JPS63237856A - Automatic indexing device for drill - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the cost and to shorten the processing time by constructing such that a drill is held on a spindle section and rotated, while the side view shape of the drill is projected while being magnified through a magnifying projector then the image thereof is detected through an optical sensor and an indexing angle is calculated thereafter the drill is positioned at that position. CONSTITUTION:A spindle section 11 holding a drill 16 is rotated and the rotary angle is detected through a rotary encoder 14. The side view shape of the drill 16 is projected onto the projection face 20 of a magnifying projector 17, then a V-shaped constricted portion 22 of a drill image 19 is detected through an optical sensor 22. An indexing angle is calculated based on a first rotary angle when one oblique side of the constricted portion 21 is detected and a second rotary angle when the other oblique side is detected. A controller 23 controls a servo motor 13 and positions the drill 16 with the indexed angle. Consequently, indexing can be made with an inexpensive optical sensor 22. Operation can be made easily with short time when compared with an image processor, resulting in shortening of indexing cycle time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to an automatic drill indexing device that is used for, for example, grinding a drill and can automatically index the drill.

"Prior Art" Generally, in order to grind a drill, it is necessary to determine the grinding position. In this process, the drill was held on the main shaft, and the worker rotated the drill while looking through a microscope to perform indexing.

However, this method not only requires manpower, but also has the disadvantage that the accuracy of the indexing varies depending on the operator, and the operator is fatigued because the operator must look into the microscope for a long time. Therefore, the applicant of the present application proposed a processing machine that automatically performs indexing using an image processing device in "Utility Application 1986-41320; Automatic Drill Tip Processing Machine." This processing machine holds a drill on the main shaft, sends an image of the tip of the drill to an image processing device through a camera, compares it with a pre-stored reference shape, controls the rotation of the main shaft, and performs a predetermined index. It is something to do.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" By the way, although the above method of performing indexing using an image processing device can be automated, there is a problem in that the image processing device itself is expensive. In addition, the image processing apparatus has a problem in that the processing time is long because the amount of information to be processed is enormous, and therefore the cycle time for indexing is lengthened.

"Means for Solving the Problems" This invention has been made to solve the above problems, and includes a main shaft part that is rotated by a rotating device and holds the drill, and a rotation angle of the main shaft part. an angle detector for detecting, an enlarging projector for enlarging and projecting the side view shape of the drill, and an enlarging projector provided on a projection plane of the enlarging projector to form a V-shaped constriction of a drill image projected onto the projection plane. an optical sensor that detects an oblique side; and when the optical sensor detects one oblique side of the figure-7 constriction when the drill is rotated and the drill image is moved in the axial direction on the projection surface. and a second rotation angle when the other hypotenuse is detected by the optical sensor, and calculate an index angle from the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle. and a control device that controls the rotation device to position the drill at the index angle.

"Operation" The present invention comprises a main shaft portion which is rotated by a rotation device and holds the drill, an angle detector which detects the rotation angle of the main shaft portion, and an enlarged projector which enlarges and projects the side view shape of the drill. an optical sensor provided on the projection surface of the magnifying projector to detect the oblique side of the V-shaped constriction of the drill image projected onto the projection surface; A first rotation angle when one oblique side of the V-shaped constriction is detected by the optical sensor when the image is moved in the axial direction, and a first rotation angle when the other oblique side is detected by the optical sensor. and a second rotation angle of the first rotation angle.
and a control device that calculates an indexing angle from the rotation angle of the rotation angle and the second rotation angle, and controls the rotation device to position the drill at the index angle. indexing can be performed, thus keeping the cost of the device low. In addition, compared to image processing devices, calculation processing is easier and processing time is shorter.
Therefore, the cycle time for indexing can be shortened. Furthermore, since the image magnified by the magnifying projector is detected by the sensor, highly accurate indexing can be performed.

- "Embodiment" An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an automatic drill indexing device according to the present invention. This drill automatic indexing device includes a main shaft portion 11 that holds a drill.

A servo motor (rotating device) 13 is connected to this main shaft portion 11 via a reduction gear 12, and this servo motor 13 is provided with a rotary encoder (angle detector) 14 that detects the rotation angle. There is. On the other hand, a drill 16 is connected to the main shaft portion 11 via a collet chuck 15.
is retained. A magnifying projector 17 is disposed on the side of this drill 16. This magnifying projector 17 reflects light from a light source (not shown) with a reflecting mirror 18, and directs light in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the drill 16 to the drill 16.
The drill image 19 is projected onto the projection surface 20 of the projector 16.
It is projected on top. One drill image projected on the projection surface 19 is in a shadow state because the light from the light source is blocked by the drill, and is approximately V-shaped, which corresponds to a chip discharge groove. It has a constricted portion 21.

An optical sensor 22 is provided in the V-shaped constriction 21 on the projection surface 20.

The optical sensor 22 and the rotary encoder 1
4 is connected to a control device 23.

This control device 23 receives measurement information from the photo-recording sensor 22 and rotary encoder 14, calculates an index angle based on this information, and controls the front three servos connected to the control device 23. motor 13
It is designed to output instructions for making an index.

Indexing by such an automatic drill indexing device is performed as follows.

First, the drill 16 is attached to the main shaft 11 via the collet chuck 15.

Next, the servo motor 13 is driven to rotate the drill 16 one or more revolutions to bring the drill 16 into a constant speed state.

Then, the drill image 19 on the projection plane 20 moves in the axial direction. By moving this drill image 19,
The optical sensor 22 moves axially relative to the drill image 19, as shown by arrow A in FIG.

At this time, the optical sensor 22 detects the brightness of the drill image 19 and outputs it to the control device 23.

The waveform outputted at this time is an output waveform 31 as shown in FIG. OF when passing through one hypotenuse 21a of
It turns ON from F, and when the optical sensor 22 is in the constriction 21 where there is no drill image in 11η, it turns ON because it is bright, and when it passes through the other oblique side 21b of the constriction 21, it changes from ON to OI "I". , when the optical sensor 22 comes to the position where the drill image 19 is, it is dark and OF'F.
becomes.

Then, the control device 23 stores the output waveform 31 in a memory.

On the other hand, the rotary encoder 14 attached to the servo motor 13 outputs an output waveform 32 as shown in FIG. 2, and this output waveform 32 is also stored in the memory of the control device 23.

Next, in the front one grip control device 23, the output waveform 31
and the output waveform 32, it is determined that the output waveform 31 is OFF.
An index angle 31c is calculated at a midpoint position between the first angle 31a at the time of changing from ON to ON and the second angle 31b at the time of changing from ON to OFF.

Then, the servo motor 13 is driven, and when the angle of the rotary encoder 14 reaches the calculated indexing angle 31c, the servo motor 13 is stopped and the indexing is completed.

In addition, when indexing a different type of drill, the position of the senna in the axial direction may be adjusted according to the pitch of the chip discharge groove.

As described above, the automatic drill indexing device includes the main shaft part 11 which is rotated by the servo motor 13 and holds the drill 16, the rotary encoder 14 which detects the rotation angle of the main shaft part 11, and the rotary encoder 14 which detects the rotation angle of the main shaft part 11. An enlargement projector 17 for enlarging and projecting a side view shape, and an oblique side 21 of a V-shaped constriction 21 of a drill image 19 that is provided on a projection surface 20 of the enlargement projector 17 and projected onto this projection surface 20.
a, 21b, a first rotation angle 31a when one oblique side 21a of the V-shaped constriction 21 is detected by the optical sensor 22, and the other oblique side 21b.
is detected by the optical sensor 22, the second rotation angle 3
1b, calculates the indexing angle 31c, controls the servo motor 13, and positions the drill 16 at the indexing angle 31c. Therefore, the indexing is performed using an inexpensive optical sensor 22. Therefore, the cost of the device can be kept low. Furthermore, compared to an image processing device, calculation processing is easier and the processing time is shorter, so that the cycle time for indexing can be shortened. Furthermore, since the drill image 19 enlarged by the enlarged projection W17 is detected by the optical sensor 22, highly accurate indexing can be performed. Additionally, the indexing work can be mechanized, making unmanned operation possible.

Further, the automatic drill indexing device described above can perform accurate indexing even if the photoelectric conversion characteristics of the senna change depending on the temperature. This is due to the following reasons.

The brightness and darkness of the boundary of the drill image 19 on the projection plane 20 is actually blurred due to out of focus, light diffraction, and the like. As shown in FIG. 3, the two oblique sides 21a and 21b of the V-shaped constriction 21 also have intermediate portions 33 that change from a dark portion to a bright portion on both sides thereof. Therefore, in the bright and dark waveform 34 detected by the optical sensor 22, an inclined portion 34a is formed corresponding to the intermediate portion 33. However, since denotal processing cannot be performed as it is, we set a certain brightness Q as the boundary and turn off the part with brightness below Q.
The waveform is converted by turning on the part with brightness of 0 or more, and a rectangular output waveform 31 is output as the control bag v! It is output to i23.

By the way, the photoelectric conversion characteristics of the optical sensor 22 change depending on the temperature. For this reason, the light and dark waveforms directly detected by the optical sensor 22 are shifted to the waveforms shown by 35 and 36, and as a result, the rectangular output waveform also becomes the waveform shown by 37 and the waveforms shown by 36. The waveform is shifted as shown in 38. Therefore, there is a possibility that an error will occur in the indexing angle.

However, with this drill automatic indexing device, O
The first angle 31a that changes from FF to ON and from ON to O
The midpoint position of the second angle 31b where the FF changes is set as the index angle 31c. Therefore, even if the error occurs, it does not affect the indexing angle 31c because it occurs symmetrically with respect to the midpoint position. For this reason, in the automatic drill indexing device,
Even if the photoelectric conversion characteristics of the optical sensor 22 change due to temperature changes, accurate determination can be made.

Note that in the above embodiment, a servo motor is used as the rotating device, but there is no need to limit it to this, and a stepping motor or the like may be used.

Further, in the above embodiment, a rotary encoder is used as the angle detector, but there is no need to limit it to this, and a potentiometer or the like may be used.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, there is provided a main shaft part that is rotated by a rotating device and holds the drill, an angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the main shaft part, and an angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the main shaft part. a magnifying projector for enlarging and projecting a side view shape; an optical sensor provided on a projection surface of the magnifying projector to detect the oblique side of a V-shaped constriction of a drill image projected on the projection surface; and the drill. a first rotation angle when one oblique side of the V-shaped constriction is detected by the optical sensor when rotating the drill image and moving the drill image in the axial direction on the projection plane; the second when the hypotenuse is detected by the optical sensor;
a rotation angle, calculates an index angle from the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle, and controls the rotation device to position the drill at the index angle. This makes it possible to reduce the cost of the indexing device itself, shorten the indexing cycle time, and increase the accuracy of indexing because the image is magnified using a projector. This effect can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the output waveform from the rotary encoder, the output waveform from the optical sensor, and the relative position of the optical sensor with respect to the drill image. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing light and dark waveforms detected by the optical sensor and waveforms output from the optical sensor to the control device when the position of the optical sensor with respect to the waist portion and the photoelectric conversion characteristics of the optical sensor change. II... Main shaft part, 13... Servo motor (rotating device), 14... Rotary encoder (angle detector), 16... Drill, 17.
...Enlarged projector, 19...Drill image, 2
0...Projection plane, 21...V-shaped constriction, 21a, 21b...Hintenuse, 22...
light sensor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A main shaft portion that is rotated by a rotation device and holds the drill; an angle detector that detects a rotation angle of the main shaft portion; an enlargement projector that enlarges and projects a side view shape of the drill; and a projection of the enlargement projector. an optical sensor that is provided on the surface and detects the oblique side of the V-shaped constriction of the drill image projected on the projection surface; and an optical sensor that rotates the drill and moves the drill image in the axial direction on the projection surface. In this case, a first rotation angle when one oblique side of the V-shaped constriction is detected by the optical sensor, and a second rotation angle when the other oblique side is detected by the optical sensor. a control device that stores the information, calculates an index angle from the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle, and controls the rotation device to position the drill at the index angle. Drill automatic indexing device.