JPS63300022A - Feeder of particles - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the horizontal load applied to a breaker by laying a driving bottom board at the bottom of a casing at a slightly inclined angle and carrying the particles on the driving bottom board toward the breaker by the motion of the driving bottom board. CONSTITUTION:In a crushed ice feeder, for example, a bottom seat board 4 inclined at a fine angle is laid at the bottom of a casing 1 and a driving bottom board 5 is slidably mounted on said board 4 and reciprocated toward a breaker 2 by a crank shaft 8, a connecting rod 7 and a driving piece 6. Crushed ice pieces are thrown into the casing 1 having the opposing upper and lower walls 9 extending more widely therebetween in the lower direction and air is supplied from a compressor P between the bottom seat board 4 and the driving bottom board 5 to reciprocate the bottom board 5 so that the crushed ice pieces are carried toward the breaker 2 and then out from a discharge conveyor 3. The horizontal load applied to the breaker 2 is reduced, the damage to the breaker 2 is prevented and the rotation thereof facilitated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a storage device for powder and granular material, and in particular, it stores a predetermined amount of powder and granular material, and automatically stores the powder and granular material by power as needed after an arbitrary period of time has elapsed. The present invention relates to a storage device for discharging powder and granular material.

[Prior Art] Generally, when a powder or granular material is stored in a container, it is compressed by its own weight and sticks to itself, and when it is mechanically discharged, a bridging phenomenon occurs and the material is pushed downwards into the container. Problems such as not falling or being unable to eject may occur.

In addition, crushed ice made by crushing ice into pieces of about 10 mm to 50 mm square,
It is stored in an insulated container, but as time passes, the ice pieces that come into contact stick together, and because the sticking force is stronger than that of ordinary powder, it is difficult to discharge from the container using power. It accompanies it.

The present inventor has developed a method for temporarily storing powder and granular materials in general and, in particular, powder and granular materials that tend to stick and have a strong adhesion force, such as crushed ice, and then discharging them using a power device energized by a prime mover. A storage device was developed (Japanese Patent Application No. 71705/1983).

The apparatus is shown in FIG. The device shown in this figure supplies crushed ice in the form of powder into the water storage from the top. After several minutes to tens of minutes pass, the crushed ice solidifies and becomes secondary ice. This crushed ice is slid down toward the crusher by the descending slope of the slanted bottom plate. By rotationally driving a breaker with many pins pivotally attached to a horizontally extending shaft, the stuck crushed ice is broken into pieces and allowed to fall downward, which is then transported horizontally by a screw conveyor, which is a discharge conveyor. Transfer and discharge.

This device can be used as an automatic ice making and water storage device that has an ice maker that can directly produce crushed ice mounted on top, stores a predetermined amount of crushed ice in a water storage, and discharges it as needed after an arbitrary amount of time has elapsed. However, according to the results of trial production by the present inventors, it has been found that the device having this structure has the following problems.

First of all, although there are considerable differences depending on the material and surface condition of the sloped bottom, the angle of the sloped bottom plate usually needs to be at least 30 degrees, and depending on the outside temperature, humidity, and quality of the ice making water, it can cause slippery ice and slippery ice. It was also found that the required slope of the slanted bottom plate differs depending on the environmental conditions, such as when the inside of the reservoir is kept at room temperature and when it is forcibly cooled to below zero by a cooler.

Therefore, under any conditions, an angle to the horizontal of about 37.5 degrees to 45 degrees is required to ensure that the ice block slips.

If the slope is large, crushed ice will definitely slip on the sloped bottom and will not become impossible to take out, but if the conditions are such that it is easy to slip, making the slope of the sloped bottom larger than necessary Since the force of the sliding force of the ice blocks is applied to the crusher, the shaft of the crusher is bent, and large torque is required to drive the crusher, resulting in frequent problems such as the crusher not being able to start. Therefore, driving this crusher also required an unnecessarily large motor and a large torque reducer with a high reduction ratio.

When the total weight of crushed ice stored in the water storage is W, and the angle of the sloped bottom with respect to the horizontal plane is θ, the component force that causes the crushed ice to slide along the sloped bottom plate is Wsinθ, which is the sum of the total weight and the slope angle sinθ. It increases in proportion to the product. When the total weight of crushed ice is 10 tons and the angle of inclination is 45 degrees, the component force along the slanted bottom plate is approximately 8.7 tons, which is extremely strong, and this acts sideways on the rod-shaped crusher to support it, so the crusher This caused problems such as bending or not being able to start.

The closer the inclined bottom plate is to the horizontal, the less the bending load acting on the crusher. However, the problem is that not only the type of powder and granules to be stored, but also the minimum inclination angle at which the stored powder and granules can move along the slanted bottom plate are not constant, even if the same powder and granules are stored. In the case of crushed ice, the condition differs depending on the internal temperature depending on the stored crushed ice and the freezing of the sloped bottom plate.If it freezes strongly, it becomes difficult to slide, and a steep sloped bottom plate is required. In an actual storage device, the angle of inclination of the slanted bottom plate is determined so that stored items can be taken out reliably under any conditions, and the stored items can be taken out under the worst possible conditions. In a storage device with this structure, the force of sliding along the inclined bottom plate always acts on the crusher, and this force is extremely large.Moreover, this force acts as a bending force on the crusher, so the crusher This had the disadvantage that it was easy to break down.

Furthermore, the greater the slope of the slanted bottom plate in order to ensure that the crushed ice cubes slide down toward the crusher, the worse the actual volumetric efficiency of the storage housed in the heat insulating container becomes.

That is, there is also a drawback that the amount of granular material that can be stored within the occupied volume is reduced due to the synergistic effect of the same area and height.

The present inventor fixed a vibrator to the slanted bottom plate in order to make the powder slide smoothly. However, depending on the vibrator, little has been expected to reduce the inclination angle of the slanted bottom plate to allow the stored powder to slide more smoothly. This is because the direction in which the vibrator moves the slanted bottom plate is specified to be perpendicular to the slanted bottom plate, and the vibration has almost no effect of breaking the bond between the powder and the slanted plate to smoothly transfer the powder.

As a result of further trial production and repeated experiments, the present inventor succeeded in making powder and granular material, which had caused the bridging phenomenon, slide extremely smoothly onto the crusher using a very simple structure.

[Objective of the present invention] Accordingly, an important object of the present invention is to minimize the angle of inclination that the bottom plate of a container for storing powder and granular materials makes with a horizontal plane, thereby increasing the substantial volumetric efficiency of the container and improving its discharge. A powder that can reliably transport the powder toward the breaker and bring it into contact with the breaker, minimizing the driving torque of the breaker, and preventing damage to the breaker from bending without forcing the breaker. The object is to provide a storage device for granules.

[Means for Achieving the Objects of the Invention] The granular material feeding device of the present invention includes: a casing having a capacity for storing a required amount of granular material; a breaker for crushing the granular material stored in the casing; A delivery means is disposed at the bottom of the casing to transfer the powder and granules supplied into the casing toward the breaker, and a delivery means is disposed below the breaker to discharge the powder and granules to the outside of the casing. and a discharge means.

The delivery means includes a drive bottom plate disposed on the pedestal and movable in a direction toward the breaker and a direction opposite thereto, and a drive means for the drive bottom plate.

The powder on the drive bottom plate is transferred toward the breaker by the movement of the drive bottom plate, the breaker releases the powder and the granule is discharged from the casing via the discharge means.

[Summary and operation of the present invention] The present inventor uses crushed ice as the powder, uses a geared motor as the prime mover for reciprocating the drive bottom plate, and sets the angle θ between the drive bottom plate and the horizontal plane to 5 degrees. The driving bottom plate was reciprocated to test the state of transport of crushed ice, which is powder, to the breaker. In this case, when the rotational speed of the crankshaft that reciprocates the drive bottom plate and the length of the crank arm, that is, the speed of the reciprocating movement of the drive bottom plate exceeds a certain speed, the crushed ice placed on the drive bottom plate is It was discovered that the icebreaker did not reciprocate with the driving bottom plate, but instead slid.

When the reciprocating speed of the driving bottom plate is slow, the driving bottom plate and the crushed ice move together in a reciprocating manner, and their relative positions do not change. In this state, the crushed ice simply reciprocates along the same path together with the driving bottom plate, and does not reach the breaker. It will not be transported towards the destination. When the rotational speed of the original gjjm was gradually increased and observed, it was found that when the speed exceeds a certain level, the driving bottom plate and the crushed ice no longer move together, the crushed ice sticks to the driving bottom plate and cannot move, and the crushed ice sticks to the driving bottom plate. It began to move toward the breaker in a separate motion with a smaller amplitude than the reciprocating motion.

Next, even if the reciprocating speed of the driving bottom plate is slow and the ice breaking and driving bottom plate move at the same speed, if the angle of the driving bottom plate is made steep, the crushed ice will slide on the surface of the driving bottom plate with a downward slope, causing the breaker to worked in the direction. Even if the crushed ice does not slide toward the breaker at all when the driving bottom plate is not reciprocating, once the driving bottom plate starts reciprocating, the angle at which it can be reliably moved toward the breaker depends on the type of powder and granules. It turns out that it is determined by environmental conditions.

When a steel plate with a smooth surface was used for the driving bottom plate, and fresh water ice made by freezing tap water was used for ice crushing, the inclination angle and movement state of the driving bottom plate were as follows.

First Experimental Example When the inclination angle of the drive bottom plate (the angle with the horizontal plane) is 40 degrees or more, the crushed ice reliably slides in the direction of the crusher even if the drive bottom plate does not reciprocate. However, under this condition, if the ice conditions are too good for slipping, a large load will be applied to the breaker shaft.

Second Experimental Example When the inclination angle of the drive bottom plate is greater than 30 degrees and less than 40 degrees. Depending on the conditions, crushed ice may not slide. If you hit it from below the pedestal with a hammer, etc., the crushed ice may slide.

Third Experimental Example When the inclination angle Lu of the drive bottom plate is greater than 5 degrees and smaller than 30 degrees. When the drive bottom plate is stopped, the ice cubes do not slide, but when it is reciprocated, the ice cubes are driven.

Furthermore, in this state, even if the movement speed of the drive bottom plate is slow, the crushed ice reliably slides on the drive bottom plate.

Fourth Experimental Example When the inclination angle of the drive bottom plate is greater than 5 degrees and less than 15 degrees. When the drive base plate is moved at a relatively high speed, the crushed ice slides along the drive base plate.

Fifth Experimental Example Even if the drive bottom plate is horizontal or has a slight upward slope, the movement of the drive bottom plate is slowed down in the direction toward the breaker (outward path),
The crushed ice is reliably transported toward the breaker by performing an inconstant reciprocating motion in which the direction away from the breaker (return path) is at a certain speed or higher.

Sixth Experimental Example Even if the speed is the same on the outward and return trips, by abruptly stopping the drive bottom plate at the final point of the outward trip, the crushed ice is reliably transported in the direction of the breaker.

In each of the above experimental examples, there may be some variation depending on the state of the crushed ice, that is, whether it is supercooled to below minus several degrees or in air with a plus temperature, and the degree of unevenness (smoothness) of the material of the drive bottom plate. Although there are differences, as in the above experiment, clear differences were found depending on the presence or absence of a slope of the driving bottom plate and the driving speed. In addition, ice cubes that have frozen inside the casing are more likely to slide downward on the drive bottom plate than crushed ice that has not frozen at all. This is a common physical property not only for crushed ice but also for all powdered materials.

From this, by reciprocating the driving bottom plate, it is possible to reduce the inclination angle of the driving bottom plate and smoothly transport various powders and granules toward the breaker, but the optimal angle and motion state of the driving bottom plate are Determine the optimum value by considering the type of particles, surface condition, friction coefficient, etc.

[Preferred Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. However, the examples shown below are intended to exemplify an apparatus for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the powder supply apparatus of the present invention to the following apparatus. Various changes can be made to the device of this invention within the scope of the claims. Furthermore, although the following embodiments will be described with respect to crushed ice as powder or granules, other materials may be used instead of crushed ice as the powder or granules handled by the apparatus of the present invention. In particular, it is difficult to supply crushed ice by temporarily storing it and then discharging it, so a device that can supply crushed ice can more smoothly supply powder and granules other than crushed ice.

The powder supply device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a casing 1 having a closed supply port at the top, and
The casing includes a breaker 2 disposed inside the casing for crushing frozen crushed ice, and a discharge conveyor 3 serving as a discharge means for discharging the crushed ice crushed by the breaker 2 to the outside of the casing.

The casing 1 has a pedestal 4 that slopes downward toward the discharge conveyor 3 disposed on one side, and a drive bottom plate 5, which is a delivery means, is placed on the pedestal so as to be able to reciprocate.

The driving bottom plate 5 has an outer shape that covers almost the entire upper surface of the pedestal 4 so that it can reciprocate while carrying most of the crushed ice stored therein, and has a driving piece 6 fixed to its lower surface. This drive piece 6 penetrates the base 4 downward. The lower end of the drive piece 6 is connected to a crank bin of a crankshaft 8 via a connecting rod 7, which is a driving means for the drive bottom plate 5, and the crankshaft 8 is connected to a motor and rotated. A crankshaft 8 is supported parallel to the discharge conveyor 3, and is rotated to cause the drive bottom plate 5 to reciprocate in the direction of the breaker 2, as shown by the arrow in FIG.

Pressurized air is injected between the pedestal 4 and the drive bottom plate 5 by a compressor P, and the drive bottom plate 5 is floated and lightly moved by the pressurized air.

The amplitude of the drive bottom plate 5 can be adjusted by the length of the crank arm, and the number of reciprocations per unit time can be adjusted by the number of rotations of the crankshaft. The amplitude of the drive bottom plate 5 is determined to be an optimum value in consideration of the type of crushed ice to be stored, environmental conditions, and the angle of inclination, and is usually determined to be in the range of 1 to 20 cm, preferably 2 to 10 cm.

Further, the number of reciprocations of the driving bottom plate 5 per minute is preferably adjusted to about 20 to 300 times.

Incidentally, the crushed ice supply device shown in FIG.
The amplitude of The angle of inclination of the driving bottom plate 5 was 10 degrees or more so that crushed ice was constantly discharged. At this time, the outside temperature was 15°C. Further, the maximum acceleration of the drive bottom plate 5 reciprocating under the above conditions was 50 cm/5ee2, and the excitation force per ton of crushed ice was 50 kg.

Furthermore, the inclination angle of the drive bottom plate 5 was measured when crushed ice was constantly being discharged under the same conditions as above except that the number of reciprocating movements of the drive bottom plate 5 was 113 times/min. It was 3 times. The maximum acceleration of the drive bottom plate 5 at this time is 4
00cm/5eC2, excitation force per ton of crushed ice is 400
It was kg.

By replacing the drive bottom plate 5 with a polished steel plate and using a synthetic resin, or by using a smoother plate material, it is possible to further reduce the angle of inclination of the drive bottom plate 5 and discharge crushed ice.

Further, when the inclination angle of the drive bottom plate is small, the amplitude of the drive bottom plate is increased to increase the number of reciprocating movements, thereby increasing the acceleration of the drive bottom plate and ejecting.

By the way, the side wall of the casing 1 is designed so that the crushed ice moves more smoothly toward the breaker 2, in other words, as the crushed ice moves toward the breaker 2, it is moved more or less easily from the inner surface of the side wall 9. It is formed in a tapered shape that becomes slightly wider toward the breaker 2. The inner surface of the side wall 9 of the casing is a smooth surface without irregularities so that stored crushed ice can easily slide toward the breaker 2.

Since the upper surface of the pedestal 4 of the casing 1 is closed by the driving bottom plate 5, a lattice-like structure in which steel frames are arranged in parallel can also be used.

The casing 1 has a heat-insulating structure when storing crushed ice, or the entire casing is housed in a heat-insulating container (not shown), and if necessary, the inside of the heat-insulating container or the casing is forcibly cooled. Furthermore, an ice maker for crushed ice is provided in the upper opening of the casing to supply crushed ice to the casing.

The discharge conveyor 3 is located on one side of the bottom of the casing, and is disposed horizontally or almost horizontally at a position somewhat lower than the drive bottom plate 5. A screw conveyor can be used as the discharge conveyor 3, and the discharge side is guided outside the casing 1, as shown in FIG. 3, so that the crushed ice can be discharged outside the casing.

A breaker 2 is disposed above the discharge conveyor 3 to crush mutually bonded crushed ice and send it to the discharge conveyor 3. The breaker 2 has a plurality of rotating shafts rotatably supported in parallel with the discharge conveyor 3, and a large number of scraping pieces are fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft. The plurality of rotating shafts are connected to the motor 12 via the chain lO, the sprocket 11, and the speed reducer, and are all rotated together.

The crushed ice supply device of this construction operates under the following conditions.

■ With the movement of the drive bottom plate 5 and breaker 2 stopped,
The crushed ice in the discharge conveyor 3 is discharged to the outside of the casing 1 by operating the discharge conveyor 3.

(2) After the crushed ice in the discharge conveyor 3 is discharged and the amount of crushed ice to be discharged is reduced, the breaker 2 is operated continuously, and the broken ice is crushed by the breaker and supplied to the discharge conveyor 3 by falling.

■ When the operating breaker 2 cannot supply a predetermined amount of crushed ice to the discharge conveyor, that is, when the crushed ice does not slide toward the breaker 2, the driving bottom plate 5 is reciprocated to slide the crushed ice along the driving bottom plate 5. and press the crushed ice against the breaker 2. When the breaker 2 crushes the crushed ice and the discharge conveyor 3 is in a state to discharge a predetermined amount of crushed ice, the reciprocating movement of the drive bottom plate 5 is stopped without stopping the operation of the discharge conveyor 3 and the breaker 2. When the amount of crushed ice discharged by the discharge conveyor 3 decreases, the driving bottom plate 5 is reciprocated until the amount of crushed ice reaches a constant value again.

In this operating state, breaker 2 is operating continuously, so
The operation of the drive bottom plate 5 is controlled by detecting the load of the discharge conveyor 3, that is, the operating current of the motor that drives the discharge conveyor 3, with a meter relay, and the drive bottom plate 5 is controlled only when the operating current of the motor is below a certain value. It is better to control the operating state. In this operating state, the drive bottom plate 5 is operated to discharge crushed ice only when the amount of crushed ice to be discharged is reduced, so that the horizontal bending force acting on the breaker can be made the weakest.

Regardless of this operating state, the discharge conveyor 3 and drive bottom plate 5 are operated continuously to keep crushed ice pressed against the breaker 2, and when the amount of crushed ice in the discharge conveyor 3 decreases and the amount of crushed ice discharged decreases. The broken ice may be supplied to the discharge conveyor 3 by operating the breaker 2 for only a short time, for example, 1 to 2 seconds. In this operating state, the operation of the breaker 2 is controlled by the operating current of the motor that drives the discharge conveyor 3, and the breaker 2 is operated only when the operating current of the motor is below a certain value.

In any operating state, crushed ice can be continuously supplied to the discharge conveyor 3 when both the breaker 2 and the drive bottom plate 5 are operated; if one is stopped, the discharge of crushed ice gradually decreases. will be stopped.

When both the breaker 2 and the drive bottom plate 5 are operated continuously, a large amount of crushed ice may fall at once depending on the state of the crushed ice, and more crushed ice than the discharge capacity of the discharge conveyor 3 may be supplied. At this time, the breaker 2 is operated in crushed ice, and the crushed ice is crushed into fine powder, which ultimately places a large load on the rotary shaft drive of the breaker 2, which may damage the motor. This state can be resolved by stopping the operation of either the breaker or the drive bottom plate depending on the load on the discharge conveyor 3, and intermittently stopping the supply of crushed ice.

The apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 comprises a motor-driven discharge conveyor 3 as a discharge means.

It is not always necessary to use the discharge conveyor 3 as the discharge means; for example, as shown by the chain line in FIG. Instead, it is also possible to discharge crushed ice outside the casing.

Therefore, in this specification, the term "discharge means" is used in a broad sense to include all means capable of discharging the granular material crushed by the breaker to the outside of the casing.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show drive bottom plates 5 of other embodiments. The drive bottom plate 5 shown here is provided with a number of wheels 13 on the upper surface of the pedestal 4, which is slightly inclined toward the discharge conveyor 3, so that the drive bottom plate 5 can lightly reciprocate. A drive bottom plate 5 is mounted on the drive bottom plate 5. Further, the driving bottom plate 5 extends upward to have a driving piece 14 fixed thereon, and this driving piece 14 is connected to a connecting rod 15 of a driving means 16.

The driving means 16 includes a tilting arm 16A connected to the connecting rod 15, a crankshaft 16B for tilting the tilting arm 16A, and a geared motor 16C for rotating the crankshaft 16B.

The tilting arm 16A is provided with a long hole extending in the longitudinal direction on which the crank bin 16D slides, and its upper end is attached to the casing 1 via the bin so that the tilting arm 16A can tilt freely in a vertical plane. The lower end of the connecting rod 15 is bendably connected to the connecting rod 15.

In this driving means 16, when the crankshaft 16B is rotated by the geared motor 16C, the crank bin 16D slides along the elongated hole and the tilting arm 16A is tilted, and the tilting arm 16A and the connecting rod 15 drive the bottom plate. 5 is reciprocated.

This driving means is such that the crank bin 16D is connected to the tilting arm 16.
When it is at the lower part of point A, the rotation speed of the tilting arm 16A is slow, so the speed of the forward movement of the driving bottom plate 5 toward the breaker is slow, and the speed of the return movement in the opposite direction is fast.

The drive piece 14, the connecting rod 15, and the drive means are provided within the cover 17.

The driving bottom plate 5 of this structure transfers the crushed ice placed on it toward the discharge conveyor 3 only when it is reciprocated, that is, the driving bottom plate 5 is a kind of conveyor, and the driving bottom plate 5 is operated. Only when this happens, the crushed ice is pressed by the breaker 2, crushed, falls into the discharge conveyor 3, and is discharged outside the casing 1.

Depending on the state of the reciprocating motion, the drive bottom plate can transport the crushed ice placed horizontally towards the discharge conveyor.

In FIGS. 6 and 7, the forward speed and backward speed of the driving bottom plate 5 are changed to transfer the crushed ice placed thereon toward the discharge conveyor 3. The drive bottom plate 5 is adjusted to have a slow forward speed when moving toward the discharge conveyor 3, and a fast backward speed when moving backwards. The crushed ice placed on the driving bottom plate 5, which moves slowly, moves forward together with the driving bottom plate 5, but the crushed ice on the driving bottom plate 5, which moves quickly, has difficulty retreating due to its own inertia, and slips, leaving behind the crushed ice. Only the drive bottom plate 5 moves backward. Therefore, the crushed ice is transported only in the forward direction where the moving speed is slow. The drive bottom plate is pulled in the backward direction by a traction spring 18 so that it moves forward slowly and retreats quickly. A one-way clutch 21 is connected between the crankshaft 19 and the motor 20 so that the crankshaft 19 idles during backward movement. On the other hand, the clutch 21 transmits the motor 200 rotation torque only in the direction of moving the drive bottom plate 5 forward. The crankshaft 19 is pulled by the traction spring 18
When the crankshaft 19 rotates, power transmission from the crankshaft 19 to the motor shaft is released. Therefore, when moving forward, this driving bottom plate 5 is driven by the motor 20 and moves slowly, but when moving backward, it is overtaken by the force of the traction spring 18 and returned to the moving position at a high speed. The drive bottom plate 5 is a kind of conveyor because it transfers crushed ice by reciprocating at an inconstant speed, but the principle of conveying crushed ice is different from that of a vibrating conveyor.

Furthermore, the drive bottom plate in FIG. 8 includes the crankshaft 22 and the motor 2.
A combination of a transmission gear 24 connected between 3 and 3 causes the reciprocating motion at an inconstant speed. The transmission gear 24 includes two oval gears 25 and 26 that mesh with each other. One elliptical gear 25 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 23 and rotated by the motor 23 at a constant speed. The other elliptical gear 26 is connected to the drive pulley 27
are fixed to each other, and this drive boob 1127 meshes with a driven pulley fixed to the crankshaft 22.

Two oval gears 25, 26 meshing with each other convert the rotation of the motor 23 into non-uniform rotation. That is, the elliptical gear 26 is rotated at high speed for half a rotation and at low speed for the remaining half rotation. The elliptical gear 26 and the crankshaft 22 are rotated at non-uniform speeds, and when the elliptical gear 26 is rotated at a high speed, that is, when the crankshaft 22 is rotated at a high speed, the connecting rod 28 moves the drive bottom plate 5 backward, and the crankshaft A crank bin is provided at a position that advances the driving bottom plate 5 when the shaft 22 is rotated at a low speed.

Furthermore, the feeding device shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 has a casing 1 in which a storage chamber 31 for crushed ice is provided on both sides of the discharge conveyor 29 and the breaker 30. This device is ideal for casings that are longer than they are wide. According to this structure, the sliding force of ice crushing acts in a balanced manner on both sides of the breaker 300, so no force that bends the breaker 30 to one side acts, and the breaker 30 with a small diameter rotating shaft can be used. especially,
In the device of this invention, when the driving bottom plate 5 has a small inclination angle and the driving bottom plate 5 is not moving, the force of crushed ice pushing the breaker 30 is weak, so by balancing the pressing forces from both sides, the breaker 30 can be made considerably weaker. However, in a conventional device without a driving bottom plate 5, even if crushed ice storage chambers 31 are provided on both sides of the breaker 300, the force with which crushed ice presses the breaker 30 varies significantly depending on the state of the crushed ice and the bottom plate, so , it is difficult to balance the pressing force of ice crushing on both sides of the breaker 30.

In this device, in order to balance the pressing force of crushed ice stored on both sides of the breaker, it is preferable that the drive bottom plates 5 on both sides of the breaker are moved in opposite directions in synchronization with each other. That is, when the driving bottom plates 5 are moved toward each other, they press the crushed ice to both sides of the breaker 300.

Furthermore, in the powder supply device shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the breaker 2 is disposed offset from the center of the casing 1. In other words, storage chambers 31 with different storage capacities are provided on both sides of the breaker 20. Each storage chamber 31 is provided with a drive bottom plate 5 that moves independently.

This supply device can take out any crushed ice from both chambers by operating one drive bottom plate δ. In addition, the position where the discharge conveyor 3 is provided is changed, and the discharge port 3 of the casing 1 is
2 can be provided at any position. Furthermore, in the case of a casing l whose horizontal cross-sectional area expands toward the breaker 2,
Since the casings 1 are provided on the left and right sides of the breaker 2, if the lengths of the casings 1 are the same, the storage capacity for crushed ice can be increased.

13 and 14 show other embodiments of the drive means for driving the drive bottom plate 5. FIG. In this driving means, a power cylinder 33 is connected to a driving bottom plate δ via a leaf spring 34,
A stopper 35 is provided at the end of the forward movement of the drive bottom plate 5. This device advances the driving bottom plate 5 toward the breaker with an acceleration that does not cause the crushed ice and the driving bottom plate 5 to slip.

At the end of the forward movement, the driving bottom plate 5 collides with the stopper 35 to rapidly decelerate and stop. The impact at this time causes the crushed ice and the driving bottom plate 5 to slide, thereby releasing the frozen state of both. After that, the power cylinder 33 is moved backward faster than the forward stroke, and the driving bottom plate 5 is moved back leaving the crushed ice in a state where the crushed ice and the driving bottom plate 5 slip.

The forward speed and backward speed of the power cylinder 33 are determined by the pressure receiving area of the piston 36 in these drawings. That is, on the left side of the piston 36, the entire surface of the piston becomes a pressure receiving surface, but on the right side of the piston 36, the area obtained by subtracting the area of the rod 37 from the area of the piston becomes the pressure receiving area, which is reduced by the area of the rod 37. Screw! - The moving speed of the piston 36 increases in inverse proportion to the pressure receiving area of the piston 36. Therefore, in these figures, the piston 36 has a slower speed on its backward stroke than on its forward stroke. Moreover, advantageously, the driving force when the piston 36 moves forward increases in proportion to the pressure-receiving area of the piston 36, so the pushing force when moving forward to press the crushed ice against the breaker is stronger than when moving backward. , can effectively crush crushed ice.

Furthermore, the crushed ice supply device shown in FIG. 15 reciprocates the drive bottom plate 5 via a power cylinder 38 with a built-in spring. In this power cylinder 38, the left chamber of the piston is connected to an air source via a branch pipe and an air supply valve 39, and an exhaust valve 40 with a large orifice is connected to another branch pipe. A pressing spring 41 for retracting the drive bottom plate 5 is built into the right side of the piston.

In this supply device, when the air supply valve 39 is opened and pressurized air is supplied into the power cylinder 38, the drive bottom plate 5 is moved forward while the spring is compressed, and the crushed ice is pressed against the breaker. When the pressure spring 41 is completely compressed,
The drive bottom plate 5 is suddenly stopped, and the impact at this time is applied to the drive bottom plate 5.
Works effectively to break ice and break ice. After that, when the air supply valve 39 is closed and the exhaust valve 40 is opened, the air on the left side of the piston is rapidly exhausted from the exhaust valve 40 with a large orifice, and the elastic force of the spring 41 causes the piston and the drive bottom plate 5 to move at high speed. to retreat.

When the driving bottom plate 5 retreats, the driving bottom plate 5 and the crushed ice slip, so that the driving bottom plate 5 moves back lightly and at high speed.

In the forward movement, the spring 41 is compressed while moving, so the drive bottom plate 5 moves forward smoothly and effectively presses the crushed ice against the breaker.

Figure 16 shows the electric power cylinder 42 and spring 4.
3 shows a crushed ice supply device in which the drive bottom plate 5 is driven via the drive bottom plate 5. The electric power cylinder 42 is driven by a motor whose rotational speed increases in proportion to the frequency. As shown in FIG. 17, this electric power cylinder 42 has a forward stroke of 80° so that the forward speed is slow and the backward speed is fast.
It is driven at a high frequency of Hz, and when reversing, it is driven at a low frequency of 40Hz. Further, the phase of the power source for driving the electric power cylinder 42 is changed to switch forward and backward.

During the forward movement of the electric power cylinder 42, the drive bottom plate 5 is directly driven without using the spring 43. At this time, at the time of startup, a slight slip occurs due to the jump between the crushed ice and the driving bottom plate 5, but thereafter the motion becomes uniform, and the crushed ice is reliably transferred towards play and force. During the backward stroke of the drive bottom plate 5, the electric power cylinder 42 moves backward, the spring 43 is once bent, and its restoring force causes the vehicle to start suddenly, so the maximum speed and acceleration also increase. When the retraction speed of the electric power cylinder 42 is slow, the spring 43 compressed by the rod of the power cylinder expands first, causing the drive bottom plate 5 to retreat at high speed, and then the drive bottom plate 5 opens until the spring 43 is compressed to some extent. movement is stopped,
It may become an intermittent movement that starts again.

When cooling the inside of the casing below zero degrees, crushed ice may freeze on the side walls if it is not discharged for a long time. A mechanism for eliminating this drawback is shown in FIG. This crushed ice supply device is provided with a drive side plate 45 that is movable along the inner surface of the side wall 9 via a hanging member 44 . Hanging member 44
extends upward from a fulcrum attached to the side wall 9 and is connected to the rod of the cylinder 46. The cylinder 46 causes the driving side plate 45 to reciprocate along the side wall 9 as shown by the arrow.

This supply device, before the crushed ice freezes on the drive side plate 45,
The driving side plate 45 is moved by the cylinder 46 to prevent freezing. By driving the driving side plate 45 for several seconds every several tens of minutes to several minutes under timer control, it is possible to prevent the driving side plate 45 from freezing with crushed ice. Crushed ice that does not freeze on the side walls within the casing is smoothly supplied to the breaker by the moving drive bottom plate 5.

Similarly to the drive side plate 45, the drive bottom plate 5 is driven by timer control for several seconds every several tens of minutes to several minutes, that is, before crushed ice freezes on the drive bottom plate 5, or in a state where both are weakly frozen. It is also possible to move the drive bottom plate 5 to prevent ice formation between the drive bottom plate 5 and crushed ice.

By the way, the present invention does not specify the movement of the driving bottom plate to be a reciprocating movement. The driving base plate also includes a state of motion in which a portion moves toward the breaker and another portion moves in a direction opposite to the breaker.

The drive bottom plate 5 shown in FIG. 18 is composed of a rotary plate rotatably supported on the upper surface of the pedestal 4 which is inclined downwardly toward the breaker.

When the drive bottom plate 5 is rotated, a portion of the crushed ice placed thereon is pushed toward the breaker.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 19, the driving bottom plate 5 is reciprocated along an arcuate trajectory, or as shown in FIG. 20, it is moved along a rectangular trajectory in a vertical direction other than the direction toward the breaker. It is also possible to make a reciprocating motion along a trajectory that includes.

[Effects of the present invention] The granular material feeding device of the present invention has a driving bottom plate disposed at the bottom of the casing, and moves the driving bottom plate to direct the granular material placed on the driving bottom plate toward the breaker. are being transferred. In conventional equipment, the bottom plate has a steep inclination angle, and the powder and granules are pressed against the breaker with the force of sliding, so the bottom plate has a large inclination angle, and the load of the powder and granules constantly acts on the breaker. A strong bending force acts on the breaker, causing the breaker to bend or making it impossible to start. In contrast,
In the device of this invention, the inclination angle of the drive bottom plate is reduced and the powder and granules can be transferred to the breaker, so the load that causes the powder and granules to slide down along the drive bottom plate is weak, and the load acting on the breaker in the sideways direction is reduced. Can significantly reduce power. Furthermore, when the angle of the drive bottom plate is close to horizontal, the powder and granules are transferred toward the breaker only when the drive bottom plate moves, so the load of the powder and granules does not always act on the breaker, and the powder and granules The powder is pressed against the breaker only when the body is removed. In this state, the breaker is rotating, so even if the granular material is pressed against the breaker with a somewhat strong force, the breaker will not bend or stop rotating, and the granular material can be fed extremely smoothly. At the same time, it is possible to realize the feature that damage to the breaker is minimized and the breaker can be rotated easily.

In addition, when the powder or granular material is being transferred, only when the driving bottom plate and the breaker are operated at the same time, the powder or granular material is transported towards the breaker, releases its own adhesion, and is discharged from below the breaker. It falls onto the conveyor and is sent out. At this time,
If you stop the operation of the breaker and operate the discharge conveyor and drive bottom plate first, the stuck powder and granules will come into contact with the breaker and be stopped, and will not fall onto the discharge conveyor.
By intermittent operation of breakers that do not discharge, an appropriate amount of discharge can be achieved.

In addition, by starting the discharge conveyor and breaker first, and then operating the drive bottom plate intermittently, the stuck powder and granules are transferred toward the breaker only when the drive bottom plate is operating, and the powder and granules come into contact with the breaker. can be dropped below the breaker and discharged by the discharge conveyor.

Furthermore, when supplying crushed ice with a conventional powder supply device,
When the bottom plate is inclined at a downward slope of about 45 degrees, it slips and descends without power, and powder such as crushed ice is crushed by the breaker. However, this feeding device
Because the sliding conditions are too good, the ice blocks are constantly pressed against the breaker, requiring a large force to start the breaker.

In contrast, in the supply device of the present invention, the inclination angle of the drive bottom plate can be reduced to discharge accumulated powder such as crushed ice, so that the pressing force of the breaker can be weakened and the starting torque of the breaker can be weakened.

Furthermore, by providing the drive bottom plate on the pedestal of the casing, the device of the present invention can minimize the angle it makes with the horizontal plane.
The amount of storage per unit area can be increased, and a compact powder supply device with a large storage capacity can be realized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are horizontal sectional views and vertical sectional views of a powder supply device showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show a driving bottom plate of another embodiment of the present invention. 6 to 8 are vertical sectional views and plan views showing other driving bottom plates and their driving mechanisms, and FIGS. 9 to 12 are sectional views of the breaker. A vertical cross-sectional view and a vertical vertical cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which powder and granular materials are stored on both sides, and FIGS. 13 to 18 are partial cross-sectional views and perspective views showing a part of the supply device in which the driving state of the drive bottom plate is different. 19 and 20 are schematic side views showing the direction of movement of the drive bottom plate, and FIG. 21 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional powder supply device. 1. Casing, 2. Breaker, 3. Discharge conveyor, 4. Pedestal, 5. Drive bottom plate,
6. Drive piece, 7. Connecting rod, 8
...Crankshaft, 9..Side wall, 10..Chain, 11..Sprocket, 12..Motor, 13..Wheel, 14..Drive piece, 15..Connecting rod, 16..Driving means, 16A.. Tilting arm, 16B...Crankshaft, 16C...Geared motor, 16D...Crankbin, 17...Cover, 18...Traction spring, 19...
・Crankshaft, 20..Motor, 21..One-sided clutch, 22..Crankshaft, 23..Motor, 24.
・Speed gear, 25.. Oval gear, 26.. Oval gear, 27.. Drive pulley, 28.. Connecting rod, 29.. Discharge conveyor, 30.. Breaker.
31... Storage chamber, 32... Discharge port, 33... Power cylinder, 34... Leaf spring, 35... Stopper, 36...
・Piston, 37.. Rod, 38.. Power cylinder, 39.. Air supply valve, 40.. Exhaust valve, 41.. Pressing spring, 42.. Electric power cylinder, 43.. Spring, 44.. Suspension. Parts, 45・
・Drive side plate, 46... cylinder. Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 7 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 19 Figure ＼-1、〆. Big mah'' Figure 20

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A casing having a capacity to store the required amount of powder and granules, a breaker for crushing the powder and granules stored in the casing, and a breaker installed at the bottom of the casing to supply the powder into the casing. In the powder supply device, the powder and granular material is provided with a delivery means for transporting the powder toward the breaker, and a discharge means disposed below the breaker for discharging the powder and granule out of the casing. , has a drive bottom plate disposed on a pedestal so as to be movable in the direction toward the breaker and in the opposite direction, and a drive means for the drive bottom plate, and the granular material on the drive bottom plate is driven. 1. A feeding device for powder and granular material, characterized in that the powder and granular material is transferred toward a breaker by the movement of a bottom plate, the granular material is released from adhesion by the breaker, and is discharged out of a casing via a discharge means. (2) The powder supply device according to claim 1, wherein the drive bottom plate is disposed on a downward slope toward the breaker. (3) The powder supply device according to claim 1, wherein the drive bottom plate reciprocates in the direction of the breaker. (4) The granular material feeding device according to claim 3, wherein the driving bottom plate is horizontal or almost horizontal, and the movement acceleration in the return path in the opposite direction of the breaker is greater than that in the forward path in the one direction of the breaker. (5) The powder supply device according to claim 2, wherein the driving bottom plate has an inclination of 10 degrees or more, and the acceleration of the movement of the driving bottom plate is 50 cm/sec^2 or more. (6) The granular material feeding device according to claim 2, wherein the driving bottom plate has an inclination of 3 degrees or more, and the acceleration of the movement of the driving bottom plate is 400 cm/sec^2 or more.