JPS6325243B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion device for liquid fuel such as kerosene, and provides a combustion device that is simple and compact in configuration, can handle a wide range of combustion amounts, and can be used for a wide range of liquid fuels. With the goal.

In general, combustion methods for liquid fuels such as kerosene can be roughly divided into wick type, pot type, vaporization type, etc., which vaporize the fuel and burn it, and pressure spray type, rotary atomization type, etc., which burn fuel particles. There is something.
However, the former has a complicated structure because the fuel must be vaporized, and there are also problems such as generation of tar in the vaporizing section, and the fuel is naturally limited to light oil. Also, large combustion amount (more than 10000Kcal/h)
It was unsuitable for me. In addition, although the latter has a relatively simple structure, its combustion characteristics are not good, the variable range of combustion amount is small, and the combustion amount is small (10,000 Kcal/h or less).
It was unsuitable for me. Furthermore, there is another combustion method that uses ultrasonic vibrations to atomize and burn fuel, although it has not yet been put to practical use. FIG. 5 shows an example of this ultrasonic vibration type combustion device, and 31 is a horn that can also be called the main body;
32 is a vibrator for ultrasonic vibration of this horn;
3 is a fuel supply passage that passes through the horn 31 and opens at its tip. This combustion device has a oscillator 32
The tip of the horn 31 is vibrating ultrasonically due to the vibration of the horn 31, and the liquid fuel that has reached the tip of the horn via the fuel supply path 33 is turned into fine particles by the vibration caused by the ultrasonic vibration of the horn 31, and is sent to the front of the horn. scatter. In this method, the particle size distribution is wide, ranging from small to large particles. In addition, since the fuel supply passage 33 itself is also vibrating, the fuel supply passage 33 is also vibrating.
Cavitation phenomenon may occur within 3 and bubbles may be generated, causing the spray to be interrupted or stopped. From the above points, there were many disadvantageous conditions for a combustion device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional art, and aims to provide an extremely simple structure, excellent combustion characteristics, and extremely easy adjustment of combustion amount over a wide range. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid fuel combustion device that can perform stable combustion.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a box forming an air chamber 2 and a combustion chamber 3, and a blower device 4 is attached to the inlet of the box. A portion of the combustion air sent into the air chamber 2 passes through the swirler 5 to become a swirling flow, is mixed with fuel spray, and is sent to the combustion chamber inlet 6, and a portion passes through the secondary air port 7 and enters the combustion chamber. 3 as secondary air. On the other hand, the liquid fuel is sent to the electronic atomizer 9 through the oil feed pipe 8 . The fuel is first sent from the oil pipe 8 to the fuel supply port 10, enters the pressure chamber 11, and when alternating power is applied to the electric vibrator 12, the diaphragm 13 bends and vibrates, applying pressure to the liquid fuel inside the pressure chamber 11. Nozzle section 14 provided at one end of pressure chamber 11
More sprayed. The atomized liquid fuel is mixed with the swirling air flow that has passed through the swirler 5 and reaches the combustion chamber 3 through the combustion chamber inlet 6. The mixture of fuel and air sent to the combustion chamber 3 is ignited by an ignition device 15, the flow is disturbed by a flame stabilizer 16, and the flame is brought into close contact with the flame stabilizer 16 by the generation of a vortex, so that it becomes a stable flame 17 and burns. 18 is a flame detection device.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic atomization device, where 19 is a base having a horn-shaped pressure chamber 11, and the pressure chamber 11 is filled with liquid fuel sent from the fuel supply port 10 to the fuel supply chamber 20. . At this time, the air inside the pressure chamber 11 is pushed out through the exhaust port 21. The electric vibrator 12 is a piezo vibrator 1
When an alternating power such as a pulse wave or an alternating current is supplied between the diaphragm 13 and the electrode 12b, the piezo oscillator 12a repeatedly expands and contracts in the radial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2). 13 performs deflection vibration in the left-right direction in the figure. When the diaphragm 13 is bent in the direction of the nozzle 14, the other end opening of the pressure chamber 11 facing the diaphragm 13 is closed by the nozzle 14, so that the pressure of the fuel in the pressure chamber 11 increases. Become. Since the pressure chamber 11 has a horn shape, the pressure of the liquid generated by the flexural vibration is transmitted through the nozzle portion 1 where the horn becomes narrower.
4, the pressure becomes extremely high, and the particles are atomized and sprayed from the nozzle hole 14a. Furthermore, when the diaphragm 13 bends in the opposite direction to the nozzle 14 side, due to the balance between the surface tension and the liquid level height in the nozzle hole 14a, pressure is applied so that it is restored by the amount ejected from the nozzle hole 14a, and negative pressure is applied. When this happens, no air enters from the nozzle hole 14a, and fuel is replenished from the fuel supply chamber 20. The above movements are repeated,
Intermittent atomization is achieved. Since the atomized fuel is pressurized in the pressure chamber as described above, it is ejected vigorously and its spray pattern is relatively constant and stable. Here, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle 14 is shaped like an arc (or a cone) and is provided with a plurality of nozzle holes 14a, so that the spray angle of the fuel sprayed from the nozzle 14 is wide. . Therefore, the mixture with air becomes very good, and stable combustion occurs. Figure 3 a and b are nozzle 1
In the other embodiments of No. 4, all of them are formed into a substantially conical shape, and the same effects as those shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained. Also, the arc (or cone) of the nozzle 14
The arcuate (or conical) protruding portion 14b has a diameter r smaller than the diameter R of the opening of the pressure chamber 11. Therefore, even if the nozzle 14 is attached to the base 19 somewhat roughly, the protrusion 14b will always be located at the opening of the pressure chamber 11, and a part of it will be located at the opening of the pressure chamber 11.
For example, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, there will be no gap t between the opening edge of the base 19 and the base 19, which will cause poor spraying. That is, there is no need to be careful about attaching the nozzle 14, and the nozzle can be attached simply and easily, and at the same time, good spraying can be achieved. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the pressure chamber 11 is horn-shaped, but it does not necessarily have to have such a shape; for example, it may be step-shaped as shown in FIG. . That is, in the case of a configuration in which the nozzle hole 14a and the electric vibrator 12 are provided facing each other with respect to the pressure chamber 11 as in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the nozzle hole 14a
More efficient spraying can be achieved by making the cross-sectional area of the pressure chamber on the side smaller than the cross-sectional area on the electric vibrator 12 side. Of course, such a shape of the pressure chamber is not necessarily required, and many other shapes are possible. Further, the configuration for exciting the liquid with an electric vibrator is not limited to this embodiment, and various embodiments are possible. The fuel sprayed as described above obtains combustion air from the blower device 4,
It is ignited by the ignition device 15 and combusts.

In this embodiment, the air from the blower 4 is divided into primary air that passes through the swirler 5 and secondary air that passes through the through holes 7 of the partition plate 7a. The mixing condition becomes good and combustion becomes stable. Furthermore, since the electronic atomizer 9 is placed in the air chamber 2, it is constantly cooled during combustion, and the oscillator 12, base body 19, pressure chamber 11
The temperature rise of the fuel inside, the nozzle 14, etc. is moderated.

In addition, the primary air supplied from the blower is given a swirl by the swirler 5, so that the nozzle 1
It mixes efficiently with the sprayed fuel from step 4 and has good fuel properties. Further, since a flame stabilizer 16 is provided downstream of the nozzle 14, there is an advantage that a stable flame without lift etc. can be obtained.

In addition, in the above explanation, the swirler 5, the secondary air port 7,
Although the description has been made with the flame stabilizer 16 and the like provided, these may be omitted and the combustion device can sufficiently exhibit its performance.

Because of the above configuration, it is possible to create a combustion device with a much simpler configuration than conventional ones, and the amount of spray (combustion amount) can be easily adjusted by simply controlling the voltage or frequency applied to the vibrator 12. can be adjusted. In addition, since extremely small particles can be created, the combustion characteristics are better than conventional ones, such as stable combustion even with a small combustion amount. By setting, you can freely set the combustion amount from large capacity to small capacity. Furthermore, since there is no fuel vaporization section, there are no problems such as generation of tar, and the range of fuel application is wide.

As described above, according to the present invention, a pressure chamber is filled with liquid fuel, a nozzle hole is made to face the pressure chamber, and the liquid fuel in the pressure chamber is vibrated by an electric vibrator to be sprayed, Since the structure is provided with a blower device that sends combustion air into the fuel sprayed from the nozzle hole and an ignition device, the structure is extremely simple, but the combustion characteristics are excellent, and the combustion amount can be easily adjusted over a wide range. It is possible to provide a liquid fuel combustion device that can burn fuel efficiently and stably.In addition, since the nozzle is formed into a substantially circular arc or cone shape and has a plurality of nozzle holes, it is possible to provide a liquid fuel combustion device that can burn the atomized fuel and the air in a stable manner. In addition, the approximately arcuate (or conical) portion of the nozzle is located approximately in the center of the nozzle, and the fuel condition is good and stable over a wide range. The nozzle is set smaller than the opening diameter of the pressure chamber and is located approximately in the center of the opening of the pressure chamber, making installation of the nozzle simple and easy.
Its industrial value is extremely great, as it improves productivity and maintains good spray performance without any spray defects due to improper nozzle attachment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an electronic atomizer, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the nozzle shape, Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional atomizer using ultrasonic vibration, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view of an atomizer using conventional ultrasonic vibration. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an ultrasonic vibration type combustion device. 4...Blower, 5...Swirl device, 6...Combustion chamber inlet, 7...Secondary air port, 9...Electronic atomization device,
10... Fuel supply port, 11... Pressure chamber, 12...
Electric vibrator, 14... Nozzle, 14a... Nozzle hole, 15... Ignition device, 16... Flame holder, 18
... Flame detection device, 19 ... Base, 22 ... Cartridge tank, 23 ... Fixed tank.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A base body having a pressure chamber filled with liquid fuel, a nozzle having a desired nozzle hole in the pressure chamber and attached to the base body, and electricity for exciting the liquid fuel in the pressure chamber. a combustion air blower for supplying combustion air into the atomized fuel sprayed from the nozzle hole, and an ignition device for igniting the atomized fuel; forming a substantially arc-shaped or substantially conical protrusion protruding toward the downstream side, and providing at least two or more nozzle holes in this protrusion,
A liquid fuel combustion device characterized in that the protruding portion is formed to be smaller than the opening diameter of the pressure chamber to which the nozzle is attached, and is located approximately at the center of the opening of the pressure chamber. 2. The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, wherein at least of the base, nozzle, and vibrator constituting the pressure chamber is provided in a ventilation system path from a combustion air blower. . 3. The liquid fuel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the combustion air blower comprises a blower and a swirler that swirls the air from the blower on the upstream side of the nozzle of the pressure chamber. Combustion device. 4. Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the air blowing system path of the combustion air blowing device is divided into a primary air flow and a secondary air flow on the upstream side of the nozzle of the pressurizing chamber. The liquid fuel combustion device according to any one of the items. 5. Any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a flame stabilizer that causes turbulence in the flow of the mixture of fuel particles and air is provided at the entrance of the combustion chamber. liquid fuel combustion equipment.