JPS6323707A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate necessity of back washing by providing a container packed with ferromagnetic matrix detachably in a flow channel of the liquid to be treated in the magnetic field. CONSTITUTION:A container 5 packed with ferromagnetic matrix 7 is provided through an expansion joint 1 in a flow channel 9 of the liquid to be treated, outside of which a container 4 containing a permanent magnet 3 is installed. When the liquid to be treated allowed to flow into the flow channel 9, magnetic particles contained in said liquid are attracted and collected by the ferromagnetic matrix 7. When cloggings are generated while using to lower attracting capability, the entire container 5 is removed from the flow channel 9, and replaced with a container 5 packed with fresh ferromagnetic matrix 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a magnetic separation device for the purpose of removing and recovering magnetic particles contained in a fluid, and particularly to a magnetic separation device that does not require backwashing.

(Prior art) By filling a magnetic field with ferromagnetic males, Fa
The principle of a method of creating a large magnetic field gradient on the surface of a fiber to attract and capture magnetic particles in a fluid has been known for a long time. (For example, Commentary/Transactions
on Magnetics, vol MAG-10
, No. 2, June, 1974, pp. 223 et seq.) Various systems have been disclosed for devices embodying the above principle. There are various methods for applying a magnetic field, such as electromagnets, solenoids, and permanent magnets.As for ferromagnetic matrices, stainless steel fibers, spherical bodies, or recently, amorphous magnetic materials are used. In order to increase collection efficiency, methods such as arranging multiple layers of porous sheets knitted in a net shape at right angles to the magnetic field have also been implemented. Another conventional method has been to simply pack the matrix into a container without weaving it. This method is simple because it does not require the effort of weaving into a net, but since the matrix is oriented in random directions, it includes parts that do not contribute to the recovery of magnetic particles, so it has both advantages and disadvantages, such as a lower recovery rate. There is.

The biggest drawback of conventional high-field gradient magnetic separation systems is that they require backwashing. Note that backwashing is a process of removing or collecting magnetic particles adsorbed to the matrix while the magnetic field is removed. In other words, by driving for a long time,
If the matrix becomes clogged, resulting in decreased recovery or resistance to fluid flow, the role of backwashing is to return it to its initial state. In order to perform backwashing, it is necessary to temporarily stop the line, and backwashing generates dirty wastewater and wastewater containing captured magnetic particles again.
The problem was the processing.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention makes it possible to omit the backwashing step, and also eliminates or significantly shortens the downtime due to backwashing of various devices incorporating magnetic separation devices. The present invention provides a magnetic separation device that can perform

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is characterized in that a container filled with a ferromagnetic matrix in a magnetic field is detachably installed in the flow path of the fluid to be treated, thereby eliminating the need for backwashing. It is something.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the present invention. Reference numeral 5 denotes a container filled with a ferromagnetic matrix 7, which is detachably attached to a flow path 9 for the fluid to be treated via an expansion joint 1. 2 is a sealing puffkin provided between the expansion joint 1 and the container 5. The container 5 is made of a non-magnetic material that has the necessary strength and does not deform or crack due to corrosion or reaction caused by the fluid to be treated, or softening due to heat in some cases. For example, acrylic, vinyl chloride, or aluminum. , brass, austenitic stainless steel, etc. can be used. 6 is a perforated plate provided in the container 5;
8 is a fluid passage hole. Further, a container 4 containing a permanent magnet 3 is placed outside the container 5 as shown in FIG. This container 4 is preferably annular if the container 5 is cylindrical, and if the container 5 is a rectangular tube, plate magnets are attached on both sides of the container 5, as shown in FIG. It is better to face
In addition, when the container 4 is configured in an annular shape, it is convenient to make it divisible so as not to get in the way when the container 5 is attached or removed.

Furthermore, the application of the magnetic field to the ferromagnetic matrix 7 is as follows:
It is not limited to permanent magnets, and for example, electromagnets, solenoids, Helmholtz coils, etc. can also be used. However, permanent magnets are advantageous since they consume no power. As this permanent magnet, any of ferrite type, argentite type, alnico type, Heusler type, etc. can be used. Further, powder-based and plastic-based magnets are advantageous for molding. However, if you intend to remove or collect weakly magnetic or non-magnetic (paramagnetic, diamagnetic, etc.) fine particles, use a strong electromagnet or even a superconducting magnet, as the magnetizing force is weak with ordinary permanent magnets. It is also possible to use

Further, the ferromagnetic matrix filled in the container 5 is appropriately selected depending on the type of fluid, the type and size of particles to be captured, etc. When used in corrosive fluids,
Corrosion-resistant matrix components are required accordingly.

Further, as a matrix, it is advantageous to use a material with strong stiffness (strong springiness) because it is less likely to cause performance deterioration. Amorphous fibers are most suitable for this purpose, and components such as acid resistance, alkali resistance, and salt resistance can be selected depending on the usage environment. Another feature is that it has strong springiness. If ferromagnetic material is removed, the filling factor is also 1 vo
Since approximately H is sufficient, clogging is unlikely to occur over a long period of time, and therefore, the frequency of container replacement is low, making it economical.

In order to capture magnetic particles from a fluid to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention, a container 5 filled with a ferromagnetic matrix 7 is attached to the flow path 9 of the fluid to be treated via an expansion joint 1, and a permanent magnet is placed on the outside of the container 5. Attach container 4 containing 3. Therefore, when the fluid to be treated is caused to flow through the flow path 9, the magnetic particles contained in the fluid are attracted and collected by the ferromagnetic matrix 7.

If the adsorption capacity decreases due to clogging due to use,
The entire container 5 may be removed from the channel 9 and replaced with a new container 5 filled with a ferromagnetic matrix. In this case, in order to replace the equipment without stopping the operation of the equipment installed with the device of the present invention, a plurality of containers 5 (two or three or more) should be placed in parallel in the flow path 9 as shown in FIG. ), and the flow path can be switched using the switching valve 10. Note that a container that is clogged and becomes unusable can be discarded, or only the ferromagnetic pair matrix can be replaced with a new one. Alternatively, used containers can be backwashed and reused.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the apparatus of the present invention eliminates the need for backwashing in the event of clogging, which was an essential step in conventional means, and therefore enables efficient operation and is extremely useful.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the device of the present invention in which the container is cylindrical, in which (a) shows the state in use and (b) shows the state when it is attached and detached. Figure 3(a)
4(b) is a cross-sectional plan view showing a case where the container is in the shape of a rectangular tube in the apparatus of the present invention, and FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are explanatory diagrams showing an example of use of the apparatus of the present invention. 1... Expansion joint, 2... Seal packing, 3...
・Permanent magnet, 4.5... Container, 6... Perforated plate, 7...
・Ferromagnetic matrix, 8...Fluid passage hole, 9...
Flow path, lO... switching valve.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A magnetic separation device that does not require backwashing, characterized in that a container filled with a ferromagnetic matrix in a magnetic field is detachably installed in a flow path for a fluid to be treated. (2) A magnetic separation device that does not require backwashing according to claim 1, wherein the ferromagnetic matrix is an amorphous metal fiber or an amorphous alloy fiber. (3) An annular container containing a radially magnetized arcuate magnet is provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical container filled with a ferromagnetic matrix, and the cylindrical container and the annular container are attached and detached from the flow path of the fluid to be treated. A magnetic separation device that does not require backwashing and is characterized by being freely installed. (4) A magnetic separation device that does not require backwashing according to claim 3, wherein the ferromagnetic matrix is an amorphous metal fiber or an amorphous alloy fiber. (5) A magnetic separation device that does not require backwashing according to claim 3, wherein the annular container containing the arcuate magnet is configured to be divisible.