JPS63279736A - Antifouling fishing nets and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled fishing nets having effective antifouling effect and free from toxicity, by applying a specific subcoating material to the surface of fishing net, rope, etc., to form a coating film and spraying copper (alloy) on the coating film at a low temperature to form a thin metallic layer. CONSTITUTION:A subcoating material is produced by adding ceramic particles or metallic particles 4 having particle diameter of 5-200mu, e.g. aluminum oxide to a coating material 5 composed of a water-resistant and seawater-resistant coating material, an adhesive such as vinyl chloride resin adhesive, etc., or their mixture. The content of the particles in the coating material 5 is 25-400vol.%. The obtained coating material is applied to the surface of fishing net or ropes 1 in bundled state and is dried to form a coating film having a surface roughness of 30-250mu. Copper (alloy) is sprayed at a low temperature to the surface of the coated net, rope, etc. and a thin layer 6' containing fine particles of the copper (alloy) is formed to obtain the objective fishing nets.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is designed to prevent various inconveniences from occurring when fishing nets, aquaculture ropes, etc. become dirty due to adhesion of algae and shellfish in the sea.
In view of the fact that many techniques proposed as means for preventing this are unsatisfactory, the present invention aims to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional means and provide an excellent product that satisfies users. To explain this in more detail, conventional methods prevent algae, oysters, barnacles, and other shellfish from adhering to fishing nets and ropes.
As a means of antifouling, nets and ropes are coated with metals such as copper or tin in some way to prevent them from adhering, and metal ions are generated in the seawater to prevent adhesion, or various poisons are mixed in. Paint is applied to nets and ropes and dissolved to make them antifouling, and this method has been somewhat effective.

However, the use of metals and the application of poisonous substances are not sustainable, and the antifouling effect wears off in a short period of time, and algae and shellfish begin to adhere to them, so it is necessary to remove the algae and shellfish by pulling up nets from time to time. This process is very time-consuming, and if the timing of removal is delayed, the circulation of seawater will be poor in the case of fixed nets, creating an emergency situation of oxygen deficiency within the nets, which will lead to large losses, so it is more sustainable. There is a strong desire for antifouling means that have a The present invention has an extremely long-term antifouling effect,
Moreover, it succeeded in producing a large effect with a small amount of metal.

(Prior Technology) There have been nets and ropes that have been coated with various antifouling agents or made of materials in which extremely thin copper wires are mixed into the yarn of the net.

However, the former type of paint has no antifouling effect unless the chemical is dissolved in seawater, so the paint itself needs to be soluble, making it difficult to last for more than six months. The latter method uses thin metal wires, and the metal wires are easy to cut.
There is a risk of injury to hands, etc., and the nets and ropes become heavy, making them inconvenient to handle. Apart from these, there is also a method of applying paint mixed with metal powder such as copper or tin, but most of the metal powder is buried in the paint and very little contributes to the generation of metal ions, so in practice effect cannot be obtained.

There are also attempts to make nets using synthetic fibers mixed with fine metal particles, but in this case too, most of the particles are buried in the fibers.
It does not have the effect of generating ions, it is heavy, the spinning technique is difficult, and it is expensive.

(Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention) As mentioned above, there have been several types of antifouling nets and ropes, but the antifouling effect does not last long, so the nets and other ropes have to be pulled out of the sea several times a year. , it is necessary to remove resistant algae and shellfish. In addition, in the case of a product in which metal powder is embedded or kneaded, there are very few parts of the metal powder that emit metal ions, so it becomes unnecessarily heavy and has no practical effect. Those using thin metal wires also have problems in that they are less effective and expensive. On the other hand, the problem is that there is still no one that is easy to manufacture, has long-lasting effects, is inexpensive, lightweight, and convenient to handle.

Another serious problem has recently come into focus. This is because some of the various metals and chemicals used for the antifouling effect of the neck and neck are extremely toxic.
This is a situation that cannot be overlooked in terms of health and hygiene. For example, there are reports of a sudden increase in malformations in fish caused by tin compounds and toxic drugs such as tributyltin oxide, and there is a need to use safer substances.

(Means for solving the problem) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention was born after various studies and trial and error. Ceramic or metal particles (4) with a particle size of 5 to 200 μm are added to the surface of (1) in an appropriate paint, adhesive, or mixture thereof (coating material) (5). , 25 to 400% by volume is applied and dried to give a surface roughness Rz) 30
A thin layer (6゛) of fine particles of copper or copper alloy was formed on the surface of nets, ropes, etc. by forming a film (2) of ~250 μm and then low-temperature thermal spraying of copper or copper alloy on this film. Obtain a net (A) or rope.

When spraying metal onto nets, ropes, etc., in the case of nets, adjacent legs (3) and nodes (7) converging in the vertical (or horizontal) direction and forming the net should be brought together. On top, apply a primer, spray, and metal spray. In the case of ropes, it is effective to line up several ropes without any gaps.

The above-mentioned primer material is made into a liquid like an ordinary paint, and is applied to the net or rope with a brush or spray. The undercoating material itself may be of any type as long as it is resistant to freshwater or seawater and has an appropriate adhesive strength to nets, etc., and any type of material such as oil-based or solvent-based may be used. This property is determined by the resin and solvent that make up the primer material, so the selection is important.

When the above-mentioned undercoat material is applied to a rope or rope, a film is formed that covers the entire rope, so there is no need to think too strictly about it.

The method of metal spraying is preferably so-called low-temperature spraying; high-temperature spraying may weaken the net or rope or cause it to burn.

In low-temperature spraying, the temperature at which the sprayed metal particles adhere to the object is as low as 25°C, so the net,
Does not have any negative effect on ropes.

As the coating material, various water-resistant paints, adhesives, or mixtures thereof can be freely selected and used.

For example, synthetic resin paints and adhesives can be based on vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, epoxy resin, phenol resin, or xylene resin, or a mixture of two or more of these. A coloring agent or the like may be mixed.

As the metal particles mixed in the undercoating material, copper or copper alloy particles are suitable, and as the ceramic material,
Non-metallic ore powder such as quartz and metal oxides, nitrides, and carbides can be widely used. Specifically, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, iron oxide, silicon carbide, etc. are used. In addition,
Depending on the solvent composition of the coating material, synthetic resin powder can also be used. For example, acrylic, styrene, epoxy, polyethylene resin, etc. Particle size is 5-200p
m, preferably 20 to 120 ttm. When the primer material forms a film, the surface roughness (Rz) is 50
~150 μm is preferred.

If the net is large or depending on the purpose of use, instead of spraying the entire net with metal, it is also possible to form metal spraying areas partially. For example, metal sprayed areas may be provided at appropriate intervals in the form of windows on a wide net, or nets with and without metal sprayed layers may be arranged alternately in red and white late autumn. In the case of a rope, it is also possible to provide portions without a thin metal layer here and there.

The thickness of the film (2) formed by applying the undercoat material can be freely selected depending on the application, but in reality, the thickness of the film (2) formed by applying the undercoat material is
300g/n+2 is sufficient.

(Function) As shown in Figure 1, the net, rope, etc. of the present invention has a thin layer (6') of fine metal particles formed by thermally spraying copper or a copper alloy on its surface.
It is characterized by having the following. Normally, it is impossible to spray metal onto nets or ropes made of natural or synthetic fibers, but the present invention has made this possible, and the reason for this is explained in Figures 2 and 3. Then, the threads that make up the net (1)
Ceramic particles (4) are applied to the surface of the coating material (5) described above.
), a film (2) is formed when the coating material dries.

When this film is enlarged, it is formed by randomly laminating metal powder or ceramic particles (4) adhered to the coating material (5), often in a pyramid shape, and depending on the mixing ratio of the coating material and particles, Although the form is slightly different, since it is adhesively formed on the circumferential surface of the legs (3) and knots (7) of the net in the state shown in Figure 3, if copper or copper alloy is sprayed on this film, it will be thermally sprayed. The copper fine particles (6) thus formed are physically strongly bonded to the metal or ceramic particles (4).

In addition, metal or ceramic particles (4) themselves are coating materials (5).
As a result, the sprayed metal particles (6) are firmly fixed on the net and form a thin metal layer (6').

Now, as is well known, the thermally sprayed copper particles (6) have a very complicated shape and are usually said to be dendritic, but their surface area is extremely large. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 4, the surface (6a) of the thin metal layer (6゛) is in such a shape that the entire surface is in contact with the outside world without being blocked by anything else. When placed in the sea, a large amount of copper ions are generated, which has a tremendous antifouling effect.

Experiments have shown that by increasing the thickness of copper or copper alloy, nets can be placed underwater for one to two years without being resistant to algae or shellfish.

(Example) (i) 100 g of epoxy resin, 8 h of xylene, and 60 g of methyl ethyl ketone were applied to the entire surface of a fishing net made of synthetic fibers.
An undercoat obtained by adding 221 g of silicon carbide (fine particles 70 cm2) with an average particle size of 50 μm to 275 g of an epoxy-polyamide resin coating material obtained by adding and dissolving 25 g of butanol and then adding 10 g of polyamide resin and stirring thoroughly. A film (2) with a surface roughness Rz) of 60 μm was formed, and after drying, copper was sprayed at a low temperature on the surface of the film to form a thin metal layer (6°) (40 to 50 μm thick). I got a fishing net.

(ii) Next, to describe another example, acrylic polyol resin 17 was applied to the entire surface of a fishing net made of natural fibers.
203 g of a solvent-type urethane-acrylic resin coating material obtained by adding 33 g of isocyanate resin to 0 g of 0 g, and 119 g of aluminum oxide with an average particle size of 20 μm were thoroughly stirred. A resin composition obtained by diluting the resin composition with thinner was used. Apply,
By drying and forming a 40 μm coating (2) with a rough surface (Rz), - by low-temperature spraying a copper alloy on it,
A fishing net with a thin sprayed layer of copper alloy on its surface was obtained.

(iii) A net of a predetermined length was obtained by alternately joining the net obtained in Example (i) and the ordinary net to a constant width.

(iv) By applying the processing of Example (i) or (ii) only to a predetermined area of the net, a fishing net having a window-like metal thin layer at a predetermined position of the net was obtained.

(v) A suitable number of ropes were arranged and processed as in Example (i) or (ii) to obtain a rope having a thin metal sprayed layer on the surface.

(Effects of the Invention) The net and rope of the present invention have the above-mentioned structure, and when submerged in the sea, a large amount of copper ions are generated, which has a non-toxic and effective antifouling effect and lasts for 1 to 2 years. It is very convenient because it does not have to be resistant to algae or shellfish for a long period of time, so there is no need for cleaning or other trouble. When used in fixed nets, the growth of cultured fish is smooth, and problems such as lack of oxygen in the nets are completely eliminated, making it an effective method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory view showing a part of the fishing net of the present invention, Figure 2 is a partially cutaway view of the threads that make up the net, Figure 3 is an enlarged view showing the state of the coating, and Figure 4 is a thermally sprayed An enlarged explanatory diagram showing a thin metal layer and a film. Explanation of symbols (^)・・・Network of the present invention, (1)・・・Network (
rope) thread, (2)... film, (3)...
... Legs, (4) ... Ceramic particles, (5
)...Coating material, (6)...Metal particles, (
6')...Metal thin layer, (7)...Nodules, (6a)...Surface. Applicant Masumi Hamamura (1 other person)

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) 25 to 400 ceramic particles or metal particles with a particle size of 5 to 200 μm are added to the surface of fishing nets, ropes, etc., in a coating material made of water-resistant, seawater-resistant paint, adhesive, or a mixture of both. A thin metal layer (6') is formed on the surface by applying a primer material containing % by volume and then low-temperature spraying copper or copper alloy on the film (2) formed after drying. Anti-fouling fishing nets. (2) Some areas of the fishing net have a thin metal layer (6'
2. The antifouling fishing net according to claim 1, wherein the fishing net has a section (8) having a section (8), and a required number of sections are provided on the surface of the fishing net. (3) 25 to 25 to 25 to 25 to 250 ceramic particles with a particle size of 5 to 200 μm are coated on the surface of the fishing net, etc., in a coating material made of water-resistant, seawater-resistant paint or adhesive, or a mixture of the two.
A thin metal layer (6' ) A method for producing antifouling fishing nets. (4) A method for manufacturing anti-fouling fishing nets according to claim 3, wherein a necessary number of anti-fouling areas with a thin metal layer (6') formed on the surface of the fishing net are formed in the form of windows in some areas of the fishing nets. . (5) Antifouling fishing nets according to claim 3, in which fishing nets are formed by alternately connecting fishing nets having a thin metal layer (6') on their surfaces and those having no thin metal layer. Production method.