JPS6325160B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a shield excavator, and more particularly to a shield excavator that facilitates the treatment of large-diameter gravel mixed in excavated soil.

[Prior Art] Generally, a shield tunneling machine is equipped with a rotatable cutter face plate at the front end of a cylindrical shield frame.
A cutter chamber is formed on the back side of the cutter face plate to receive excavated soil cut from the ground side. By the way, in the case of such a conventional earth pressure shield, a screw conveyor for discharging excavated earth and sand from the axis of the cutter chamber is simply provided. For this reason, when a gravel layer is excavated, if large-diameter gravel larger than the inner diameter of the screw conveyor is taken into the cutter chamber, there is a problem in that soil removal becomes difficult. In order to solve this problem, it is possible to use a screw conveyor with a larger diameter, but this has a limit on the space inside the machine, necessitates an increase in the size of the shield excavator, and also prevents the large-diameter gravel that is rarely produced. Increasing the size for this purpose was disadvantageous both economically and in terms of workability.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] Therefore, in the past, when a large-diameter gravel was hit or when a large-diameter gravel was taken into the cutter chamber, a face chemical was first applied to prevent the face from collapsing. After that, the screw conveyor was removed and workers entered the cutter room or went out to the face to manually remove large-diameter gravel. Therefore, the removal work was not only large-scale and dangerous, but also required the excavation work to be temporarily suspended, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency and cost reduction.

The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to easily remove large-diameter gravel taken into the cutter chamber without removing the screw conveyor, thereby improving work efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator capable of improving safety, increasing safety, and increasing costs.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cutter face plate rotatably supported to excavate the ground side and cut out the excavated soil on the back side thereof, and a cutter face plate of the cutter face plate. In a shield excavator having a cutter chamber provided in the back part for introducing excavated earth and sand,
A large-diameter gravel storage hopper is provided at the shaft core in the cutter chamber and has an entrance that can be opened and closed at the top, and is connected to the ground side that can be opened and closed at the bottom of the cutter chamber to discharge excavated earth and sand. a screw conveyor, a scraper for sorting and scraping large-diameter gravel taken into the cutter chamber by the rotational force of the cutter face plate into the large-diameter gravel storage hopper, and a cutter of the large-diameter gravel storage hopper. A screw conveyor is installed between an outlet that can be opened and closed to the outside and an auxiliary entrance that can be opened and closed provided in the middle of the screw conveyor, and is used to transport the earth and sand in the large-diameter gravel storage hopper to the screw conveyor. It is equipped with a chute for guiding the inside.

[Operation] When large-diameter gravel is taken into the cutter chamber, the large-diameter gravel is stored in the large-diameter gravel storage hopper by the scraper. Since excavated soil is stored in the hopper along with large-diameter gravel, when removing large-diameter gravel from the hopper, close the hopper entrance and the discharge port of the cutter chamber, and close the hopper outlet and the screw conveyor. The loading port is opened and the earth and sand are first discharged from the hopper into the screw conveyor using a chute. This makes it possible to remove earth and sand from inside the hopper, making it possible to easily take out large-diameter gravel from inside the hopper.

[Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a cylindrical shield frame of a shield tunneling machine, 2 is a cutter face plate rotatably supported at the front end of the shield frame 1, 3 is a segment assembled in an excavation shaft 4, and 5 is a propulsion shield. It's a joke. The cutter face plate 2 is formed with a cutter (not shown) for excavating the ground, and a slit 6 for cutting out the excavated earth and sand on the back side of the cutter face plate 2, and as shown in FIG. A large-diameter gravel inlet 7 for introducing large-diameter gravel is provided in series. A cutter chamber 8 for temporarily storing excavated earth and sand is provided on the back side of the cutter face plate 2, and the shield frame 1 and the cutter face plate 2
and a bulkhead 9. In addition, the bulkhead 9 is the shield frame 1.
Inside is the cutter chamber 8 at the front and the work space section 10 at the rear.
A large-diameter gravel storage hopper (referred to as the lower hopper) 11 is located in the center of the cutter chamber 8.
It is integrally located at the axial center of the

The hopper 11 has an entrance 12 that opens facing above the cutter chamber 8 and an exit 13 that opens facing the work space 10.The entrance 12 has an entrance gate 14, and the exit 13 has a lid 15. Each of them is provided so as to be openable and closable (see Fig. 3). The entrance gate 14 is slidably engaged with a gate guide groove 16 formed at the entrance 12 of the hopper 11, as shown in FIG. 4, and is supported so as to pass through the bulkhead 9. A gate packing 17 for water shutoff is provided in the penetrating portion of the bulkhead 9. Further, a jack 18 for driving the entrance gate 14 to open and close is connected to a portion of the entrance gate 14 extending into the work space 10.

On the other hand, the lid 15 is attached to the hopper 11 via a hinge 19, and in the closed position is locked by a locking device (not shown) so that it will not open due to earth pressure.

Shield frame 1 in front of bulkhead 9
A flange portion 20 is formed on the inner circumferential wall, and between this flange portion 20 and the hopper 11, an annular base plate 21 forming a support portion of the cutter face plate 2 is provided with a bearing 2.
2 and 23, and a ring-shaped gear 24 is concentrically and integrally provided on this base plate 21. This gear 24 has a driving gear 26 of a motor 25 fixed to the bulkhead 9.
are in mesh with each other, and are configured to rotate the cutter face plate 2. The cutter face plate 2 is fixed to the base plate 21 via a plurality of frames 27, and a scraper 28 extending radially outward is integrally formed on the frame 27. These scrapers 28 rotate along the inner peripheral wall of the shield frame 1 without contacting it due to the rotational force of the cutter face plate 2, and the large-diameter gravel taken into the cutter chamber 8 is sorted and scraped by the hopper 11. It is configured to contain.

As a means for discharging the excavated earth and sand stored in the cutter chamber 8, a discharge port 29 is formed in the lower part of the cutter chamber 8 and opens toward the work space 10.
0 carry-in ends are removably connected.

Specifically, the discharge port 29 is formed in a gate block 31 formed across the bulkhead and the flange portion 20, and this gate block 31 is provided with an exit gate 32 for opening and closing the discharge port 29. It is being The exit gates 32 are double-opening slide gates, and as shown in FIG. 5, a jack 33 for opening and closing the exit gates 32 is connected to a portion of each exit gate 32 extending into the work space 10. Also, gate block 3
A gate gasket 34 for shutting off water is provided at the penetrating portion of the exit gate 32 at 1.

The screw conveyor 30 is arranged with its output end facing the excavation shaft 4 side, and an auxiliary loading port 35 is formed on the loading end side, and the auxiliary loading port 35 and the outlet 13 of the hopper 11 are connected to each other. A chute 36 having a cross-sectional shape is stretched between the two for transporting the excavated earth and sand from the hopper 11 to the screw conveyor 30. Further, the auxiliary entrance 35 is provided with a sliding auxiliary gate 37 for opening and closing it, and a jack 38 is connected to the auxiliary gate 37 for driving the opening and closing. In addition, 3
Reference numerals 9 and 40 indicate liquid injection pipes for injecting a viscous agent into the face and the cutter chamber.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

In operating conditions where large-diameter gravel does not appear, Hoppa 11
The inlet gate 12 and lid 15 of the screw conveyor 30 and the auxiliary gate 37 of the screw conveyor 30 are in the closed position, and the outlet gate 32 of the discharge port 29 is in the open position. Therefore, the excavated earth and sand cut into the cutter chamber 8 through the slit 6 by the rotation of the cutter face plate 2 is continuously discharged from the discharge port 29 to the excavation shaft 4 side by the screw conveyor 30.

On the other hand, when large-diameter gravel is taken into the cutter chamber 8, the entrance gate 14 of the hopper 11 is opened. The fact that large-diameter gravel has been taken into the cutter chamber 8 can be determined by the rotational torque of the cutter face plate 2 or the amount of soil discharged from the screw conveyor 30. The large-diameter gravel taken into the cutter chamber 8 moves downward by itself together with the excavated soil, but since the scraper 28 is rotating in the cutter chamber 8, the large-diameter gravel is removed from the excavated soil by the scraper 28. can be sorted and scooped up and dropped into the hopper 11 with the inlet 12 open.

Once the large-diameter gravel has been accommodated in the hopper 11, the inlet gate 14 and the outlet gate 32 of the discharge port 29 are closed, and the lid 15 of the hopper 11 and the auxiliary gate 37 of the screw conveyor 30 are opened. First, the earth and sand taken into the hopper 11 are scraped out by hand and carried through the chute 36 to the auxiliary entrance 35 of the screw conveyor 30, and after removing the earth and sand from inside the hopper 11, large-diameter gravel is removed. Extract. like this,
The earth and sand taken into the hopper 11 can be efficiently carried out using the screw conveyor 30, and the earth and sand taken into the hopper 11 can be carried out with the help of the screw conveyor 30 by the chute 36 which is open at the top. It is possible to efficiently carry the product into the carry-in port 35. During this large-diameter gravel extraction work, hopper 1
1 and the outlet 29 of the cutter chamber 8 are closed by the inlet gate 14 and the outlet gate 32, respectively, so that the earth pressure in the cutter chamber 8 can be maintained and the risk of face collapse is reduced. In addition, when removing large-diameter gravel, after finishing discharging the earth and sand from the hopper 11, immediately close the auxiliary gate 37 of the screw conveyor 30 and open the exit gate 32 of the discharge port 29. Then, the earth removal work can be started, and in parallel with this, large-diameter gravel can be extracted from the inside of the hopper 11, thereby further improving work efficiency.

Note that since the screw conveyor 30 is removable from the discharge port 29, maintenance of the screw conveyor 30 can be easily performed by closing the exit gate 32 and removing the screw conveyor 30.

[Effects of the Invention] In summary, the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

(1) The large-diameter gravel taken into the cutter chamber can be taken out from the large-diameter gravel storage hopper without passing through the screw conveyor. Therefore, when processing large-diameter gravel, there is no need to remove the screw conveyor or inject chemicals. Large-diameter gravel can be processed easily and safely, and excavation work is not interrupted, improving work efficiency. This significantly improves safety, increases safety, and reduces costs.

(2) In particular, since the earth and sand stored in the hopper together with large-diameter gravel can be discharged into the screw conveyor by a chute, it is easy to dispose of the earth and sand in the hopper, and only large-diameter gravel can be removed from the hopper. can be easily taken out.

(3) Furthermore, since the screw conveyor can be used exclusively for earth and sand and can be made smaller in diameter, it is extremely advantageous in terms of space inside the machine and economy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the shield excavator, Fig. 2 is a front view of the cutter face plate, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the large-diameter gravel storage hopper. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the discharge port portion. In the figure, 2 is the cutter face plate, 8 is the cutter chamber, 1
1 is a large-diameter gravel receiving hopper, 12 is an inlet thereof, 13 is an outlet thereof, 28 is a scraper, 29 is a discharge port, 30 is a screw conveyor, 35 is an auxiliary entrance, and 36 is a chute.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A shield excavation having a cutter face plate rotatably supported to excavate the ground side and cut out the excavated earth and sand on the back side thereof, and a cutter chamber provided on the back side of the cutter face plate to introduce the excavated earth and sand. In the machine, a large-diameter gravel storage hopper is installed at the shaft core in the cutter chamber and has an inlet that can be opened and closed at the top, and is connected to a discharge port that can be opened and closed at the bottom of the cutter chamber to remove excavated soil. a screw conveyor for discharging, a scraper for sorting and scraping the large diameter gravel taken into the cutter chamber by the rotational force of the cutter face plate into the large diameter gravel storage hopper, and the large diameter gravel storage. It is interposed between the openable and closable outlet provided in the hopper and open to the outside of the cutter room, and the openable and closable auxiliary entrance provided in the middle of the screw conveyor. A shield excavator characterized by comprising a chute for guiding the screw into a conveyor.