mechanical deck system controller 19 starts the spindle motor 23 to rotate the floppy disk 21, and while the feed motor 22 moves the magnetic head 20 to the position of the designated track number (TRI). When the microprogram control unit 12 notifies that data transfer is ready, the host computer 1 transfers the data to the buffer memory 13 via the data register of the interface circuit 11. Further, the mechanical deck system controller 19 notifies the instruction execution section 14 that the rotation of the spindle motor 23 has become stable and the movement of the magnetic head 20 has been completed, thereby completing preparation for recording. Further, the error correction processing section 15 generates parity for error correction for the data transferred from the host computer 1 to the buffer memory 11. The microprogram control section 12 is recorded by the mechanical deck system controller 19! T! When the completion of preparation is notified to the instruction execution section 14 and the generation of parity by the error correction processing section 15 is completed, the recording circuit and the The erase circuit is operated to record data using the recording/reproducing head while erasing using the preceding erase head. Further, the microprogram control unit 12 sends a motor off (No. 3 (Moff)) of the spindle motor 23 from the instruction execution unit 14 to the mechanical deck system controller 19 by serial transfer to stop the rotation of the spindle motor 23. At the same time, the host computer 1 is notified of the completion of the data recording operation.

H1 Effects of the Invention As is clear from the description of the embodiments described above, in the floppy disk device according to the present invention, the built-in microprogram control means interprets simple commands given from the host computer and performs a series of writing/reading operations. Since the control is performed, it is possible to perform external control using a simple program.
Data can be efficiently recorded/reproduced without reducing the processing efficiency of the host computer.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the above embodiment. l...Host computer 10...Floppy disk device 11...Interface circuit 12...Microprogram control section 13...Buffer memory 14...Instruction execution section 15...Error correction processing section 16 ...Data modulation circuit 17...Data demodulation circuit 18...Recording/reproducing/erasing circuit 19...Mechanical deck/system controller 20...
・Magnetic head 21...Floppy disk 22...Feed motor 23...Spindle motor

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] Recording and reproducing means for recording and reproducing data on and from a floppy disk, and a microcontroller that interprets simple commands given from a host computer and performs a series of write/read controls for the recording and reproducing means. A floppy disk device comprising program control means.