JPS6324238Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an evacuation ladder device that uses a pandagraph mechanism to form a folding ladder.

Evacuation ladder devices are installed on balconies, overhangs, and other floor surfaces of high-rise buildings and general residential buildings.
In the event of an emergency such as a fire, people can evacuate by using the folding ladder of this device.

Conventionally, folding ladders using the Pandagraph mechanism include Utility Model No. 50-21912 and Utility Model Application No. 54-
The one disclosed in No. 130400 etc. is known.

Utility Model Publication No. 50-21912 is not concerned with the folding ladder itself, but with the invention of a hook device to be attached to the upper end of the folding ladder.

However, the drawings disclose a folding ladder using a Pandagraph mechanism.

The folding ladder is pivoted in an X shape by connecting the links.
A number of such molds are connected vertically, and two sets of such connected pieces are prepared and placed on the left and right.
It is constructed by providing stepping bars that connect the intersections of the molds.

This folding ladder is provided with hanging means consisting of a lever and a pin at its upper and lower parts. One end of the ram is jointly pivoted to one pivot point of a diamond-shaped link, and the other end is serrated. A pin is provided at the pivot point of the other link opposite to the pivot point of the ram, and one recess in the serration of the ram is engaged with the pin.

In other words, the rods are interposed diagonally so that the rhombus does not become flat, and its length is maintained.

If this is done, the folding ladder will not extend in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction). Even if evacuees climb up and down this ladder, it is possible to minimize the elongation.

However, as mentioned above, the folding ladder has two hooking means consisting of a lever and a pin at the upper and lower parts, and a great effect can be obtained with a minimum of additional mechanisms in terms of structure. There must be people upstairs and downstairs to latch the latching means at the bottom.

Otherwise, only one side can be latched.

Generally, people often evacuate from upstairs to downstairs. In this case, the evacuation is done by extending and hanging down the folding ladder, but first the upper part of the latching means can be latched. However, the lower latching means cannot be latched unless a person first descends the ladder.

This means that the first evacuee to descend must descend a folding ladder with only the upper part engaged.

For this reason, when the evacuee descends from the folding ladder,
It tends to stretch as it goes down, making it extremely unsafe.

Although this phenomenon is rare when the lowest end of the folding ladder is in contact with the ground, it is not limited to such cases.

Furthermore, when considering an evacuation ladder device including a hook device, the hook device and the folding ladder are connected by a chain, so there is a problem in that the entire ladder tends to swing. Of course, if the lowest end of the folding ladder is grounded, some degree of rocking will be prevented, but the upper part will swing relatively significantly due to the presence of the chain. For this reason, evacuees descending from the upper floor to the lower floor encounter this shaking and feel a great sense of anxiety, and may even hesitate to descend.

In any case, it was unsatisfactory as an evacuation ladder device.

Next, Utility Model No. 54-130400 has a structure that combines a chain-type folding ladder and a pandagraph mechanism,
There are no horizontal bars connecting the shaped intersection points, but protective horizontal bars and treads are provided at the ends of the links.

The pantograph mechanism was provided in consideration of safety when evacuees descend, and is designed to descend through this internal space. Since the upper part of the Pandagraph is attached by a sliding means, it does not extend in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) as in the above-mentioned Utility Model Publication No. 50-21912. All the more so since there is a chain in place. It is extremely excellent in this respect.

However, due to the presence of chains and protective horizontal bars, the structure is complicated, making it laborious to construct, and it also has the disadvantage that it is difficult to fold when folded due to the presence of the chains.

In addition, since the treadle is located in front, for example, if there is a wall on the same side, the distance between the wall and the treadle will be narrow, making it impossible to move up and down by stepping on the same treadle. This often happens when the child is forced to slouch.

Furthermore, as can be said of both prior art technologies, when the folded state is extended, it is good that the product is immediately extended, but when it reaches its maximum extension, there is a large shock due to the acceleration. Since the ladder hangs on the ladder and stops extending, an impact load is applied to each pivot point of the ladder, which may cause a failure. Additionally, if the bottom end of the ladder touches the floor below, it may make a loud noise and stop extending, and the ground plane below may be damaged, which may increase anxiety among evacuees. This was probably a problem.

This invention was devised in order to solve the problems mentioned above, and its purpose is to simplify the structure as much as possible, yet facilitate evacuation.
To provide an evacuation ladder device that can give evacuees a sense of security.

The evacuation ladder device of the present invention consists of a main body in which an evacuation exit is formed, a lower lid that is pivotally connected to the front side of the main body so as to be able to be opened downward, and is held in a downwardly open hanging state, and a pair of left and right pairs provided in the front and back direction inside the main body. A storage box is provided with a guide plate, and the links are overlapped in an X shape and their intersections are pivotally connected, and an appropriate number of X-shaped links are arranged in the vertical direction and their ends are connected to each other in an expandable and contractable manner. It has a pair of left and right vertical members and a horizontal member that connects the intersection points of the left and right vertical members, and the entire body is deviated to one side of the left and right guide plates, and the top front link end of both vertical members serves as a guide for the storage box. The rear link ends of the uppermost parts of both longitudinal members are pivotally connected to the plate and are movably attached along the guide plate, and are housed within the main body of the storage box when in the shortened state, and open downward when the storage box is in the extended and hanging state. a pandagraph type ladder, a part of which can come into contact with the lower cover of the pandagraph type ladder, and a buffer mechanism interposed between the other side of the pandagraph type ladder and the storage box to moderate the extension speed of the pandagraph type ladder. Its characteristics lie in its composition.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of embodiments of the present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

The main parts of the evacuation ladder device 1 include a storage box 2, a pandagraph type ladder 3 housed in the storage box 2, and a buffer mechanism 4.

The storage box 2 has a main body 10 that is framed in a rectangular planar shape by four upright plates 6, 7, 8, and 9 on the front, rear, left, and right sides in order to form an evacuation exit 5, and a front upright plate 6 of the main body 10. Top lid 1 pivoted to the top so that it can be opened upwards
1, a lower lid 12 pivotally attached to the lower part of the front upright plate 6 so as to be able to open downward, and the upper lid 11 and the lower lid 12.
The opening/closing mechanism 13 is configured to synchronize the opening/closing operations of the lid 1 and to hold the upper lid 11 in an upwardly open vertical state and the lower lid 12 in a downwardly opened and hanging state.

The storage box 2 may be one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-27600, for example.

The storage box 2 is fixed by fitting the main body 10 into an opening made in the floor of a veranda or an overhang of a high-rise building or a residential house.

The Pandagraph ladder 3 consists of left and right extendable vertical members 16 and horizontal members 17 that serve as steps.

The vertical members 16 have the same structure on the left and right sides, and to explain one of them, it is made up of two links 18 and 19 stacked in an X shape and pivotally connected at the intersection 20, and further combined in this X shape. A plurality of links 18 and 19 are prepared, and the ends of each link 18 and 19 are pivotally connected to each other with a pin, so that they can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction. It is assembled into a so-called pandagraph.

In the Pandagraph ladder 3, the vertical members 16 are spaced apart from each other in the left and right directions, and horizontal members 17 are provided to connect the intersection points 20 of the links.

The pandagraph type ladder 3 has left and right guide plates 21 horizontally provided in the storage box 2, and the tops of the left and right vertical members 16 are attached to both guide plates 21 in a state of being deviated to one side.

That is, the upper end A of the link located on the front side of the vertical member 16 is pivotally attached to the front side of the guide plate 21, and the vertical member 1
The upper end B of the link located on the rear side of 6 is the guide plate 2
It is attached movably along 1. In this embodiment, a long hole 22 is horizontally bored in the guide plate 21,
A pin C provided at the upper end B of the link is fitted into this elongated hole 22. As shown in the drawings, the guide plate 21 may have a U-shaped cross section, and the roller D rolling in this groove may be pivotally supported by the pin C so that the guide plate 21 can move smoothly. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and other slide mechanisms may be used.

When the panda graph type ladder 3 is shortened, its extension can be prevented by closing the lower cover 12 of the storage box 2. In this case, when the upper lid 11 is opened, the lower lid 12 is also opened by the synchronous interlocking mechanism 13, so that it immediately extends and hangs down.

However, in this case, there is a risk of causing an accident because it is not possible to check the situation downstairs. For example, if there is a person directly below the device, evacuees on the floor may not be able to see this and may open the top cover 11. This could lead to an accident in which ladder 3 extends and injures the person downstairs.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the panda graph ladder 3 is fixed with another latch 23, and the upper cover 11 and the lower cover 12 are opened to confirm safety, and then the latch is released. .

In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 4 uses a coil spring, which is interposed between a part of the guide plate 21 and the upper intersection 20 of the Pandagraph ladder 3. Specifically, an L-shaped rod 24 is pivotally installed at the second intersection point 20 from the top, and the end of the L-shaped rod 24 is connected to the guide plate 2.
A tension coil spring 25 is interposed between a portion of the spring 1. The L-shaped rod 24 was provided in consideration of the coil spring 25 during storage. Therefore, it is also possible to omit it.

The buffer mechanism 4 is not limited to the coil spring 25, and may be a hydraulic damper, rubber, or other elastic body.

Further, the intervening location does not need to be as in this embodiment. For example, it can be interposed between the links 18 and 19 constituting the vertical member 16 of the Pandagraph ladder 3, between the end pivot points of the opposing links 18 and 19, etc. Of course, it is also possible to interpose it between point A and point B.

The point is that the pandagraph ladder 3 should be arranged so that it extends and hangs down slowly when it extends.

Next, its effect will be explained.

3 to 6 show the pandagraph type ladder 3 shortened and housed in the storage box 2, respectively.

At this time, the pandagraph type ladder 3 is latched by a latching fitting 23 provided on the storage box 2.

For example, when the upper lid 11 is opened from such a stored state, the lower lid 12 is also opened by the synchronization interlocking mechanism 13, and the upper lid 11 is held in an upwardly open vertical state and the lower cover 12 is held in a downwardly opened and hanging state. Then, evacuees will be able to check the situation downstairs. Next, when the latch 23 is released, the pandagraph ladder 3 extends and hangs down due to its own gravity. In this case, the elongated hole 2 of the guide plate 21
One upper link end B with a pin C fitted into it approaches the fixed side A guided by it.

Therefore, the pandagraph type ladder 3 extends extremely smoothly.

Furthermore, since the buffer mechanism 4 operates during the extension, the pandagraph ladder 3 will not be damaged by the shock. Of course, it won't damage the floor surface downstairs.

1 and 2 show the extended hanging state.

In this state, the upper ends A and B of the pandagraph ladder 3 are fixed to the guide plate 21, respectively. In particular, the pin C of the upper end B of the link on the movable side
comes into contact with the front side of the elongated hole 22, and further movement is prevented. Further, the front side of the upper half of the pandagraph type ladder 3 is in contact with the lower lid 12 which is held in a downwardly open and hanging state. Therefore, even if the weight of an evacuee is applied to the cross member 17 of the Pandagraph ladder 3, the ladder 3 hardly stretches, and of course the ladder does not swing back and forth.

In particular, since the cross member 17 of the Pandagraph ladder 3 is located at the intersection point 20 of the links, it is spaced a certain distance from the lower lid 12, making it easy to step on and hold.

If a cross member is provided at the pivot point near the lower cover 12 as in Utility Model Application No. 54-130400, it will be difficult to step on or grab, resulting in evacuees tripping over their hands and feet and falling. However, the evacuation ladder device of this embodiment does not have such difficulties at all. Furthermore, there are links up to the rear of the cross member 17, so that half of the links exist on the left and right sides of the cross member 17, so that it also serves as a kind of guard. This gives evacuees a sense of security when descending.

In this way, the present invention uses the Pandagraph mechanism as a ladder, and has a structure with a buffer mechanism, so there is no chance of damage to the ladder itself, each pivot point, or the floor below. It disappears. In addition, since the evacuees are not given a great sense of anxiety, they can go up and down safely, and the problems of the past can be eliminated.

Further, according to the present invention, when the Pandagraph ladder extends and hangs down, a part of it comes into contact with the lower cover which is held in the downwardly open hanging state, so that the Pandagraph ladder can be prevented from swinging back and forth. Safety is further improved.

However, since the Pandagraph type ladder is attached to both the left and right guide plates with an offset to one side, the gap between one side of the ladder and the storage box becomes narrow, and evacuees cannot reach the upper floor. To easily get on a ladder from the floor without feeling anxious, and to secure a space for a shock absorbing mechanism, which can be easily installed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of the main part of the storage box with the upper and lower lids opened and the pandagraph ladder in an extended state.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a longitudinal section of the main part. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the stored state with the top cover removed. FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view taken along the line -- of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view taken along the line -- in FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional front view taken along the line -- in FIG. 3. 1... Evacuation ladder device, 2... Storage box, 3... Pandagraph type ladder, 4... Buffer mechanism, 16... Vertical member, 17... Horizontal member, 18, 19... Link, 20
...Intersection, 21...Guide plate, A...Front link end, B...Rear link end.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A main body 10 in which an evacuation exit 5 is formed, a lower lid 12 that is pivotally attached to the front side of the main body so that it can be opened downward and is held in a downwardly open hanging state, and a pair of left and right guide plates 21 provided in the front and back direction inside the main body 10. and a storage box 2 with links 18 and 19 superimposed in an X-shape and pivoted at the intersection 20, and an appropriate number of X-shaped links 18 and 19 arranged in the vertical direction so that the ends thereof can be expanded and contracted. A pair of left and right vertical members 16 that connect the parts together, and a left and right vertical member 16
The uppermost front link end A of both vertical members 16 is connected to the storage box 2 with the horizontal member 17 connecting the intersection points 20 of the horizontal members 17 to each other.
The uppermost rear link end B of both vertical members 16 is attached to be movable along the guide plate 21, and when in the shortened state, the main body 10 of the storage box 2
a pandagraph type ladder 3 which is housed in the interior of the storage box and whose part can come into contact with the lower lid 12 of the storage box 2 which is in a downwardly opened hanging state when extended and hung;
An evacuation ladder device comprising a buffer mechanism 4 interposed between the other side of the ladder and a storage box 2 to moderate the speed of extension of the pandagraph ladder 3.