JPS63268580A - Manufacture of part with inside space - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a product with interior space without using an intervention member and the structure such as a core, etc., by performing the hot pressurizing with the pressurizing force with respect to members to be joined which are constituent materials of the product in the range under the specific yield strength of the members to be joined. CONSTITUTION:A couple of materials 11a and 11b to be joined with symmetrical shapes forming respective grooves 10a and 10b with shapes corresponding to the joining surfaces are incorporated into one and both the grooves 10a and 10b are made to coincide with each other to form the inside space temporarily. Both of these incorporated materials 11a and 11b are charged in a capsule 13 provided with a pipe 12 for vacuum deareation and the capsule 13 is sealed up with the welding sealing, etc., and the vacuum deareation is performed with the pipe 12 which is sealed up and the capsule 13 is put in a hot isotropic pressure device to perform the hot isotropic pressurizing under the high temperature and high pressure. In this case, the pressurizing is performed with the pressurizing force in the range of the yield strength <=0.2% of the materials 11a and 11b to be joined under the processing temperature at the time of performing the same pressurizing. By this method, the inside space is not deformed and crushed at all and the perfect joining and incorporation of both the materials 11a and 11b are obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a method for applying heat to the inside by diffusion bonding using hot isostatic pressing means such as HIP (hot isostatic pressing) means or hot press means. This invention relates to improvements in means for manufacturing metal parts with shaped spaces.

(Prior art) Many of the various metal parts that need to be used in high-temperature environments are equipped with their own cooling structures. There are two methods: the so-called jacket method, in which grooves are machined to allow cooling fluid such as water or gas to pass through, and the outer periphery of the grooves is covered to prevent the cooling fluid from leaking; and the conduit method, in which a conduit through which the cooling fluid can pass is directly attached to the component. However, the former jacket method has the disadvantage of requiring a large amount of labor in machining, and the conduit method has the disadvantage of cooling from the outside surface of the part, which reduces cooling effectiveness and efficiency. There is a disadvantage if there is dissatisfaction with the results. Recently, there has been an increase in the need for parts that are used especially at higher temperatures, and along with this, there has also been a need for more efficient cooling structures. As can be seen, a manufacturing method for producing metal parts such as composite turbine blades with complex cooling holes (spaces) using HIP (hot isostatic pressing) has been proposed, and is introduced here. Needless to say, HIP (hot isostatic pressing) means is a known technique as one of the hot pressing means for compressing various metal powders to obtain a molded article or a molded article in a desired shape. A conventional technique for manufacturing metal parts having an internal space using HIP (hot isostatic pressing) is modeled and exemplified as shown in FIG. 13. That is, in the figure, the arrows indicate the order of progress of the process, but as shown in the figure, a pair of symmetrically shaped materials A and B with grooves a and b formed on their joint surfaces are fabricated by machining. Image material A,
A pair of grooves a that combine B and harmonize.

A core C made of, for example, ceramics, an easily machinable metal, or metal powder is loaded into the container b, and placed in an open state in a capsule E which is separately prepared and equipped with a pipe D for vacuum degassing. The capsule E was then sealed with a welding seal, etc., the core C1 drawing materials A and B were enclosed in the capsule E, vacuum treatment was carried out by suction and degassing through the pipe D, and then the pipe D was sealed. Known HI with equipment
P (Hot isostatic pressing) Place it in a hot pressurizing device,
In the part F obtained by peeling off the capsule E taken out from the apparatus, the core C is removed, for example, by elution and removal by alkali treatment in the case of ceramics, or by acid elution, machining, etc. in the case of metals. Then grooves a and b
A part F in which a hole G is formed is obtained by combining the parts, and a metal part having a desired internal space is obtained by performing some machining on the outer shape of the part. As is already clear from the above-mentioned technical content, the means for manufacturing metal parts having an internal space by such HIP (hot isostatic pressing) means is to produce metal parts of various shapes by diffusion bonding using hot pressing means. The process shown in FIG.
TIC-PRESSING J, MCICREPO
RT 11 (1977) P, p. 43), but as shown schematically in the same figure, the three materials to be joined 1.2.3 constituting the metal parts were subjected to HIP (hot isostatic heating). In order to integrate the materials by diffusion bonding using means (pressure), a container 7 equipped with a pipe 5 for vacuum degassing and a lid 6 is prepared, and each material 1.2.3 is heated as shown in the figure. When joining and integrating the shape, considering the shape of the final product, multiple separately manufactured cores 4 are placed in areas that are likely to be deformed by the HIP (hot isostatic pressing) process that will be performed later, as shown in the figure. The assembly of each of the materials 1 to 3 and the four groups of cores is charged into the container 7, covered with M6 and sealed with a welding seal or the like to bring the assembly into an enclosed state. Under this condition, the inside of the container 7 is vacuum degassed through the pipe 5, and with the pipe 5 sealed, the container is placed in a HIP (hot isostatic pressing) device 8 for hot pressurization. By peeling and removing the container 7 taken out and removing the core 4 by acid elution, a component 9 in which the materials 1 to 3 are integrally joined in an H shape is obtained.

In all of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, cores C to 4 are used in order to obtain an internal space or to prevent pressure deformation, and it is necessary to remove the cores during the pressure molding process.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The prior art described above has the following problems. In other words, in the prior art, the use of cores involves performing HIP (hot isostatic pressing) treatment on the material under high temperature and pressure within a range that does not impair the physical properties of the material to be treated. This is because productivity (joining materials reliably and quickly) is prioritized, and on the other hand, if a core is not used at high temperatures and high pressures,
This is thought to be because it is generally thought that the internal space that should be created in the treated material is deformed or crushed. However, if a core is used, the core must be removed in the next step. In addition, using a core means that the intended internal space has a shape that makes it easy to install the core.
There is also a problem in that it is specific to the structure. Furthermore, it is not realistic to have an internal space with a simple shape and structure as exemplified in the conventional technique, and it is desirable to be able to apply the conventional technique to an internal space with a complex shape and structure. Regardless, the presence of the core is a major problem.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to ensure the quality of the joints compared to the prior art without using a core, and to reduce productivity. HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing)
This treatment has expanded its usefulness by being applicable to metal parts with internal spaces with complex shapes and structures, and the inventor applied HIP (hot isostatic pressing) treatment without using a core. As a result of intensive research to find processing conditions that do not deform or crush the internal space even when the material is
Focusing on the fact that the proof stress value can be applied as a guideline for the occurrence of deformation of the internal space during the above-mentioned HIP (hot isostatic pressing), This method succeeded in specifying the pressure conditions, and specifically, when manufacturing metal parts with internal spaces by diffusion bonding using hot pressing means, it was possible to specify the By performing hot pressurization in a range where the pressurizing force on the joining members is within the range of 0.2% proof stress of the members to be joined under the processing temperature during the pressurizing construction, intervention members such as cores, The object is to obtain a product with internal space without using any structure.

(Function) According to the above-mentioned technical means of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
A pair of symmetrically shaped materials 11a forming 10b,
llb are combined, and both grooves 10a and 10b are matched to form an internal space as a plate, and this combined picture material 11a,
Ilb is placed in a capsule 13 equipped with a pipe 12 for vacuum degassing, and the capsule 13 is sealed with a welding seal or the like. After vacuum degassing inside the pipe 12, the pipe 12 is After sealing, the same capsule 1
3 using a known HIP (hot isostatic pressing) device (not shown)
In performing hot isostatic pressurization at high temperature and high pressure, in the present invention, the pressurizing force is set to 0.2 of the welding materials 11a and llb at the processing temperature during the pressurization.
% proof stress or less, both grooves 10a,
The internal space created by combining the image materials 11a and 10b can be completely bonded and integrated without any risk of deformation or crushing.Therefore, after the HIP (hot isostatic pressing) process is completed, the image materials 11a and llb can be removed from the apparatus. By simply peeling off and removing only the capsule 13, it is possible to easily obtain a metal part 15 having an internal space 14 having a repeatedly bent shape and structure as shown in the figure.

The specification of the bonding conditions under which the picture materials 11a and llb described above are completely bonded without causing any deformation of the internal space 14 was obtained through the following research.

In other words, when two materials to be joined are joined by HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing) processing, Fig. 2 is a graph showing the characteristics of HIP pressure and joint strength under HIP temperature, and X
The line indicated by is the saturation value (maximum value) of the bonding strength, and ■ to ■ indicate the HIP temperature, and A<B<C<
It was found that the horizontal axis is the HIP pressure and the vertical axis is the bonding strength, and that the processing time does not have much effect on this. From this characteristic graph, HIP
The position of the bonding strength saturation value X is obtained from the pressure and the HIP pressure, and the left side of the X line shown in the drawing is the insufficient bonding region EI, and the right side of the drawing is the sufficient bonding region E2. Furthermore, if we consider the high temperature strength of the materials to be joined,
As shown in Figure 4, the horizontal axis shows temperature and the vertical axis shows 0.2
As shown in the % proof stress value, a line Y of 0.2% proof stress is obtained. Therefore, as shown in Figure 5 from this figure, the position of the 0 and 2% yield strength line Y between the HIP temperature and HIP pressure is obtained, and the left side of the Y line in the figure is not deformed by the HIP treatment. The area F- is the area F-, and the right side in the figure is an area F2 that is deformed by the HIP process. Therefore, if the above-mentioned figures 3 and 5 are combined,
Figure 6 is obtained.

In other words, in the region Z where the X%Y lines cross each other, the material to be joined is not deformed, sufficient joining strength is obtained, and the material is integrated. In the figure, the horizontal axis is The HIP temperature is the vertical axis, and the HIP pressure is the vertical axis. The specific pressure bonding conditions according to the present invention obtained as described above are
Examples of experiments performed on specific specific metal materials are shown below.

Example I Metal used Ni-based super-superalloy content (weight ratio) 12.8Cr-18,1Co-3,4
4Mo, -5,51Al1 4.48Ti -0,7
1V - Remaining N1 (a) Joint strength As shown in Figures 7 and 8, Figure 7 corresponds to Figure 2 explained earlier, Figure 8 corresponds to Figure 3, and Figure 7 In the figure, the horizontal axis shows HIP pressure (kg/aa), the vertical axis shows bonding strength (kg/d), and in Fig. 8, the horizontal axis shows HIP temperature (℃), and the vertical axis shows HIP pressure (kg/cd).
), all of which are shown below the specific values, and Section 2.3.
The same reference numerals as in the figure indicate the same content.

(blNilNi total superalloy strength as shown in Figure 9, which corresponds to Figure 4 shown earlier, where the horizontal axis is temperature (°C) and the vertical axis is stress (kg).
/ j ), and in each case the Y line is shown below the specific value. For convenience, Figure 9 shows Figure 8 overlaid, and therefore the X line and Y line in the same figure are The intersecting region Z is the region where perfect bonding can be obtained without deformation of the materials mentioned above, and as a specific numerical example, the processing temperature is 950°C and the pressing force is 1000 kg/-,
It is possible to obtain a material whose internal space is reliably formed without deformation of the materials to be joined, with sufficient joining strength.

Example■ Metal used: 5S41 (mild steel) Ingredients Omitted as they are common.

Here, as Figure 10, like Figure 9 mentioned earlier,
The high temperature strength (Y line of 0.2% proof stress value) of 5S41 (soft l1l) and the X line of the welding strength saturation value of the same mild steel are superimposed as in Fig. 7.8. Temperature (1) and stress (kg/-) are shown on the horizontal and vertical axes with specific numerical values. The area 2 where pressure molding is possible is as shown in the figure, and to give an example of specific numerical values, the pressing force is 50 at a processing temperature of 700°C.
0 kg/-.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is no deformation of the materials to be joined.
A metal part having an internal space whose internal space is reliably formed and integrated with sufficient bonding strength can be obtained without using a core at all.

EXAMPLE One suitable embodiment according to the invention is illustrated with respect to FIG. 11.12.

As shown in FIG. 11, two members 17 to be joined made of 5S41 mild steel and having substantially U-shaped grooves 16 formed in a concave shape on their joining surfaces are fabricated by machining.
．． 17 with their bonded surfaces aligned so that their good conductors 16.16 match, and then sealed in a capsule made of mild steel as shown in Fig. 13, and while heating it to 300°C, the inside of the capsule was heated to 10°C. After degassing for 1 hour under a vacuum of 'Torr, the degassing vibrator in the same capsule was sealed and placed in a known HIP device, and the hot treatment temperature was 700.
℃, pressure 500 kg/d, HI for 1 hour
P (hot isostatic pressing) treatment was performed. After HIP treatment, the capsule taken out from the device is removed by machining, and the first
As shown in FIG. 3, a metal part 19 was obtained which had grooves 16 and 16 integrated therein and a substantially U-shaped internal space 18 extending inside. At this time, the joint surfaces of the members 17 and 17 were completely joined and a strong integration was obtained, and the cross-sectional shape of the internal space 18 was also 10 x 10 squares, with no deformation at all, and a perfect square cross section was formed. Ta. Note that the appended numerical values shown in FIG. 11 indicate each size. In the examples, as the hot pressing means, it is also possible to use a hot press etc. in addition to the IIP (hot isostatic pressing) means, but the HIP method which pressurizes with gas pressure etc. is better. Suitable for obtaining parts with complex shapes and structures.Products obtained by the present invention include, for example, blades of gas turbines, cooling cylinders in injection molding machines, metal parts with various cooling jackets, etc. It is applicable to a wide variety of products.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention is extremely advantageous as one of the improvements in the method of obtaining metal parts having internal spaces of various shapes and structures by diffusion bonding using hot pressing means. In other words, the pressure molding does not require any intervention of a core or equivalent structure, which greatly improves productivity. Moreover, with this, it is possible to freely form interior spaces with extremely complicated unevenness, bends, and curved surfaces, and even narrow spaces. The space 20 can also be realized without any problems and without fear of deformation or blockage. If such a space were to be obtained by machining, it would be necessary to repeat the process of cutting a straight through hole 21 and closing one end of it by machining, as shown in Figure 16. Therefore, it is almost impossible to obtain a curved surface, and when this is used as a passage means for cooling medium, etc., the superiority and inferiority of the two is obvious.

Moreover, it is difficult to form small diameter holes by machining.

In addition, in conventional methods using the same <HIP equipment, the holes must be filled with ceramics, metals, or powders thereof to prevent deformation, and this must be removed again after pressure treatment. It is disadvantageous in terms of process and technical content, and it is also difficult to obtain an internal space with a complicated shape and structure.
Focusing on the fact that the % proof stress value is a guideline for the occurrence of deformation, we succeeded in identifying the hot pressurization conditions that do not cause internal deformation, and as a result, we have been able to create various metal parts with internal spaces that were previously impossible to achieve. Moreover, it can be realized even with complicated shapes and structures, and its market value is large. It also facilitates complex machining of the external shape of the parts themselves, and can exhibit great advantages.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the process order of an embodiment of the method of the present invention, Fig. 2.3 is a graph showing the relationship between bonding strength and pressurizing force for determining bonding conditions, and Fig. 4.5 is a graph showing the relationship between bonding strength and pressurizing force for determining bonding conditions. Characteristic graphs showing the high temperature strength of the material, Fig. 6 is a graph showing the predetermined temperature and the optimum pressure range under the same temperature according to the present invention, and Fig. 7.8.9 is a graph showing the strength of Ni-based super-superalloy materials. Characteristic graphs showing the optimum pressurizing force range under a predetermined temperature of the invention, Fig. 10 are characteristic graphs showing the optimum pressurizing force range under a predetermined temperature for 5S41 mild steel, Fig. 11.1
Figure 2 is a perspective view of materials and products according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the process order of a conventional technique for manufacturing a component having an internal space by HIP (hot isostatic pressing) means, and FIG. Figures 15 and 16 are comparative perspective views of internal space forming techniques according to the present invention and the prior art. 10a, 10b...-groove, lla, 1lb-material to be joined (member), 12... deaeration pipe, 13... capsule, 14... internal space, 15... metal part (product) . Patent applicant Kobe Steel, Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 +-t+p Vise Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5
)-If B4 Drunkenness Figure 9 Figure 2O

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) When manufacturing a metal part having an internal space by diffusion bonding using a hot pressurizing means, the pressurizing force against the welded member that is the constituent material of the part is lower than the processing temperature at the time of the pressurizing. The method is characterized in that a product having an internal space is obtained without using an intervening member or structure such as a core by hot pressing the member to be joined within a range of 0.2% proof stress or less. A method for manufacturing a part having an internal space.