JPS63278712A - Gear machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automate a set, by providing a phase angle control device to control either a tool shaft or a work shaft, a torque control device, a one side surface contact device, an initializing device, and a device to perform switching to a position control loop by means of a pulse distributor. CONSTITUTION:When a tool 1 is engaged with a work gear 2, a control loop is formed in a way that the one issues a command from a first servo motor position control circuit 7 to a first speed control circuit 5. It is formed in a way that the other inputs a number of revolutions signal from a speed command circuit 14 to a second speed control circuit 6. By means of a command from a torque control device 17, a second servo motor 4 is run, and the one side tooth surface of the work gear 2 is pressed against the tool 1. A command is offset by an initializing device 13 so that a phase difference is reduced to zero, switches 15 and 16 are changed over, and a command is inputted from a pulse distributor 9 for machining. this constitution enables automatic setting of an initial position.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is a finishing machine for gear shaving or grinding, in which the rotational speed and phase angle of a gear-shaped tool and a workpiece gear are controlled, and the・Related to gear processing machines that process gears by meshing them together.

(Prior art) In a machining method in which the contact between the gear and the tool is on one tooth surface, in order to improve the accuracy and pitch accuracy of the gear surface, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-54935, The ability of the machine to improve the phase between the workpiece gear and the tool is small, by controlling the contact pressure between the two to be constant, or by using a pair of guide gears as described in JP-A-59-156613. However, the latter method has the disadvantage that it is difficult to maintain accuracy due to wear of the guide and gear pair, and that it is impossible to machine gears with broken shafts. Therefore, the tool and workpiece gear are each N.

There was also a third method that attempted to solve the above problem by driving the motor and performing phase synchronization.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, there are the following problems in processing by controlling the phase using this third method.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the meshing of ordinary gears. When the distance between the centers of the gears increases to a distance where their respective pitch circles overlap at one point, the teeth contact at two points. Gear carving tool applied to the processing machine according to the present invention (1)
Since this is a workpiece gear and the tooth thickness changes further as the tool wears, there is a problem that the initial phase of meshing must be controlled by shifting it as shown in FIG. 5. On the other hand, in actual machining, one tooth surface on the opposite side must also be enameled, so the phase must be shifted by the same amount in the completely opposite direction during machining. of·)
Furthermore, a mechanism is required to control the rotation angles of the tool (1) and the tool (1) and to bring the tooth surfaces of the two into contact with each other with a constant pressure.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gear processing machine that performs gear processing by meshing a gear-shaped tool and a workpiece gear while controlling the rotational speed and phase angle, and in which the workpiece gear is mounted so that the rotation angle cannot be kept constant. The initial position of the workpiece gear held by a chuck etc. and the tool can be automatically set without adding a reference pin or mechanical dividing device.
To provide a gear machine capable of processing predetermined gears.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the present invention has solved the above problems by providing a gear processing machine as set forth in the claims.

(Embodiment) The present invention is based on the above-mentioned concept of phase control, and is intended to automatically set the initial phase angle when starting rotation control so that finished dimensions are achieved with high accuracy. can be,
A specific example thereof will be described below.

FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational structural view illustrating the mechanism of a gear processing machine based on the present invention. A gear-shaped tool +11 directly connected to the servo motor (31, (4)) and a workpiece gear (2)
) are engaged with the swivel base Q1J at a certain intersecting angle, and the distance between their axes is determined by the servo motor 4 via a ball screw between the swivel base υ and the single cutter holding base (21').
)' is realized by moving it to n. Figure 3 (a) (b+ (c)) (a) shows the entire state of engagement between the tool (11) and the workpiece gear (2) processed by the gear processing machine of the present invention; The figure is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control system that enables such processing.

A tool axis (1°) that grips a gear-shaped tool (1) is rotated by a first servo motor (3), and its rotation is controlled by a first speed control circuit that controls the first servo motor (3) by a pulse encoder αυ. part (5) and the first servo motor position control circuit (7), the return process, and the tool (1
) is rotated by a second servo motor (4), and its rotation is controlled by a second pulse encoder (6).
A second speed control circuit section (6) that controls the servo motor (4)
) and the second servo motor position control circuit (8).
A pulse distributor (9) that controls the feedback so that the phase angle between the tool (1) and the workpiece gear (2) is always kept constant.
The phase angle control device is formed in cooperation with the phase angle control device. The second speed control circuit (6) is connected to a torque control device αη via a switch αQ.
It is possible to input a torque control signal from. Furthermore, the second speed control circuit section (6) is provided with a speed command signal of the speed command circuit 0 selectively bypassed with respect to the input signal of the second servo motor position control circuit (8) via another switch 05. The first servo motor (3) does not rotate during this input, so press one tooth surface of the tool (1) against one tooth surface of the workpiece gear (2). ing. In the α3 initialization device, the speed command circuit 0 and the switch α which form the single tooth surface contact device are operated, and the speed command signal is input to the second speed control circuit (6) and the torque control device a. A torque control signal of 'h is also input to the circuit section (6), n, one tooth flank of the tool (1) and workpiece gear (2) is constant and input to the pulse distributor (9) as a position command 0 and at this time The pulse distributor (9) directly inputs the rotation speed inversely proportional to the number of teeth of the tool (1) and workpiece gear (2) to the first and second servo motor position control circuits (7) and (8). Then, the switch 05Q13, which is a switching device, is set in the position control loop so that the meshing phase of the tool (11) and the workpiece gear (2) is constant from time to time.

In operation, first, the teeth of the tool (11) and the workpiece gear (2) are meshed with a slight distance between their axes (see Fig. 3).
a) ), move one slide to bring the axis (1゛) (a) closer to the extent that the pitch circles overlap (Figure 3 (b))
. Here, in FIG. 1, one side of the control loop runs from the first servo motor position control circuit (7) to the first speed control circuit (5).
The second servo motor position control circuit (8) is controlled by switch α.
) is separated, and the rotational speed signal commanded from the speed command circuit α4 is directly input to the second speed control circuit (6) to form a speed control loop. At this time, the second speed control circuit (6
)'s Denki P 几る. Of course, at this time there is no output from the pulse distributor (9) which is the position command distribution control section, and therefore the first servo motor (3) is in the servo lock state. The second servo motor (4) rotates to feed the tool (1) and workpiece gear (2).
One tooth surface of the is pressed to a constant torque, and it balances and stops. Here, the rotation angle of the second servo motor (4) is determined by the encoder (6).
) Since the generated pulse train is input to the second position control circuit (8) and counted, the current rotation angle between the tool axis (lo) and the workpiece gear axis is always read. Therefore, the command is offset by the initializer υ so that the phase difference between the tool axis (11) and the workpiece gear axis in this state becomes zero.
After that, the switch α and αG are switched to connect the second speed control circuit section (6) and the second servo motor position control circuit (8) to create a position control loop, and to control the pre-programmed tool and workpiece. Position and speed commands corresponding to the number of teeth are given from the pulse distributor (9) to rotate (FIG. 3(C)).

In this state, the meshing phase between the tool (1) and the workpiece gear (2) is always constant, and the slide drive motor () is moved so that the distance between the axes becomes closer, and the cutting feed is performed to cut the gear of a predetermined size. can be obtained (Figure 3 (
d)). FIG. 4 shows a machining cycle diagram of a gear machining machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the initial positions of the gears of the tool and the workpiece gear, which are held by a chuck or the like in which the rotation angle cannot be kept constant, are automatically set when mounting the workpiece gear. Because you can
Predetermined gears can be machined without adding reference pins or mechanical dividing devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control system of an embodiment gear processing machine based on the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control system of a gear processing machine based on the present invention.
Schematic elevational structural diagram of the example gear processing machine, Fig. 3(a) (
b) (c) (d) and Fig. 5 are explanatory diagrams showing the meshing state of the tool and workpiece gear processed by the same gear processing machine, and Fig. 4 shows a machining cycle diagram of the same gear processing machine. , FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram similar to FIG. 5 of normal gear machining. (1)...Tool (11)...Tool axis (
2)... Workpiece gear (3) (4)... Servo motor (5) (6)... Speed control circuit section (7) (8)... Servo motor position control circuit (9)
... Pulse distributor (phase angle control device) αJ ... Initialization device α4 ... Speed command circuit (single-sided contact device) (to) 0Q.
...Switch (switching device) αη...Torque limiting device...Workpiece gear shaft agent Patent attorney Jun Kawachi Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] A gear processing machine that grinds or shaves straight gears or helical gears using a gear-shaped tool, where the tool contacts the workpiece gear only on one tooth surface, meshes with it, and rotates. The tool shaft that grips the gear-shaped tool and the workpiece gear shaft that grips the workpiece gear are driven by first and second servo motors, respectively, and the tool is rotated so that the phase angle thereof is always kept constant. a phase angle control device that controls either one of the axis or the workpiece axis; a torque control device that controls either one of the two; a single-sided contact device that presses one tooth surface of a tool with a constant pressure; and a one-sided contact device that presses one tooth surface of the tool with a constant pressure, and the tool shaft and the workpiece shaft at that time when the workpiece gear and one tooth surface of the tool are in contact with each other with a constant pressure. The rotation angle of the initial phase ``
an initialization device that inputs the rotation angle as a position command to the phase angle control device as “zero”; and when the rotation angle is inputted by the initialization device as an initial phase “zero”, the rotation angle is inversely proportional to the number of teeth of the workpiece gear and the tool. A gear processing machine comprising: a switching device for switching to a position control loop using a pulse distributor so that the gear rotates at a rotational speed and the meshing phase is constant from moment to moment.