JPS6329945Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a constant velocity universal joint.

Prior Art Figure 1 shows a conventional tripod type constant velocity universal joint for connecting two shafts. In the figure, 1 is a cylindrical outer member provided at the end of one shaft 2. A track groove 3 extending in the axial direction is formed in three equal parts of the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 1. Reference numeral 4 denotes a tripod member attached to the shaft end of the other shaft 5, and a spherical roller 7 rotatably supported by a trunnion shaft 6 of this tripod member 4 is attached to the track groove 3 of the outer member 1.
It is configured to transmit rotational force between the shaft 5 and the outer member 1 at a constant speed.

Problems that the invention aims to solve However, with the above conventional constant velocity universal joint,
When the shafts 2 and 5 are driven to rotate while forming an angle α, the axis O of the shaft 5 deviates from the axis 1a of the shaft 2 by a predetermined amount δ, and the larger the angle α becomes, the more the deviation δ becomes. growing. In this way, when rotating, the shaft 5
If the axis O of the joint is misaligned, the joint itself becomes a source of vibration due to the misalignment, so there is a problem in that the possible displacement angle α of the joint is limited in order to suppress this vibration.

The axis O is the intersection of the axis of the shaft 5 and the axis of rotation of the spherical roller 7;
This deviation from the central axis 1a of the track groove 3 is unavoidable when the two shafts 2 and 5 are angularly displaced. This is due to the following reason. That is, when the two shafts are coaxial and share the axis 1a, the axis 1a is separated from the center of the spherical roller 7 and the center of the track groove 3.
The distances from the two axes 2 and 5 to
This is because in the state in which the width of the spherical roller 7 is maintained, the vertical distance from the center of the width of the spherical roller 7 to the axis 1a becomes shorter than the distance from the center of the track groove 3 to the axis 1a. For this reason, when the two shafts 2 and 5 rotate with angular displacement, "prying" occurs between the spherical roller and the track groove, and since it is a tripod, this phenomenon occurs three times per rotation, and the joint The device itself becomes a source of vibration.

Assuming that the distance from the axis 1a to the center of the track groove 3 is R, the amount of deviation δ is expressed as R/2 (secα-1).As will be understood from this, the larger the displacement angle α, the more the amount of deviation δ becomes. Therefore, the amount of vibration also increases. Conventionally, vibrations were kept small by limiting the displacement angle α.

Means for Solving the Problems The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tripod type constant velocity universal joint that can significantly reduce the vibration generation of the joint itself so that the two shafts connected can be operated even at large displacement angles. be. That is, the present invention interposes a member that can move relative to the tripod member and the cylindrical outer member, and by providing a roller guide groove in this member, the shaft to which the tripod member was conventionally attached can be fixed. The basic concept is to cut off and absorb the motion that manifests itself as misalignment of the shaft center from the torque transmission thread, thereby preventing the occurrence of vibration. Therefore, the present invention has three trunnion shafts extending in the radial direction, a tripod member having a roller rotatably mounted on the trunnion shaft, and a roller guide groove extending in the axial direction for accommodating the rollers. Consisting of a tulip member and a cylindrical outer member that accommodates the tulip member therein, the tulip member and the cylindrical outer member are bently connected to each other by a joint mechanism via rolling elements, and The roller guide groove of the tripod member is formed to open outward in the radial direction, the trunnion shaft of the tripod member is passed through the opening, and the spherical surface formed at the end of the trunnion shaft is inserted into the cylindrical outer member. The tripod member is fixed to one of the two shafts to be connected in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface, and the cylindrical outer member is fixed to the other shaft.

Function Since the spherical part of the trunnion shaft is in sliding contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical outer member, the axis will not shift regardless of the displacement angle of the two shafts. In this method, the roller guide groove, which was conventionally formed in the cylindrical outer member, is provided in a separate tulip member, and is connected to the cylindrical outer member through the rolling elements of this tulip member for relative movement. For this reason, when the two axes are angularly displaced, the tulip member tilts so that the roller guide groove follows the accompanying movement of the rotation center of the roller of the tripod member. The tilting motion of the tulip member is performed very smoothly because the tilting angle is very small and also because they are connected by a joint mechanism via rolling elements. Therefore, even if the two axes rotate with angular displacement, the tulip member simply swings smoothly, so vibrations are significantly reduced compared to the prior art.

Embodiment FIGS. 2 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In the same figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical outer member that is integrally provided at the tip of one of the two shafts 12 to be connected, and a tulip, which will be described later, is provided at the center of the inner surface of the cup wall 13 of this outer member 11. A shaft portion 14 constituting a joint mechanism with a member projects concentrically with the shaft 12, and the outer circumferential surface 15 of this shaft portion 14 and the shaft portion 1
Grooves 17 and 18 each having an arcuate cross section are formed in the axial direction at equal positions on the circumference of the inner circumferential surface 16 on the inner side surrounding the inner surface 16 .

Reference numeral 19 denotes a tripod member attached to the shaft end of the other shaft 20, and trunnion shafts 21 extending in the radial direction are protruded from the tripod member 19 at three equal positions on the circumference. A member 23 having a spherical surface portion 22 that makes sliding contact with the inner circumferential surface 11b of the outer member 11 is fitted and fixed to the tip of the trunnion shaft 21, and a spherical surface portion 23 is attached to the trunnion shaft 21 via a needle roller 24. A roller 25 is rotatably mounted.
26 and 27 are spacers for guiding the needle rollers.

29 is loosely inserted into the outer member 11 and
A roller guide for accommodating the spherical roller 25 of the tripod member 19 is provided at three equal circumferential positions of the outer cylindrical wall portion 30 of the tripod member 29 connected to the tripod member 29 so as to be angularly displaceable and movable in the axial direction. An inner cylindrical wall portion 3 in which a groove 31 is formed to open outward in the radial direction and surrounds the shaft portion 14 of the outer member 11.
2 is formed with a pocket 34 for holding a ball 33. Pocket 3 of tube member 29
The ball 33 held in the outer member 11 is rotatably interposed between the ball guide grooves 17 and 18 formed in the outer member 11, and thereby the joint mechanism via the rolling elements is formed.
35 are composed. Further, a tapered surface 36 is formed on the inner periphery of the open end of the tulip member 29 in order to increase the angular displacement of the shaft 20. A retaining ring 37 is attached to the tip of the shaft portion 14 of the outer member 11, and the retaining ring 37 restricts the axial movement of the ball 33 beyond a certain level. A ring 38 is fitted around the outer periphery of the open end of the tube member 29.

When the outer member 11 and the shaft 20 are driven at a displacement angle α as shown in FIG. It is transmitted to the shaft 12 via the outer member 11. At this time, tripod member 1
Since the spherical portion 22 of No. 9 is guided by the inner circumferential surface of the outer member 11, the deviation that conventionally occurs in the shaft 20 can be avoided by tilting the tulip member 29 around the joint mechanism 35 using the balls 33. Moreover, the tulip member 29 tilts smoothly due to the rolling of the ball 33 of the joint mechanism 35. Therefore, the axis O of the shaft 20 does not shift, and the vibrations generated by the rotation of the joint can be suppressed, so that the shaft 20 can be driven with a large displacement angle. can.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention,
Components that are the same as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted. In this embodiment, the joint mechanism between the outer member 11 and the tube member 29 has a different configuration. That is, the joint mechanism 39 of this embodiment has grooves 4 having an arcuate cross section at equidistant positions on the outer circumferential surface.
A shaft portion 41 having a diameter of 0 is provided on the cup wall portion 13 of the outer member 11 so as to protrude concentrically with the shaft 12, and
A groove 43 having an arcuate cross section is formed in correspondence with the groove 40 on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical wall portion 42 of the tube member 29 surrounding the shaft portion 41. 44 is fitted. Reference numerals 45 and 46 are retaining rings for restricting movement of the ball 44 in the axial direction.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the outer member 11
A shaft portion 48 is protruded inwardly from the wall portion 47 of the tube member 29 which is loosely inserted into the shaft 12, and
Grooves 49 and 50 each having an arcuate cross section are formed at equidistant positions on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion 48 and the inner circumferential surface of the outer member 11 surrounding the shaft portion 48, respectively. The ball 51 is fitted to form a joint mechanism 52. 53a and 53b are retaining rings.

FIG. 9 shows yet another embodiment of a fixed joint in which the tripod member 19 and the outer member are not displaced relative to each other in the axial direction. This joint includes a cylindrical outer member 54 having a flange portion 54a and a spherical inner peripheral surface 54b, and a tulip member 57 having a shaft portion 55 at one end and a peripheral wall portion 56 having a spherical shape. The tube member 57 is loosely inserted into the outer member 54 and connected to the outer member 54 via a joint mechanism 58 so as to be angularly displaceable. A roller guide groove 59 for axially guiding and holding the spherical roller 25 of the tripod member 19 attached to the shaft end of the shaft 20 is formed at three equal circumferential positions of the circumferential wall portion 56 of the tulip member 57. , external teeth 61 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 55.
is formed and surrounds the shaft portion 55.
Internal teeth 60 are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the shaft, and a joint mechanism 58 is constructed by meshing these teeth 60 and 61. Reference numeral 62 denotes a spherical seat attached to the opening on the flange side of the outer member 54, and the spherical surface 64 on the end surface of the shaft portion 55 of the tulip member 57 is brought into sliding contact with the spherical surface 63 at the center of the spherical seat 62. Also in this embodiment, the deviation that occurs in the shaft 20 during operation is caused by the fact that the spherical part 22 of the tripod member 19
4, the tulip member 57 is absorbed by tilting around the joint mechanism 58 using the internal teeth 60 and external teeth 61.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the fixed joint shown in FIG. 9, and the same components as in FIG. 9 are designated by the same reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted. In this embodiment, the joint mechanism between the outer member 54 and the tube member 57 has a different structure. That is, in the joint mechanism 65 of this embodiment, grooves 66 and 67 are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion 55 of the tube member 57 and the inner circumferential surface of the outer member 54 surrounding the shaft portion 55, respectively. A ball 68 is fitted into the grooves 66 and 67. 69 is the thrust seat,
70 is a retaining ring.

In each of the above embodiments, since the displacement angle of the tulip member is small, any joint mechanism for connecting the tulip member to the outer member can be used, such as a universal joint, a constant velocity universal joint, or a coupling. can.

Effects of the invention As described above, in the constant velocity universal joint of the present invention, the tripod member and the cylindrical outer member, each fixed to the two connected axes, are restrained from moving in the radial direction, and the two axes form an angle. Even when rotating in this state, the axis does not shift as in conventional models, so radial vibrations are significantly reduced. Therefore, the conventional problem of having to limit the displacement angle in order to suppress vibration even though it is within the structurally allowable range is resolved, and the displacement angle can be set to a medium-large value. Ivy like you can. Furthermore, by adopting a joint structure that utilizes rolling elements, the tilting movement of the tube member becomes smoother, reducing radial vibration as mentioned above. It is extremely advantageous because it can also absorb vibrations. As described above, according to the present invention, a constant velocity universal joint can be obtained that has little vibration even when the displacement angle is large and can transmit rotational force at a constant speed and without torque fluctuation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a conventional tripod type constant-velocity motor. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the universal joint according to the present invention, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view thereof, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the universal joint according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which the shaft is angularly displaced.
FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the third embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 7, Fig. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the fixed type joint, and Fig. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another example of the fixed type joint. It is. 11, 54... Cylindrical outer member, 11b, 54b
...Inner peripheral surface, 12, 20 ... Shaft, 19 ... Tripod member, 21 ... Trunnion shaft, 22 ... Spherical part, 2
5... Roller, 29, 57... Tulip member, 31, 59... Roller guide groove, 35, 39,
52, 58, 65...Joint mechanism, 33, 44, 5
1,68...Ball (rolling element).

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] It has three trunnion shafts extending in the radial direction,
The tripod member includes a tripod member having a roller rotatably mounted on the trunnion shaft, a tulip member having a roller guide groove extending in the axial direction for accommodating the roller, and a cylindrical outer member accommodating the tulip member therein. The tulip member and the cylindrical outer member are bently connected to each other by a joint mechanism via rolling elements, and the roller guide groove of the tulip member is formed to open outward in the radial direction. The trunnion shaft of the tripod member is passed through the opening part, and the spherical part formed at the end of the trunnion shaft is brought into sliding contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical outer member to be connected.
A constant velocity universal joint characterized in that the tripod member is fixed to one of the shafts, and the cylindrical outer member is fixed to the other shaft.