JPH0429208Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention generally relates to a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic atomizer suitable for combustors such as boilers, water heaters, dryers, and gas turbines. Regarding a combustor with an atomizer.

BACKGROUND ART Generally, in a combustor such as a boiler, water heater, or gas turbine equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer, the ultrasonic atomizer is configured within the combustion chamber housing of the combustor. The atomizing region of a vibrator horn serving as an ultrasonic fuel atomizing member is brought into view, and the vibrator horn is ultrasonically vibrated by ultrasonic vibration generating means such as a high frequency oscillator, thereby supplying the atomizing region to the atomizing region. liquid fuel is formed into a fuel spray, which is then directed into the combustion chamber housing.
The above-mentioned vibrator horn, for example, is related to a patent application or a utility model registration application already filed by the present applicant, and the diameter of the vibrator horn gradually increases as it approaches the tip of the vibrator horn, which is the atomization area. A so-called enlarged-diameter vibrator horn having the maximum diameter, a so-called stepped type vibrator horn having a plurality of edge portions formed in the atomization region, etc. are suitably used. Incidentally, by causing the vibrator horn configured as described above to vibrate ultrasonically using an ultrasonic vibration generating means, it is possible to obtain fuel spray with extremely fine particle size from the vibrator horn. Since the spray itself has only a small kinetic energy, the kinetic energy of the fuel spray itself is insufficient to form a mixture with an appropriate mixing ratio by mixing the fuel spray with the introduced outside air. Therefore, it was not possible to perform high-load combustion in the combustor or to perform combustion with a short flame and no soot generation.

Therefore, in view of this fact, a swirling flow generating means such as a stirrer, which generates a swirling flow in the combustion air introduced from the outside, is provided in the combustor main body, and By passing combustion air introduced from the outside through the combustion air, a swirling flow is generated in the combustion air, and this swirling flow forms an air-fuel mixture with an appropriate mixing ratio with the fuel spray. A number of proposals were made.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the case of a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer having the above-mentioned configuration, a disruptor serving as a means for generating a swirling flow must be disposed within the combustor main body. The problem was that the structure of the combustor became complicated and it had to be larger. Furthermore, depending on the position of the disruptor within the combustor body, there have been problems such as fuel dripping or soot depositing within the combustor or adhering to the combustor wall.

In order to eliminate such problems, the present inventors generated a swirling flow in the combustion air introduced into the combustor main body, and the swirling flow caused the above-mentioned An ultrasonic atomizer provided with a communication mechanism that communicates the outside air introduction part and the combustion chamber housing so that fuel spray generated by an ultrasonic vibrator horn can be sent into the combustion chamber housing. This led us to propose a combustor with a combustor.

When we experimented with a prototype combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer configured as described above, we found that the combustion air introduced into the combustor main body passes through the communication mechanism and flows into the combustion chamber housing. At this time, a strong swirling flow is created, and this strong swirling flow reliably transports the fuel spray to the location of the ignition means such as the spark plug inside the combustion chamber housing, thereby preventing fuel dripping and eliminating soot. Good combustion conditions with very little generation were achieved. However, it has been found that when the swirling flow described above flows into the combustion chamber housing, a long flame is formed on the central axis of the combustion chamber housing due to the swirling flow.
Therefore, the present inventors further improved the combustor with the ultrasonic atomization device configured as described above, and through this improvement, they were able to develop a device that can suppress the generation of the long flame. Ta.

The present invention is based on such technical results.

Purpose Therefore, the present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned facts, and its purpose is to prevent fuel dripping or soot from accumulating in the combustor or adhering to the combustor wall surface, etc. Not only does it not cause problems such as flames, but it also suppresses the generation of long flames in the combustion chamber housing without complicating the internal structure of the combustor, thereby making the combustor even more compact. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer that can achieve even higher load combustion.

Means for Solving the Problems The above object is achieved by a combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer according to the present invention. In summary, the present invention provides a combustor main body housing having a combustion chamber housing and an outside air introduction part that is adjacent to the combustion chamber housing and introduces outside air into the combustion chamber housing; In a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer, the ultrasonic atomizer includes an ultrasonic fuel atomizer facing an ultrasonic fuel atomizer that atomizes the supplied liquid fuel by ultrasonic vibration,
A swirling flow of the outside air introduced into the outside air introduction portion is generated in the combustor main body housing, and the swirling flow causes fuel spray generated by the ultrasonic fuel atomization member to be sent into the combustion chamber housing. A communication mechanism is provided to communicate the outside air introduction part and the combustion chamber housing, and the combustion gas flowing in the combustion chamber housing by the swirling flow is received in the combustion chamber housing. The present invention is a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer, characterized in that a combustion gas diffusion mechanism is provided to diffuse the combustion gas in the swirling flow.

Embodiment Hereinafter, a combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer according to an embodiment of the present invention. The outline of a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer according to an embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG.
and an outer wall surface of the combustion chamber housing 30 that partially surrounds the outer periphery of the combustion chamber housing 30 and is surrounded by the combustion chamber space defined by the combustion chamber housing 30. a combustor body housing consisting of a blower tube 1 forming an outside air introduction section 20 for introducing outside air into the combustion chamber;
A blower 2 that communicates with the air blower and sends combustion air into the blower tube 1, and an ultrasonic vibrator horn 6 that faces into the combustion chamber housing 30 through the blower tube 1. It consists of a conversion device. To explain in more detail the configuration of the combustor equipped with the ultrasonic atomizer described above, the combustion chamber housing 30 and the blower tube 1 both have a cylindrical shape when viewed from the back side in FIG. It is located in The combustion chamber housing 30
The cross section is approximately U-shaped, and the tip (first
The combustion chamber space is formed by having a large diameter in the middle of the section from the right side in the figure to the innermost part (the left side in Fig. 1), and a small diameter in the remaining section. Ignition means, that is, spark plugs 10, 10 are disposed and fixed in the combustion chamber space set to have a small diameter on the inner inner side of the combustion chamber housing 30 in close proximity to the inner inner side so as to face each other. ing. A member constituting the combustion chamber housing 30 is bent approximately vertically at a portion corresponding to the tips of the spark plugs 10, 10 in the innermost part and communicates with the outside air introduction part 20, so that fuel spray and combustion occur. A mixture guide hole 22 is formed to guide the mixture with the air for use toward the spark plugs 10, 10. The spark plugs 10, 10 are each connected to an ignition transformer 11 via wiring, and the ignition transformer 1
The air-fuel mixture fed through the air-fuel mixture guide hole 22 is ignited by receiving the high voltage power for ignition boosted at step 1. The upper part of the above-mentioned blower tube 1 communicates with the above-mentioned blower 2.
A blow pipe 21 for blowing the combustion air sent by the air to the outside air introduction section 20 is open, and a portion corresponding to a portion of the blow tube 1 where the mixture guide hole 22 is formed. A base portion 5 of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6 is attached to the ultrasonic transducer horn 6 with its tip facing the air-fuel mixture guide hole 22 .
As is clear with reference to FIG. 2, the opening of the blow tube 21 is formed around the circumference of the blow tube 1 in order to make the air swirl flow generated by the air swirl nozzle 9, which will be described later, more powerful. It is provided eccentrically in the direction. The relative positional relationship between the blower tube 1, the combustion chamber housing 30, the air-fuel mixture guide hole 22, and the ultrasonic vibrator horn 6 is such that the air-fuel mixture guide hole 22, the combustion chamber housing 30 small diameter parts, blower tube 1, combustion chamber housing 3
They are arranged so as to form concentric circles in the order of the large diameter portion. The ultrasonic transducer horn 6
More specifically, an electric/acoustic exchange element 4, which together with the ultrasonic transducer horn 6 constitutes an ultrasonic atomization device, is attached to the base 5 of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6. On the other hand, the tip of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6 has a so-called expanded diameter shape that gradually becomes larger toward the tip and has a maximum diameter at the tip. The outer circumferential surface of the area serves as an atomization area that receives the supplied liquid fuel, forms a thin film of the liquid fuel, and then forms a fuel spray by ultrasonic vibration. The electric/acoustic conversion element 4 attached to the base 5 of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6 supplies high frequency power to the electric/acoustic exchange element 4, and generates ultrasonic waves together with the electric/acoustic exchange element 4. It is connected to a high frequency oscillator 12 forming a vibration generating means, and causes the ultrasonic vibrator horn 6 to vibrate ultrasonically.

Further, a fuel supply nozzle 55 is attached to the base 5 of the ultrasonic vibrator horn 6 described above, and the opening axis thereof is set toward the atomization area of the ultrasonic vibrator horn 6. The fuel supply nozzle 55
is connected to a fuel pump 7 via a fuel supply pipe 8, and receives the liquid fuel flowing through the fuel supply pipe 8 by driving the fuel pump 7, and causes the ultrasonic vibrator horn 6 to It is adapted to supply the atomization area.

According to the present invention, a swirling flow is generated in the combustion air introduced into the outside air introduction part 20 in the combustor main body, and the swirling flow causes the atomization region of the ultrasonic vibrator horn 6 to be generated. A communication mechanism, that is, an air swirling mechanism that communicates the outside air introduction part 20 and the combustion chamber space so that the fuel spray generated by the combustion chamber housing 30 can be sent into the combustion chamber space formed by the combustion chamber housing 30. A nozzle 9 is provided in a small diameter portion of the combustion chamber housing 30, and a nozzle 9 is provided in the combustion chamber housing 30 to receive the combustion gas swirling inside the combustion chamber housing 30 due to the swirling flow. A combustion gas diffusion mechanism, ie, an internal housing 13 for diffusing combustion gas, and a lid 14 for closing an opening of the internal housing 13 are provided.

In this embodiment, the air swirl nozzle 9
Four air swirling nozzles 9 are arranged at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber housing 30, as shown by broken lines in FIG. It is set to coincide with the tangential direction of the wall surface of the chamber housing 30. Further, in this embodiment, the combustion gas diffusion mechanism described above is provided within the large diameter portion forming the combustion chamber housing 30, and the internal housing 13 forming the combustion gas diffusion mechanism is provided within the combustion chamber housing 30. The cover body 14, which forms a combustion gas diffusion mechanism together with the internal housing 13, has a dogleg-shaped cross section. The inner housing 13 is formed in
The opening opening in the moving direction of the swirling flow of the combustion gas is closed. The internal housing 13 and the lid body 14 cooperate to direct the combustion gas swirling and flowing inside the internal housing 13 through the many holes into the internal housing 1 as shown in the figure.
3. It flows out to the outside and causes it to diffuse and burn. Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a refractory material is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the large diameter portion of the combustion chamber housing 30, that is, on the inner circumferential surface of the portion of the combustion chamber housing 30 that faces the internal housing 13. 3 is disposed, and the refractory material 3 is heated to a high temperature by the combustion gas flowing out from the internal housing 13.
This contributes to stabilization of combustion and completion of combustion within the combustion chamber housing 30.

In the combustor with the ultrasonic atomizer configured as described above, the combustion air sent from the blower 2 to the outside air introduction part 20 via the blow pipe 21 is
As shown by arrows in the figure, a part of the air flows toward the air swirling nozzle 9, and the rest flows toward the air-fuel mixture guide hole 22 along the base 5 of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6. The air that has flowed in the direction of the base 5 of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6 described above moves along the base of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6 toward the atomization region of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6, and the air flows toward the atomization area of the ultrasonic transducer horn 6. The mixture flows into the combustion chamber housing 30 while mixing with the fuel spray generated in the atomization region of the sonic vibrator horn 6 to form an air-fuel mixture having an appropriate mixing ratio. On the other hand, from the air swirl nozzle 9 to the combustion chamber housing 3
The air flowing into the air swirling nozzle 9
When passing through the air-fuel mixture, it becomes a strong swirling flow and flows into the combustion chamber housing 30, and due to the kinetic energy of this swirling flow, the air-fuel mixture flows into the combustion chamber housing 30 through the air-fuel mixture guide hole 22. is conveyed in the direction of the spark plugs 10, 10.

By the way, the present inventors installed the internal housing 13 and the lid body 1 in the large diameter part of the combustion chamber housing 30.
When a combustion experiment was conducted in a conventional combustor that was not equipped with a The flame moves inside the combustion chamber housing 30 from the innermost side of the combustion chamber housing 30 toward the tip side, and due to this swirling flow, a long flame with a length of about several hundred millimeters is moved inside the combustion chamber housing 30. It was found that it is formed on the central axis. Therefore, in order to suppress the occurrence of this long flame, the inventors of the present invention have designed the inner housing 13 and the lid body 1 to have the structure shown in FIG. 1.
A combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer is provided, in which a combustion gas diffusion mechanism consisting of 4 is disposed in a large diameter part of the combustion chamber housing 30, and a refractory material 3 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter part of the combustion chamber housing 30. As a result of making a prototype and conducting a combustion experiment using this prototype device, it was found that as shown in FIG. Since the combustion gas is dispersed and flows out of the inner housing 13 through the many holes described above, a long flame with a length of several hundred millimeters as in the conventional case is not generated. Since the refractory material 3 is heated to a high temperature by the combustion gas flowing out of the internal housing 13, not only can combustion be completed within the combustion chamber housing 30, but also combustion can be stabilized and increased. It has also become possible to achieve load combustion.

As explained above, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the structure can be simplified, the flame holding property and stability are good, and there is no short flame, no high load, and no soot generation. It has become possible to obtain a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer. Furthermore, because short flame and high-load combustion are now possible, there is no longer a restriction on reducing the size of the combustion chamber housing due to flame size restrictions as in conventional combustors. It has also become possible to achieve further miniaturization.

Effects of the invention As explained above, according to the invention, problems such as combustion dripping, soot accumulation in the combustor, or adhesion to the combustor wall, etc. do not occur, and the combustion The generation of long flames within the combustion chamber housing can be suppressed without complicating the internal structure of the combustor, making it possible to further downsize the combustor as a whole and reduce the burden on even higher loads. It is possible to provide a combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer that can also achieve combustion.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial side view showing the configuration of a combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer according to an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Blower tube, 3...Refractory material, 6...Ultrasonic vibrator horn, 9...Air swirl nozzle, 13...Inner housing, 14...Lid body, 20...Outside air introduction part, 30... Combustion chamber housing.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] 1. A combustor main body housing having a combustion chamber housing and an outside air introduction part that is adjacent to the combustion chamber housing and introduces outside air into the combustion chamber housing; an ultrasonic atomization device in which an ultrasonic fuel atomization member for atomizing supplied liquid fuel by ultrasonic vibration is exposed in a housing; and an ultrasonic atomization device in the combustor body housing; In a combustor equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer, the combustor is equipped with an ignition means that is arranged adjacent to the ultrasonic atomizer and ignites the liquid fuel atomized by the ultrasonic atomizer to produce combustion gas. A swirling flow is generated in the outside air that is formed and introduced into the outside air introduction portion, and the swirling flow allows the fuel spray generated by the ultrasonic fuel atomization member to be sent into the combustion chamber housing. a communication mechanism that communicates the outside air introduction part with the combustion chamber housing; a communication mechanism that receives the combustion gas flowing in the combustion chamber housing by the swirling flow into the combustion chamber housing; a combustion gas diffusion mechanism for diffusing combustion gas; the combustion gas diffusion mechanism includes an internal housing including a porous member extending in a direction of movement of the swirling flow of the combustion gas following the combustion chamber housing; and a lid body that closes an opening of the internal housing that is open in the direction of movement of the swirling flow of the combustion gas, and the combustion gas flowing swirling inside the internal housing flows through the large number of holes. A combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer, characterized in that the combustor is diffused by flowing out from the inner housing. 2. The ultrasonic atomizer according to claim 1 of the registered utility model, characterized in that a refractory material is disposed inside a portion of the combustion chamber housing that faces the internal housing. combustor. 3. The combustion chamber housing and the combustor body housing both have a cylindrical shape and are arranged concentrically, and the communication mechanism includes a plurality of communication mechanisms arranged at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber housing. A utility model registration claim characterized in that the air swirling nozzles are arranged such that each of the air swirling nozzles is set such that the axial direction of each of the air swirling nozzles coincides with the tangential direction of the wall surface of the combustion chamber housing. A combustor with an ultrasonic atomizer according to item 1 or 2.