JPS63301133A - Hydraulic type speed change gear for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the handling performance by installing a selector valve for cutting-off and communication of an oil passage for connecting an oil pump and an oil motor, to an oil tank side, and installing an operating member for controlling said selector valve, pump, and the motor. CONSTITUTION:A hydraulic type speed change gear 13 is installed onto the vehicle 2 such as lawn mower, and is equipped with an oil pump 15 and an oil motor 17 one among which is a variable capacity type, and speed-changes the power of a driving source 9 consisting of an engine and an electric motor and transmits said power to the driving wheels 5. In this case, in an oil passage 101 for connecting the discharge port 53 of the pump 15 and the inlet port 77 of the motor 17, a selector valve 121 for cutting-off and communication of the oil passage 101 to an oil tank is installed. The selector valve 121 is connected with a neutral lever 123 installed on a handle 7 side through a wire 125, etc. On the handle 7 side, a speed change operating member 65 for controlling each revolution speed of the pump 15 or the motor 17 is installed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a hydraulic transmission system for a vehicle.

(Prior Art) For example, in various vehicles such as lawn mowers and tillers, hydraulic transmission devices consisting of oil pumps, oil motors, etc. are used to drive engines, electric machines, etc. The one in which the power from the a source was changed in speed to rotate the drive wheels was developed in 1988.
This method is known from Publication No. 9454 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-6901.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in Utility Model Application Publication No. 60-89454, the oil pump and the oil motor are connected in a closed circuit.
Therefore, in order to free the drive wheels and improve maneuverability of the vehicle, a clutch must be provided before the oil pump, which causes the problem of increasing the size of the hydraulic transmission.

In addition, although a hydraulic transmission is used in Publication of Utility Model Publication No. 62-6901, only a gear shift lever is provided on the operating section, leaving the drive wheels in a free state and improving the maneuverability of the vehicle. No measures have been taken to prevent this.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic transmission device that has a compact structure and can improve maneuverability of a vehicle.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the configuration of the present invention is such that an oil passage connecting between the discharge port 53 of the oil pump 15 and the inlet port 77 of the oil motor 17 is communicated with the oil tank side,
A switching valve 121 for shutting off is provided, and a speed change operating member 65 for controlling the rotational speed of the variable displacement oil pump 15 or oil motor 17 and an operating member 123 for switching and operating the switching valve 121 are appropriately arranged in the operating section. It is characterized by having been established.

(for I) A speed change operation member 65 performs a speed change.

Further, when the operating member 123 is operated, the switching valve 121 is operated, and the drive wheels 5 are set in a free state regardless of the gear shift state.

Therefore, without the need for a clutch or the like, the hydraulic transmission 13 can be made more compact and the maneuverability of the vehicle can be improved.

(Embodiment) A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of the lawn mower, FIG. 2 is a left side view of the hydraulic transmission, FIG. 3 is a right side view of the same, and FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the same.

1 is a walk-behind power lawn mower, 3 is a front wheel, 5 is a rear wheel, 7
is the handle, and the engine 9 is located between the front and rear wheels at 3.5 degrees.
The lawn mowing cutter 11 is rotationally driven by the engine power, and the left and right rear wheels 5 are driven by the engine power via the hydraulic transmission 13.

The hydraulic transmission 13 is disposed between the left and right rear cf65.

The hydraulic transmission 13 includes an oil pump 15 driven by engine power, an oil motor 17 driven by the oil pump 15, a reduction mechanism 19, a reduction case 21, and the like.

The reduction case 21 includes a case body 23 that is open on the right side, and a lid body 25 that is attached to the right side of the case body 23.
The reduction chamber 27 has a gear 29 with a small diameter.
A reduction mechanism 19 consisting of a large-diameter gear 31) is housed therein.

Oil is injected into the reduction chamber 27, the reduction case 21 also serves as an oil tank, and the bottom 21A of the reduction case 21 is attached to the frame 22 side.

The axle 33 of the rear wheel 5 is horizontally installed in the lower part of the reduction case 21 via a sealing material 35, and the axle 33 is provided with the gear 31.
to be installed.

The oil pump 15 is attached to the front surface 37 of the upper part of the reduction case 21, and the oil motor 17 is attached to the left side surface 39 of the upper part of the reduction case 21.

In the embodiment, a swash plate type variable variable near axial piston bomb was used as the oil pump 15, and a swash plate type fixed displacement axial piston motor was used as the oil motor 17.

The oil pump 15 includes a pump case 41, a drive shaft 43 disposed inside the pump case 41, a swash plate 45 built into the pump case 41 so as to be tiltable, and a cylinder block that rotates together with the drive shaft 43. 47, a plurality of pistons 49 that are incorporated into the cylinder block 47 and reciprocate while rotating on the thrust bearing 46 of the swash plate 45, and a valve plate 55 in which a suction port 51 and a discharge port 53 are formed.

The front end of the drive shaft 43 is made to protrude forward of the pump case 41, and an output shaft 59 on the engine side is connected to this portion via a universal joint 57.

The angle of inclination of the swash plate 45 is set by swinging a lever 63 with a pin 61 as a fulcrum. In the embodiment, it is possible to switch between forward, neutral, and reverse, and the first
In the figure, 66 indicates a throttle lever.

The oil motor 17 includes a motor case 67, an output shaft 69 disposed inside the motor case 67, and a swash plate 71 built into the motor case 67 and configured with a thrust bearing.
a cylinder block 73 that rotates together with the output shaft 69;
A plurality of pistons 75 are incorporated into the cylinder block 73 and reciprocate while rotating on the swash plate 71, and a valve plate 81 has an inlet port 77 and an outlet port 79 formed therein.
Equipped with.

The right end beams of the six output shafts are made to protrude into the induction chamber 27, and the gear 29 is attached to this portion.

Next, the oil passages of the oil pump 15 and the oil motor 17 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8.

Fig. 5 is a view of the ducting case as seen from the V arrow in Fig. 2, Fig. 6 is a view from the Vl arrow in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a view from the
-■ Line sectional view and Figure 8 show a hydraulic circuit diagram.

First, a suction passage 83 that supplies oil to the oil pump 15
is an oil passage 87 whose lower end opens 84 into the reduction chamber 27 and which extends upward within the left side wall 85 of the reduction case 21;
, an oil passage 89 connected to the oil passage 87 and extending to the left side, and an oil passage 91 connected to the left end of the oil passage 89 and extending in the vertical direction,
The oil passage 93 is connected to the upper end of the oil passage 91 and extends in the front-rear direction, and the oil passage 95 is connected to the front end of the oil passage 93 and extends to the right side to connect to the suction port 51.

An oil filter 97 is installed in the frontage 84, and 9 in the figure
9 indicates a shielding plate.

Discharge port 53 of oil pump 15 and oil motor 17
The oil passage 101 that connects the inlet port 77 includes an oil passage 103 that connects to the discharge port 53 and extends to the left, and an oil passage 105 that connects to the left end of the oil passage 103 and extends downward.
It connects to the oil passage 105 and extends rearward to the inlet port 7.
It consists of an oil passage 107 connected to 7.

An oil passage 109 connecting the outlet port 79 of the oil motor 17 and the suction port 51 of the oil pump 15 is an oil passage 109 that connects to the outlet port 79 and extends upward.
11, the oil passage 93 and the oil passage 95 connected to this oil passage 111, and an oil pump 15 and an oil motor 1.
7 is connected in a closed circuit.

The oil passage 91 constituting the suction passage 83 has a lower end connected to the oil passage 1.
07, and check valves 113 are installed above and below the oil passage 91, respectively.
, 115 are arranged.

Further, an oil passage 117 that extends in the vertical direction and connects to the oil passages 93 and 107, and an oil passage 119 that connects to the oil passage 117 and opens into the duction case 21 are formed at the rear of the left wall portion 85.

A switching valve 121 is inserted into the oil passage 117.

The switching valve 121 is connected to a neutral lever 123 provided on the handle 7 side via a wire 125 and an arm 127, and the arm 127 is connected to the upper surface 129 of the reduction case 21.
It is arranged on the left side of the camera via a bracket 131.

In the embodiment, the switching valve 121 is a spool valve consisting of a shaft portion 121A and two large diameter portions 121B and 121C, and an oil passage 121D connects the circumferential surface of the upper large diameter portion 121B and the circumferential surface of the shaft portion 121A. It is formed. Then, with the neutral lever 123 swung toward the handlebar 7 side, the first
As shown in Fig. 0, the oil passages 93, 107, 119 are shut off from each other via the large diameter portions 121B, 121C, and the neutral lever 123 is separated from the handle 7, as shown in Fig. 9. The oil passages 93, 107, 119 are configured to communicate with each other via the passage 121D and the shaft portion 121A, and the arm 127 is connected to the oil passages 93, 119 by a spring 133.
107 and 119 are biased in a direction to communicate with each other.

Next, the operation of the hydraulic transmission 13 will be explained.

The drive shaft 43 of the oil pump 15 is rotated by the output shaft 59 on the engine side.

When moving forward, the cylinder block 47 rotates due to the rotation of the drive shaft 43, causing each piston 49 to reciprocate, and the oil is passed through the oil filter 97, the oil passage 87°89.91, the check valve 113, and the oil passages 93, 95. The oil is then sucked in through the suction port 51 and supplied to the inlet port 77 of the oil motor 17 through the discharge port 53 and oil passages 103, 105, and 107.

Then, each piston 75 of the oil motor 17 is reciprocated to rotate the cylinder block 73, and the rotation of the cylinder block 73 rotates the outputs i and Ih69, and the power of the engine is decelerated tj! It is transmitted to the axle 33 via H+i19. Oil flows from outlet port 79 to oil line 111
, 93.95 to the suction port 51 of the oil pump 15
is circulated. This flow is shown in FIG. 8 by solid line arrows.

Shifting is performed by changing the angle of inclination of the swash plate 45 using the shift lever 65. When in neutral, the swash plate 45 is perpendicular to the drive shaft 43, the piston 49 does not reciprocate, and no oil circulates.

When moving backward, the angle of inclination of the swash plate 45 is opposite to the angle of inclination when moving forward, and oil is sucked in from the discharge port 53 via oil passages 87, 89° 91, check valve 115, and oil passages 107 and 105° 103. , suction port 51, iyu r each 95.9
3, 111 and is supplied to the outlet port 79 of the oil motor 17. Then, each piston 75 of the oil motor 17 is reciprocated to rotate the cylinder block 73 and the output shaft 69 in the opposite direction to the forward movement, and the axle 33 is reversed. Oil flows from inlet port 77 to oil passage 107,1
05, 103 to the discharge port 53 of the oil pump 15
is circulated. This flow is shown in FIG. 8 by dotted arrows.

When moving forward or backward, the neutral lever 12
3 in the direction away from the handle 7, oil is not supplied to the oil motor 17 due to the operation of the switching valve 121, the oil motor 17 is stopped, and the axle 33 is in a free state.

Therefore, while changing the speed using the speed change lever 65, the rear wheels 5 can be brought into a free state by operating the neutral lever 123 regardless of the speed change state.

Therefore, without the need for a clutch or the like, the hydraulic transmission 13 can be made more compact and the maneuverability of the vehicle can be improved.

In the embodiment, a shift lever 65 constituting a shift operation member and a neutral lever 123 constituting an operation member
Did you explain the case where both are provided on the handle 7 side?
These members 65, 123 may be configured by disposing, for example, a push-in pedal or the like below, and in short, they may be disposed at locations where they can be operated while maintaining the driving state.

Furthermore, the types of the oil pump 15 and oil motor 17 are not limited to those in the embodiment, and other types may be used.
Further, at least one of the oil pump 15 and the oil motor 17 may be of a variable displacement type.

Further, the structure of the switching valve 121 is not limited to the spool valve, but may be any arbitrary structure, such as a rotary valve.

Also, when the neutral lever 123 is operated, the oil passages 93, 1 connecting between the oil pump 15 and the oil motor 17 are
07 is connected to the reduction case 21 by the switching valve 121.
Alternatively, the oil passages 93 and 10 may communicate with each other.
7 may be communicated.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, a case has been described in which the reduction mechanism 19 is arranged between the output shaft 69 of the oil motor 17 and the axle 33 of the rear wheel 5, but the reduction mechanism 19 is arranged between the oil pump 15 and the output l1i11159 on the engine side. The hydraulic transmission 13 may also be configured by

Further, in the embodiment, check valves 113 and 115 are provided in the oil passages to allow forward and reverse movement, but these check valves 113 and 115 may not be provided and the circuit may be configured to perform only forward movement.

Further, the oil passage connecting the oil pump 15 and the oil motor 17 may be an interlude oil passage or an open oil passage.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a hydraulic transmission device that can suppress an increase in the number of parts and improve maneuverability of a vehicle with a compact structure. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of the lawn mower, Figure 2 is a left side view of the hydraulic transmission, Figure 3 is a right side view of the same, Figure 4 is an exploded view of the same, and Figure 5 is the second view. Fig. 6 is a view from the Vl arrow in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 5, Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram, Fig. 9 and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the operating state of the switching valve. In the drawing, 5 is a rear wheel, 7 is an engine, 13 is a hydraulic transmission, 15 is an oil pump, 17 is an oil motor, and 19
is the reduction gear, 21 is the reduction case, 33 is the axle,
65 is a gear shift lever, 113° 115 is a check valve, 12
1 is a switching valve, and 123 is a neutral lever. Patent applicant: Agent for Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
Patent Attorney Part 2 1) Yong-Immediate Question Patent Attorney
Kuni Ohashi Patent Attorney
Koyamabe, Patent Attorney No.
1) Shigeru Figure 5 Figure 6 Procedural Amendment (Jigen December 16, 1986 1, Indication of Case Patent Application No. 134189/1989 2, Title of Invention Hydraulic Transmission System for Vehicles 3, Make Amendments) Relationship with the case Patent applicant (532) Honda Motor Co., Ltd. 4, Agent 2-4-5 Azabudai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108 Masonic 39 Mori Building 2nd Floor 6 Subject of amendment Details of the invention in the specification Explanation column and drawing 7, contents of amendment

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a hydraulic transmission system for a vehicle that is equipped with an oil pump and an oil motor, at least one of which is of the variable displacement type, and that changes the speed of power from a drive source such as an engine or electric motor and transmits it to the drive wheels, the oil pump discharge port A switching valve is provided for communicating and blocking an oil passage connecting between the oil pump and the inlet port of the oil motor to the oil tank side, and a speed change operation member for controlling the rotational speed of the variable displacement oil pump or the oil motor; A hydraulic transmission for a vehicle, characterized in that an operating member for switching and operating a valve is appropriately disposed in an operating section. (2) The hydraulic transmission device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the shift operation member and the operation member are disposed in an operation section on the handle side.