JPS6326832B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat pump device using metal hydrides.

It is known that certain metals and alloys exothermically absorb hydrogen to form metal hydrides, and that these metal hydrides reversibly and endothermically release hydrogen. Various heat pump devices have been proposed that utilize the characteristics of metal hydrides.

Conventionally, in principle, such heat pump devices fill metal hydrides into two closed containers that also serve as heat exchangers, cause one metal hydride to endothermically release hydrogen, and transfer this hydrogen to the other metal hydride. The structure is such that cold or thermal output is obtained by exothermically occluding the metal hydride, and the above process is performed alternately on the metal hydride.

That is, FIG. 1 shows a type 1 cycle for obtaining cold output or thermal output in a conventional heat pump device, in which a first metal hydride M ₁ H is heated at a high temperature T _H
The second metal hydride M ₂ H, which has a high equilibrium decomposition pressure P at the same temperature in the operating temperature range, is heated at an intermediate temperature T _M (<T _H ) to release hydrogen (point A). Equilibrium decomposition pressure at temperature T _H
It is made smaller than M ₁ H to create a pressure difference between it and M ₁ H, and the hydrogen released by M ₁ H is exothermically occluded in M ₂ H using this pressure difference (point B). next
While keeping M ₁ H at temperature T _M , M ₂ H is kept at low temperature T _L (<
T _M ), and the equilibrium decomposition pressure of M ₂ H at temperature T _L is set to
_{T _ _ _}
is exothermically occluded (point C). Temperature M ₁ H again
One cycle is completed by heating M ₂ H to T _H and keeping M 2 H at temperature T _M. In this cycle, by applying driving energy from a driving heat source to point A, connecting points B and C to a heat exchanger using air or water as a heating medium, and connecting point D to a cooling medium such as chilled water. , a cold output can be obtained from this cooling medium.

On the other hand, by connecting point A to a driving heat source and connecting point D to a heating medium such as water, thermal output can be obtained from the heating medium at points B and C.

FIG. 2 shows a conventional type 2 cycle, in which thermal output is obtained from point C by connecting points A and D to a driving heat source. The thermal output at point B is typically dissipated out of the system.

Therefore, in order to perform the above-described cycle using heat exchanger pairs filled with M ₁ H and M ₂ H and obtain continuous output, it is necessary to combine two or more of the above heat exchanger pairs, It is necessary to make each cycle run in a different phase from each other, and as a result,
Since a part of the reaction heat of the metal hydride is always consumed in heating and cooling the heat exchanger itself during the above cycle, the coefficient of performance inevitably becomes small, and
There is a problem that the device configuration becomes complicated and large.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and includes:
By eliminating the heating and cooling cycle of the heat exchanger itself, which reduces the coefficient of performance of the device, the device configuration can be significantly simplified, and a stable and essentially continuous output can be obtained with a high coefficient of performance. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a metal hydride heat pump device that can obtain cold or thermal output through the first type cycle, and a heat pump device that acquires thermal or cold output through the second type cycle. The purpose is to provide a heat pump device for

According to the present invention, a heat pump device for obtaining cold heat or heat output through a type 1 cycle includes: (a) a high pressure chamber, a low pressure chamber, and one or more medium pressure chambers defined by partition walls in a closed container; and (b) a first metal hydride between the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber and between each medium pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber and a first metal hydride in the operating temperature region.
(c) a pair of tapes each carrying a second metal hydride having a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than the metal hydride, and continuously running in a rotating belt; (c) a tape pair carrying a first metal hydride in a high-pressure chamber; (d) a first high-temperature heating medium thermally connected to the tape in a heat exchange manner;
(e) a second metal hydride-supporting tape thermally connected to the tape supporting the first metal hydride in the medium pressure chamber so as to be capable of heat exchange;
(f) a thermal circuit that thermally connects the first intermediate temperature heating medium and the second intermediate temperature heating medium; (g) a tape supporting a second metal hydride in the intermediate pressure chamber; a third thermally connected for heat exchange with
(h) a low-temperature heating medium thermally connected to the tape supporting the second metal hydride in the low-pressure chamber for heat exchange; (i) the first metal hydride in the low-pressure chamber; A fourth member is thermally connected to the tape carrying the material in a heat exchangeable manner.
The first metal hydride is heated by the high-temperature heating medium in a high-pressure chamber to release hydrogen, and this hydrogen is exothermically occluded in the second metal hydride to generate hydrogen therein. The reaction heat is transferred to the first metal hydride in the medium pressure chamber through the thermal circuit, hydrogen is released from the first metal hydride in the medium pressure chamber, and this hydrogen is exothermically transferred to the second metal hydride. At the same time, hydrogen is endothermically released from the second metal hydride between each pair of tapes in a low pressure chamber, and this hydrogen is exothermically stored in the first metal hydride,
The present invention is characterized in that a cold output is obtained from the low-temperature heating medium, or a thermal output is obtained from the third intermediate-temperature heating medium and/or the fourth intermediate-temperature heating medium.

According to the present invention, a heat pump device for obtaining heat or cold output through a type 2 cycle includes: (a) a high pressure chamber, a low pressure chamber, and one or more medium pressure chambers defined by partition walls in a closed container; and (b) a first metal hydride between the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber and between each medium pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber and a first metal hydride in the operating temperature region.
(c) a pair of tapes each supporting a second metal hydride having a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than the metal hydride and continuously running in a rotating belt; (c) supporting a first metal hydride in an intermediate pressure chamber; The first tape is thermally connected to the tape for heat exchange.
(d) a second metal hydride-supporting tape thermally connected to the tape supporting the second metal hydride in the medium pressure chamber;
(e) a third metal hydride-supporting tape thermally connected to the first metal hydride-supported tape in a low-pressure chamber for heat exchange;
(f) a thermal circuit that thermally connects the second intermediate temperature heating medium and the third intermediate temperature heating medium; (g) each tape supporting a second metal hydride in a high pressure chamber; (h) a fourth intermediate temperature heating medium thermally connected in a heat exchange manner to each of the tapes carrying the first metal hydride in the high pressure chamber; heating the first metal hydride with a first intermediate temperature heating medium in an intermediate pressure chamber to release hydrogen;
This hydrogen is exothermically occluded in the second metal hydride, and the reaction heat generated therein is transmitted to the first metal hydride in the low pressure chamber through the above-mentioned thermal circuit, and from the first metal hydride in the low pressure chamber. release hydrogen,
This hydrogen is occluded in the second metal hydride, hydrogen is released from the second metal hydride between each pair of tapes in a high pressure chamber, and this hydrogen is exothermically occluded in the first metal hydride. Accordingly, the thermal output is obtained from the high-temperature heating medium, or the cooling output is obtained from the first intermediate-temperature heating medium and/or the fourth intermediate-temperature heating medium.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to drawings showing examples.

FIG. 3 shows a dual effect heat pump device.
The pressure-resistant sealed container 1 is divided into a high pressure chamber 4, a low pressure chamber 5, and an intermediate pressure chamber 6 by partition walls 2 and 3 in this order.
A rotating belt-shaped first tape carrying a first metal hydride M ₁ H is disposed between a high-temperature roll 11 at a temperature of T ₁ placed in a high-pressure chamber and a medium-temperature roll 13 of a temperature T _3l placed in a low-pressure chamber. 7 is wound around the partition wall 2, and while maintaining airtightness between the two chambers by an appropriate sealing means provided on the partition wall 2, it penetrates the partition wall and is driven to run continuously in a fixed direction. Each roll is thermally connected to a suitable heat medium for heat exchange (not shown) in order to maintain a predetermined temperature. The first tape 7 is brought into contact with a heat exchange roll 20 in a low pressure chamber, and the first tape 7 heated in a high pressure chamber enters the low pressure chamber and is precooled by this heat exchange roll 20, then transferred to a medium temperature roll. 1
Reach 3. The first cooled by the medium temperature roll 13
The tape 7 enters the high pressure chamber and is brought into contact with the heat exchange roll 19. The heat exchange roll 19 is thermally connected to the heat exchange roll 20 by, for example, a heat pipe, and preheats the first tape 7.

A medium-temperature roll 12 with a temperature of T _2k is separately arranged in the high-pressure chamber, and a low-temperature roll 14 with a temperature of T ₄ arranged in the low-pressure chamber.
A second tape 9 carrying a second metal hydride M ₂ H is wound between the tape 9 and the tape 9 in the same manner as described above, and is continuously driven to run in a fixed direction. The second tape 9 is preheated or precooled by thermally connected heat exchange rolls 21 and 22.

In the above, as shown in FIG. 4, M ₂ H has a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure (P) than M ₁ H at the same temperature in the operating temperature range (T, absolute temperature), but M ₁ at temperature T ₁ H has a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than M ₂ H at temperature T _2k , and M 2 H at temperature T ₄ has a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than M ₂ H at temperature T _3l
has a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than M ₁ H, and T ₁
Each temperature is selected so that ＞T _2k ＞T _3l ＞T ₄ .
In this way, the first and second tape pairs carrying M ₁ H and M ₂ H, respectively, run between the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber, and move from A→B→E→F. →
Perform cycle A.

Similarly, in the low pressure chamber there is another medium temperature roll 1 with a temperature of T _3l .
A third tape 8 carrying M ₁ H is placed between it and a medium temperature roll 17 at a temperature T _2l placed in a medium pressure chamber.
It is driven when traveling. The medium temperature roll 17 is connected to the medium temperature roll 12 and a heat circuit 27 such as a heat pipe.
As will be described later, the heat generated when the second tape 9 absorbs hydrogen in the high pressure chamber is transmitted to the medium temperature roll 17 in the medium pressure chamber. In addition, a low temperature roll 16 with a temperature of T ₄ placed in the low pressure chamber and a medium temperature roll 18 with a temperature of T _3k placed in the medium pressure chamber
A fourth tape 10 carrying M ₂ H is running between the two, and these tapes are preheated by heat exchange rolls 23 and 25 and precooled by heat exchange rolls 24 and 26, respectively. As described above, the heat exchange rolls for precooling and preheating each tape are thermally connected. Here, as shown in Figure 4, the temperature of each heat exchange roll is T _2l.
It is chosen such that M ₁ H has a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than M ₂ H at temperature T _3k and T _2l > (T _3k , T _3l ) > T ₄ . Since the temperatures T _2k and T _2l are connected by the thermal circuit 27, T _2k T _2l . In this way,
The third and fourth tape pairs carrying M ₁ H and M ₂ H, respectively, undergo a cycle of C→D→E→F→C as described below.

The operation of the above-mentioned device will first be described with reference to the type 1 cycle diagram shown in FIG. 4 in the case where cold output is obtained. Since the temperature shown in FIG. 4 is as explained above, M ₁ H of the first tape 7 is heated to temperature T ₁ by the heat exchange roll 11 which is a driving heat source in the high pressure chamber and releases hydrogen ( Point A), this hydrogen is occluded in the M ₂ H of the second tape 9 kept at a temperature T _2k in a high-pressure chamber (point B). The amount of heat generated during this storage is supplied by the thermal circuit 27 to M ₁ H of the third tape 8 in the intermediate pressure chamber. This is represented in FIG. 4 as heat transfer from point B to point C. The first tape 7 of the high-pressure chamber, after the above-mentioned release of hydrogen, enters the low-pressure chamber and is cooled to a temperature T _3l , while
The second tape 9 in the hyperbaric chamber absorbs hydrogen as described above, and then
It enters the low-pressure chamber and releases hydrogen endothermically at temperature T ₄ due to the pressure difference with the equilibrium decomposition pressure of M ₁ H of the first tape ₇ (point E); H
(point F). Due to the endothermic reaction of M ₂ H at point E, the heat exchange roll 14 obtains a cold output at temperature T ₄ . Furthermore, at point F
The heat of reaction resulting in M ₁ H is dissipated out of the system by the heat exchange roll 13.

In this way, M ₁ H of the first tape 7 reciprocates between points A and F in FIG.
M ₂ H moves back and forth between point B and point E, and absorbs and releases hydrogen from each other. That is, this tape pair is A→
Perform the cycle B→E→F→A.

Next, as described above, the heat exchange roll 17 in the medium pressure chamber receives heat from the heat circuit 27 and heats M ₁ H of the third tape 8 to a temperature T _2l to release hydrogen (point C). This hydrogen is stored in a medium pressure chamber at a temperature of
It is occluded in M ₂ H of the fourth tape of T _3k (point D),
The reaction heat at this time is dissipated out of the system by the heat exchange roll 18. After absorbing hydrogen as described above, the fourth tape 10 enters the low pressure chamber and endothermically releases hydrogen due to the pressure difference between the equilibrium decomposition pressure of M ₁ H of the third tape 8 maintained at a temperature T _3l . (Point F), and this hydrogen is occluded in M ₁ H of the third tape 8 (Point F). That is, at point E, the heat exchange roll 16 obtains a cold output at a temperature _T4 .

In this way, the third tape 8 moves back and forth between points C and F in FIG. 2, and the fourth tape 10 moves back and forth between points C and F in FIG.
and point E, and absorb and release hydrogen from each other. That is, this tape pair is C→D→E→F→C
cycle.

According to the first type cycle diagram shown in FIG.
To obtain a seed thermal output, M ₁ H of the first tape 7 is heated to temperature T 1 in a high pressure chamber by a heat source at temperature T ₁ (point A ₎ , and M ₁ H and
_The reaction heat associated with hydrogen absorption of M ₂ H is obtained as thermal output, and M ₁ H and
Supply the required amount of heat to M ₂ H to release hydrogen.

As described above, in the heat pump device of the present invention, M ₁ H of the first tape 7 and M 1 H of the second tape 7 are
Using M ₂ H, A → B → by a driving heat source with temperature T ₁
A cycle of E→F→A is performed, and the amount of heat generated at point B in the above cycle is supplied to point C as a driving heat source, and M ₁ H of the third tape 8 and M ₂ H of the fourth tape 10 are Since the cycle of C→D→E→F→C is performed, the amount of energy required for operation is reduced and the coefficient of performance of the device is improved.

In the heat pump device as described above, if sensible heat loss accompanying heating and cooling of the tape supporting the metal hydride itself is ignored, the coefficient of performance is calculated as follows.

Let the reaction heats associated with absorption and release of 1 mole of hydrogen of M ₁ H and M ₂ H be ΔH ₁ and ΔH ₂ , respectively, and 1 mole of hydrogen was absorbed and released between the first tape and the second tape. Consider the case. A→B→E→
In the F→A cycle, the heat input is ΔH ₁ at point A and ΔH ₂ at point E, and the heat output is ΔH ₂ at point B and ΔH ₁ at point F, but the heat generated at point B is supplied to point C without loss. Therefore, in the cycle C→D→E→F→C, the hydrogen released by M ₁ H at point C is ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ mole, so the output at point D is (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ )ΔH ² = ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ , point F
At point E _, ^the input is (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ ) _{ΔH 2 =} ΔH _{2 2} / _{ΔH 1 .}

Therefore, the coefficient of performance when obtaining cooling output
Since COP _1c2 is given by (cooling output obtained at point E/input at point A), COP _1c2 = ΔH ₂ + (ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ )/ΔH ₁ = ΔH ₂ (ΔH ₁ +ΔH ₂ )/ΔH ₁ ² ...(1), and the coefficient of performance when obtaining thermal output
COP _1h2 is (thermal output obtained at points D and F/point A
COP _1h2 = ΔH ₁ + ΔH ₂ + (ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ )/ΔH ₁ = 1+COP _1c2 (2).

In the present invention, the low pressure chamber 5 can be divided by the partition wall 30 into two chambers having different pressures. Therefore, the heat exchange rolls 13 and 15 and the heat exchange rolls 14 and 16 can be set to different temperatures. Therefore, the temperature of the heat exchange roll 13 is set to _T6 as shown in FIG.
is set at a temperature _T7 , the first tape 7 and the second tape 9 are made to perform the cycle of A→B→I→J→A, and the third tape 8 and the fourth tape 10 are made to perform the cycle of C
By performing the cycle →D→E→F→C, output can be obtained at different temperatures. That is, for cold output, at temperatures T ₄ and T ₇ ,
In addition, in the case of thermal output, output can be obtained at temperatures T _3l and T ₆ , respectively.

In addition, regardless of the presence or absence of the partition wall 30, the temperature T _3k
and T _3l may be the same or different.

Figure 5 shows a triple effect heat pump device,
FIG. 6 is the first type cycle diagram. In this device, a closed container 1 has partition walls 2, 3 and 29.
It is divided into a high pressure chamber 4, two medium pressure chambers 6a and 6b, and a low pressure chamber 5. However, as is clear from comparing FIG. 5 with FIG. 3, the device in FIG. 5 is the same as the device in FIG.
The high pressure chamber 4 in FIG. 3 is replaced by an intermediate pressure chamber 6a, and the intermediate pressure chamber 6 in FIG. 3 is replaced by an intermediate pressure chamber 6b. Generally, high-pressure chambers, intermediate-pressure chambers, and low-pressure chambers are distinguished only by the level of working hydrogen pressure of the metal hydride in the compartment, so the compartment with the highest working hydrogen pressure is the high-pressure room, and the compartment with the lowest working hydrogen is the high-pressure room. The device of the present invention generally consists of a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber. between each medium pressure chamber and each low pressure chamber.
A pair of tapes carrying M ₁ H and M ₂ H is continuously run like a rotating belt, hydrogen is transferred between the tape pairs in each compartment, and hydrogen is transferred between the tape pairs in the high pressure chamber.
M ₂ H and M 1 H of the first medium pressure chamber are thermally connected, _{M 2 H} of the first medium pressure chamber and M ₁ H of the second medium pressure chamber are thermally connected, and in this way, As a heat source for the hydrogen absorption of M ₁ H in the medium pressure chamber, the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption of M ₂ H in the high pressure or intermediate pressure chamber is used. Hydrogen transfer occurs from M ₂ H to M ₁ H between the pair.

Therefore, in the triple effect type device shown in FIG. 5, the fifth tape 44 carrying M ₁ H is placed between the heat exchange roll 40 disposed in the high pressure chamber and the heat exchange roll 43 disposed in the low pressure chamber. A sixth tape 45 is run and carries M ₂ H between the heat exchange roll 41 disposed in the high pressure chamber and the heat exchange roll 42 disposed in the low pressure chamber.
is run, and furthermore, a heat exchange roll 11 for M ₁ H in the first intermediate pressure chamber 6a is connected to a roll 41 that exchanges heat with M ₂ H in the high pressure chamber by an appropriate heat circuit 28 such as a heat pipe. . Heat exchange roll 1
The tape configuration between the first and second medium pressure chambers and the low pressure chamber, including the heat circuit 27 connecting the heat exchange roll 17 and the heat exchange roll 17, is the same as described above. Note that rolls for precooling and preheating each tape are not shown.

FIG. 6 is a type 1 cycle diagram showing the operation of the triple effect type device. Alphabets marked on each heat exchange roll in FIG. 5 correspond to each point on the cycle diagram _{in FIG} .
Drive energy is input to and at temperature T ₁
Let M ₁ H release hydrogen (point G) and transfer this hydrogen to the sixth
The M ₂ H of the tape 45 is exothermically occluded at a temperature T _2k (point H). This heat is applied by the thermal circuit 28 to M ₁ H of the first tape 7 in the first medium pressure chamber 6a, causing hydrogen to be released from M ₁ H (point A). After the above hydrogen release, M ₁ H of the fifth tape 44 enters the low pressure chamber and is maintained at a temperature T _4l , and the M 1 H of the fifth tape 44
After absorbing hydrogen as described above, M ₂ H of 5 enters a low pressure chamber and is connected to a heating medium at a temperature of T ₅ , and due to the pressure difference between the equilibrium decomposition pressures, M ₂ H releases hydrogen endothermically (point E).
M ₁ H absorbs this hydrogen exothermically (point F). The hydrogen movement of each pair of tapes running between the first and second medium pressure chambers and low pressure chambers is completely equivalent, as is clear from a comparison of FIG. 6 with FIG. 4. Therefore, in this device, the fifth and sixth tape pairs are G→H→
A cycle of E→F→G is performed, the first and second tape pair performs a cycle of A→B→E→F→A, and the third and fourth tapes perform a cycle of C→D→E→F.
→ Perform the cycle A, and in this way you can obtain cold output from point E, or point D and point F.
More thermal output can be obtained.

The coefficient of performance when obtaining cooling output with this triple effect type device is determined as follows.

As mentioned above, if the amount of hydrogen transferred from point G to point H is 1 mole, a heat amount of ΔH ₂ is generated at point H, and this is given to point A, so the amount of hydrogen transferred from point A to point B is ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ mole. Therefore, at point B, (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ )ΔH ₂ =ΔH ₂ ² /
Assuming that an amount of heat of ΔH ₁ is generated and this amount of heat is supplied to point C by the thermal circuit 27 without loss, the amount of hydrogen transferred from point C to point D is (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ )ΔH ₂ /
ΔH ₁ mol = ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ ² mol. Due to this hydrogen movement, at point D, (ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ ² )ΔH ₂ =
A heat amount of ΔH ₂ ³ /ΔH ₁ ² is generated.

Next, G→H→E→ by the fifth and sixth tapes
In the F→G cycle, by inputting ΔH ₁ to point G, a cold output of ΔH ₂ is obtained at point E. A→B→E by the first and second tapes
In the →F→A cycle, the amount of hydrogen transferred between points E and F is ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ mole as described above, so the cold output at point E is (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ ).
ΔH ₂ =ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ . In addition, in the cycle C→D→E→F→C by the third and fourth tapes, the amount of hydrogen transferred between points E and F is ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ ² moles as described above, so the point At E, a cooling output of (ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ ² )ΔH ₂ =ΔH ₂ ³ /ΔH ₁ ² is obtained.

Therefore, this coefficient of performance COP _1c3 is COP _1c3 = ΔH ₂ +ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ +ΔH ₂ ³ /ΔH ₁ ² /ΔH ₁ =ΔH ₂ (1+ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ +ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ ² )/ΔH ₁ ...(3) Also, the coefficient of performance COP _1h3 when obtaining thermal output
Inputs ΔH ₁ at point G and obtains thermal output at points D and F, so similarly COP _1h3 = ΔH ₁ +ΔH ₂ +ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ +ΔH ₂ ³ /ΔH ₁ ² /ΔH ₁ = 1+COP _1c3 ...(4).

Although not shown, the low pressure chamber is divided by a partition wall,
As mentioned above, by placing each pair of tapes in a cycle at different temperatures, it is possible to obtain cold or thermal output at different temperatures.

Next, the case where heating or cooling output is obtained by the second type cycle using the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 will be explained with reference to the second type cycle diagram shown in FIG. 7. As is clear from comparing Fig. 7 with Fig. 4, the input of driving energy to point A, hydrogen transfer from point A to point B, heat transfer from point B to point C, and from point C to point D
The hydrogen transfer to is equivalent in both cycles,
In the cycle diagram of Fig. 7, from point E to point F
Unlike the case shown in FIG. 4, the hydrogen transfer is performed on the high temperature and high pressure side, and this hydrogen transfer is used to obtain thermal output from point F. Therefore, in order to carry out the cycle shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the heat exchange rolls are set at different temperatures from those in the first type cycle, and have temperatures at points E and F, high pressure chamber 5', and heat exchange rolls at temperatures at points A and B. the medium pressure chamber 4', and
Heat exchange rolls having temperatures at points C and D may be placed in the low pressure chamber 6'.

The coefficient of performance of this device is determined as follows. The first and second tape pairs perform A→B→E→
In the F→A cycle, considering the amount of hydrogen transfer of 1 mole between the tapes, the input is ΔH ₁ at point A, ΔH ₂ at point E, and the output is ΔH ₁ at point A. Furthermore, in the cycle C→D→E→F→C carried out by the third and fourth tape pairs, if a heat amount of ΔH ₂ is given to point C by the thermal circuit 27, then the third and fourth tape pairs Since the amount of hydrogen transferred between the tapes is (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ ) moles, the input is (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ )ΔH ₂ at point E.
=ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ and the output at point F is (ΔH ₂ /ΔH ₁ )ΔH ₁ =ΔH ₂ .

Therefore, the coefficient of performance when obtaining thermal output is COP _2h2 = ΔH ₁ + ΔH ₂ / ΔH ₁ + ΔH ₂ + ΔH ₂ ² / ΔH ₁ = ΔH ₁ (ΔH ₁ + ΔH ₂ ) / ΔH ₁ ² + ΔH ₁ ΔH ₂ +
ΔH ₂ ² ...(5).

Similarly, the coefficient of performance when obtaining cold output is COP _2c2 =ΔH ₁ +ΔH ₂ +ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ /ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₁ =ΔH ₁ ² ΔH ₁ ΔH ₂ +ΔH ₂ ² /ΔH ₂ ² ...(6).

In the case of this type 2 cycle as well, two or more medium pressure chambers are provided, and the medium pressure chambers with higher pressure are sequentially installed.
It is clear that by providing the heat generated when M ₂ H absorbs hydrogen as a heat source for M ₁ H to release hydrogen in a lower-pressure medium-pressure chamber, it is possible to construct a device with more than triple effect. Probably.

As described above, according to the heat pump device of the present invention, a cycle is performed by running a pair of tapes supporting metal hydrides having different equilibrium decomposition pressure characteristics at a constant speed between compartments having different operating pressures. There is no heat loss consumed in heating and cooling the metal hydride-filled heat exchanger itself as in conventional devices, and a stable, essentially continuous output can be obtained. Furthermore, the heat generated when the metal hydride absorbs hydrogen in the input tape pair is used as driving energy for another tape pair, and if necessary, the heat generated in this tape pair is used to drive another tape pair. Since it is a multiple effect type that is used as driving energy, the coefficient of performance of the device is significantly increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the first stage of a conventional heat pump device.
FIG. 2 shows a second type cycle diagram. FIG. 3 shows the dual-effect heat pump device of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a type 1 cycle diagram for explaining its operation. FIG. 5 shows the triple effect heat pump device of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a type 1 cycle diagram for explaining its operation. FIG. 7 is a second type cycle diagram for explaining the operation of the dual-effect heat pump device of the present invention. 1... Airtight container, 2, 3, 29... Partition wall, 4...
...High pressure chamber in the first type cycle, 4'...Second
Medium pressure chamber in the first type cycle, 5...Low pressure chamber in the first type cycle, 5'...High pressure chamber in the second type cycle, 6, 6a, 6b... Medium pressure chamber in the first type cycle, 6'... Low pressure chamber in the second type cycle, 7, 8, 44... Tape supporting the first metal hydride, 9, 10, 45... Tape supporting the second metal hydride, 27, 28... Heat circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) A high pressure chamber, a low pressure chamber, and one or more medium pressure chambers defined by partition walls in a closed container; (b) A space between the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber and each medium pressure chamber. and the first metal hydride between the low pressure chamber and the first metal hydride in the operating temperature region.
(c) a pair of tapes each carrying a second metal hydride having a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than the metal hydride, and continuously running in a rotating belt; (c) a tape pair carrying a first metal hydride in a high-pressure chamber; (d) a first high-temperature heating medium thermally connected to the tape in a heat exchange manner;
(e) a second metal hydride-supporting tape thermally connected to the tape supporting the first metal hydride in the medium pressure chamber so as to be capable of heat exchange;
(f) a thermal circuit that thermally connects the first intermediate temperature heating medium and the second intermediate temperature heating medium; (g) a tape supporting a second metal hydride in the intermediate pressure chamber; a third thermally connected for heat exchange with
(h) a low-temperature heating medium thermally connected to the tape supporting the second metal hydride in the low-pressure chamber for heat exchange; (i) the first metal hydride in the low-pressure chamber; A fourth member is thermally connected to the tape carrying the material in a heat exchangeable manner.
Medium temperature heating medium. The first metal hydride is heated with a high-temperature heating medium in a high-pressure chamber to release hydrogen, and this hydrogen is exothermically occluded in the second metal hydride, and the reaction heat generated here is absorbed by the above-mentioned reaction heat. is transmitted to the first metal hydride in the intermediate pressure chamber through a heat circuit, causing hydrogen to be released from the first metal hydride in the intermediate pressure chamber, causing this hydrogen to be exothermically occluded in the second metal hydride, and , causing hydrogen to be endothermically released from the second metal hydride between each pair of tapes in the low pressure chamber, and exothermically occluding the hydrogen in the first metal hydride;
A heat pump device characterized in that a cold output is obtained from the low-temperature heating medium, or a thermal output is obtained from the third intermediate-temperature heating medium and/or the fourth intermediate-temperature heating medium. 2. (a) A high-pressure chamber, a low-pressure chamber, and one or more medium-pressure chambers defined by partition walls in a closed container; (b) Between a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber and between each medium-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber. the first metal hydride and the first in the operating temperature range.
(c) a pair of tapes each supporting a second metal hydride having a higher equilibrium decomposition pressure than the metal hydride and continuously running in a rotating belt; (c) supporting a first metal hydride in an intermediate pressure chamber; The first tape is thermally connected to the tape for heat exchange.
(d) a second metal hydride-supporting tape thermally connected to the tape supporting the second metal hydride in the medium pressure chamber;
(e) a third metal hydride-supporting tape thermally connected to the first metal hydride-supported tape in a low-pressure chamber for heat exchange;
(f) a thermal circuit that thermally connects the second intermediate temperature heating medium and the third intermediate temperature heating medium; (g) each tape supporting a second metal hydride in a high pressure chamber; (h) a fourth intermediate temperature heating medium thermally connected in a heat exchange manner to each of the tapes carrying the first metal hydride in the high pressure chamber; . heating the first metal hydride with a first intermediate temperature heating medium in an intermediate pressure chamber to release hydrogen;
This hydrogen is exothermically occluded in the second metal hydride, and the reaction heat generated therein is transmitted to the first metal hydride in the low pressure chamber through the above-mentioned thermal circuit, and from the first metal hydride in the low pressure chamber. Hydrogen is released and absorbed into the second metal hydride, hydrogen is released from the second metal hydride between each pair of tapes in a high pressure chamber, and the hydrogen is transferred to the first metal hydride to generate heat. A heat pump device characterized in that the heat pump device is configured to occlude the high temperature heat medium to obtain thermal output from the high temperature heat medium or to obtain the cold output from the first medium temperature heat medium and/or the fourth medium temperature heat medium.