JPS632820B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to dump trucks and railways that load and transport all kinds of materials such as earth and sand, rocks, etc., large lumps and solid materials, large machinery, large heavy machinery, passenger cars, livestock, etc. The present invention relates to a cargo handling device for a transport aircraft such as a free freight vehicle and a tanker, and particularly to a cargo handling device for a transport aircraft in which the above-mentioned transport machine is provided with a function of loading powder, granular materials, liquid, or gas.

As is well known, in order to transport powder and carry out cargo handling operations, there is a demand for powder transport devices to have a self-unloading function in order to improve workability. Furthermore, in the case of liquid transportation, perfect sealing performance is required.

Therefore, in the past, since general equipment for transporting lumps such as earth and sand and other solid materials was not equipped with an automatic unloading function due to its configuration, powder transport was equipped with an automatic unloading function. Transport machines exclusively for powder were used exclusively, and general equipment for transporting liquids was not equipped with sealing properties, so machines exclusively for liquids that were completely sealed were used exclusively.

However, in the case of these specialized transport aircraft, the transport items are limited to only powder, granular materials, liquids, or gases, so the operating efficiency of the transport aircraft is extremely low. Also, since the transport aircraft is empty when returning, its operating efficiency is also low. There were many problems such as low performance, and improvement of this problem was strongly desired.

The present invention was devised in view of the current situation, and its purpose is to form the bottom of a cargo handling device for a transport aircraft into two layers with an upper bottom plate and a lower bottom plate,
An expandable body is disposed between the upper and lower plates, so that when the upper plate is at the bottom of the cargo handling chamber, the cargo handling chamber peripheral wall and the upper plate form a cargo handling chamber with the entire upper part open, and the upper plate is When it rises to the top of the cargo handling room, a new cargo handling room is formed by the upper bottom plate, lower bottom plate, and expandable body, and it is used to transport powder particles to dump trucks, railway vehicles, and ships that load and transport lumps and solid materials such as earth and sand. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cargo handling device for a transport aircraft that has a function of loading objects, liquids, or gases, and can significantly improve the operating rate and operational efficiency of the cargo handling device for a transport aircraft.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a dump truck.

In this embodiment, the reference numeral 1 designates a dump truck for loading and transporting lumps and solid materials such as earth and sand, and is equipped with a known drive mechanism, and the reference numeral 2 designates the loading platform of the dump truck 1. This loading platform 2 is
It is formed in a box shape with the entire upper part open, and the upper part 3a of the unloading side wall 3 is pivotally supported by the upper part of both side fixed walls 4, and the lower part 3b is
is configured to open and close as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bottom of the loading platform 2 is formed in two layers by an upper bottom plate 5 and a lower bottom plate 6, and 7 is formed by the upper bottom plate 5 and the lower bottom plate 6. Shows the powder storage room. Further, a rod end portion of a multi-stage lift cylinder 8 whose lower end is fixed to the bottom portion 2a of the platform of the dump truck 1 is fixed to each corner portion on the back side of the upper bottom plate. The upper bottom plate 5 moves up and down in the lump loading chamber 10 of the loading platform 2 following the expansion and contraction movement of the multi-stage lift cylinder 8. . That is, the upper bottom plate 5 has guide rollers 11 rotatably supported on the sides of the upper bottom plate 5, and guide rollers 11 disposed at each corner of the lump loading chamber 10, which are fitted into each other to guide the upper bottom plate 5. At this time, the upper bottom plate 5 moves up and down guided by the rails 12 that are connected to the upper and lower ends of the rails 12.
3, when the multi-stage lift cylinder 8 is raised to the highest position or lowered to the lowest position, the telescopic operation of the multi-stage lift cylinder 8 is stopped and locked at a predetermined position.

Further, in the powder storage chamber 7, a bellows-shaped seal body S is stretched inside the multi-stage lift cylinder 8 to form a closed room-like powder storage section 14.
This particulate material storage section 14 has a maximum powder and particulate material loading capacity when the upper base plate 5 is at the uppermost position. In the powder storage section 14, an upper bottom plate 5 is provided.
is at the lowest position, the upper bottom plate 5 is a lump,
An appropriate number of spacers 15 are provided to support the upper bottom plate 5 in order to sufficiently withstand the loaded weight of other solid materials, etc., and an air chamber 16 is formed in the lower part of the powder storage section 14 to allow air to flow through the spacer 15. The air chamber 1 is configured such that low pressure air is fed into the chamber 16 from a blower 17 driven by the engine of the dump truck 1.
6 and the blower 17 are connected by piping 18. The low-pressure air forced into the air chamber 16 passes through a breathable cloth (not shown) stretched on the ceiling of the air chamber 16, flows into the powder storage section 14, and flows into the powder storage section 14. The powder and grains stored in the container 14 are made to float to facilitate unloading work.

The upper bottom plate 5 also has a powder inlet 19 and a deaeration port 2 so as not to interfere with cargo handling operations such as lumps when the upper bottom plate 5 is at its lowest position.
0 is embedded in the lower surface of the upper base plate 5, and a lid body 21 is removably covered on the powder/granular material inlet 19, and this lid body 21 is also buried in the lower surface of the upper base plate 5.
It is covered so that it does not protrude from the top surface of the Further, the deaeration port 20 introduces outside air into the particulate matter storage section 14 when the upper base plate 5 is raised, so that the upper base board 5 can rise smoothly, and when the upper base plate 5 is lowered, the air inside the particulate matter storage section 14 is The lowering of the upper base plate 5 is carried out smoothly by deaerating the air. Furthermore, the side wall surface of the peripheral edge of the upper bottom plate 5 is connected to the side wall 3 of the loading platform 2,
The upper bottom plate 5 of 4 is formed to be inclined so as to join the slope of the inclined frame 22 which is protruded at a position corresponding to the lowest position. 4 and the peripheral edge of the upper bottom plate 5 to prevent it from falling and accumulating on the inclined frame 22.

Further, since the lumps falling from the gap between the side walls 3, 4 of the loading platform 2 and the peripheral edge of the upper bottom plate 5 are deposited on the outer side of the powder storage section 14, in the above embodiment, the powder storage section A door 23 for discharging the lumps that have fallen to the outside of the container 14 is attached to the lower part of the carry-out side wall 3 so as to be able to open and close, and the above-mentioned powder particles can be removed by lifting and tilting the door 23 using a platform lift cylinder 24 disposed on the platform 2. The lumps in the object storage section 14 are discharged to the outside of the loading platform 2.

In the figure, reference numeral 25 indicates a quantitative feeder for powder and granular material mounted on the rear part of the dump truck 1, and this quantitative feeder 25 has a receiving hopper 26 whose one end faces into the powder storage section 14, A rotary leaf feeder 28 is disposed at the other end of the receiving hopper 26 and rotates at a constant speed by a hydraulic motor 27 driven by the hydraulic pump 9, and measures a predetermined amount of powder and granules at a time. The compressor 29 is configured to send quantitatively measured powder to an arbitrary conveying device or location, and the compressor 29 is operated by the engine.

In addition, the reference numeral 30 in the figure indicates a protective cover that closes the powder and granular material input port 19 and the deaeration port 29 of the upper base plate 5,
The upper surface of this protective cover 30 is formed so as to be substantially flush with the upper surface of the upper base plate 5 when the protective cover 30 is attached to the powder and granular material inlet 19 and the deaeration port 20.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

When loading lumps, solid materials, etc., the upper bottom plate 5 is lowered to the lowest position and its lower surface is supported by the space 15, as shown in FIG. 1, so that it functions as a bottom plate. In this state, the entire upper part of the lump loading chamber 10 is open, so that lumps, etc. can be easily loaded using a loading mechanism, and powder disposed on the upper plate 5 can be easily loaded. Granules inlet 1
9 and the deaeration port 20 are covered with a protective cover 30, so that the lump loading chamber 10 can be used effectively.
When unloading the lumps loaded in the lump loading chamber 10, the platform lift cylinder 24 is operated to tilt the platform 2 as shown in FIG.
This is done by opening the unloading side wall 3. At this time, the lumps that fell from the gap between the side walls 3, 4 of the loading platform 2 and the peripheral edge of the upper bottom plate 5 are removed from the inclined frame 2 of the side walls 3, 4.
2 and fall into the powder storage chamber 7, and are carried out of the loading platform 2 through the door 23.

Furthermore, when loading powder and granular materials, when the hydraulic pump 9 is operated to extend the multistage lift cylinder 8, the upper bottom plate 5 is guided to the rail 12 by the guide roller 11 connected to the peripheral side wall of the upper bottom plate 5. As the seal body S rises to the highest position, the seal body S
is also extended, and the powder/granular material storage section 14 becomes in a state where it can be loaded to its maximum capacity. Then, the upper bottom plate 5 presses the limit switch 13 at the highest position to stop the extension movement of the multi-stage lift cylinder 8, so that powder and granular materials can be stored. From this state, when the protective cover 30, the powder and granular material inlet 19, and the deaeration port 20 are removed and the powder is introduced from the powder and granule material inlet 19, the air inside the powder and granular material storage section 14 is gradually removed from the deaeration port 20. Sent from When unloading the powder or granular material from this state, the quantitative feeder 25 is operated to send the powder or granular material from the receiving hopper 26 to the rotary feeder 28 while quantitatively weighing the powder or granular material. The compressed air from the compressor 29 is used to send the compressed air to another transport mechanism (not shown). At this time, one side of the loading platform 2 is gradually raised by the drive of the loading platform lift cylinder 24, and the powder storage section 14
Low-pressure air is sent into the air chamber 16 from the blower 17, and this low-pressure air floats the particulate matter from the lower bottom plate 6 and moves it to the receiving hopper 26 due to the inclination of the loading platform 2.
It is sent to.

In the above embodiment, a dump truck capable of loading powder and granular materials has been exemplified, but a liquid transport structure can be provided by forming the seal body, the upper base plate, and the lower base plate into a liquid-tight structure.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a railway freight car.

FIG. 7 shows a railway empty freight car with a structure capable of loading powder and granular materials. In this embodiment, the reference numeral 80 in the figure indicates an empty freight car having a known configuration, and cargo handling of this empty freight car 80 is shown. The bottom of the chamber 31 is formed in two layers, an upper base plate 32 and a lower base plate 33. At each corner of this upper bottom plate 32,
A known winch mechanism 34 is disposed on the upper part of the circumferential wall of the empty freight car 80, and the above-mentioned upper bottom plate 32
is raised and lowered by this winch mechanism 34. Further, the lower base plate 33 is formed to be inclined in a funnel shape, and the lower base plate 33 formed in the funnel shape
A discharge port 35 is opened in the center of the discharge port 35, and a discharge hopper 36 is attached to the discharge port 35. By operating an opening/closing device (not shown) attached to the discharge hopper 36, powder can be discharged. The structure is such that it is possible to unload granules. In addition, an air slide device (not shown) is attached to the lower bottom plate 33, and when unloading powder and granules, compressed air from an air source mounted on the vehicle or a blower installed on the ground is used to move the powder and granules. is made to float above the surface of the lower bottom plate 33 so that unloading work can be carried out more effectively.

Further, a bellows-shaped seal body S is stretched between the upper base plate 32 and the lower base plate 33, and the upper base plate 32
A powder storage chamber is formed by the lower bottom plate 33 and the seal body S, and this powder storage chamber is formed by the upper bottom plate 32.
The powder and granular material loading capacity is maximized when the load rises to the upper limit position. An appropriate number of spacers 37 are arranged in this powder storage chamber to support the upper base plate 32 when the upper base plate 32 is at its lowest position so as to be able to withstand the maximum load of solid materials and the like.

Furthermore, the upper base plate 32 is provided with an input port 38 for loading powder and granular materials, and a deaeration port 39.
The slot 38 is installed in a state where it is buried below the top surface of the slot 38, and a lid 40 is removably covered over the slot 38. Further, the deaeration port 39 is in charge of intake and degassing of air in the powder storage chamber, and is designed to smoothly carry out loading and unloading of powder and particulate materials, and to move the upper base plate 32 up and down smoothly.

Therefore, in this embodiment, unlike the previous embodiment, the upper bottom plate 32 is raised and lowered not by a multi-stage mast cylinder but by a winch mechanism. 80, and as a result, when powder and granular materials are loaded in the powder storage chamber, the seal body S is supported by the peripheral wall, which provides excellent strength. This allows the cargo loading capacity to be utilized without waste.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which an empty freight car of a railway freight vehicle is provided with a liquid transport function. The structure, operation, and effect of 37 are completely the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, so the same reference numerals are given and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the lower base plate 41 is formed in a funnel shape and is inclined in a liquid-tight manner, and a liquid drain port 4 is provided in the center of the lower base plate 41.
3 is opened, and a valve 42 is attached to this liquid drain port 43, and by opening and closing the valve 42, the liquid is forced to be sent to another discharge device not shown. Furthermore, in this example,
The seal body S disposed between the upper base plate 32 and the lower base plate 33 is completely liquid-tightly treated.

Therefore, even in this embodiment, even if the seal body S expands when liquid (water, petroleum, heavy oil, etc.) is injected when the upper bottom plate 32 is at the upper limit position, the seal body S will not touch the peripheral wall of the empty freight car 80. Since it is supported, there is no problem in terms of strength, and it can be transported in a liquid-tight state.

9 to 11 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a transport vessel such as a tanker.

In this embodiment, the reference numeral 50 indicates an inter-deck cargo hold provided in the hull 51, and this inter-deck cargo hold 5
The inner bottom plate of No. 0 has a two-layer structure consisting of an upper bottom plate 52 and a lower bottom plate 53, and the upper bottom plate 52 is configured to be movable up and down the cargo hold peripheral wall. The mechanism for lifting and lowering the upper bottom plate 52 includes a multi-stage hydraulic lift cylinder system 54 as shown in FIG.
A winch drive system 55 as shown in FIG. 1 is employed.

Multi-stage hydraulic lift cylinder system 5 shown in Fig. 10
4, a multi-stage hydraulic lift cylinder 56 is arranged at each corner of the inter-deck cargo hold 50, and the tips of the lift cylinders 56 are fixed to each corner of the upper bottom plate 52, and a hydraulic mechanism (not shown) is operated. The upper base plate 52 is moved up and down by the expansion and contraction movement.
In this embodiment, as adopted in the first embodiment, the vertical movement of the upper bottom plate 52 is controlled by the inter-deck cargo hold 50.
It is also possible to provide a rail on the peripheral wall for guiding.

In the winch drive system 55 shown in FIG. 11, a wire rope 58 of an electric or hydraulically driven hoisting winch 57 is disposed at each corner of the upper bottom plate 52, and the wire rope 58 can be hoisted or unwinded. Therefore, the upper base plate 52 moves up and down.

A retractable seal body S is disposed on the upper base plate 52 and the lower base plate 53, and the upper base plate 5
2, the lower base plate 53, and the seal body S form a storage chamber for powder, granules, or liquid, and the loading capacity of the storage chamber is maximized when the upper base plate 52 is at its highest position.

Further, an input port 59 and a deaeration port 60 are installed in the upper base plate 52 in a state buried below the general surface of the upper base plate 52, and a lid body 61 is removably covered with the input port 59. It is worn. On the other hand, deaeration port 6
0 is constructed so that the air in the storage chamber can be sucked and degassed to smoothly load and unload powder, granular materials or liquids, and to move the upper bottom plate 52 up and down smoothly.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, a drain pipe 62 for unloading the stored items in the storage chamber is connected to the lower bottom plate 53, and a conveying pipe (not shown) is connected to the tip of this drain pipe 62, and a conveying pipe (not shown) is connected to the lower bottom plate 53. This device is configured so that the stored items can be introduced into other unloading devices. Incidentally, in each of the above embodiments, the seal body S is formed in a bellows shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a synthetic resin material that is resistant to expansion and contraction or a shutter type can also be applied. be.

As described above, this invention forms the bottom of a cargo handling room of a transport machine such as a dump truck, a railway freight car, or a tanker into a two-layered structure with an upper and lower base plate, and a space between the upper and lower base plates is expandable and retractable. When the upper bottom plate is located at the bottom of the cargo handling compartment, the cargo handling compartment peripheral wall and the upper bottom plate form a cargo handling compartment with the entire upper part open; Since the lower bottom plate 6 and the expandable body are configured to form a new cargo handling room, in the past, for example, lumps such as coal, earth and sand, large blocks, bricks and other solid objects, furniture,
Electrical products, large containers, heavy machinery, passenger cars, livestock,
We use loading machines and unloading equipment to load, unload, and transport all kinds of cargo, including bagged powder products, and when returning, we can transport liquids or gases such as powder and granular materials and heavy oil. As a result, the operating efficiency of the transport aircraft can be significantly improved. Furthermore, since there is no empty cargo state during the return trip, it is possible to improve operational efficiency, and at the same time, it is possible to mix two or more types of substances (liquids, liquids, solids, etc.) in the same transport vehicle, and it is possible to use existing transport equipment. Since it can be applied to dump trucks, railway freight cars, ships, etc. with small-scale modification, it has many beneficial effects such as low manufacturing costs, thereby reducing the cost of transporting materials (liquids, gases, solids). It is possible to achieve a significant reduction in

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 6 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a dump truck, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the state where the bottom plate is raised to the upper limit position, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the state where the loading platform is tilted, FIG.
The figure is an enlarged sectional view of the part shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration in which a liquid freight car is provided with a liquid loading function, and FIGS. 9 to 11 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a tanker. The figure is a schematic configuration diagram,
Figure 10 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the upper bottom plate installed in the inter-deck cargo hold that is moved up and down by a hydraulic lift cylinder, and Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the upper bottom plate installed in the inter-deck cargo hold that is moved up and down by a winch mechanism. It is a cross-sectional explanatory view in which it is moved up and down. 1... Dump truck, 2... Loading platform, 3... Export side wall, 5, 32, 52... Upper bottom plate, 6, 33,
41, 53... Lower bottom plate, 8, 56... Multi-stage lift cylinder, 14, 50... Storage chamber, 16... Air chamber, 25... Fixed amount feeder, 34, 57... Winch mechanism, S... Telescopic body.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The bottom of the cargo handling chamber of the transportation device is formed in two layers with an upper base plate and a lower base plate, and between the upper base plate and the lower base plate,
When the upper bottom plate moves up and down, it expands and contracts up and down along the peripheral wall of the cargo handling chamber, and an expandable body consisting of a seal body that retains the stored items inside is provided. The upper bottom plate forms a cargo handling room with the entire upper part open, and when the upper bottom plate rises and is at the top of the cargo handling room, a new cargo handling room is formed by the upper and lower bottom plates and the expandable body. Features of cargo handling equipment for transport aircraft. 2. The cargo handling device for a transport aircraft according to claim 1, wherein the upper bottom plate is raised by a multi-stage lift cylinder operated by fluid pressure. 3. The cargo handling device for a transport aircraft according to claim 1, wherein the upper bottom plate is raised by a winch mechanism. 4. The lower base plate is configured to allow compressed air to pass through from an air chamber formed at the bottom of the lower base plate, thereby floating the load loaded on the lower base plate. Cargo handling equipment for transport aircraft. 5. Cargo handling for a transport aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that a load unloading device is disposed on the unloading side of the new cargo handling chamber formed by the upper bottom plate, the lower bottom plate, and the expandable body. Device. 6. For use in a transport aircraft according to claim 5, wherein the loaded material unloading device is comprised of a quantitative feeder that measures the loaded material in fixed quantities and carries it out to another carrying-out mechanism. Cargo handling equipment. 7. The bottom of the cargo handling chamber of the transportation device is formed into two layers, consisting of an upper bottom plate and a lower bottom plate, and between the upper bottom plate and the lower bottom plate,
When the upper bottom plate moves up and down, it expands and contracts up and down along the peripheral wall of the cargo handling chamber and retains the stored items inside. The upper bottom plate forms a cargo handling room with the entire upper part open, and when the upper bottom plate rises and is at the top of the cargo handling room, the upper bottom plate, the lower bottom plate, and the expandable body form a new cargo handling room. , A cargo handling device for a transport aircraft, characterized in that it is provided with a load input port communicating with the new cargo handling room and an air venting device.