JPS63279997A - Underwater craft - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a highly safe underwater craft by providing such buoyancy that the upper hatch section floats over the surface of the sea even under maximum ballast, and making ON/OFF control of a propulsion unit based on a signal fed from a depth sensor. CONSTITUTION:An underwater craft is constructed such that a hatch 6 formed at the upper section of a hull 1 floats over the surface of the sea, and a propulsion unit 9 operatable from the inside of cockpit 3 is ON/OFf controlled based on a signal fed from a depth sensor 12 fixed to the hull 1. Consequently, even if the craft encounters an obstacle under the water, it can float over the surface of the sea through buoyancy of the hull 1 with high safety. Since the hatch 6 floats over the surface of the sea at all times when the craft is not diving, crews can ride on/off freely. Furthermore, since a depth sensor 12 is provided to the propulsion unit 9, the craft can not dive deeper than a predetermined level thus further improving the safety.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field to which the invention pertains] The invention of this application relates to a submersible that allows anyone to easily and safely observe the sea and enjoy a walk under the sea.

(Prior Art and Problems) Since most of the conventionally known submersibles were manufactured for military or observation purposes, the hulls of the submersibles have been made extremely difficult to withstand operations in the deep sea. Because it was built solidly, had many equipment, and was expensive to manufacture, it was not suitable as a submersible for casually observing shallow waters or taking underwater walks.

Therefore, in order to overcome this situation and make it easier to enjoy walking under the sea, we developed the
A recreational submersible like the one mentioned in Publication No. 90 has been proposed, but since this recreational submersible performs all sinking and surfacing work using the buoyancy of the ballast tank and the hull's own weight,
A large-capacity ballast tank is required, and more fixed ballast tanks than necessary are required, making the ship too large.

Additionally, safety measures are insufficient in the event that a submarine's propulsion device or ballast pump breaks down. Furthermore, there are many points that need to be improved in practice, such as increased manufacturing costs.

[Means for solving problems]

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a submersible that allows anyone to easily and safely enjoy underwater observation and underwater walks. a hull having buoyancy such that a hatch formed in the hull is above the sea surface; a cockpit formed within the hull and having a transparent window around the hull and communicating with the hatch; attached to the left and right sides of the hull; It has an elevator that can be operated from inside the cockpit and a propulsion device that is located at the rear of the hull and can be operated from inside the cockpit, and the propulsion device is turned on and off by signals from a depth sensor attached to the hull.
A submersible characterized by being controlled.

[For production]

The submersible of the present invention performs submersible navigation in the following manner.

First, a ballast tank 4 is formed inside the hull 1 of a submersible.
The maximum amount of ballast is loaded onto 4, and the hull is submerged until it is half submerged. In this state, as long as the ship is stationary, the buoyancy of the ship itself keeps the hatch above the ship above the sea surface. In this state, operate the propulsion device 9 to navigate the submersible, and operate the elevator 7゜7 installed on the hull side from inside the cockpit, and the submersible will start diving using the force that the elevator receives from the water. do. After diving to a predetermined depth, the elevator 7 and rudder 8 allow the vessel to navigate freely under the sea. When the submersible during navigation dives deeper than a predetermined depth, the propulsion device is stopped by a depth sensor 12 attached to the hull, and the buoyancy of the hull causes the ship to surface to a safe depth. In addition, even if the propulsion system stops due to engine trouble while underway, the ship's buoyancy will automatically raise it to the surface of the sea, allowing the crew to seek help from a hatch above the sea surface.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. Fig. 1 is a side view of a submersible that is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the submersible, and Fig. 3 is a control block of a propulsion device. It is a diagram.

As shown in Fig. 1, the entire hull 1 of the submersible has a streamlined shape to reduce propulsion resistance during underwater navigation.
Inside this hull is a cockpit 3 with transparent windows 2 around it.
A fixed ballast 4, a ballast tank 4.4, and an engine room 5 are arranged. A hatch 6 is provided above the cockpit for the crew to enter and exit, and an elevator 7 that enables underwater navigation is provided on both the left and right sides of the hull, and a rudder 8 and a propulsion device 9 are located at the rear of the hull. and is provided.

The ballast tanks 4 installed on the ship's hull are provided in multiple locations to ensure stable maintenance of the ship's hull, but the total capacity of these ballast tanks is limited to the hatch formed above the cockpit even when the ballast is loaded to the maximum. 6 is constructed so that it appears above the sea surface. Note that water is poured into the ballast tank using a pump (not shown).

The elevators 7, 7 installed on both the left and right sides of the ship's hull function similarly to the main wings of an airplane, and by operating these elevators when the submersible is navigating, it is possible to obtain a submerged state. It has become.

Further, a rudder 8 provided at the rear of the submersible determines the right and left direction of the submersible, and is similar to one conventionally provided on submersibles. The elevator 7 and the rudder 8 are connected to a control handle 10 provided in the cockpit 3.
It is operated via a cable or hydraulic mechanism (not shown).

A propulsion device 9 provided at the rear of the submersible is driven by engines E, G and an electric motor housed in an engine room 5 formed at the rear of the hull. These engines and electric motors are also operated via the control device 11 by operating a control lever in the cockpit. The engine and electric motor control device 11 is provided with a switch 13 that is turned on and off by a depth sensor 12, as shown in FIG. 13 is turned off, the engine and electric motor are stopped, and the submersible floats up to a safe depth due to the buoyancy of the hull, after which the switch is turned on again and the submersible can sail again.

The submersible constructed as described above operates as follows.

When a submersible is sailing on the sea, the ballast tank 4.4 inside the ship is emptied, the submersible's stuttering is maintained at the line a in the figure using only the fixed ballast 4, and the submersible is sailed by the propulsion device. Navigation in this state is no different from navigation by a normal ship.

When a submersible dives, all ballast tanks are loaded with ballast and allowed to sink to the water line shown in Figure 1. In this case, the hatch 6 formed above the hull
Since it is always above the water surface, you can freely enter and exit the cockpit. When the propulsion device 9 is operated in this state, the submarine starts sailing, but when the elevator is operated at this time, a downward diving force is generated by the elevator, thereby causing the hull to start diving. After the Wr water vessel has descended to a predetermined depth, it can freely navigate under the sea while operating the elevator 7 and rudder 8. Even if the propulsion device stops in this state, the submersible can automatically rise above the sea surface due to the buoyancy of the hull. In addition, if the submersible dives below the dangerous depth, the depth sensor 1
2 is activated and the engine and electric motor are stopped, making it impossible for the submersible to dive beyond the dangerous depth.

〔effect〕

As described above, according to the submersible of the present invention, the hull is constructed with a buoyancy that allows the upper part of the hull to protrude above the sea surface even when the ballast is at maximum. Even if a ship encounters water, it is extremely safe because the buoyancy of the ship's hull will keep it afloat above the sea surface. Also, when the ship floats,
Since the hatch is always above sea level, crew members can move in and out freely. Furthermore, since the propulsion device is equipped with a depth sensor, it is impossible to dive to a depth greater than a certain level, making it an extremely safe submersible. It is something to play.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of a submersible as an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a side view of a submersible as an embodiment of the invention;
The figure is a plan view of the submersible, and FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of the propulsion device. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] A hull 1 having such buoyancy that a hatch 6 formed in the upper part of the hull remains above the sea surface even when the ballast is at maximum; a cockpit 3 formed within the hull and having a see-through window 2 around the hull and communicating with the hatch 6; It has elevators 7, 7 that are attached to both the left and right sides of the hull and can be operated from inside the cockpit, and a propulsion device 9 that is placed at the rear of the hull and can be operated from inside the cockpit. A submersible characterized by being turned on and off by a signal from an attached depth sensor 12.