JPS632838A - Apparatus for producing fiber having metallic coating - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To extend the life of a nozzle for metal coating of stretched fibers, to prevent yarn breakage and nozzle clogging and to improve productivity by forming said nozzle of SiC, Si3N4, etc., having excellent wear resistance and wetting resistance to the metal. CONSTITUTION:The molten glass 12 discharged from spinning nozzles 14 of a pot 10 is taken up on a take-up drum 18 and is given with stretching force to form glass fibers 16. A molten metal holding furnace 20 is installed to the position between the above-mentioned pot 10 and the take-up drum 18. A molten metal 28 obtd. by heating a wire rod 32 of Al, etc., by a heater 28 is housed into said furnace. The molten metal 28 is bulged forward from the nozzle 24 for metal coating mounted to an aperture 22 provided to the side face of said furnace 20, by which the fibers are coated with the metal. At least the part of the nozzle 24 where the nozzle contacts the molten metal 28 is made of the SiC, Si3N4 or the composite material composed thereof or the coating film consisting of said materials is formed on the surface of the above-mentioned part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing fibers having a metal coating, and in particular to a metal coating with improved crucible wear resistance and wetting resistance with metal of a metal coating nozzle. The present invention relates to a fiber manufacturing apparatus having the present invention.

[Prior Art] Metal-coated fibers, especially aluminum (hereinafter referred to as r
Abbreviated as AnJ. ) Coated glass fibers are being used more and more in the field of radio communications because their woven fabrics have radio wave reflective properties.

As a manufacturing device for such metal-coated glass fibers, glass fibers are drawn out from a spinning nozzle installed at the bottom of a molten glass container and wound onto a rotating drum of a winder installed below. There is a known method in which molten metal is bulged out in a tongue shape from a coating nozzle in a molten metal holding furnace, and a running glass fiber is passed through while coming into contact with the tongue-shaped bulged molten metal, thereby coating the glass fibers. (Tokuko Sho 36-258
0, Special Publication No. 59-3417).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventionally, the materials for the coating nozzle of such metal-coated glass fiber production equipment are: ■ Hard to get wet with molten metal ■ Hard to be attacked by molten metal ■ Mechanical processing Graphite (Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-2580, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-3417) or BN molded bodies are used because of their advantages such as: - Low friction with glass fibers - High resistance to thermal shock.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, since graphite oxidizes and loses weight in the atmosphere at temperatures above 400°C, it is impossible to use it at temperatures above 400°C; Since it requires atmosphere control, installation is complicated and workability is poor.

On the other hand, the BN molded body has the advantage of not requiring air pressure control, but has a problem of nozzle wear due to its low abrasion resistance. In other words, when molten metal adheres to the surface of the molten metal bulge of the coating nozzle, it is wiped off with a metal fiber felt. A BN molded nozzle with low properties wears out, loses weight, and deforms. When the surface becomes uneven, it becomes difficult to wipe off, and the metal that remains without being wiped off becomes a metal oxide such as oxidized A1 and sticks to the vicinity of the nozzle hole, and when this comes into contact with the glass fiber, thread breakage occurs. If the wiping operation is carried out frequently, the BN molded nozzle will wear out and become unusable, and its lifespan is usually very short, about one month.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the apparatus for manufacturing fibers having a metal coating of the present invention has a metal coating nozzle that is particularly resistant to abrasion and wetting with metal. A pot that is made of a material with excellent properties and is equipped with a spinning nozzle that flows out the material to be made into fibers, and a winding device that applies a stretching force to the material that flows out from the nozzle and winds it up as fiber. and a molten metal holding furnace that is installed at a position between the pot and the winding device and has a metal coating nozzle attached to its side surface that forms a bulge of molten metal in front of the furnace. The metal coating nozzle is characterized in that at least a portion of the metal coating nozzle that contacts the molten metal is made of SiC, Si3N+, or a composite material of SiC and Si3N4. The gist is a manufacturing device for.

[Effect] Si3N+ or SiC has ■ Erosion degree against Ai molten metal Om g/c rn'
・H (at 700°C), extremely high corrosion resistance against molten metal. Therefore, it is very difficult to get wet by molten metal such as molten An.

■ No loss of weight due to oxidation even in the atmosphere at high temperatures (700°C).

■ Excellent thermal shock resistance.

■Excellent wear resistance.

Therefore, in a metal coating nozzle in which at least the part that comes into contact with molten metal is made of SiC and/or Si2N4, wear of the nozzle due to wiping work is reduced, and problems such as thread breakage caused by wear are reduced. is resolved. Further, its life is greatly extended, and since it is difficult to get wet with molten metal such as molten Aj2, there is no problem due to wetting with molten metal.

[Example] Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of an apparatus for manufacturing fibers having a metal coating according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of FIG. 1 II-I.
It is a sectional view along I line.

10 is a pot for melting glass 12, and a spinning nozzle 14 for flowing out the molten glass is provided at the bottom of the pot. In this embodiment, a plurality of nozzles 14 are provided so as to be arranged on a straight line.

A winding device having a rotating drum 18 for winding up the glass fiber 16 hanging down from the nozzle and a drive device (not shown) for rotating the drum 18 is installed below the pot 10, and this winding device and the pot 10 is a molten metal holding furnace 20 for coating the glass fibers 16.
is installed. This molten metal holding furnace 20 is provided with an opening 22 on its side, and a coating nozzle 24 is attached so as to cover this opening, and the molten metal bulges out from the tip of this coating nozzle 24. The glass fiber 16 is configured to pass through. In the figure, 26 is a heater, 28 is a molten metal, 30 is a spray nozzle for spraying water onto the drum 18 and attaching the glass fiber tip to the drum 18, and 32 is a wire rod that is a raw material for metals such as A1. .

In the present invention, in such an apparatus, at least the portion of the coating nozzle 24 that contacts the molten metal is made of SiC, Si3N+, or a composite material of SiC and Si3N+.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of the structure of the coating nozzle 24, and enlarge the portions III and ■ in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.

As shown in the figure, the coating nozzle 24 includes a plate-like part 24a attached to the side surface of the furnace body 20, a protrusion 24b extending horizontally at approximately the center of the plate-like part 24a, and a horizontal protrusion 24b extending horizontally at the tip of the protrusion 24b. A slit 24 provided to extend in the direction
c. The plate surface of the plate-shaped portion 24a communicates with the slit 24c, and has a molten metal flow portion 24d in which the flow path gradually narrows vertically toward the slit 24c.

In the present invention, the coating nozzle 24 may be entirely composed of SiC and/or Si3N4, and the portion that comes into contact with the molten metal, for example, as shown in FIGS.
SiC and/or Si3N
It may also be made up of.

Such a coating nozzle according to the present invention is made of Si
It can be manufactured by molding raw material powder of C and/or Si3N+ into a nozzle shape, firing or hot press molding. Particularly in the case of Si3N4, it is preferable to employ a reaction sintering method. In addition, it is also possible to adopt a method of forming a coating film of SiC and/or Si2N4 on the required surface of a metal substrate processed into a nozzle shape by CVD, PVD, or the like. In particular, the CVD method has the advantage that it is possible to form an extremely dense and highly characteristic SiC and/or Si3N4 coating film.

Both SiC and Si*N+ have excellent wear resistance and wetting resistance with molten metal, so when a composite material of SiC and 5iaN+ is used as a nozzle material, there is no particular restriction on the mixing ratio.

In the apparatus for manufacturing fibers having a metal coating configured in this manner, the molten glass 12 in the pot 1o flows down from the nozzle 14, is pulled and stretched by the drum 18, and is turned into thin fibers. It is wound up. During this process, the fiber is coated with molten metal to form a metal-coated glass fiber.

By the way, when manufacturing metal-coated fibers using such an apparatus, workability and production efficiency are greatly affected by the distance between the glass fibers 16 arranged in a row, that is, the size of t in FIG. 1.

That is, the distance t between the glass fibers 16 arranged in a row
If is too large, the number of yarns per device will decrease,
Poor productivity. In this case, if a certain amount of ia ia is to be spun, the machine must be operated for a long period of time, and the probability of occurrence of troubles such as yarn breakage increases during this time. However, if yarn breakage occurs, it is necessary to restart the spinning process by forming the metal bulge surface again.
Production efficiency will be significantly reduced. Furthermore, large-capacity molten glass pots, metal holding furnaces, etc. are required, and thermal efficiency is also reduced.

On the other hand, if the distance t between the glass fibers 16 is too small (tJz), the adjacent fibers will stick together, a good metal coating will not be possible, and thread breakage will occur frequently. That is, the molten metal that bulges like a tongue from the nozzle 24 has a film of metal oxide such as oxidized AJ2 in the portion where the fiber 16 has not passed, and the bulged surface is maintained by the surface tension of the An oxide. ing.

Therefore, if the distance t between the fibers 16 is too narrow, the oxidized Aj2 film between the fibers will be peeled off by the running fibers 16, and a large amount of molten A1 will overflow from the nozzle 24, making it impossible to perform a good metal coating. together with fiber 16
A problem occurs in that the molten Au cuts the molten Au.

In order to manufacture metal-coated fibers with good workability and production efficiency by maintaining a suitable spun fiber ζ spacing without causing such problems, in the present invention, the spinning nozzle 14 When the fibers 16 passed through the bulging part of the molten metal, the distance t between the fibers was 2 mm or more.
It is preferable to arrange it so that it is less than mm.

That is, in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spun fibers 16 pass through the bulge of molten metal, that is, the nozzle 24.
The distance t between the fibers when passing through the slit is 20
If it exceeds mm, the number of spun fibers per device is small, the amount of spun fibers per unit length or unit area of the molten glass bot 10 or molten metal bulging surface 20 is small, thermal efficiency is poor, and the number of spun fibers per unit operating time of the device is low. The production rate is also low, which is disadvantageous in terms of production costs.

On the other hand, if the distance t is less than 2 mm, the fibers 16 may stick together, and as mentioned above, the film of oxidized Af or the like on the bulging surface of the molten metal may be peeled off by the fibers 16, resulting in a large amount of molten metal flowing out, thread breakage, etc. Trouble occurs.

Therefore, in the present invention, the spinning nozzle 14 is configured such that when the spun fibers 16 pass through the bulge of molten metal, the distance t between the fibers is 2 mm or more and 20 mm or less, preferably 4 mm or more and 7 mm or less. It is preferable to place the

In addition, in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the glass 1
A plurality of spinning nozzles 14 provided at the bottom of the pot 10 for melting the spinneret 2 are arranged in a straight line, that is, as shown in a plan view in FIG. 5(a).

When the spinning nozzles 14 are arranged in a straight line in this way, the intervals between the fibers 16 to be spun are usually approximately the same from the spinning section to the point where the molten metal passes, so the spinning nozzles 14 are arranged in a straight line. , the nozzle hole spacing, that is, Fig. 5 (
The object of the present invention is achieved by setting 1 in a) to be in the range of approximately 2 mm or more and 20 mm or less.

By the way, since the spinning nozzle 14 has a certain degree of wall thickness, it is limited by the outer diameter of the nozzle, and as shown in FIG.
If the fibers are arranged in a straight line, it may not be possible to obtain the desired narrow fiber spacing. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5(b) or (e), the spinning nozzles 14 may be arranged in a staggered manner ((b)i), in which multiple rows of spinning nozzles 14 are arranged in parallel.
Arranged in rows or more, and the nozzles in each row are arranged so that they are offset in the row direction (i.e., when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the rows, the nozzles in each row are arranged at approximately equal intervals without overlapping) is preferable. The spinning nozzle 14 is shown in FIG.
By arranging the spun fibers as shown in b) and (C) and guiding the spun fibers so that they are aligned in parallel at the metal coating part, it is possible to considerably narrow the fiber spacing.

In addition, in the present invention, the metal coating nozzle 24
Either a slit type or a separate type may be used.

A slit type has the advantage that the fiber spacing can be changed freely.

- On the other hand, from the viewpoint of productivity and quality stability, it is preferable to use a separate type for the following reasons.

- Generally, the amount of metal deposited on the fibers is determined by the shape of the bulging surface of the molten metal from the metal coating nozzle.

That is, the amount of metal attached to the fibers is determined by the length of contact between the fiber and the bulging surface; if the size of the bulging surface is large, more metal will adhere, and if it is small, only a small amount of metal will adhere.

With slit-type nozzles, the size of the molten metal bulging surface is usually adjusted by vibrating the nozzle base material, but when trying to adjust areas where molten metal does not flow well, the vibration propagation Then, the amount of bulging of the molten metal becomes too large in other parts, and it is difficult to obtain a uniform bulging surface of the molten metal with a regular shape. For this reason, the amount of metal adhering to the fibers becomes uneven, making it difficult to obtain products with stable quality.

Additionally, if the height of the nozzle slit is increased to form a large bulging surface in order to increase the amount of metal adhering to the fibers, a good bulging surface cannot be obtained, making it more difficult to stabilize product quality. It becomes difficult. That is, the molten metal forms a bulging surface due to surface tension with the wall surface of the slit of the nozzle, but if the slit height is made too large, the effect of this surface tension is lost and the molten metal tends to overflow.

Incidentally, in the case of a slit type, the slit height is usually limited to 2.0 mm. For this reason, it is extremely difficult to obtain a product with a large amount of metal deposited.

Furthermore, when the fiber spinning speed is increased, the amount of metal deposited decreases if the amount of molten metal bulges is constant. This is thought to be because the contact time between the molten metal and the fibers is shortened, and the amount of cooling heat taken by the fibers from the molten metal is reduced, so that the amount of metal that adheres to the fibers is reduced. Therefore, in order to increase the spinning speed while keeping the amount of metal deposited constant, it is necessary to increase the amount of molten metal that bulges out. Since there is a limit to the amount of spin, the increase in spinning speed is also limited, which limits productivity.

For this reason, in the present invention, FIG.
It is preferable to use a separate type metal coating nozzle as shown in Figure 6, which is an enlarged view of the part.

The metal coating nozzle 24 shown in FIG.
Plate-shaped part 24a1 attached to the side surface of 0. This plate-shaped part 24a
A convex portion 24b extending horizontally at approximately the center of the convex portion 24
A plurality of apertures 30 arranged horizontally at the tip of b, a partition wall 32 forming the apertures 30, a plate surface of the plate-like portion 24a and the apertures 3
0 and the partition wall 32, and has a molten metal flow section (corresponding to 24d in FIG. 4) in which the flow path gradually narrows vertically toward the opening 30 and the partition wall 32.

This opening 30 is provided corresponding to the fiber spun by the spinning nozzle 14, and its size is a value shown in FIG. 7(a), which is an enlarged view of the opening 30. The height a is 0.5 to 3.0 mm, and the width is 2.0 to 4.0 mm. Further, the pitch of the openings is preferably 20 mm or less.

When the height a exceeds 3.0 mm, the amount of bulge becomes too large and it becomes difficult to form a stable bulge surface. Also, a is 0.5m
If it is less than m, the amount of swelling is too small and productivity cannot be increased.

The width is set to 2.0 to 4 Omm in order to accommodate the deflection of the fibers 16 spun from the spinning nozzle 14, that is, to ensure that the fibers 16 come into contact with the bulging surface of the molten metal even if the fibers 16 deflect. In particular, the width is preferably 1.5 times or more the height a of the aperture.

Since the pitch corresponds to spun fibers, if the openings 30 are formed with a pitch exceeding 20 mm, the number of fibers per unit of the device will decrease, which is not preferable in terms of production efficiency. As mentioned above, the pitch L is preferably a suitable spacing t between the spun fibers, that is, 2 to 20 mm, particularly 4 to 7 mm.

Note that the shape of the opening 30 is not particularly limited, and is shown in FIG. 7(a).
In addition to the rectangular shape shown in FIG. 7(b), it may also be a rectangular shape similar to an ellipse as shown in FIG.

Although the above embodiments relate to spinning glass fibers, the present invention can also be applied to cases where fibers other than glass fibers are coated with metal.

Experimental examples and usage examples will be described below.

Experimental Example 1 Regarding the Si3N+ sintered body manufactured by the reaction sintering method,
We investigated its characteristics. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 From Table 1, the Si2N4 sintered body has high density and high hardness,
It is clear that the root zone strength is extremely high and that it has excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, etc.

Usage Example 1 A nozzle shaped as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 was used with a Si3N* sintered body and a conventionally used BN sintered body (density 1, 93 g) using the reaction sintering method of Experimental Example 1. /cm',
Shore hardness: 19) and installed in the equipment shown in Figures 1 and 2, and under the same conditions AI
L-coated glass fiber was manufactured and its nozzle characteristics were investigated. The device used was 10 chips, and the operating period was one month.

As a result, the usage conditions were as follows.

Nozzle made of Si3N+sintered body: No wear due to wiping with metal fiber felt was observed, and no unevenness due to wear was formed on the nozzle surface. In addition, there was no sticking of oxidized AJZ, and no thread breakage occurred during use. Moreover, it was confirmed that there was no weight loss of the nozzle before and after use, and that no weight loss occurred due to oxidation even in the atmosphere at a high temperature of 700°C.

Nozzle made of BN sintered body: After wiping with metal fiber felt, the surface was abraded and unevenness was formed, and 1 was adhered to the black oxide around the nozzle hole. Yarn breakage, which was thought to be caused by this An oxide, occurred several times during use.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, the apparatus for manufacturing fibers having a metal coating according to the present invention has at least the portion of the metal coating nozzle that is melted with the molten metal made of SiC and/or Si3.
It is made of N4, which prevents the formation of irregularities around the nozzle hole due to nozzle wear and the adhesion of metal oxides, and eliminates problems such as thread breakage due to metal oxides. Also, nozzle wear is reduced and nozzle life is significantly extended. Moreover, since it is difficult to wet with molten metal, there are no problems such as thread breakage caused by wetting with molten metal, and there is no oxidation loss in the atmosphere, so it can be used at high temperatures without the need for ambient air control. It is.

Therefore, according to the present invention, equipment costs are reduced, productivity is improved, and product costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the structure itself is the same as the conventional device, it is highly practical, as existing devices can be adapted to the structure of the present invention by simply replacing the coating nozzle.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an apparatus for manufacturing fibers having a metal coating according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of FIG. 1 II-I.
The sectional view taken along line I, FIGS. 3 and 4 are enlarged views of the main parts of FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively. 5(a) to 5(c) are plan views showing an example of the arrangement of spinning nozzles, FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 1 showing another example of a metal coating nozzle, and FIG. 7(a) , (b) is an enlarged view of the opening of the metal coating nozzle shown in FIG. 6. 10... Pot, 14... Spinning nozzle, 1
6... Glass fiber, 18... Winding drum, 20
... Molten metal holding furnace, 24... Nozzle for metal coating. Agent Patent Attorney Tsuyoshi Shigeno Figure 1 Figure 2 ■

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A pot equipped with a spinning nozzle that flows out a material to be made into fibers, a winding device that applies a stretching force to the material flowed out from the nozzle and winds it up as fiber, and a combination of the pot and the winding device. a molten metal holding furnace installed at a position in between, and a molten metal holding furnace having a metal coating nozzle for forming a bulging portion of molten metal in front thereof attached to the side surface of the furnace; At least the part of the nozzle that comes into contact with the molten metal is made of SiC, Si_3N_4
Alternatively, an apparatus for manufacturing a fiber having a metal coating, characterized in that it is made of a composite material of SiC and Si_3N_4. (2) The metal coating nozzle has SiC, Si_3N, and
_4, or a coating film made of a composite material of SiC and Si_3N_4.