JPS63260990A - Improved 10w-30 and 15w-40 synthetic hydrocarbonaceous engine oil - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to synthetic hydrocarbon-based, non-polymerically thickened, multigrade engine oils. More particularly, SAE 10W-30 and SAE 15W derived from hydrogenated decene-1 oligomers and without viscosity index improvers.
-40 Regarding engine oil.

<Prior Art> SAL: 10W-30 is the engine oil viscosity grade recommended by most manufacturers for gasoline passenger cars, while SAE 15W- is recommended for diesel trucks.
40 is the most widely recommended engine oil viscosity grade. All of these oils are multigrade or multigrade options, which generally means that they can be used in both summer and winter environments.

To be more precise, these oils are the current SAE J300
It is necessary to meet (pass) the APR84 standard. S.A.
ASTM D-2602 for E 10W-30
Viscosity of less than 3500 7 inch Boase at -20°C as measured according to ASTM D-445 and 100 mm as measured in accordance with ASTM D-445.
9.3 to 125 centistokes (c St ) at °C
viscosity is required. Additionally, this oil has a critical pumping temperature of -25°C or lower.
pumping temperature ] (ASTM
D-3829) and -30°C or lower stable pour point [5table pour point] (FTM
S 791b-203). S.A.
E15W-40 oil has a maximum viscosity of 3500 centipoise at -15°C and 125 to 16.3 (cst) at 100°C.
) and a critical pumping temperature of -20°C or lower.

In addition to meeting these viscosity standards, multigrade engine oils are
It is also necessary to conform to a certain service classification. This is accomplished by adding appropriate performance additives to the oil. Note that the formulated oil, ie, the base oil with all additives, must meet SAE J-300 APR84 viscosity standards.

To obtain multigrade motor oils using petroleum base stocks, it is also necessary to add viscosity index (M) improvers. ■The improver is a polymeric substance such as ethylene-propylene copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-diene block copolymer, polyalkyl methacrylate, polyisobutylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc., and the temperature of the substrate when added is Improves the rate of change in viscosity over time. In order to achieve multi-grade performance in petroleum base materials, polymeric improvers are necessary, but the addition of these polymers is not without problems.

Under conditions of thermal and mechanical stress, high molecular weight polymers■
It is well known in the literature in the prior art that improvers undergo shear, ie, disintegrate. ■ Disintegration of improvers changes the viscosity properties of formulated motor oils and also contributes to the formation of sludge and engine deposits. Field experiments have shown, for example, that SAE 15W-40 diesel engine oil degrades to SAE 15W-30 after only a few thousand miles of use.

This is a very real problem for heavy-duty long-distance transport trucks, where it is not uncommon for oil change intervals to be 3QOOO miles or more. Improver degradation is also a problem for gasoline engines, especially in view of the longer oil change intervals currently being promoted and as today's smaller engines run at higher rpm and higher temperatures. This fact poses a problem. The general problem associated with the degradation of polymeric improvers is discussed in a paper entitled "Polymer Stability in Engines 1" by the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
American Society of Automotive Engineers) [“Polymer 5ta
"Bility in Engines".

5ociety of Automotive Eng.
ineers, Inc., ]SAE-429, SAE
Paper Ha 780372 by W, Wunderlsch and Gachi, Joost (W, Wunderl
1chand H-Jos t) Ic yotte tail.

One solution to overcome the problems associated with the use of enhancers is the development of improved polymers that are more resistant to shear under conditions of thermal and mechanical stress. Although the development of new polymeric thickeners is a viable solution, it would be more desirable and convenient to completely eliminate improvers from the formulation of multigrade motor oils. Dew.

European Patent Application Box 8&453:11a069: and 11Q070 discloses multigrade lubricants that are a combination of synthetic fluids with different viscosities. The lubricant consists of a high viscosity ethylene-a-olefin copolymer and a low viscosity synthetic hydrocarbon, such as an alkylated benzene or polyolefin, or an ester, such as a monoester.
Consisting of a mixture with diester or polyester. 5W-40 and LOW-40 oils obtained by blending different synthetic products and shown to be suitable for use as diesel crankcase lubricants are disclosed.

If a non-polymer thickened multigrade engine oil suitable for most passenger car and diesel truck applications could be obtained using a single synthetic hydrocarbon basestock,
This is highly desirable and convenient. Then,
Compatibility problems encountered when formulating different substrates would be eliminated.

The need for multiplexed processes and/or suppliers would also be eliminated, while minimizing the problems and investment costs associated with storing and moving different types of products within a plant.

Coincidentally, SAE 10W-30 and SA obtained from a single synthetic hydrocarbon base without the addition of polymeric improvers
E15W-40 motor oil has now been discovered. The multigrade engine oil of the present invention is a mixture of conventional decene-1 oligomers and higher (molecular weight) decene-1 oligomers, where the oligomers are present in specific proportions.

The oligomer composite is formulated with performance additives to match the desired API service classification.

The non-polymerically thickened multigrade lubricants of the present invention contain significant amounts of decene-1 hydrogenated hexamers (
Cso oligomer), heptamer (C70 oligomer)
and higher molecular weight decene-1 oligomers, hydrogenated trimers (Cso oligomers), tetramers (Cso oligomers)
40 oligomer) and pentamer (C50 oligomer)
Together, they exist. These compositions are most commonly obtained by careful formulation of fractions with different oligomer distributions.

However, by proper configuration and control of the process equipment, if the specified range and additives are incorporated, the SAE 10W can be achieved without polymeric thickening (i.e., without polymeric viscosity index (M) improver). Compositions with oligomer distribution suitable for -30 and SAE 15W-40 engine oils can be obtained directly.

<Structure of the invention> Therefore, 80 to 95% by weight of hydrogenated decene-
1 oligomer mixture and 0.5 to 20 mt% of engine performance additives, the formulated oil, i.e., the base oil containing all the additives, meets the API Service Requirements (API 5).
service Requiremen%) (i.e. API
The minimum is SAE60W and the highest is S
Non-polymerically thickened (i.e., without polymeric improvers) engine oils capable of meeting SAE (viscosity grade) requirements of AE 40, C50 with an oligomer mixture of 5% to 20%. Oligomer, 43% to 68
C411 oligomer of H, 14% to 34% 050 oligomer, 5% to 16% COO oligomer, and 5%
Provided by the present invention is a non-polymer thickened engine oil characterized in that it contains from 16% to 16% 070+. [H for oligomers is the area ratio measured by ordinary gas-liquid chromatography. ] In particular, non-polymer thickened SAE 10W-30 oils suitable for use in gasoline engines may be
PI Engine Service Classification System (API Engine)
e 5service C1assification S
system, API service classification system is 5service
“S’ and Commerc for 5tation oil
It is roughly divided into C′ for ialOil, and each
SD, SE, SF, CC, with A, B, song, etc.
5 to 10% by weight of gasoline engine performance additives to meet the requirements described in
and 0.5% 20% C30 oligomers, 43% to 66% C4O oligomers, 16 to 26 C6
0 oligomer, 5% to 11% of 080 oligomer, and 5% to 11% of 07 oligomer. SAE suitable for use as diesel engine oil and general-purpose (i.e., gasoline and diesel) engine oil
10W-30 oil contains 10 to 20 weight percent general purpose performance additives and 0.5% to 16% C to meet the requirements listed in the appropriate API engine service classification system.
30 oligomers, 55% to 68% C40 oligomers, 14% to 23% C50 oligomers, 3% to 9%
8 of a hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer mixture containing 3% to 9% of C60 oligomers and 3% to 9% of 070+ oligomers.
Contains 0 to 90% by weight. SAE 15W-40 diesel or general purpose engine oils contain 10 to 20% by weight of diesel or general purpose performance additives to meet the requirements listed in the appropriate API engine service classification system.
and 25% or less C50 oligomer, 44% to 56
80 to 90% by weight of a hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer mixture containing 23% to 34% C50 oligomers, 7% to 16% C60 oligomers, and 7% to 16% C50+ oligomers. .

In accordance with the present invention, a multi-grade motor oil suitable for passenger cars and diesel trucks is produced using a single hydrocarbon base, namely a polycarbonate comprising a specified decene-1 oligomer present in a specified amount. Obtained using Mie olefin. The multi-grade engine oil of the present invention is obtained without the use of polymeric improvers. SAE 10W
-30 and SAE 15W-40 engine oils are obtained by simply adding appropriate performance additives to the oligomer mixture, ie, additives to meet a given API service classification.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Synthetic lubricants derived from a-olefins and processes for their production are well known. Polyolefins can be prepared using conventional polymerization techniques such as U.S. Pat. No. 3,149,178; (76a
244:378Q128:4045508; and 4
23' J920. These processes are generally termed oligomerization of a-olefins such as octene-1 or decene-1 using boron trifluoride catalysts in combination with promoters such as alcohols or water.

Such oligomerization processes typically yield mixtures consisting predominantly of dimers, trimers, tetramers and pentamers. The exact oligomer distribution depends on reaction conditions, but oligomers larger than pentamers have so far been produced in such small quantities that they have typically not been reported.

As a result of changes in reactor structure and better control of process conditions, it is now possible to produce polyJ (1-olefin products) containing substantial amounts of higher molecular weight decene-1 oligomers, e.g. Products containing more than 20% of hexamers, heptamers and higher molecular weight oligomers can always be obtained from the oligomerization process of decene-1.According to the present invention, products containing substantial amounts of higher molecular weight oligomers It has now been found that when blending oligomer mixtures with suitable (engine) performance additives, multigrade engine oils can be obtained without the use of polymeric viscosity index improvers.SAE 10W-
30 and SAE 15W-40 engine oils, the two major viscosity grades recommended for most passenger cars and diesel trucks, can be obtained in this manner.

The present invention uses a specific mixture of decene-1 oligomers, also called oligomer complexes, containing C60 and higher molecular weight oligomers of the lactogen. Useful oligomer mixtures are decene-promoted using alcohol-promoted boron trifluoride catalysts by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.
Obtained by oligomerization of 1. It is particularly advantageous for the present invention to utilize oligomer mixtures obtained in the oligomerization of decene-1, where the catalyst is propatool-promoted boron trifluoride. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that compositions having the oligomer distribution defined below can be utilized in any manner. Similarly, the oligomer composites utilized here are all mixtures of decene-1 oligomers;
Oligomeric products derived from other a-olefins in the range 8-12 are also available. However, the ranges defined herein for oligomer composites derived from decene-1 are not available for oligomers derived from other olefins.

Furthermore, it is possible to obtain the oligomeric composite organically from the reactor without predending. This can be achieved with controlled reaction conditions and appropriate reactor configuration. More than one distillation operation may be necessary to achieve the desired oligomer distribution. All a-olefin derived oligomers used in lubricant applications also require hydrogenation of the oligomer mixture prior to use to obtain optimal oxidative and thermal stability.

Most commonly, the oligomer complex that is mixed with the performance additives to obtain the multigrade engine oil of the present invention is a mixture of two or more fractions with different oligomer distributions. Select a fraction rich in lower molecular weight oligomers
A cut rich in high molecular weight oligomers is typically blended to achieve the desired oligomer distribution; however, any combination of cuts that results in a composite with the desired oligomer distribution is acceptable. The fractions used for such mixing may be different distillation cuts of the same process, or may be obtained from completely different oligomerization processes. Certain fractions are SAE 10W-30 and SA
It may be used for blending both E 15W-40 oils. For example, a fraction rich in high molecular weight oligomers is mixed in one operation with a first fraction rich in low molecular weight oligomers to obtain a composite for SAE 10W-30, and in a second operation a fraction rich in low molecular weight oligomers is mixed with a first fraction rich in low molecular weight oligomers. SA by mixing with a fraction rich in molecular weight oligomers
Composites used for E 15W-40 can be obtained. SAE 10W-30 and SAE 15W-4 when using the same low molecular weight oligomer-enriched fractions.
It is clear that different proportions of the fractions and fractions enriched in different polymeric oligomers need to be used to produce zero oil. Even if the composite obtained after mixing is hydrogenated,
The individual fractions may also be hydrogenated before being combined.

The oligomer mixture is hydrogenated by known conventional methods, which typically involve combining the oligomer at elevated temperature with a suitable hydrogenation catalyst and hydrogen pressure. Conventional catalysts are used, such as platinum or palladium on charcoal, Raney nickel, nickel on diatoms, and the like. The pressure is about a few psi
g to about 2000 psig, and the temperature is about 50 psig.
'C to about 300°C. Hydrogenation ends when the desired bromine number is reached, typically a bromine number less than 1.

■ To obtain a multi-grade engine oil without adding improvers, an oligomer composite with a specific oligomer distribution is required. Additionally, it is necessary to include performance additives in the formulation to obtain the desired service grade. SAE 10W-30 or S that meets manufacturer's specifications
AE 15W-40 engine oil therefore requires proper selection of both oligomers and additives - the combination of oligomers contributing to the desired viscosity properties and the additives contributing to the required service properties. When certain oligomer complexes or certain additives are not used, no usable formulations are obtained. SAE 10W-30 and SAE 15
Although W-40 is the broadest multigrade formulation possible, those skilled in the art will appreciate that narrower multigrade oils within a wide viscosity range are also possible. For example SAE 15
W-30 and SAE 10% V-20 formulations are also available, and although not specifically mentioned, SAW 10W-30
It falls within the 0 range. This aspect of the invention provides that the stated viscosity requirements for multigrade engine oils are SAE
Engine oil viscosity classification (SAE Engine Oil
ViscosityClassif 1cation
)--SAE J300 APR84 is better understood with reference to the following table.

Maximum viscosity limit po OW 3250■-303,8--35℃5W 3
500@-253,8--301? : -35℃10
W 35000-20 4.1 - -25℃
-30t? .

15W 3500■-155,6--20℃20W
4500■-105,6--15℃25W 600
0■-59,3° --to℃20
5.6 9.330 9.3 1
2540 125 16.350
16.3 21.91 ASTM
D-26022A STM D-445 3ASTM D-3829 4FTMS 791b-203 In a first aspect of the present invention, a polymeric viscosity index improver-free and suitable API for gasoline engines is provided.
An SAE 10W-30 engine oil is provided that meets the S1 service classification. 5service 5tation
The "S" service classification class of this API regarding oil (Although there are also SA and SB), especially SC, SD,
Contains SE and SF.

Oil that meets (passes) API Service Classification SF is most important because oil that meets (passes) API Service Classification SF can be used when SE, SD, or 80 class of API Service Classification is recommended. . Therefore, when we refer to a particular class of service designation (e.g. SF), we are referring to all lower classes of service (SA, higher) that have less stringent engine testing requirements (standards).
SB, SC, SD.

SE) shall also be included. SAE LOW-30 engine oils suitable for use in gasoline engines contain 5 to 10% by weight of gasoline engine performance additives to make the oil meet API "S""" service requirements and 0.5%. Hydrogenated oligomer mixture containing ffi to 20 inches of C3G oligomers, 43% to 66 inches of C40 oligomers, 16elb to 26 inches of C50 oligomers, 5% to 11 inches of C60 oligomers, and 5% to 11% of C70+ oligomers. Contains 90 to 95% by weight of the substance. For oligomers used herein, the square is the area square determined by conventional gas-liquid chromatography.

Generally, these engine oils are formulated with packaged performance additives that meet the desired API "S" service grade, most typically API service grade SF.

Performance additive packages (packaged additives) are commercially available and widely used in the production of engine oils. These packages contain the necessary corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants, antiwear agents, defoamers, antioxidants, metals, metal deactivators and the desired quality, i.e. the desired API.
It is formulated to contain other additives necessary to obtain a useful motor oil that meets service grade. The use of these additive packages has greatly reduced the efforts of the formulator. Oligomer composites include 2% to 17% C3° oligomers, 45% to 63% C40 oligomers, 18
% to 24% 05+1 oligomers, 6% to 10% C6O oligomers, and 6% to 10% C70+ oligomers, highly useful SAE 10W-30 engine oils suitable for use in gasoline engines are obtained. .

In a second aspect of the invention there is provided a non-polymerically thickened SAE LOW-30 engine oil suitable for use in diesel engines, i.e. meeting the appropriate API service classification "C" for Commercial Oils. The most common oils of this type are those with API service grades CC and CD.In addition to meeting service requirements for diesel engines, these SA
E 10W-30 oils can also be made to meet API "S" service requirements. The latter type of “Dual-use Service 1” or “General Purpose” Engine Oil Filler Hysteresis Symbol CD/
SD, CD/SE, CC/SE, CC/SF and CD/
It has SF. Such general purpose oils are widely used by companies that have mixed fleets, ie, gasoline engine vehicles and light duty diesel engine vehicles, such as diesel passenger cars. This oil is useful for service since it is sufficient to have a single engine oil suitable for use in both gasoline and diesel vehicles. SAE 10W-
30 Diesel and general-purpose engine oil, mix the blended oil with appropriate A.
One of the performance additives to meet PI service requirements
0 to 20 weight f% and 0.5% to 16% C30 oligomer, 55% to 68% 040 oligomer, 14
% to 23% C11O oligomer, 3% to 9% C
6O oligomer, and a mixture of hydrogenated decene-1 oligomers containing from 3 to 9% 070+ oligomer.
to 903. Contains i%. Most preferably, the oligomer composite contains 2% to 13% C30 oligomers, 57% to 65% 040 oligomers, and 16% to 21% 06 oligomers.
0 oligomers, 4% to 8% Cl10 oligomers, and 4% to 8% C50+ oligomers.

In a third aspect of the invention, non-polymerically thickened 5A
This applies to W15W-40 diesel and general-purpose engine oils.

These oils are typically recommended for more severe applications and contain 10 to 20% by weight of appropriate performance additives to match the formulated oil to the desired API service grade, and up to 25% CaO oligomers. 44% to 56% 040 oligomer, 23% to 34% C50 oligomer, 7% to 1
6% CaO oligomers and 7% to 16% 070
80 to 90% by weight of the hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer mixture containing + oligomers. Most commonly, oligomer composites contain 1% to 25-25 oligomers,
040 oligomer of 45% to 55, 25 to 33
% CaO oligomer, 8% to 15% Cll10
Ori: l'mer, and C? from 8% to 15ch? Contains 0+ oligomers.

As previously mentioned, in the addition of available additive packages, performance additives are most commonly incorporated into the oil. The oil can, however, also be formulated with the addition of individual additive components. In either case, the result is the same, the engine oil contains the required amount of additives necessary to reach the desired API service grade. Useful additive packages and individual additives are known and commercially available.

Commercially available additive packages contain detergents, dispersants, corrosion/rust inhibitors, antioxidants, anti-wear agents, defoamers, metal deactivators, set point reducers, etc. at recommended usage concentrations. It is formulated to contain the necessary ingredients to meet the specific API service class when used.

These commercial additive packages, however, do not contain viscosity index improvers. Although generally not necessary, further additives can also be used in combination with these additive packages.

Most additive manufacturers supply a range of additive packages to meet today's service requirements for gasoline engine oils, diesel engine oils, and general purpose engine oils. For example, Ethyl Petrono
Lamb Additives Division [Ethyl
Petroleum Additives Divisi
on] offers a complete line of products sold under the HiTEC trademark. Below is a list of various HiTEC additive packages and the recommended API service grade for each: HiTEC918-8F.

HiTEC85QC-CD, HiTEC909-8F/
C.C.

HiTEC910-3F/CC, HiTEC914-3
F/CC.

HiTEC920-8F/CC, HiTEC2000-
8F/CC.

HiTEC2001-8F/CD, HiTEC854-
8F/CD.

HiTEC861-8F/CD, HiTEC862-8
F/CD.

HiTEC865-8F/CD0 Similar additive packages are available from other manufacturers. The following is a typical general purpose additive package; Texaco Chemical Company
any ') W's TLA-654A (SF/CD),
TLA-668 (SF/CC), and TI, A-679
(SF/CD); Chevron Chemical Company
Oronite Aditapes Division [Chev
ronChemical Company, 0ron
ite AddjtivesDivision E's OLA 8150A (SF/CD), 0LA8363C
(SF/CC), OLA 8373 (SF/CC).

OLA 8718 (SF/CD), and OLA 873
0 (SF/CD); The Lubrizol Corporation
Lubrizol (trademark) 7574 (SF
/CC) and Lubrizol 3978 (SF/CD
): Amoco Petroleum Additi
Amoco (trademark) manufactured by ves Company
6688 (SF/CD), 6689 (SF/CD), 6
There are 817 (SF/CC) and 6831 (SF/CC). Other additive packages with different API service classes are available from the aforementioned manufacturers and other suppliers.

The dosage levels of additives used will vary depending on the particular additive package used. For example, five types of HiTECSF/C
The optimum usage level for SAE 15W-40 engine oil in Class D package is about 11.5% to 14.7%. Changes in oligomer distribution may require adjustment of usage levels even within the same SAE (viscosity) grade. Even when one excipient package is used in a formulation, one or more other excipients (packages)
can be used.

If desired, known antioxidants, dispersants, clearing agents,
Individual additive components, including metal deactivators, rust/corrosion inhibitors, setting point reducer-1 lubricants, etc., can be blended with the oligomer composite to obtain engine oils. Useful antioxidants include substituted aromatic amines such as dioctyl diphenylamine, mono-t-
Octylphenylnaphthylamine, dioctylphenothiazine, phenyl-naphthylamine, N,N'-di-
Butyl-p-phenylenediamine, etc.; hindered phenols such as ze-di, t-butyl-p-cresol,
44'-bis-(26-diinpropylphenol),
2.2'-thio-bis-(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 44'-methylene-bis-(2,6-di-t-butylphenol); organic phosphites such as trinonyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphites; esters of thiodipropionic acid, such as thiodipropionate;

Typical detergents and dispersants include polyalkenylconophosphate imide and oil bath metal soaps such as Ca, Ha,
There are carboxylates, phenates and sulfonates of Mg and At.

Useful metal deactivators include benzotriazole, 2-mercaptobenzotriazole, 45-dimercaptothiadiazole, salts of salicylaminoguanidine, quinizarin, propyl gallate, and the like.

Useful rust/corrosion inhibitors include primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic and cycloaliphatic amines and amine salts of organic and inorganic acids;
Oil-bathable alkylammonium carboxylates; substituted imidapurines and oxazolines; alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates; alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of alkylbenzene sulfonic acids such as barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, calcium petroleum sulfonate, etc.; esters of organic acids. , acid anhydrides, and metal salts, such as nrubitan monooleate, lead naphthenate, and dodecylconolinic anhydride.

Set point reducers include alkylated naphthalenes, alkylated phenols, polymethacrylates, and the like. Anti-friction agents (anti-wear additives) include sulfur, phosphorus, and nitrogen-containing compounds such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl disulfides, and the like. Multifunctional additives, such as those described in U.S. Pat.

Amounts of individual additives may vary depending on the particular application and stated service requirements. However, the total amount of additives is
It falls within the abovementioned weight percent limits specified for each of the engines.

The engine oil formulation of the present invention will be explained in more detail in the following examples. In these examples, the rates are iit paces.

A hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer mixture was used as the base material for all formulations. Oligomer distribution was determined using a galam column (3'x2w 100-1205 upper column).
It was determined by conventional gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) method using 1% 5P-2100 on the port(TM).

All oligomer distributions are expressed using area squares. The injector temperature was maintained at 300°C and the flame ion detector temperature at 375°C. Nitrogen at 30cm”/min
was used as the carrier gas at a rate of .

Furnace temperature is 15℃/m in the range of 140℃ to 350℃
The temperature was raised IA at a rate of 350° C. and maintained at 10 ml. Separation of decene-1 oligomers larger than C70 is not possible using this method. For this reason, the final oligomer cut is designated as 07Q+ since it also contains small amounts of higher molecular weight oligomers than 070, primarily CaO and C11O oligomers.

The viscosities shown in the examples were calculated using the cold cranking simulator CCold Crank Simulator.
r] (CC8) viscosity and 100°C viscosity, ASTM D-2602 and SAE J300
Measured according to ASTM D-445 for APR84 standard. CC8 viscosities are expressed in centipoise at a specified temperature (C), while 100°C viscosities are given as centistocous (cSt).

Example I A non-polymerically thickened SAE 10W-30 gasoline engine oil having an API service SFR'i was prepared using a mixture of hydrogenated decene-1 oligomers. The oligomeric composite used as a substrate was obtained by mixing two different poly-a-olefin synthetic hydrocarbon fluids. The first fluid was 4.8 inches of C30 oligomer, 63.7% C40 oligomer, 1 & 7 inches of 050 oligomer, 6.
It contained 5% C60 oligomers and 6°3 C50+ oligomers. The second fluid contains a significantly higher amount of high molecular weight oligomers, with a concentration of 54.7%.
46 oligomers, 24.5% C50 oligomers, 10
．． 0% C50 oligomer and 10.8% 070+
Contains oligomers. 1 for the first and second fractions;
Blended at a ratio of 2.40% 03G oligomer, 59.2% C40 oligomer, 21.6% 050
An oligomer composite containing 3% C60 oligomer and 8.6% C70+ oligomer. Oligomer composite (92.20 parts) to 780 parts of A
Low ash gasoline engine performance additive cutting package that meets PI SF' requirements [Lubrizol 7574]
mixed with. The resulting blended oil was 10.09 cst.
00 parts viscosity and 3290 centipoise - CC at 20°C
8 viscosity. This oil is also SAE grade 60W
It passed the limit pumping temperature requirements and stable pour point requirements of SAE J300 APR84, and therefore completely satisfied the quality as a 10W30SF engine oil across multiple grades.

Example 2 To further demonstrate that a SAE 10W-30 engineering/gin oil was obtained, an oligomer composite was prepared by mixing the polyJQ-olefin/synthetic hydrocarbon fluid of Example 1. The first and second synthetic hydrocarbon fluids were mixed in a 3.5:1 ratio and the resulting oligomer complex (3,731C30 oligomer, 61.40% 040 oligomer, 19.70%
050 oligomer, 7.06% C110 oligomer,
and 90 parts of 8.58% 070+oligomer) 11.3
6 parts calcium alkyl phenate detergent, 5.40
1 part alkenylsuccinimide ashless dispersant, 1.57 parts alkylzinc dithiophosphate antioxidant/antiwear additive, 0.30 parts thiodiethylene bis(3,5
-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrosinname)
Antioxidant, 0.30 parts alkylated phenyl-naphthylamine antioxidant, O, part OS copper deactivator, 0
．． 0.02 parts antifoam (10% silicone in toluene) and 1.00 parts Overpace calcium sulfonate detergent/rust inhibitor.

The resulting blended oil had a 100 part viscosity of 9.30 cst and a CC8 viscosity at 20°C of 3000 centipoise. The non-polymerically thickened oil passed all requirements of SAE J300 APR84 for 10W-30 oil.

The base stock obtained by mixing the first and second poly-a-olefin synthetic hydrocarbon fluids in a ratio of about 1:1.25 was compounded in the same manner into an SAE 10W-30 engine oil. The i50°C and CC3 (-20°C) viscosities of the blended oil were 10.0 and 3500, respectively.

Example 3 Following the general procedure of Example 1, an SAE 10W-30SF engine oil was obtained using a poly-a-olefin synthetic hydrocarbon base without the use of a polymeric viscosity index improver. This oil has a 92.20% polyQ-olefin base and 7.8%
Contained 0 parts of APISF gasoline engine performance additive package. The oligomer distribution of the base material and the 100 parts viscosity and CCS viscosity at -20°C of the obtained blended oil were as follows: 2% C30 oligomer 4.
1% C<o oligo? -62,4%Cso oligor-19,6%C80 oligomer 7.0%C70+oligomer 7.0 Viscosity: 100℃ 9.39 CC8 (-20℃) 2690 The blended oil is SAE J300 for 10W-30 oil
It fully passed the viscosity requirements of APR84.

Examples 4 and 5 A non-polymerically thickened SAE 10W-30SF engine oil was further prepared using a base stock consisting of a decene-1 oligomer mixture. The base material is 28! The polyQ-olefin was obtained by blending a synthetic hydrocarbon fluid. The first fluid is 84.9% C3G oligomer and 14.8% 04
It contained 0 oligomers. The second fluid was the same as described in Example 1.

The APISF performance additive package was also the same as that used in Example 1. The composition of the engine oil, including the overall oligomer distribution of the resulting synthetic hydrocarbon mixture, was as follows.

First hydrocarbon fluid (part) 1 & 44 11.
53th 2nd (') 73.76 80
．． Oligomer distribution of 68 mixture: %C30 oligomer 17.0 10.6
%C40 oligomer 46.7 49.4
%C50 Oligomer 18.6 21.3
%C60 oligomer 8.0 8.
7% C7,+oligo ff-8,69,4 additive package (parts) 7.80 7.80 Example 4
The blended oil has a 100°C viscosity of 9.31 cst and a viscosity of 2810
It had a CC3 (-20°C) viscosity of centipoise.

The blended oil of Example 5 had a 100°C viscosity of 10.0 OcSt and a CC3 (-20°C) viscosity of 3200 centipoise.

Examples 6-10 A non-polymer thickened SAE 10W-30SF/CD general purpose engine oil suitable for both gasoline and diesel engines was prepared. In these formulations, decene-
86.31 parts of a poly(a-olefin) synthetic hydrocarbon basestock consisting of 1 oligomer was added to a performance additive package CLubrizol that meets API SF/CD service requirements.
3978). The oligomer distribution of each base material and the 100°C and CC3 (-20°C) viscosity of the resulting blended engine oil were as follows: %CaoC3G oligomer 3.8 4.0
4.3 4.8 11.7%C40 oligoff
-61,962,362,763,759,9%C50
Oligomer 19.9 19.6 19.3 1
8.7 1? , 7% Cao oligomer 7.2
7.1 6.9 6.5 6.0%C7
Leaf oligomer 7.2 7.0 6.8 6
．． 3 4.7 Viscosity: 100°C 10.3610.2510.14 9.
92 9.39CC8 (-20℃') 340032
20313032702300 Examples 11 and 12 SAE 15W-40 engine oils suitable for diesel engines were prepared that did not contain polymeric viscosity index improvers.

The substrate used was a mixture of hydrogenated oligomers obtained by oligomerization of decene-1. The amount of substrate and the distribution of decene-1 oligomer in the substrate are shown below. The amount of performance additive package used is also indicated. The formulation of Example 11 used a low ash general purpose SF/CD performance package [Lubrizo 13978), while the formulation of Example 12 used a high ash premium SF'/CD performance package [0LOA 8718). . The details of the composition and the viscosity of the obtained blended engine oil are as follows: Base material (parts) 86.31 83.70 Oligomer distribution in base material % C40 Oligo? -51,251,2%05G oligo? -27,627,6%C60 oligomer
11.7 11.7%C70+oligo? -9,
59.5 Additive package (parts) 13.69 16.
30 viscosity: 100℃ 12.77 1252CC8(-1
5℃) 2970 3380 Both oils SAE15
They also passed the critical pumping temperature requirements of SAE J300APR84 for W grades, so without the addition of polymeric viscosity index improvers, these oils are fully qualified as multi-grade 15W-40 motor oils. Ta.

Applicant: Quantum Chemical Corporation ゛・−“7

Claims (1)

Claim: 1, consisting of 80 to 95% by weight hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer mixture and 0.5 to 20% by weight engine performance additive, wherein the oligomer mixture contains 5% to 20% C.
_3_0 oligomer, 43% to 68% C_4_0 oligomer, 14% to 34% C_5_0 oligomer,
5% to 16% C_6_0 oligomer and 5% to 1
A non-polymerically thickened engine oil that meets API service requirements characterized by containing 6% C_7_0_+ oligomers and can meet SAE requirements as low as SAE 10W and as high as SAE 40. 2, 90 to 95% by weight of a hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer mixture and 5 to 10% by weight of a gasoline engine performance additive, so that the formulated oil meets API "S" service requirements, and The oligomer mixture is 0
．． 5% to 20% C_3_0 oligomer, 43% to 66% C_4_0 oligomer, 16% to 26% C
The non-polymerically thickened engine oil of claim 1, which is an SAE 10W-30 gasoline engine oil consisting essentially of _5_0 oligomers, 5% to 11% C_6_0 oligomers, and 5% to 11% C_7_0_+ oligomers. 3. Claim 1 that meets the requirements of API service classification SF
Or the engine oil which is not polymer thickened according to 2. 4. The oligomer mixture is 2% to 17% C_3_0 oligomer, 45% to 63% C_4_0 oligomer,
18% to 24% C_5_0 oligomer, 6% to 1
0% C_6_0 oligomer and 6% to 10% C
The non-polymer thickened engine oil according to claim 1 or 2, which contains a _7_0_+ oligomer. 5, 80 to 90% by weight hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer and 10 to 20% general purpose or diesel engine performance additives, and the formulated oil meets API "C" service requirements or API "S" and " C” Service・
55% C_3_0 oligomers that meet the requirements and the oligomer mixture is between 0.5% and 16%.
68% C_4_0 oligomer, 14% to 23%
The polymer-thickened polymer-thickened oil of claim 1, which is an SAE 10W-30 general purpose or diesel engine oil consisting essentially of C_5_0 oligomers of 3% to 9% C_6_0 oligomers, and 3% to 9% C_7_0_+ oligomers. No engine oil. 6. Claim 5 that meets the requirements of API service classification CD
Engine oil that is not polymer thickened as described. 7. The non-polymerically thickened engine oil of claim 5 which meets the requirements of API service classifications SF and CD. 8. The oligomer mixture is 2% to 13% C_3_0 oligomer, 57% to 68% C_4_0 oligomer,
16%-21% C_5_0 oligomer, 4%-8
% C_6_0 oligomer and 4% to 8% C_7
The non-polymer thickened engine oil according to any one of claims 5 to 7, comprising ___0_+ oligomer. 9, 80 to 90% by weight of a hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer mixture and 10 to 20% by weight of a general purpose or diesel engine performance additive, and the formulated oil meets API "C" service requirements or API "S" and “C”
C_3_0 oligomers that meet service requirements and whose oligomer mixture is 25% or less; 44
% to 56% C_4_0 oligomer, 23% to 34%
% C_5_0 oligomer, 7% to 16% C_6_
2. The non-polymer thickened engine oil of claim 1, which is an SAE 15W-40 general purpose or diesel engine oil comprising C_7_0_+ oligomers and 7% to 16% C_7_0_+ oligomers. 10. The non-polymerically thickened engine oil of claim 9, which meets the requirements of API service classification CD. 11. The non-polymerically thickened engine oil of claim 9 which meets the requirements of API service classifications SF and CD. 12. C_3_ with an oligomer mixture of 1% to 2.5%
0 oligomer, 45% to 55% C_4_0 oligomer, 25% to 33% C_5_0 oligomer, 8% to 15% C_6_0 oligomer, and 8% to 15%
A non-polymerically thickened engine oil according to any one of claims 9 to 11, comprising a C_7_0_+ oligomer of.