JPS63248854A - Curable asphalt composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled composition having excellent adhesiveness to aggregate and structural material, providing a coating film free from swelling and blister and crack, suitable for waterproofing construction with excellent operation efficiency, by blending aqueous asphalt emulsion containing an anionic surface active agent with a cationic surface active agent. CONSTITUTION:100pts.wt. asphalt emulsion which is emulsified with an anionic surface active agent (e.g. higher fatty acid alkali metallic salt), has 50-70wt.% asphalt content and 40-60 penetration is blended with 0.5-5pts.wt. cationic surface active agent [e.g. compound shown by formula I or formula II (R is higher alkyl)].

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel curable asphalt composition. More specifically, the present invention can improve work efficiency in construction work such as waterproofing work and floor mastic work, has good adhesion to aggregates and structures, and has fewer defects such as blisters and cracks. The present invention relates to a curable asphalt composition capable of providing an asphalt coating.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Asphalt is a water-based emulsion that is widely used as a road paving material, a sealing material for waterproofing work, and an anti-corrosion paint. Cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, etc. are used as emulsifiers when preparing this aqueous asphalt emulsion, but among these, they are inexpensive and have the highest emulsifying power. Anionic surfactants are the most commonly used because of their large size.

However, asphalt emulsion emulsified using this anionic surfactant has a low adhesion force to aggregates and structural materials because the charge on the asphalt particles is the same as the surface charge on aggregates and structural materials, and due to charge neutralization. It has the disadvantage that the emulsified state is broken slowly and hardening is difficult to occur, and it also causes blisters and cracks when thickly applied, and is easily re-emulsified, causing water leakage and paint film damage.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention improves the drawbacks of the most commonly used aqueous asphalt emulsion emulsified with anionic surfactants, and provides an excellent solution for aggregates and structural materials. The object of this invention is to provide an asphalt composition that has adhesive properties, can provide a coating film free of blisters and racks, and has good work efficiency.

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive research to improve the drawbacks of conventional aqueous asphalt emulsions containing anionic surfactants. is negatively charged, whereas in this emulsion, the surface of the asphalt particles is also negatively charged due to the presence of the anionic surfactant, so the two repel each other and reduce the adhesive force. Since both have the same kind of charge, the charges are not neutralized, and the breakage of the emulsion state is delayed and hardening is difficult to occur.Therefore, if the relationship between the charges is reversed by some means, the disadvantage will be solved. The present invention was developed based on this finding.

That is, the present invention provides a curable asphalt composition comprising 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a cationic surfactant as a curing accelerator to 100 parts by weight of an aqueous asphalt emulsion containing an anionic surfactant. This is what we provide.

The aqueous asphalt emulsion containing an anionic surfactant used as a base in the present invention is an aqueous asphalt emulsion emulsified with an anionic surfactant that has been commonly used for road paving and paints. can do. Examples of such aqueous asphalt emulsions include, as emulsifiers, higher fatty acid alkali metal salts, alkylbenzene sulfonates, linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, sulfated hydrocarbon oils, and higher alcohol sulfate ester salts. , secondary higher alcohol sulfate ester salt,
'Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate, secondary higher alcohol ethoxy sulfate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate ester salt, fatty acid alkylolamide sulfate ester salt, alkyl phosphate ester salt, etc. Mention may be made of aqueous emulsions prepared using anionic surfactants with an asphalt content of 50-70% by weight and a penetration of 40-60.

Next, examples of the cationic surfactants to be blended as a curing accelerator in the present invention include those shown below.

RN■(CH3)3・C1e R2N■(CH3), -01e (RN(CH3)2・C horse(-C1゜RNH2・CH3CO0H RNH-C, H, NH3・CH, Goon (R in the formula is high grade) Alkyl group) In the present invention, these cationic surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The cationic surfactant must be blended in an amount of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the aqueous asphalt emulsion. If this amount is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the effect of improving adhesive strength and accelerating curing will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 5 parts by weight, the pot life will be too short and the work will become difficult. Additionally, the desirable properties of the base asphalt emulsion are impaired.

The effects based on blending the curing accelerator of the present invention are explained as follows.

In other words, the aggregate surface or the surface of a structure to which asphalt is applied usually carries a negative charge, while asphalt particles emulsified with an anionic surfactant also carry a negative charge. Therefore, when construction is carried out using only the asphalt emulsion, the asphalt particles are repelled and the aggregate surface and the surface of the structure are wetted by moisture, so destruction of the emulsion due to charge neutralization cannot be expected. First, the curing speed is slow, and the adhesion to the aggregate and structures inevitably decreases.

On the other hand, by adding a cationic surfactant to the asphalt emulsion at a predetermined ratio, some of the charges on the asphalt particles are neutralized without impairing the properties of the emulsion. As a result, the original state is destroyed and water is forced out, so that the asphalt particles adhere to the aggregate surface or the surface of the structure and accelerate curing.

In addition to the above-mentioned cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant may be added to the composition of the present invention as an auxiliary component, if desired. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene polyquine propylene block polymer, Examples include polyoxyethylene fatty amines and fatty acid alkanolamides.

The amount of these nonionic surfactants to be used is appropriately selected within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention.

Furthermore, the composition of the present invention may contain various additives normally used in asphalt compositions, such as dispersants, antifoaming agents, fillers, etc., as desired, to the extent that the purpose of the present invention is not impaired. You can also.

The composition of the present invention is used, for example, in waterproofing work and floor mastication work, but usually, immediately before construction at the site,
It is prepared by uniformly mixing a predetermined asphalt emulsion, a cationic surfactant as a curing accelerator, and various additives used as desired.

The asphalt composition of the present invention prepared in this way has an extremely fast curing speed compared to one without the addition of a cationic surfactant. For example, when applied to a structure at a thickness of 5 fl for waterproofing work, the composition of the present invention
It completely cures in about 40 minutes, but it takes about 3 hours to completely cure if no cationic surfactant is added. In addition, when a mastic material is prepared using 1 part by weight of cement, 2 parts by weight of asphalt composition, 2 parts by weight of river sand, and 4 parts by weight of crushed stone (tep), and it is uniformly troweled onto the floor to a thickness of 10 fl, the In the asphalt composition using the composition of the present invention, moisture is pushed out from the surface and
It cures in 30-40 minutes, but those using asphalt compositions without added cationic surfactants require about 5 hours to cure.

Effects of the Invention The curable asphalt composition of the present invention has an extremely fast curing speed compared to conventional asphalt compositions emulsified with anionic surfactants, so construction time is shortened.
In addition to significantly increasing work efficiency, it can provide cured asphalt that has good adhesion to aggregates and structures and has few defects such as blisters and cracks, making it suitable for waterproofing work and floor mastic work, for example. used for.

In addition, in waterproofing work, etc., even if it rains immediately after construction, it will not be re-emulsified and will completely harden as it is. In this case, a water film is formed between the mastic and the trowel, which improves troweling and troweling, and construction can be completed with just one troweling, further improving work efficiency.

On the other hand, when a floor mastic is applied using an asphalt emulsion composition that does not contain a cationic surfactant, it hardens into a film from the surface of the mastic, making it difficult to trowel. , the mastic surface must be watered and troweled twice, so
Not only does it inevitably reduce construction efficiency, but it also hardens into a film from the surface, making it easy to crack, and it also has disadvantages such as poor adhesion to the flooring and being easily damaged.

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples in any way.

In addition, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants,
The following antifoaming agents and asphalt emulsions were used.

(1) Cationic surfactant (A) dioctadentrimethylammonium chloride
Nirasan cation AB) (B) Ni-hardened beef tallow alkyldimethylammonium chloride (NOF @), Nirasan cation 2-ABT) (c
): Coconut alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride [manufactured by NOF ((1), Nirasancation F2-50)
(D): Tetradecylamine acetate [NOF@], Nirasan cation MA, 1(E):
1-Hydroxyethyl-2-alkyl (hardened beef tallow) imidacillin quaternary salt [Nirasan Cation AR4, manufactured by NOF Co., Ltd. (□□□]) Nonionic surfactant (F): Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether [NOF Co., Ltd. manufactured by @), Nonion E-215 (HLB14.2)
) (G): Polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether [
Nonion NS-212 (HLB14.
1)) However): Polyoxyethylene monolaurate [NOF (
Co., Ltd., Nonion L-4 (HLB 13.1) ) (I): Sorbitan monolaurate [NOF ■), Nonion LP-2OR (HLB 8.
6)) (J): Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate [NOF Co., Ltd., Nonion 0T-221 (HLB15
．． 0 ) ) (K): Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer [manufactured by NOF@], Pronone 2o1 (ethylene oxide 10% by weight)] (3) Antifoaming agent (L): Silicone [manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical (Yanagi)] , KM-75) (
4) 7 Suphalt emulsion (asphalt emulsion emulsified with crab carboxylate-based anionic surfactant [Showa Shell Sekiyu (made of copper, FL coat type 3)] Example 1 Asphalt emulsion (M) 100 g, 1 g of cationic surfactant (A), 1 g of nonionic surfactant (
A curable asphalt composition was prepared by adding 0.5 g of F) and antifoaming agents (I,) I], []2 da and stirring until thoroughly homogeneous. Next, when this composition was applied to the surface of the structure to a thickness of 5B, a glossy black asphalt waterproof layer was formed at 15° C. for 40 minutes.

Example 2 To 100 g of asphalt emulsion (M), 1.2 g of cationic surfactant (B) and nonionic surfactant (
A curable asphalt composition was prepared by adding 0.3 g of G) and 0.02 g of antifoaming agent (L) and stirring until thoroughly homogeneous. Next, this composition was applied to the surface of the structure to a thickness of 5H, and a glossy black asphalt waterproof layer was formed at 20° C. for 60 minutes.

Example 6 To 100 g of asphalt emulsion (M), 1.5 g of cationic surfactant (C) and nonionic surfactant (
A curable asphalt composition was prepared by adding 0.2 g of K) and 0.02 g of antifoaming agent (L) and stirring until thoroughly homogeneous.

Next, 1 part by weight of cement, 2 parts of the above asphalt composition
A mastic flooring material was prepared by kneading 2 parts by weight of river sand, 2 parts by weight of river sand, and 4 parts by weight of crushed stone (chips), and this flooring material was troweled onto the floor of a structure to a thickness of 10 ff. , the water was pushed out onto the surface of the mastic material, forming a water film between the mastic and the trowel, making it easy to apply without the trowel becoming sticky. 20℃
, which cured in 40 minutes to form a glossy and crack-free asphalt mastic floor.

Example 4 Asphalt emulsion (M) 100, cationic surfactant (D) L2f, nonionic surfactant (
A curable asphalt composition was prepared by adding 0.4 g of H) and 0.029 g of antifoaming method) and stirring until sufficiently homogeneous.

Next, using this asphalt composition, mastic flooring was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, and when it was applied with a trowel, water was pushed out and the troweling could be easily performed. 2
It cured at 0° C. for 35 minutes to form a defect-free asphalt mastic bed.

Example 5 To 100 g of asphalt emulsion (M), 1 g of cationic surfactant (B) and nonionic surfactant (
A curable asphalt composition was prepared by adding 0.5 g of I) and 0.02 g of antifoaming agent (L) and stirring until it was sufficiently homogeneous, and applied in the same manner as in Example 1.
It cured at 0°C for 35 minutes, forming a glossy black asphalt waterproof layer.

Example 6 100 g of asphalt emulsion (M), 1 g of cationic surfactant (C), and nonionic surfactant (T
) and 0.02 g of antifoaming agent (L) were added and stirred until sufficiently homogeneous to prepare a curable asphalt composition.

Next, using this asphalt composition, mastic flooring was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, and when it was applied with a trowel, water was pushed out to the surface and the troweling could be easily applied. It cured at 20° C. for 35 minutes to form a glossy and defect-free asphalt mastic floor.

Example 7 (Comparative Test) (a) Asphalt emulsion (M) 1009 is applied to a thickness of 10 fl on a glass plate and left at 20°C for 15 minutes.

(b) 100g of asphalt emulsion (M),
Add 1.5 g of cationic surfactant (C), 0.29 g of nonionic surfactant (K), and 0.02 g of antifoaming agent (I), stir until homogeneous, and then After preparing an asphalt composition, this composition is applied to a thickness of 10 ff on a glass plate and left at 20° C. for 15 minutes.

Next, after pouring water into two 500 cc beakers,
When the glass plates from (a) and (b) above were placed in each beaker and left at 20°C for 20 minutes, the contents were stirred with a glass rod. In (a), the solids on the glass plates dissolved in the water. However, in (O), the solid matter on the glass plate did not melt and retained its original shape, and the water in the beaker was transparent.

Example 8 (comparative test) (a) 100 g of asphalt emulsion (M), 50 g of asphalt emulsion (M), 100 g of river sand, and 200 g of crushed stone (chips)
After preparing mastic flooring material by kneading g, the flooring material was applied with a trowel to the floor surface of a structure so that the thickness was uniform in the order of 20, but it became sticky and it was difficult to trowel it. It was difficult to do this, so after 5 minutes, I pressed it down again with a trowel and finished it.

(b) Asphalt emulsion (M) 100g, cement 50g, river sand 100g, crushed stone (F-tsubu) 200
g, cationic surfactant (C) 1.5 V, nonionic surfactant CK) 0.2 g, and antifoaming agent (L) 0.
After thoroughly stirring and kneading 0.02g of mastic to prepare a mastic flooring material, the flooring material was applied to the floor of a structure with a trowel to a uniform thickness of 2On, and moisture was pushed out to the surface. , between the trowel and the trowel: A dihydric film was formed, making it easy to apply trowel coating and finish as is.

The following table shows a comparison of the curing states of (a) and (b) over time.

[In item (A), cracks were observed upon complete curing, but in (B), no cracks were observed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A curable asphalt composition comprising 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a cationic surfactant as a curing accelerator to 100 parts by weight of an aqueous asphalt emulsion containing an anionic surfactant.