JPS63238223A - Method for crucible melting of active metal - Google Patents
Method for crucible melting of active metalInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63238223A JPS63238223A JP62071698A JP7169887A JPS63238223A JP S63238223 A JPS63238223 A JP S63238223A JP 62071698 A JP62071698 A JP 62071698A JP 7169887 A JP7169887 A JP 7169887A JP S63238223 A JPS63238223 A JP S63238223A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- melting
- pressure
- active metal
- melted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium zirconium Chemical compound [Ti].[Zr] PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、チタン等の活性金属またはその合金を耐火
物製るつぼ内で誘導加熱により溶解する、活性金属のる
つぼ溶解方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an active metal crucible melting method in which an active metal such as titanium or its alloy is melted by induction heating in a refractory crucible.
極めて活性であるために溶解に際して酸化され易い活性
金属、例えばチタンやその合金の溶解には、一般に同様
な溶解法が用いられている。Similar melting methods are generally used to melt active metals, such as titanium and its alloys, which are extremely active and therefore easily oxidized during melting.
即ち、チタンま几はチタン合金の溶解素材が１００ｆ程
度の場合には、タングステン電極と水冷銅鋳型を用いて
アルザンガス雰囲気中で溶解素材をアーク溶解する。溶
解素材が５Ｋｇ以上の場合には、溶解素材のブリケット
を成形し、それをつなぎ合せて消耗電極を製作し、この
消耗電極と水冷銅るつぼの間に真空中でアークを発生さ
せて、消耗電極自身を水冷銅るつぼ内に溶解していく（
梅田洋−他、′チタニウム・ジルコニウム”、３２（１
９８５）１．２５）。後者の消耗電極式真空アーク溶解
法（ＶＡＲ法）は、機構上および作業上の点から溶解が
大規模なほど容易である。その他、最近では、真空中で
の電子ビームによる加熱を利用しｔ溶解法ＣＥＢ法）も
行なわれている。That is, when the titanium alloy melted material is about 100 f, the titanium furnace arc-melts the melted material in an Alzan gas atmosphere using a tungsten electrode and a water-cooled copper mold. If the amount of melted material is 5 kg or more, briquettes of the melted material are formed, the briquettes are joined together to make a consumable electrode, and an arc is generated in a vacuum between the consumable electrode and a water-cooled copper crucible. Dissolves itself in a water-cooled copper crucible (
Hiroshi Umeda et al., 'Titanium/Zirconium', 32 (1)
985) 1.25). In the latter consumable electrode vacuum arc melting method (VAR method), the larger the scale, the easier the melting from a mechanical and operational point of view. In addition, recently, a t-melting method (CEB method) using heating with an electron beam in a vacuum has also been carried out.
以上のＶＡＲ法やＥＢ法は、チタンやチタン合金のみな
らず、他の種類の活性金属およびその合金の溶解にも使
用されている。The above VAR method and EB method are used not only for melting titanium and titanium alloys, but also for melting other types of active metals and their alloys.
しかしながら、ＶＡＲ法やＥＢ法は、真空中で溶解する
几めに、真空装置や電源等の設備が太がかりとなり、そ
のランニングコストも大きい欠点がある。また、ＶＡＲ
法などのアーク溶解法では、溶解のために電極作製の面
倒な作業を要する欠点もある。However, the VAR method and the EB method have disadvantages in that they require heavy equipment such as a vacuum device and a power source to perform melting in a vacuum, and their running costs are also large. Also, VAR
Arc melting methods such as the method also have the disadvantage of requiring troublesome work to prepare electrodes for melting.
このようなことから、最近、ＣａＯなどの酸化物がＴｉ
０ｚより安定なことを利用して、カルシア（Ｃａｂ）な
どの酸化耐火物からなるるつぼ内でテタ／およびチタン
合金の溶解素材を誘導加熱により溶解する、るつぼ溶解
方法が開発され友（岡田稔他、”チタニウム・ジルコニ
ウム”、 ３４（１９８６）４゜４２〕。For this reason, recently, oxides such as CaO have been
Taking advantage of the fact that it is more stable than 0z, a crucible melting method has been developed in which a molten material of teta/titanium alloy is melted by induction heating in a crucible made of an oxidized refractory such as calcia (Cab). , “Titanium-Zirconium”, 34 (1986) 4°42].
上記のるつぼ溶解方法では、活性金属以外の通常の金属
を溶解する場合には特に問題がないが、活性金属および
その合金を溶解する場合には、その溶湯とるつぼとが反
応して、るつほの溶損金主じる。このため、るつぼを高
い頻度で交換しなければならず、これが溶解のコスト高
につながる。With the above crucible melting method, there is no particular problem when melting ordinary metals other than active metals, but when melting active metals and their alloys, the molten metal and the crucible react and the crucible melts. Mainly due to melting money. Therefore, the crucible must be replaced frequently, which leads to high melting costs.
′１九、るつぼからの汚染も生じる。'19. Contamination from the crucible also occurs.
従って、この発明は、上述の現状に鑑み、チタン等の活
性金属およびその合金を、耐火物製るつほを大きく溶損
させることなく溶解することができる、活性金属のるつ
は溶解方法を提供することを目的とするものである。Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned current situation, the present invention provides a method for melting active metals such as titanium and their alloys without causing significant melting damage to refractory melts. The purpose is to provide
この発明のるつは溶解方法は、耐火物製るつぼ内に収容
した活性金属またはその合金を、常圧を超える圧力の不
活性ガス雰囲気下で誘導加熱して、溶解することに特徴
を有するものである。The crucible melting method of the present invention is characterized in that the active metal or its alloy contained in a refractory crucible is melted by induction heating in an inert gas atmosphere at a pressure exceeding normal pressure. It is.
以下、この発明のるつぼ溶解方法について詳述する。The crucible melting method of the present invention will be described in detail below.
第１図は、この発明のるつぼ溶解方法の一実施態様を示
す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the crucible melting method of the present invention.
＠１図において、１は圧力容器２内に設置され几耐火物
製るつぼ、３はるつは１ｔ−取巻く高周波誘導加熱コイ
ルで、この発明では、圧力容器２内を常圧を超える圧力
の不活性ガス雰囲気とし、るつぼ１内に収容され比活性
金属を、不活性ガスによる加圧下で加熱コイル３により
誘導加熱し、溶解するものである。@1 In the figure, 1 is a refractory crucible installed in the pressure vessel 2, and 3 is a 1t-surrounding high-frequency induction heating coil. In an active gas atmosphere, the specific active metal contained in the crucible 1 is melted by induction heating by a heating coil 3 under pressure with an inert gas.
圧力容器２は予め空気を排除し次のち、圧力容器２に取
付は友ガス供給管４ａからＡｒ等の不活性ガスを供給し
て、常圧を超える例えば１０気圧以下の圧力に不活性ガ
スｔ？Ｉｔ４たす。圧力容器ｚ内の不活性ガス雰囲気の
圧力制御は、圧力容器２内に１佼付は九図示しない圧力
センサーによって圧力容器２内の不活性ガス雰囲気の圧
力を検出して、これに基づき、圧力容器２外に設は比圧
カスイッチ５ＶＣより、ガス供給管４ａおよびガス排出
管４ｂの開閉弁６ａおよび６ｂの開度を調整することに
より行なう。なお、７Ｉｔ′ｉ加熱コイル３用の高周波
電源、８は活性金属の合金化用副原料投入ホッパーであ
る。Air is removed from the pressure vessel 2 in advance, and then an inert gas such as Ar is supplied from the companion gas supply pipe 4a to the pressure vessel 2, and the pressure of the inert gas t exceeds normal pressure, for example, 10 atmospheres or less. ? It4 plus. The pressure of the inert gas atmosphere in the pressure vessel z is controlled by detecting the pressure of the inert gas atmosphere in the pressure vessel 2 with a pressure sensor (not shown) in the pressure vessel 2, and controlling the pressure based on this. The setting outside the container 2 is performed by adjusting the opening degrees of the on-off valves 6a and 6b of the gas supply pipe 4a and the gas discharge pipe 4b using the specific pressure switch 5VC. Note that 7It'i is a high frequency power source for the heating coil 3, and 8 is a hopper for charging auxiliary raw materials for alloying active metals.
以上において、るつぼ１内に収容された活性金属が溶解
すると、活性金属はるつは１を構成する酸化耐火物と反
応し、これを還元する。即ち、活性金属をＭ、酸化耐火
物を［０として、化学反応式で示せば、次の（１）式の
通りである。In the above, when the active metal contained in the crucible 1 is melted, the active metal reacts with the oxidized refractory constituting the crucible 1 and reduces it. That is, if the active metal is M and the oxidized refractory is [0, the chemical reaction formula is as shown in the following formula (1).
Ｍ（ｔｌ＋Ｍ’０（ｓｌ −４Ｍ’ （Ｌ 、 ｆ ）
＋ＭＯ（ｓ）−＝・（１）一般にＭ′の融点はＭの融
点に比較して高くなく、Ｍ′の蒸気圧はＭの蒸気圧に比
べて大きい。このため、系の圧力が低いとＴ１）式の反
応は右に進み、酸化耐火物Ｍ’０の還元による分解が促
進される。系の圧力を高めると（１）式の反応は右に進
みずらくなり、酸化耐火物Ｍ’Ｏの還元による分解が抑
制される。M(tl+M'0(sl-4M'(L, f)
+MO(s)-=・(1) Generally, the melting point of M' is not higher than that of M, and the vapor pressure of M' is greater than that of M. Therefore, when the system pressure is low, the reaction of equation T1) proceeds to the right, promoting decomposition by reduction of the oxidized refractory M'0. When the pressure of the system is increased, the reaction of formula (1) becomes difficult to proceed to the right, and decomposition due to reduction of the oxidized refractory M'O is suppressed.
そこで、上述したように、圧力容器２内を常圧を超える
圧力の不活性ガス雰囲気として、不活性ガスによる加圧
下でるつぼ１内の活性金属ｆｒ、溶解すれば、減圧下、
常圧下では還元により分解される酸化耐火物でも分解が
抑制されるので、るつぼ１ｔ−大きく溶損させることな
く、活性金属を溶解させることができる。Therefore, as mentioned above, if the active metal fr in the crucible 1 is melted under pressure of the inert gas by creating an inert gas atmosphere with a pressure exceeding normal pressure in the pressure vessel 2, then under reduced pressure,
Since decomposition of even oxidized refractories which are decomposed by reduction under normal pressure is suppressed, active metals can be melted without significant melting loss in the crucible.
先のＩＥＩ図に示した圧力容器２内のるつぼ１内にチタ
ン５００ｔを収容して、Ａｒガス下で加熱コイル３によ
り誘導加熱し、溶解した。500 tons of titanium was placed in the crucible 1 in the pressure vessel 2 shown in the IEI diagram above and melted by induction heating using the heating coil 3 under Ar gas.
るつぼ１はカルシア（Ｃａｂ）製で、外径５５耀φ、加
熱コイル３は内径１５０ｍφ、高周波電源７は３０ＫＨ
ｚ、３０ＫＷの定格であった。容器２内のＡｒガス雰囲
気の圧力は、この発明の範囲内の常圧を超える１０気圧
までの圧力と、この発明の範囲外の常圧との場合を試し
友。The crucible 1 is made of Calcia (Cab) and has an outer diameter of 55 mm, an inner diameter of the heating coil 3 of 150 m, and a high frequency power source 7 of 30 KH.
z, it was rated at 30KW. The pressure of the Ar gas atmosphere in the container 2 was tested at a pressure of up to 10 atm, which exceeds normal pressure within the range of the present invention, and at normal pressure, which is outside the range of the present invention.
そのときに得られたＡｒガス雰囲気の圧力と相対的るつ
ぼ溶損ｌとの関係を、第２図に示す。ここで、相対的る
つぼ溶損量とは、チタンの溶湯により溶損したるつぼ１
の溶損量ヲ、圧力容器２内のＡｒガス雰囲気が常圧のと
きの溶損量ヲ１．０として表示したものである。The relationship between the pressure of the Ar gas atmosphere obtained at that time and the relative melting loss l of the crucible is shown in FIG. Here, the relative crucible melt loss amount refers to the amount of crucible melt damage caused by molten titanium.
The amount of melting loss is expressed as 1.0 when the Ar gas atmosphere in the pressure vessel 2 is at normal pressure.
第２図に示されるように、圧力容器２内のＡｒガス雰囲
気の圧力が常圧を超えて高くなればなる程、相対的るつ
ぼ溶損量は１．０ ’ｅ下廻ってより低くなっており、
５気圧以上では相対的るつぼ溶損量は０．５未満にもな
っている。従って、るつぼ１内に収容したチタンｉＡｒ
による加圧下で誘導加熱して、溶解することにより、る
つぼ１に大きな溶損金主じさせることなくチタンを溶解
することができたことが判る。As shown in Fig. 2, as the pressure of the Ar gas atmosphere inside the pressure vessel 2 becomes higher than normal pressure, the relative amount of crucible erosion decreases to below 1.0'e. ,
At 5 atm or higher, the relative amount of crucible erosion loss is less than 0.5. Therefore, the titanium iAr contained in the crucible 1
It can be seen that titanium was able to be melted without causing a large amount of melted metal in the crucible 1 by induction heating and melting under pressure.
以上説明したように、この発明のるつぼ溶解方法によれ
ば、耐火物製るつぼを大きく溶損させることなく、活性
金属およびその合金を溶解することができる。従って、
活性金属の溶解コストを低減でき、ま几、るつぼからの
汚染も小さくできる。As explained above, according to the crucible melting method of the present invention, active metals and their alloys can be melted without significantly damaging the refractory crucible. Therefore,
The cost of dissolving active metals can be reduced, and contamination from the furnace and crucible can be reduced.
また、チタンおよびチタン合金だけでなく、ニオブ等の
活性金属およびその合金の溶解にも適用でき、るつぼも
カルシア製に限らず、マグネシア等の酸化耐火物製のる
つぼを適宜使用することができる。Furthermore, it can be applied not only to titanium and titanium alloys, but also to melting active metals such as niobium and their alloys, and the crucible is not limited to calcia, but crucibles made of oxidized refractories such as magnesia can be used as appropriate.
第１図は、この発明のるつぼ溶解方法の一実施態様を示
す説明図、第２図は、Ａｒガス雰囲気の圧力と相対的る
つぼ溶損量との関係を示したグラフである。図面におい
て、
１・・・耐火物製るつぼ、 ２・・・圧力容器、３・
・・高周波誘導加熱コイル、
４ａ・・・ガス供給管、 ４ｂ・・・ガス排出管、５・
・・圧力スイッチ、 ５ａ、５ｂ・・・開閉弁、７・・
・高周波電源。
晃契宕役訃す曽−一FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the crucible melting method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure of the Ar gas atmosphere and the relative amount of crucible melting loss. In the drawings, 1... refractory crucible, 2... pressure vessel, 3...
...High frequency induction heating coil, 4a...Gas supply pipe, 4b...Gas discharge pipe, 5.
...Pressure switch, 5a, 5b...Opening/closing valve, 7...
・High frequency power supply. So-ichi, the role of Kokigo, dies.
Claims (1)
、常圧を超える圧力の不活性ガス雰囲気下で誘導加熱し
て、溶解することを特徴とする、活性金属のるつぼ溶解
方法。A method for melting an active metal in a crucible, the method comprising melting an active metal or its alloy contained in a refractory crucible by induction heating in an inert gas atmosphere at a pressure exceeding normal pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62071698A JPS63238223A (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1987-03-27 | Method for crucible melting of active metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62071698A JPS63238223A (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1987-03-27 | Method for crucible melting of active metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63238223A true JPS63238223A (en) | 1988-10-04 |
| JPH0442460B2 JPH0442460B2 (en) | 1992-07-13 |
Family
ID=13468022
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62071698A Granted JPS63238223A (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1987-03-27 | Method for crucible melting of active metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63238223A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63250425A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-10-18 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for melting metal having high melting point |
| JPH02108450A (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-04-20 | Yasuo Yoneda | Method for casting titanium or titanium base alloy |
-
1987
- 1987-03-27 JP JP62071698A patent/JPS63238223A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63250425A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-10-18 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for melting metal having high melting point |
| JPH02108450A (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-04-20 | Yasuo Yoneda | Method for casting titanium or titanium base alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0442460B2 (en) | 1992-07-13 |
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