JPS63286139A - X-ray radiographic equipment for head and cervix - Google Patents
X-ray radiographic equipment for head and cervixInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63286139A JPS63286139A JP62121500A JP12150087A JPS63286139A JP S63286139 A JPS63286139 A JP S63286139A JP 62121500 A JP62121500 A JP 62121500A JP 12150087 A JP12150087 A JP 12150087A JP S63286139 A JPS63286139 A JP S63286139A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chair
- ray
- head
- imaging
- neck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 210000003679 cervix uteri Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 210000001738 temporomandibular joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 34
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 30
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101100087393 Caenorhabditis elegans ran-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000288673 Chiroptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(1)発明の目的
ピ)産業上の利用分野
この発明は頭頸部や歯顎域の診断に用いられる全顎XS
+X断層撮影装置1頭部Xla規格写真撮影装置および
X線顎関節撮影装置など複数のX線装置の機能を兼ね備
え、共用するX線源のX#放射方向を一定に保ったまま
、上記すべての撮影が行える万能型で、しかもX線防睦
のしゃすい頭頸部X線撮影装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Purpose of the invention B) Industrial application field This invention is a full-jaw
+ This invention relates to a head and neck X-ray imaging device that is versatile and X-ray-proof.
(ロ)従来技術およびその問題点
現在の歯科診療では歯顎な含む顔面や頭蓋の診断面で特
に正確さが要求されており、この要求を満たすに不可欠
SX15g!診断装置としての全顎X線断層撮影装置(
以下バフ2フ装Rき記すン。(B) Prior art and its problems In current dental practice, accuracy is particularly required in the diagnosis of the face and cranium, including the teeth and jaws, and the SX15g is indispensable to meet this demand! Full jaw X-ray tomography device as a diagnostic device (
I will write down the buff 2 outfit R below.
頭部X線規格写真撮影装置(以下セファロ装置と記す)
およびX線顎関節撮影装置(以下顎関節装置と記す)の
3種の装置は、それぞれ異々る撮影方式のものであり、
その構成・作動ならびにX線源の容量も異なるため、そ
れぞれ個別に単能装置として作られてiるのが通例であ
る。したがって上記すべての単能装置を併設するX線防
護室は可成り広いスペースを要し、大病院などでは可能
であるが、一般市井の歯科医院などにお−では上記すべ
てを併設しうる防護室を設けることがむつかしい。この
ため止むを得ず上記いずれかの装置を割愛するか、ある
いはパノラマ・セフll1lI装置と称されパノラマ装
置とセファロ装置2を一体化し。Head X-ray standard photography device (hereinafter referred to as cephalometric device)
and X-ray temporomandibular joint imaging device (hereinafter referred to as temporomandibular joint device), each of which has a different imaging method.
Since their configurations and operations as well as the capacities of the X-ray sources differ, they are usually manufactured individually as single-function devices. Therefore, an X-ray protection room equipped with all of the above-mentioned single-function devices requires a considerable amount of space, and while this is possible in large hospitals, it is possible to install an X-ray protection room with all the above-mentioned equipment in a general dental clinic. It is difficult to establish For this reason, one of the above-mentioned devices is either omitted, or the panoramic device and the cephalometric device 2 are integrated into one, which is called a panoramic cephalometric device.
X線源を共用した併合装置を用いる表どして防謹室スペ
ーヌの節減を図っているのが現況である。Currently, efforts are being made to reduce the number of safety rooms by using a combination device that shares an X-ray source.
また上記市井の医院の防護室や大病院の広い防膿のいず
れにおいても併設する複数の装置のそれぞれのX線源の
X線放射方向が異なるだけでなく。Furthermore, in both the protection room of the above-mentioned city clinic and the large pus control room of a large hospital, the X-ray emission directions of the X-ray sources of the multiple devices installed are not only different.
パノラマ装置のようにX線ビームが2百数十度回動する
装置も存在するので防護壁のX線じや蔽能力を周囲#1
とんど全面にわたり強化する必要があり、これが防護室
建設のコスト高を招いている。Since there are devices such as panoramic devices in which the X-ray beam rotates by more than 200 degrees, the X-ray shielding ability of the protective wall is
It is necessary to strengthen the entire area, which increases the cost of constructing a protective chamber.
1現在市場の一部に出ている新凰のパノラマ装置すなわ
ちX線源を固定し患者用椅子を回動させるとともにカセ
ツテを移動させるようにした装置な用いても、上記装置
はパノラマ撮影だけの機能しか有していないので、同じ
防護室内に従来のセファ筒装置および顎関節装置を併設
しなければならず。1. Even if you use the Shino panoramic device currently on the market, which is a device that fixes the X-ray source, rotates the patient chair, and moves the cassette, the device described above is only capable of taking panoramic images. Since it has only one function, the conventional Cepha tube device and temporomandibular joint device must be installed in the same protective room.
したがって上記した防護壁のX線じや蔽能力を大巾に低
減することができず、上記コスト高の問題は解決しない
。このため歯科医療界においては上記したパノラマ・セ
ファロの併合装置では満足せず、更に顎関節も撮影でき
、上記すべての装置を併設したのと同等あるいはそれ以
上の多機能型であり、かつ上記併設に要する費用に比し
、廉価であるとともに、スペースが小さく、シかも低コ
ストのX線防護室に収容しうる装置の出現を強く要望し
ている現況である◎
゛(ハ)技術的課題
この発明は椅座位の被検者頭頸部をはさんでX線源と撮
像部とを対向配置し9頭頸部を透過したX#l情報を撮
影する装置において、ノ(ノラマ・セファロおよび顎関
節撮影に共用のX線源を用−1それに対向する頭頸部を
位置ぎめ固定した被検者用椅子を上記それぞれの撮影方
式1部位などに対応して自在に移動および所定角回動さ
せたり、または所定軌道上を連続的に回動しつつ移動さ
せる向を常に一定に保った状態で、上記複数の装置を併
設した以上の多機能を発揮し、効率が良く、シかもX4
1!防饅が容易であり、防護室も含め設備コストの低摩
な装置を提供することを課題としたものである。Therefore, the X-ray radiation and shielding ability of the above-mentioned protective wall cannot be significantly reduced, and the above-mentioned problem of high cost remains unsolved. For this reason, in the dental medical field, the above-mentioned combined panoramic and cephalometric equipment is not satisfactory; it is also capable of photographing the temporomandibular joints, and is as multifunctional as or more than the combination of all the above-mentioned equipment. There is currently a strong demand for a device that is inexpensive compared to the cost required for X-ray protection, takes up little space, and can be housed in a low-cost X-ray protection room. The invention relates to an apparatus for photographing X#l information transmitted through the head and neck of a subject in a chair-sitting position, in which an X-ray source and an imaging unit are placed opposite each other across the head and neck of a subject in a chair-sitting position. Using a shared X-ray source -1 The chair for the patient with the head and neck positioned and fixed facing it can be freely moved and rotated by a predetermined angle in accordance with the 1 part of each imaging method mentioned above, or While continuously rotating on a predetermined orbit while always keeping the direction of movement constant, it exhibits more functions than the above-mentioned multiple devices, is efficient, and can be easily moved.
1! The object of the present invention is to provide a device that is easy to protect and requires low equipment costs, including a protective chamber.
(2)発明の構成(技術的手段]
上記課題を解決するために講じた技術的手段はつぎのと
おりである。(2) Structure of the invention (technical means) The technical means taken to solve the above problem are as follows.
0)被検者の頭頸部を位置ぎめ固定した被検者用椅子を
載置し、これを所定平面上でX軸ならびにY軸方向に移
動自在に、かつ所定の定点を回転中心として自在に回動
する椅子操作手段を設け。0) Place a patient chair on which the patient's head and neck are positioned and fixed, and move this chair freely in the X-axis and Y-axis directions on a predetermined plane, and around a predetermined fixed point as the center of rotation. A rotating chair operating means is provided.
CI:0上記手段を介して異なる複数の撮影部位のそれ
ぞれの透過像撮影に対応して、上記頭頸部を任意の位置
に移動し前記所定の定点を回転中心として所定の角度回
動せしめるとともに、切換え的に異なる断層域の曲面断
層像撮影に対応するそれぞれの撮影軌道上を回動しつつ
移動せしめる手段を設け、 ・
#、j9X線源を前記それぞれの撮影に対応して。CI:0 Through the means, the head and neck are moved to an arbitrary position and rotated by a predetermined angle about the predetermined fixed point as a center of rotation, corresponding to transmission image capturing of each of a plurality of different imaging regions; A means is provided for rotating and moving the X-ray source on each of the imaging trajectories corresponding to the curved tomographic imaging of different tomographic areas in a switching manner;
対向男前または対向および上下方向に変位せしめる手段
を設け。Providing means for displacing it in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction and in the vertical direction.
(=)撮像部を必要に応じ間欠的または連続的に変位せ
しめる手段を設けることである。(=) Providing means for displacing the imaging section intermittently or continuously as necessary.
(3)技術的手段の作用 この発明に係る装置の構成は、被検者が坐り゛。(3) Effect of technical means The configuration of the apparatus according to the present invention is such that the subject is seated.
その頭頸部を位置ぎめ固定する頭部固定機構を設けた被
検者用椅子(以下単に椅子と記す)を載置するとともに
、X軸、Y軸および回動軸をそれぞれたとえばモータな
介して駆動し、上記椅子の位置および向きを自在に操作
する椅子操作機構と。A patient chair (hereinafter simply referred to as a chair) equipped with a head fixation mechanism for positioning and fixing the head and neck is placed, and the X-axis, Y-axis, and rotation axis are each driven by, for example, a motor. and a chair operating mechanism for freely operating the position and orientation of the chair.
上記位置ぎめした頭頸部に対向し、つぎに述べる複数の
撮影方式の最大負荷に耐える容量を有するX線源を支承
するとともに、たとえばガードレールに沿って頭頸部対
向方向に移動自在で、かつX線源昇降機構を備えた可動
式X線管装置と、このX線源が放射するX線が頭頸部を
透過した透過像または断層像を撮影するとともにX線に
直交する方向に必要に応じて間欠的または連続的に移動
するようにしたたとえばX線フィルムを収容したカセツ
テとか、イメジ管を主体とするか、またはけ成によって
撮影しうる機能はつぎの5件であり。It supports an X-ray source that faces the positioned head and neck and has a capacity to withstand the maximum load of multiple imaging methods described below, and is movable in the direction facing the head and neck, for example along a guardrail, and A movable X-ray tube device equipped with a source elevating mechanism and an X-ray source that captures transmission images or tomographic images of the X-rays transmitted through the head and neck, as well as intermittent images in the direction orthogonal to the X-rays as necessary. There are five functions that can be used to take images, such as a cassette containing X-ray film, an image tube that moves continuously, or an image tube.
と記す)、その(3)はGrant and Lant
ing法による左右顎関節正面撮影、その(4)は左右
顎関節断層域のパノラマ撮影、その(5)は歯列窩を主
体とした全顎断層域のパノラマ撮影である。上記各撮影
機能を順を追って説明するが(1) (2)および(5
)は撮影原理が従来装置と同一であるので、操作などで
異る点・を主として述べる。(1)のセファロ撮影は、
まず頭頸部の両外耳孔を結ぶセファロ基準線を照準しう
るように椅子の向きおよびX線源の床面からの高さを調
整し、つぎに上記セファロ基準線の中心点(以下頭頸部
中心点と記す)がカセツテから所定距離になる位置に椅
子を移動し、固定するとともに、X線焦点も所定距離に
位置するようにX線源。(3) is Grant and Lant.
(4) is a panoramic image of the left and right temporomandibular joint tomographic regions, and (5) is a panoramic image of the entire jaw tomographic region mainly containing the dental fossa. Each of the above shooting functions will be explained step by step (1), (2) and (5).
) has the same imaging principle as the conventional device, so we will mainly discuss the differences in operation etc. (1) Cephalometric imaging is
First, adjust the direction of the chair and the height of the X-ray source from the floor so that you can aim at the cephalometric reference line that connects the external auditory canals of the head and neck. Move the chair to a position where the point (denoted as a dot) is a predetermined distance from the cassette, and fix it, and move the X-ray source so that the X-ray focal point is also located at a predetermined distance.
を移動させて固定する。しかる後椅子の向きのみを変え
て撮影する。(2)のシューラ氏法撮影は、まず椅子に
設けた頭部固定機構のたとえば右側のイヤーロフト支持
桿をカセツテに近接させ、かつXさせ、さらに放射錐軸
が上記イヤー四フト先端を照準する位置までX線に直交
する方向にて前進させて固定し、右顎関節を撮影する。Move and fix. After that, just change the direction of the chair and take the photo. (2) For the Shula method, first, the right ear loft support rod of the head fixation mechanism installed on the chair is brought close to the cassette and set in the X direction, and the radial cone axis is aimed at the tip of the four ear feet. The device is advanced to a position perpendicular to the X-ray and fixed, and the right temporomandibular joint is photographed.
カセツテは閉口状態の撮影後所定距離移動させて開口状
態を撮影する。つぎに椅子を元の位置すなわち椅子中心
と操作機構の中心が合致する位置にもどしたのち反時計
方向に(180°十水平偏角)回動させ、左イヤーロフ
ト支持桿がカセツテに近接する位置に移動させ、さらに
放射錐軸が左イヤーpット先端を照準するように椅子を
後退させて左顎関節を撮、“
影する。しかし撮影の順序としては閉口のまi′T:′
右左、つぎに開口して左・右と撮る方が再現性がよい。After photographing the closed state, the cassette is moved a predetermined distance to photograph the open state. Next, return the chair to its original position, where the center of the chair and the center of the operating mechanism match, and then rotate it counterclockwise (180° horizontal deviation) to a position where the left earloft support rod is close to the cassette. Then, the chair is moved back so that the radial cone axis is aimed at the tip of the left ear pad, and the left temporomandibular joint is photographed.
Reproducibility is better if you open the aperture and shoot left and right, then left and right.
(3)の左右顎関節正面撮影は従来装置ではできず、ま
たこれ専用の装置も無い。このばあ−まず後頭部がカセ
ツテに接するように椅子を移動させるとともに・たとえ
ば左顎関節のときは、正中条状平面が放射錐軸に対し反
時計方向に所定角度傾くように椅子を回動させて固定す
る。X線源は作動の位置にもどしたのち、正中条状平面
が放射錐軸に対し、こんどは時計方向に所定角度傾く位
置まで椅子を回動させて右顎関節を撮影する。(4)の
左右顎関節断層域のパノラマ撮影は従来その専用装置が
なく、僅かに従来のパノラマ装置の一部に歯列窒断層域
を主体とし、併せて顎関節断層域を撮影する装置がある
だけである。この発明は顎関節断層域だけを限定して撮
影しようとするものであり、その構成は撮影原理の異な
るふた通りあり、そのいずれかを択一的に選択する。そ
の一つは断層域が形成する曲面の曲率半径を利用するも
のである。捷ずX線源にマスクを用いてX線ビームを放
射しうるようにするとともに前述したセファロ基準線を
照準しうる高さとし、つぎに述べる手順で位置ぎめされ
る顎関節断層域に対し、所定距離のところにX線焦点が
位置するように設定する。断層域がカセツテに近接する
状態において。(3) Frontal imaging of the left and right temporomandibular joints cannot be performed with conventional equipment, and there is no dedicated equipment for this purpose. In this case, first move the chair so that the back of the head is in contact with the cassette; for example, in the case of the left temporomandibular joint, rotate the chair so that the median stripe plane is tilted at a predetermined angle counterclockwise with respect to the radial cone axis. and fix it. After the X-ray source is returned to its operating position, the chair is rotated to a position where the median stripe plane is tilted at a predetermined angle clockwise with respect to the radial cone axis, and the right temporomandibular joint is photographed. (4) For panoramic imaging of the left and right temporomandibular joint tomographic regions, there is no dedicated equipment for this purpose, and only a few conventional panoramic devices include devices that mainly capture the dental nitrid tomographic region, as well as devices that image the temporomandibular joint tomographic region. It just is. This invention attempts to image only the temporomandibular joint tomographic region, and there are two configurations with different imaging principles, one of which is selected as an alternative. One of them is to utilize the radius of curvature of the curved surface formed by the fault area. A mask is used on the X-ray source to make it possible to emit an X-ray beam, and the height is set so that the aforementioned cephalometric reference line can be aimed at. Set the X-ray focal point to be located at the distance. In a state where the fault area is close to the cassette.
椅子操作機構の回転中心の鉛直線上に断層域曲面断層域
の起点付近に位置するように椅子の向きを所定角度回動
させるとともにカセツテを椅子の回動と逆方向に上記回
動速度に対応する定速で連続的に移動させて断層域をパ
ノラマ状に撮影する。The direction of the chair is rotated by a predetermined angle so that it is located near the starting point of the fault area curved fault area on the vertical line of the rotation center of the chair operating mechanism, and the cassette is rotated in the opposite direction to the rotation of the chair at the above rotation speed. It moves continuously at a constant speed to take panoramic images of the fault area.
つぎに椅子の中心を椅子操作機構の回転中心の鉛直線上
にもどし、180’反時計方向に回動させたのち上記と
同じ手順で左顎関節断層域をパノラマ状に撮影する。以
上が一つの構成であり、今一つの構成はつぎの(5)で
述べる全顎断層域のパノラマ撮影と同一原理のものであ
り、X線源の位置設定。Next, the center of the chair is returned to the vertical line of the rotation center of the chair operating mechanism, and after the chair is rotated 180' counterclockwise, a panoramic image of the left temporomandibular joint tomographic area is taken using the same procedure as above. The above is one configuration, and the other configuration is based on the same principle as the panoramic imaging of the whole jaw tomographic region described in (5) below, and involves setting the position of the X-ray source.
X線ビームの放射およびカセツテの連続移動は上記その
−の構成と同じであるが、上記と異なる点は・椅子操作
機構の3個のモータを互いに所定の関係条件のもとで、
それぞれ制御し駆動することによって、椅子操作機構の
回転中心の鉛直線上の定点に対し、相対的に被検者の顎
関節断層域が常にX線ビームの正方投影下において定速
移動しつつ回動するように椅子が所定角度範囲を回動す
ることである。このようにしてたとえば右顎関節断上記
椅子操作機構の回転中心鉛直線上に左顎関節断層域の撮
影起点を移したのち上記と同じく椅子を回動させながら
移動し、右顎関節断層域のパノラマ撮影を行う。最後に
(5)の歯列彎を主体とした定の゛迎角なもたせて定位
置に静止し、被検者が回動する点が大きく異なる。すな
わち椅子操作機構の回転中心の鉛直線上の定点に対し、
相対的に被検者の全顎断層軌道が常にX線ビームの正方
投影下において移動しながら回動するように椅子を操作
するのである。この回動速度およびカセツテの反対方向
への移動速度を断層域の部位に対応して可変速に制御さ
れる点は従来装置と同じである。The radiation of the X-ray beam and the continuous movement of the cassette are the same as the configuration described above.
By controlling and driving each, the subject's temporomandibular joint tomographic region is always rotated at a constant speed under the square projection of the X-ray beam relative to a fixed point on the vertical line of the rotation center of the chair operating mechanism. The chair rotates within a predetermined angular range as shown in FIG. In this way, for example, after moving the imaging starting point of the left temporomandibular joint tomographic region onto the vertical line of the rotation center of the above-mentioned chair operating mechanism, the chair is rotated and moved in the same way as above, and a panoramic view of the right temporomandibular joint tomographic region is obtained. Take pictures. Finally, there is a major difference in (5) in that the test subject remains stationary at a fixed position with a constant angle of attack based on the curvature of the teeth, and the subject rotates. In other words, with respect to a fixed point on the vertical line of the rotation center of the chair operating mechanism,
The chair is operated so that the subject's whole jaw tomographic trajectory is always moving and rotating under the square projection of the X-ray beam. This rotation speed and the speed of movement of the cassette in the opposite direction are controlled to be variable speeds depending on the location of the fault region, as in the conventional device.
(4)発明の効果
この発明は以上のように構成されており、この発明にか
かる装置は、前項で述べ□たとおり、それぞれ異なる5
種の撮影機能を兼ね備えた画期的な多機能X線装置であ
り、対象を頭頸部に限れば万能型X線装置とも云える。(4) Effect of the invention This invention is configured as described above, and as described in the previous section, the device according to the invention has five different types.
It is a groundbreaking multi-functional X-ray device that has various imaging functions, and can be considered a versatile X-ray device if the target area is limited to the head and neck.
これは被検者用椅子の操作手段が椅子を載置し、これを
X軸・Y軸方向に自在に移動させる構体なX線放射錐軸
上の定点を回転中心として自在に回動させるものであり
。This is a system in which the operating means of the patient chair places the chair on it and allows the chair to be freely rotated around a fixed point on the X-ray emitting cone axis, which is a structure that allows the chair to be freely moved in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Yes.
かつ上記X軸・Y軸方向の移動および回動を駆動もたら
されたものである。なおこの装置の断層域り低い拡大率
を一定に保つことによって実物大にりの制御条件を変更
するだけで異なる任意の断層軌道を撮影しうるものであ
る。このようにしてX″線源の放射方向は常に一定とな
り、X線防謹室の□周壁の一面だけX線じや蔽能力を強
化した1次防護とし、他のすべての面は患者や機器など
からの散乱X線に対する2次防設で十分て、防護室が廉
く造れる。また使用X線管球は大容量のものを用いても
1重負荷のセファロ撮影や顎関節撮影の比率が高(、X
線管球が割高にならないだけでなく。Moreover, the movement and rotation in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are driven. By keeping the low magnification of the tomographic area of this device constant, it is possible to image different arbitrary tomographic trajectories simply by changing the control conditions of the full-scale image. In this way, the radiation direction of the X-ray source is always constant, and only one side of the peripheral wall of the X-ray protection room provides primary protection with enhanced X-ray shielding ability, while all other sides are used for patients and equipment. Secondary protection against scattered X-rays from other sources is sufficient, and a protective room can be constructed at low cost.Furthermore, even if a large-capacity X-ray tube is used, the ratio of single-load cephalometric imaging and temporomandibular joint imaging is low. High(,X
Not only are wire tubes not expensive.
−ずれの撮影も鮮鋭度のすぐれた写真が得られ。-You can obtain photos with excellent sharpness even when shooting with misalignment.
診断能の高い装置となり、X線源の効率を向上させる。It becomes a device with high diagnostic ability and improves the efficiency of the X-ray source.
なおこの装置は椅子操作機構々ど複靴精巧な機構を有し
、高価に力るとはいえ、前述した従来の単能装置を複数
併設することに比すれば、低摩であると2はいうまでも
ない。Although this device has sophisticated mechanisms such as the chair operation mechanism and is expensive, it is much less expensive than the conventional single-function devices mentioned above. Needless to say.
具体例を説明する。第1図は前述した五つの機能(3)
に坐った被検者の頭頸部(4)との相対位置関係は線C
2rが示すのはシューラ氏法撮影または顎関節正面撮影
のときのものである。装置(1)は上記可動式X線管装
置(2)と、椅子(3)と、この椅子を載置し。A specific example will be explained. Figure 1 shows the five functions mentioned above (3)
The relative positional relationship with the head and neck region (4) of the subject sitting is line C.
2r indicates the image obtained during Shula's imaging or frontal imaging of the temporomandibular joint. The device (1) includes the movable X-ray tube device (2), a chair (3), and this chair.
とれをX−Y軸方向に自在に移動し、かつ回動せしめる
椅子操作機構(点線で示す)(5)を内蔵する椅子基台
(6)と、この基台に植設された支柱(7)上に設けた
撮像部たとえばカセツテ装填部(8)とから成つでいる
。可動式X線管装置(2)はたとえば管電圧100KV
p、管電流300mkf)大容量管球(以下X線源と記
す)(9)に数種の撮影方式に対応する多重絞りα〔を
装着し、これを第2図にて説明する昇降機構Q2!によ
って上下動する昇降軸Cl31上に、その放射錐軸(X
c)を一方向においてのみ任意の俯角(θ1)または迎
角(θ2)をとりうるように取付けられている。上記昇
降機構02)を内蔵する固定軸051は、床面(161
に敷設したガイドレール(1?iに沿って移動する台車
a81に植設されている。ここで第2図の昇降機構断面
拡大図を簡単に説明する。固定軸a51の内腔にし、固
定軸頂部の上部軸受部■およびその若干下つ固定軸に突
設したガイド部材■に螺合するガイドビン(ハ)にはま
り合うガイド溝(至)を穿設した昇降軸α31を岡)の
範囲で昇降させる。第1図にもどって椅子(3)に設け
た頭部固定機構■の左右1対のイヤーロフト(31L)
(3]R)の床面側からの高さくHl)は椅子の座のの
昇降に関係なく一定に保つように頭部固定機構の支柱(
至)を椅子の固定台座(財)に植設している。したがっ
て被検者の座高の個人差によって上記座(支)を昇降し
、イヤーロフ) (31L)(31R)を両列耳孔に挿
入することによって頭頸部(4)を所定の位置ぎめがで
き、これを固定する。また全顎パノラマ撮影の際上記イ
ヤーロットの上級と眼窩下縁を結ぶ眼耳平面を水平に保
つように頭頸部の位置ぎめに用いるあご台(至)および
これと係合し、若干上下位置が調整可能で前歯の位置を
規制するバイドブDフク伽)は上記頭部固定機構の操作
台匈に突設した部材(至)に回動自在に係合するレバー
国の先端に設けられ、上記撮影時、所定の位置に回動し
10撮影するには1作用の項で述べたとおリセ7作機構
の回転中心点の鉛直線上に位置し、カセツテ装填部(8
)のカセツテ1411内のX線フィルム(421から1
51(Le )の距離を保つようにしである。この椅子
(3)の向きを図のように正中矢状平面0がカ七′ッテ
(41)に平行し1頭部部左側面をX線源(9)に対向
する位置に回動し、固定する。X線源(9)の熱点(9
X)が上記頭頸部中心点ρ)に対し150 clN、(
Lb)になる位置に台車0区を同定し、かつその放射錐
軸(Xc)が上記セファロ基準m(Ls)を照準するよ
う昇降機構02+を作動させたのち、側面セファロを撮
影する。A chair base (6) with a built-in chair operating mechanism (indicated by dotted lines) (5) for freely moving and rotating the arm in the X-Y axis directions, and a support column (7) installed on this base. ), for example, a cassette loading section (8). The movable X-ray tube device (2) has a tube voltage of 100 KV, for example.
p, tube current 300 mkf) A large capacity tube (hereinafter referred to as an ! The radial cone axis (X
c) is installed so that it can take any angle of depression (θ1) or angle of attack (θ2) in only one direction. The fixed shaft 051 that incorporates the lifting mechanism 02) is connected to the floor (161
The guide rail (1?i) is installed on the trolley a81 that moves along In the range of the lifting shaft α31, which has a guide groove (to) that fits into the guide pin (c) that screws into the upper bearing part ■ at the top and the guide member ■ protruding from the fixed shaft slightly below it. Raise and lower. Returning to Figure 1, a pair of left and right ear lofts (31L) of the head fixing mechanism ■ installed on the chair (3)
(3) The height Hl) of R) from the floor side is kept constant regardless of the elevation of the chair seat (
) is planted on the fixed pedestal of the chair. Therefore, the head and neck (4) can be positioned in a predetermined position by raising and lowering the seat (support) according to the individual differences in the sitting height of the examinee and inserting the Earoff (31L) (31R) into both rows of ear canals. to be fixed. In addition, in order to keep the oculo-aural plane connecting the upper part of the ear rod and the lower rim of the orbit horizontally during full-jaw panoramic photography, it engages with the chin rest used for positioning the head and neck, and the vertical position is slightly changed. The adjustable lever that regulates the position of the front teeth is installed at the tip of the lever that rotatably engages with the member protruding from the operating platform of the head fixation mechanism. In order to rotate to a predetermined position and take 10 images, the cassette loading section (8
) in cassette 1411 (421 to 1
The aim is to maintain a distance of 51 (Le). Rotate the chair (3) so that the midsagittal plane 0 is parallel to the head (41) and the left side of the head is facing the X-ray source (9) as shown in the figure. , fixed. The hot spot (9) of the X-ray source (9)
X) is 150 clN, (
After identifying the 0 section of the cart at the position of Lb) and operating the elevating mechanism 02+ so that its radial cone axis (Xc) aims at the cephalometric reference m (Ls), side cephalometric images are taken.
正面および斜位セファロ撮影は椅子(3)を主として手
動にて回動させて行う。カセツテ(41)の装填位置を
側面・正面撮影に対応して移動させることおよびX線源
(9)のマスク交換は従来装置と同じである。Frontal and oblique cephalometric imaging are performed mainly by manually rotating the chair (3). Moving the loading position of the cassette (41) corresponding to side and frontal imaging and replacing the mask of the X-ray source (9) are the same as in the conventional apparatus.
つぎに第3.第4図によって椅子基台(6)に内蔵した
椅子操作機構(5)を説明する。第3陥は基台カバー
(6C)を外した状態での平面図、第4図は第3図のI
V−mV’断面図である。第3図にお−で1点鎖線(7
)を植立する固定台部化)であり、2点鎖k (4fl
iiで示外円は椅子(3)の固定台座−)であるが、内
部の機構(5)の説明のため、上記(6C) (45i
((41は仮想線で関係位置のみを示す。椅子(3)
の中心軸(4ηを数本のボルト4個を有し、これを介し
てY方向キャリア(51)に平行状に架設した1対のガ
イド軸GIiにまたがって摺動自在に支承されている。Next, the third. The chair operating mechanism (5) built into the chair base (6) will be explained with reference to FIG. The third hole is the base cover
A plan view with (6C) removed, Figure 4 is I of Figure 3.
It is a V-mV' cross-sectional view. In Figure 3, there is a one-dot chain line (7).
), and a two-point chain k (4fl
The outer circle in ii is the fixed pedestal of the chair (3), but in order to explain the internal mechanism (5), the above (6C) (45i
((41 is an imaginary line showing only the related position.Chair (3)
The central axis (4η) has several bolts, and is slidably supported via a pair of guide shafts GIi installed in parallel on the Y-direction carrier (51).
さらにX方向キャリア(491はねじ軸弥に螺合し点線
で示す筒状ナツト(財)を有し、上記ねじ軸ωがY方向
キャリア511に設けたパルスモータA(イ)の出力軸
のビニオン■と噛合する平歯車i!i7)と直結されて
おり、上記パルスモータの可逆回転によってX軸方向(
X)に自在に移動する。Y方向キャリア61)のY方向
の移動も上記と同様の構成で行われる。すなわち上記ボ
ールブツシュなどの軸受(501を4個有し、4隅に切
欠き(支)を形成した回転構体唾に平行状に架設した1
対のガイド軸釧−にまたがって摺動自在に支承されるY
方向キャリア6Bは、それに突設した筒状ナツト(財)
に螺合するねじ軸曽が回転構体Sglに設けたパルスモ
ータB (641の可逆回転によってビニオン(65)
・平−事例を介して可逆回転することによってYIIl
]方向(ト)に自在に移動する。回転構体(59)は一
体重に係合し体69)の回転角を規制するディスクブレ
ーキU9を設け、椅子(3)を所定の回動角度位置で停
止・固定する。また回転構体5俤の周縁部に設けるキャ
スタ(資))は被検者の体重を含め椅子およびその操作
機構(5)全体の荷重を分散担当し、かつその回動操作
を円滑化するに足るものを必要数設ける。以上の構成に
よって椅子(3)の中心(3C)は操作機構中心(5C
)に対し、X軸の左右方向およびY軸の前後方向にそれ
ぞれたとえば約150fl偏移可能となり、かつその偏
心状態で任意の角度回動しうるものとなる。Furthermore, the X-direction carrier (491 has a cylindrical nut screwed onto the screw shaft and shown by the dotted line), and the screw shaft ω is the pinion of the output shaft of the pulse motor A (A) provided on the Y-direction carrier 511. It is directly connected to spur gear i!i7) that meshes with
Move freely to X). The movement of the Y-direction carrier 61) in the Y-direction is also performed with the same configuration as above. In other words, a rotary structure having four bearings (501) such as the above-mentioned ball bushings and having notches (supports) formed at the four corners is installed parallel to the rotary structure.
Y is slidably supported across a pair of guide shafts.
The direction carrier 6B has a cylindrical nut protruding from it.
The screw shaft (641) screwed into the pinion (65) is
・YIIl by reversible rotation through the flat case
] Move freely in the direction (G). The rotating structure (59) is provided with a disc brake U9 that engages with one weight and regulates the rotation angle of the body 69), and stops and fixes the chair (3) at a predetermined rotation angle position. In addition, the casters installed on the periphery of the rotating structure (5) are sufficient to distribute the entire load of the chair and its operating mechanism (5), including the subject's weight, and to facilitate its rotational operation. Provide the necessary number of items. With the above configuration, the center (3C) of the chair (3) is the center of the operating mechanism (5C).
), it can be displaced, for example, by approximately 150 fl in the left-right direction of the X-axis and the front-back direction of the Y-axis, and can be rotated at any angle in its eccentric state.
つぎに上記椅子操作機構(5)の作動によって可能とな
ったシューラ氏法撮影を第1.第5.第6図によって説
明する。第1図で示したとおりXM管装置LV (21
の焦点(9x)のカセツテ1411 iでの距離(La
)を50〜60αとし、かつその放射離軸(Xc)が
たと工Id 30 oノWf 角(171)ヲfx f
高−8(H2) ニX 線ffi (9) 全設定す
る。今右顎関節の閉口状態から撮影すると軸(Xc)か
ら外れる。したがって椅子(3)をY軸方向(Ylに(
乱り前進させ放射離軸(Xc)が右イヤーロフト先端(
3]RT)を正しく照準するようにして撮影する。Next, the Shula method photographing, which was made possible by the operation of the chair operating mechanism (5), was performed in the first step. Fifth. This will be explained with reference to FIG. As shown in Figure 1, the XM tube device LV (21
The distance (La
) is 50 to 60α, and its radial off-axis (Xc) is
High-8 (H2) D X-ray ffi (9) Set all. If you take a picture of the right temporomandibular joint with the mouth closed, it will deviate from the axis (Xc). Therefore, move the chair (3) in the Y-axis direction (Yl (
The radial off axis (Xc) moves forward in disorder and the right ear loft tip (
3] Take a picture while aiming correctly at RT).
つぎに左顎関節を撮影するには椅子(3)の中心(第3
図で示した(3c) )を元の位置すなわち操作機構の
中心(5c)位置にもどし1反時計方向に180’+]
O’=190°回動させたのち上記の同様左イヤーロッ
ト(31L)の支持桿ガがカセツテ141Hこ近接する
位置に椅子を移動させ、つぎに椅子をY軸方向(イ)に
にYl)だけ後退させると、放射離軸(Xe )が左イ
ヤーロット先端(31LT)を照準し、この状態で撮影
する。この撮影に用いるカセツテ(41)はたとえばパ
ノラマ撮影用X線フィルム静を内蔵し、その長手方向に
4枚の写真を撮れるようにその長手方向の長さくe)の
】/4の寸法(e/4)づつ撮影の都度移動させる。つ
ぎに第1.第7.第8図によって顎関節正面撮影(Gr
ant and Lanting法)を説明する。第1
図の点(9X)より頭頸部(4)に近いため頭頸部は(
4)の位置にくる。したがって椅子をY軸方向(Y)
)こ(乱2)前進させ、放射離軸(Xc)が左眼窩中央
部(78L)を照準する位置で固定する。この際被検者
に犬きく開口させた状態で、眼耳平面を水平に保たしめ
て撮影する。この開口状態のまま椅子を(乱2〕後退さ
せたのち時計方向に上記(θ4)が20°になるように
回動し。Next, to photograph the left temporomandibular joint, take the center of the chair (3)
Return (3c) shown in the figure to its original position, that is, the center (5c) of the operating mechanism, and move counterclockwise 180'+]
After rotating the chair by O'=190°, move the chair to a position where the support rod of the left ear rod (31L) is close to the cassette 141H, as described above, and then move the chair in the Y-axis direction (A). When the camera is moved back by 1, the radiation off-axis (Xe) aims at the left ear rod tip (31LT), and a photograph is taken in this state. The cassette (41) used for this photographing has, for example, a built-in X-ray film for panoramic photography, and has a length e) of ]/4 (e/4) so that four photographs can be taken in the longitudinal direction. 4) Move it one by one each time you take a photo. Next, the first. 7th. Figure 8 shows the front view of the temporomandibular joint (Gr
Ant and Lanting method) will be explained. 1st
Because it is closer to the head and neck (4) than the point (9X) in the figure, the head and neck are (
Come to position 4). Therefore, move the chair in the Y-axis direction (Y)
) (Ran 2) Move it forward and fix it at a position where the radial axis (Xc) aims at the center of the left orbit (78L). At this time, the subject is photographed with the subject's eyes wide open and the eye and ear planes kept horizontal. After moving the chair backward (2) in this open state, it was rotated clockwise so that the above angle (θ4) was 20°.
上記同様さらに(乱2)だけ後退させ、右眼窩中央部(
78R)を照準する位置にて固定し、撮影する。このば
あいカセツテI41)はX線フィルムの長手方向の長さ
くのの約1/3移動させる。以上がこの装置(])の複
数の部位に対する透視像直接撮影の実施例であり。As above, move back further by (Ran 2) and move the center of the right orbit (
78R) at the aiming position and take a picture. In this case, the cassette I41) is moved by about 1/3 of the length in the longitudinal direction of the X-ray film. The above is an example of direct fluoroscopic image capturing of a plurality of parts using this device (]).
その作動においてX線源はその昇降、椅子の移動および
回動(ただしセファロ撮影時を除く〕をすべて自動化し
、X線源の移動および照準動作、カセツテの間欠移動、
およびセファロ撮影時の椅子の回動は通常手動操作であ
るが、必要に応じ適宜見た平面図で、内部を示すため一
部破裁しているO第10図は第9図のx−X′断面図で
あり1図において2点鎖線で示すカセツテI41)は前
述したそれぞれの透視像直接撮影用のものであり、後述
する断層像撮影時には装填しない。3点鎖線で示す断層
撮影用カセツテ(列をパルスモータD (811の駆動
によって断層域の形状に対応し可変速度で連続的に移動
させるカセツテ移動機構(82)は筆者らが出願し。During its operation, the raising and lowering of the X-ray source, the movement and rotation of the chair (except during cephalometric imaging) are all automated, and the movement and aiming of the X-ray source, the intermittent movement of the cassette,
The rotation of the chair during cephalometric imaging is normally done manually; however, the plan view is taken as necessary, and Figure 10, which has been partially cut out to show the interior, is from x-X in Figure 9. The cassette I41), which is a cross-sectional view and is indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The authors have filed an application for a cassette moving mechanism (82) that continuously moves a tomography cassette (array) at a variable speed according to the shape of the tomographic region by driving a pulse motor D (811), as shown by the three-dot chain line.
既に公開されている実願昭58−156206号の「歯
科用パノラマX線撮影装置」の公報に詳細に示されてい
るので、ここでは簡単に説明する。It is described in detail in the already published publication of Utility Model Application No. 156206/1983 entitled "Dental Panoramic X-ray Photography Apparatus", so it will be briefly explained here.
すなわちカセツテ移動機flit f82+はカセツテ
キャリア(831と、とのカセツテキャリアな摺動自在
に支承するとともに、上記パルスモータD (811の
駆動によって連続移動させるキャリア支持構体(84)
とで構成されている。カセツテキャリア(83)は断面
欠円形の走行軸結)と、鋳造成壓材にてなるカセツテ保
持枠(86)はモータ基台(9A)のボール・ブツシュ
などの軸方向運動の玉軸受歌)を介して上記走行軸(8
5)を摺動自在に支承するとともに、モータ基台(rl
[l)に植設した支軸−1に揺動可能に支承されたモー
タ(81)の摩擦転輪(財)は、たとえはウレタンゴム
を被覆し、モータ基台■)の一端と、固定された緊着部
材(95)との間に張架したスプリング(資))の弾撥
力によって上記走行軸結)に圧接されており、モータ(
81jの回転を確実にカセツテキャリア@3jの移動に
変換する。□□□はカセツテキャリア(&()の移動時
の横振れ防止部材である。That is, the cassette moving device flit f82+ slidably supports the cassette carrier (831), and also has a carrier support structure (84) that is continuously moved by the drive of the pulse motor D (811).
It is made up of. The cassette carrier (83) is a traveling shaft with a circular cross section, and the cassette holding frame (86) is made of cast material and is a ball bearing for axial movement such as the balls and bushes of the motor base (9A). ) through the traveling shaft (8
5) slidably supports the motor base (rl
The friction wheels of the motor (81), which are swingably supported on the support shaft -1 installed in [l), are coated with urethane rubber and fixed to one end of the motor base (■). The tension member (95) and the tension member (95) are pressed against the traveling shaft connection (2) by the elastic force of a spring (95) stretched between them.
To surely convert rotation of 81j into movement of cassette carrier @3j. □□□ is a member to prevent lateral vibration when the cassette carrier (&()) is moved.
その他キャリア支持構体(8ツ)の前面マスク(財)に
設けたX線ビーム入射ヌリッ) (!Jj 、カセツテ
の後部に設けた自動露出制御用X線検出器(100)
、カセツテの装填位置ならびにカセツテの移動開始位置
検出用の光検出器(102) (103) 、カセツテ
(In+の移動速度を断層域の形状に対応させて可変制
御する電子回路(104)などは上記公開公報の装置と
同じであり、詳説を省く。ここでこの装置(])の左右
顎関節断層域の曲面断層像撮影の実施例として前述の(
3)の作用の項での2つの構成のうちの一つ断層域の曲
率半径を利用する撮影機能を採用した装置として第11
図を用いて説明する。上記(3)の項で述べたとおり図
示を省いたX線源からX線ビーム(XB)を放射す −
るようにし、その上下方向の高さを第1図で示す点をカ
セツテ(80)からたとえば53画の距離(Ln )の
位置にてX線源を固定する。今左“顕関節断層域(]0
5L)から撮影するとすれば、それをカセツテ(80)
に対向する状態のまま、椅子(3)をカセツテ(Ill
o)に近接させ、左顎関節の断層軌道(L5)の曲率半
径(rl)の中心点(01)が椅子操作機構の回転中心
(5c)と合致した位置で椅子を反時計方向に(θ5)
たとえば17゜回動させると、顎関節および頭頸部(4
)が図の実線で示す位置となる。すなわち左顎関節断層
軌道(L5)の撮影の定点(P8)にX線ビーム(Xc
〕が照準される。Other X-ray beam entrance holes installed on the front mask of the carrier support structure (8) (!Jj, X-ray detector for automatic exposure control (100) installed at the rear of the cassette)
, a photodetector (102) (103) for detecting the loading position of the cassette and the starting position of the cassette, and an electronic circuit (104) for variable control of the moving speed of the cassette (In+) according to the shape of the fault area. This is the same as the device in the published publication, and a detailed explanation will be omitted.Here, as an example of curved tomographic imaging of the left and right temporomandibular joint tomographic regions using this device (]), the above-mentioned (
3) One of the two configurations described in the section 11.
This will be explained using figures. As stated in section (3) above, an X-ray beam (XB) is emitted from an X-ray source (not shown).
The X-ray source is fixed at a distance (Ln) of, for example, 53 strokes from the cassette (80) at a point whose vertical height is shown in FIG. Now on the left “manifold fault area (]0
If you are shooting from a cassette (80)
Place the chair (3) in the cassette (Ill.
o), and move the chair counterclockwise (θ5) at a position where the center point (01) of the radius of curvature (rl) of the tomographic trajectory (L5) of the left temporomandibular joint coincides with the rotation center (5c) of the chair operating mechanism. )
For example, when rotated 17 degrees, the temporomandibular joint and head and neck (4
) is the position shown by the solid line in the figure. In other words, the X-ray beam (Xc
] is aimed at.
このように準備したのちX線ビーム(XB)を放射する
と図示しない制御装置が作りし、椅子操作機構(5)の
パルスモータC(73iとカセツテ移U 機l、: (
821のパルスモータD ff1llが同時にそれぞれ
制御された速度で回転し、椅子(3)を時計方向(■)
に(θ6)だとオば約26°の角度範囲な円孤状に回動
駆動する。このことは上記断層域aO5L)を刻々にX
線ビーム(XB)が正中投影することであり、この影像
を受像するXMテ(80)内のX線フィルムにパノラマ
状に撮影される。After preparing in this way, when the X-ray beam (XB) is emitted, a control device (not shown) generates a pulse motor C (73i) of the chair operating mechanism (5) and a cassette transfer unit U.
The 821 pulse motors Dff1ll simultaneously rotate at controlled speeds to move the chair (3) clockwise (■).
(θ6), it is rotated in a circular arc shape with an angle range of about 26°. This means that the fault area aO5L)
The ray beam (XB) is projected midline, and the image is captured in a panoramic manner on an X-ray film in the XM telescope (80).
つぎに右顎関節(]05R)をパノラマ撮影する際の図
示は省略するが、上記左側の撮影終了時の頭頸部(4丁
の向きをそのままにして、その中心pγを元の位置すな
わち操作機構中心(5c)の鉛直線上に合致する位置に
もどしたのち・椅子を180 回動させたのちは上記の
同一手順で撮影する。つぎに第12図によってこの装置
(1)の歯列宥を主体とした全顎断層域パノラマ撮影の
実施例を説明する。図は全顎断層域(106)の撮影開
始位置を実線で、撮影終了位置を点線(10bX′)で
、その中間すなわち前歯部(106T)撮影時の断層域
(106’)を1点鎖線でそれぞれ示し、それらの間の
撮影位置は図が見にくくなるので図示しない。この装置
(1ンが従来装置と異なり)l;lビーム(XB )が
常に一定点(P8)を照射し、全顎断層軌道(L6)が
上記X線ビーム(xB)に直交する状態で刻々に通過す
ることによって従来装置と同一の全顎パ10oの迎角(
θ2ンをもたせるとともにカセツテ(胆が力近接させた
状態で1頭部部(4)を前述したあご台器およびバイト
ブロック(支))によって眼耳平面を水平にして固定す
る。この際イヤーロア)C(11にはバットをはめて、
外耳孔の拘束を解き、上記バットによって頭部を挾持す
るに止める。このように準備したのちX線ビーム(Xn
)の放射・椅子(3)の回動およびカセツテキャリア咬
)の連続移動を同時に開始するのであるが、椅子操作機
構(5)の回転中心(5c)に対し頭頸部中心p)to
i tpfすなわち正中矢状平面C)rrlf ト(!
−y −r o a=sts (LS) <Ls’>
<Ls′5トノ交点カ図示したような位置関係となり、
さらに0)から(d5L01から(Of’に移る軌跡は
前述したように定点(P8)を全顎断層軌道(L6)が
X線ビーム(XB)の正方投影を受けながら時計方向(
alに通過するに対応して複雑ではあるが一定の軌跡を
形成する。したがって椅子操作m 構(s)の3個のパ
ルスモータA(ト)、 B (641。Next, although illustration is omitted when taking a panoramic photograph of the right temporomandibular joint (]05R), the direction of the head and neck at the end of the photographing on the left side (with the orientation of the four fingers unchanged, the center pγ is returned to the original position, that is, the operation mechanism After returning the chair to a position that matches the vertical line of the center (5c) and rotating the chair 180 times, take pictures using the same procedure as above.Next, using Fig. 12, we will focus on the alignment of the teeth using this device (1). An example of panoramic imaging of the whole jaw tomographic region (106) will be described below.The figure shows the imaging start position of the whole jaw tomographic region (106) as a solid line, the imaging end position as a dotted line (10bX'), and ) The tomographic area (106') at the time of imaging is shown by a dashed-dotted line, and the imaging position between them is not shown because it makes the diagram difficult to see.This equipment (unlike the conventional equipment) ) always irradiates a fixed point (P8), and the full-jaw tomographic trajectory (L6) passes every moment in a state orthogonal to the X-ray beam (xB), thereby achieving the same angle of attack of the full-jaw path 10o as with the conventional device. (
While holding the θ2 angle, fix the eye and ear plane horizontally using a cassette (with the head part (4) held close to the head, the above-mentioned jaw rest and bite block (support)). At this time, put a bat on ear lower) C (11),
The external ear canal is released and the head is held between the bats. After preparing in this way, an X-ray beam (Xn
), the rotation of the chair (3) and the continuous movement of the cassette carrier (p) to
i tpf or median sagittal plane C) rrlf t(!
-y -ro a=sts (LS) <Ls'>
<Ls'5 The positional relationship of the toner intersection is as shown in the diagram,
Further, the trajectory from 0) to (d5L01 to (Of') moves clockwise (
A complex but constant trajectory is formed in response to passing through al. Therefore, the three pulse motors A (g) and B (641) of the chair operation m structure (s).
C(資))は図示しないたとえばマイクロコンピュータ
によってそれぞれ制御され、単位回動角度ごとに位置に
移動させるのである。その椅子回動速度に対応して逆方
向(b)に連続移動するカセツテ(80)もパルスモー
タD (8])が可変速制御されるので上記(Vc3)
と一定の比率の可変速度(VO4)にて移動する。C (capital)) is controlled by, for example, a microcomputer (not shown), and is moved to a position for each unit rotation angle. The cassette (80), which continuously moves in the opposite direction (b) in accordance with the rotational speed of the chair, is also variable-speed controlled by the pulse motor D (8), so that the above (Vc3)
It moves at a variable speed (VO4) with a constant ratio.
このように1000回動し、全顎断層域が(1065の
位置までくると全顎断層域パノラマ撮影は終了する。After rotating 1000 times in this way, when the whole jaw tomographic area reaches the position (1065), the whole jaw tomographic area panoramic imaging ends.
以上がこの発明にかかる一実施例装置の説明であるが、
この発明は図示や説明に限定されるものでないことはい
うまでもない。たとえば撮像部をカセツテ装填部として
説明したが、イメジ管を用いテレビ受像管をモニターと
し、それを録画するようにした撮像部でもよく、または
けい元板にてX線像を可視光像に変換し、とgを近時発
達した二次元固体撮像素子で光電変換し、テレビモニタ
および録画装置によって録画するようにした撮像部でも
よい。また装置の撮影機能を簡素化し、全顎パノラマ撮
影とセファロ撮影とを兼ねるものか。The above is a description of an embodiment of the device according to the present invention.
It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the illustrations and descriptions. For example, although the imaging unit has been described as a cassette loading unit, it may also be an imaging unit that uses an image tube and a television picture tube as a monitor and records it, or it may convert an X-ray image into a visible light image using a source plate. However, it is also possible to use an imaging unit that photoelectrically converts and g using a recently developed two-dimensional solid-state imaging device and records the image using a television monitor and a recording device. Also, will the imaging function of the device be simplified so that it can be used for both full-jaw panoramic imaging and cephalometric imaging?
あるいは全顎パノラマ撮影と顎関節撮影とを兼ねるもの
にしてもよい。また可動式X線管装置はXAlternatively, it may be used for both full-jaw panoramic imaging and temporomandibular joint imaging. In addition, the movable X-ray tube device
篩機構の断面図、第3図は椅子操作機構の平面図。
第4図は第3図のIY−IV’断面図、第5図はこの装
置による右顎関節シューラ氏法撮影の説明図、第6図は
左顎関節シューラ氏法撮影の説明図、第7・第8図は左
、右顎関節正面撮影の説明図、第9図は撮像部のカセツ
テ移動機構の背面図(一部破裁)。
第10図は第9図のx−x’断面図(ただしモータ部分
は断面せず側面図である)、第11図は顎関節断層域の
曲面断層像撮影の説明図(左顎関節)。
第12図は歯列窒を主体とした全額断層域の曲面断層g
#撮影の説明図である。A sectional view of the sieve mechanism, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the chair operating mechanism. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of IY-IV' in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of right temporomandibular joint Schuller imaging using this device, Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of left temporomandibular joint Schuller imaging, and Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram of left temporomandibular joint Schuller imaging.・Figure 8 is an explanatory view of frontal imaging of the left and right temporomandibular joints, and Figure 9 is a rear view (partially torn away) of the cassette moving mechanism of the imaging unit. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line xx' in FIG. 9 (the motor part is not a cross section, but a side view), and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of curved tomography of the temporomandibular joint tomographic region (left temporomandibular joint). Figure 12 shows the curved fault g of the entire fault area, which is mainly composed of the dentition.
#Is an explanatory diagram of photographing.
Claims (1)
を対向配置し、頭頸部を透過したX線情報を撮影する装
置において、前記頭頸部を位置ぎめ固定する手段を有す
る被検者用椅子を載置し、これを所定平面上でX軸なら
びにY軸方向に自在に移動せしめるとともに、所定の定
点を回転中心として自在に回動する椅子操作手段と、前
記手段を介して異なる複数の撮影部位のそれぞれの透過
像撮影に対応して前記頭頸部を任意の位置に移動し、前
記所定の定点を回転中心として所定の角度回動せしめる
とともに、切換え的に異なる断層域の曲面断層像撮影に
対応するそれぞれの撮影軌道上を回動しつつ移動せしめ
る手段と、前記それぞれの撮影に対応して前記X線源を
対向方向、または対向および上下方向に、かつ前記撮像
部を必要に応じ間欠的または連続的に変位せしめる手段
とを設けたことを特徴とする頭頸部X線撮影装置。 2、撮像部がX線フィルムを収容したカセッテである特
許請求の範囲第1項記載の頭頸部X線撮影装置。 3、撮像部がイメジ管を用いてなる映像記録装置である
特許請求の範囲第1項記載の頭頸部X線撮影装置。 4、撮影部がけい光板および二次元固体撮像装置をいて
なる映像記録装置である特許請求の範囲第1項記載の頭
頸部X線撮影装置。 5、異なる複数のX線透過像が側・正面および斜位の頭
部規格写真像と左右顎関節正・側面透過像とであるか、
またはそのいずれか一方の透過像である特許請求の範囲
第1項ないし第4項いずれかに記載の頭頸部X線撮影装
置。 6、X線源の上下方向の変位手段が、X線放射錐軸を任
意の俯角または迎角に設定しうるものである特許請求の
範囲第1項ないし第5項いずれかに記載の頭頸部X線撮
影装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. An apparatus for photographing X-ray information transmitted through the head and neck, in which an X-ray source and an imaging unit are disposed opposite to each other across the head and neck of a subject sitting on a chair. A chair operation in which a chair for an examinee having means for positioning and fixing is placed, the chair is moved freely in the X-axis and Y-axis directions on a predetermined plane, and the chair is freely rotated about a predetermined fixed point as the rotation center. a means for moving the head and neck to an arbitrary position corresponding to transmission image capturing of each of a plurality of different imaging regions through the means, and rotating the head and neck by a predetermined angle about the predetermined fixed point as a rotation center; means for rotating and moving the X-ray source on respective imaging trajectories corresponding to curved tomographic imaging of different tomographic regions in a switchable manner; 1. A head and neck X-ray imaging apparatus, further comprising means for displacing the imaging section intermittently or continuously as necessary. 2. The head and neck X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the imaging section is a cassette containing an X-ray film. 3. The head and neck X-ray imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the imaging section is an image recording device using an image tube. 4. The head and neck X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the imaging section is an image recording device comprising a phosphor plate and a two-dimensional solid-state imaging device. 5. Whether the different X-ray images are lateral, frontal, and oblique head standard photographs and right and left temporomandibular joint normal and lateral images;
The head and neck X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a transmission image of one of the above. 6. The head and neck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the means for vertically displacing the X-ray source is capable of setting the X-ray emission cone axis to any angle of depression or attack. X-ray photography equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62121500A JPS63286139A (en) | 1987-05-19 | 1987-05-19 | X-ray radiographic equipment for head and cervix |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62121500A JPS63286139A (en) | 1987-05-19 | 1987-05-19 | X-ray radiographic equipment for head and cervix |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS63286139A true JPS63286139A (en) | 1988-11-22 |
Family
ID=14812720
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP62121500A Pending JPS63286139A (en) | 1987-05-19 | 1987-05-19 | X-ray radiographic equipment for head and cervix |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS63286139A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003522581A (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2003-07-29 | インストルメンタリウム・コーポレーション | Method for imaging the head region |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5225718A (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1977-02-25 | Ici Ltd | Hydroxy acids* method of manufacture and its use for pharmaceutical composite with therapeutic character * |
JPS5226878A (en) * | 1975-08-25 | 1977-02-28 | Iwatsu Electric Co Ltd | Sweep circuit |
JPS551053A (en) * | 1978-06-19 | 1980-01-07 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Electrode gripper for arc furnace |
-
1987
- 1987-05-19 JP JP62121500A patent/JPS63286139A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5225718A (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1977-02-25 | Ici Ltd | Hydroxy acids* method of manufacture and its use for pharmaceutical composite with therapeutic character * |
JPS5226878A (en) * | 1975-08-25 | 1977-02-28 | Iwatsu Electric Co Ltd | Sweep circuit |
JPS551053A (en) * | 1978-06-19 | 1980-01-07 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Electrode gripper for arc furnace |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003522581A (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2003-07-29 | インストルメンタリウム・コーポレーション | Method for imaging the head region |
JP4712270B2 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2011-06-29 | パロデクス・グループ・オサケユフティオ | Method for imaging a head region |
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