JPS6323356B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heating device used with an expandable crushing agent using a hydrated expandable substance and a crushing method using the same. In general, expandable crushing agents are characterized by their ability to quietly crush rocks, concrete, etc., without causing noise or vibration problems, by utilizing the expansion pressure generated by the hydration reaction with water. In recent years, it has been widely used for destroying concrete structures. However, at room temperature, the rate of increase in expansion pressure is very slow, and it usually takes about 10 to 24 hours after filling the expanding crushing agent into a hole in the material to be crushed before cracks occur in rocks, concrete, etc. This method requires a long time, and is inferior to methods that use explosives or machinery in terms of work efficiency (cycle) and time required for crushing. As a solution to this drawback, there are methods described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-43416 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-38412. The former method uses an electric heater as a heat source to heat the expandable crushing agent through a casing pipe. However, since the amount of heat supplied per unit time is small, it requires electricity to be turned on for a long time, and furthermore, it is usually necessary to heat many perforations at the same time, making it difficult to secure a power source in the field. In some cases, there was a problem in which the expandable crushing agent was violently ejected from the perforations. In addition, the latter method uses a combustion agent instead of an electric heater to heat the expandable crushing agent, but it uses heat-soluble or flammable polyethylene as the container material for the combustion agent, and the material generated when the container is burned is In order to use the turgor force caused by gas for fracture, a sealing material such as rapidly hardening mortar is used at the opening of the hole, and the crushing effect is not good unless it is completely hardened. There were problems such as a phenomenon in which the agent spewed out from the perforations. As a result of research aimed at fundamentally eliminating the conventional drawbacks while maintaining the advantages of expansible crushing agents, the inventor has found that the purpose has been achieved by adopting the heating device and crushing method described below. He realized what could be achieved and completed the present invention. That is, the first invention of the present application contains an oxidizing agent and a combustible agent as main ingredients in a container having one end closed and the other end open and having a length of 1/3 or less of the depth of a hole provided in the object to be crushed. The present invention relates to a heating device for an expandable crushing agent, which is pressurized with a gasless combustion composition having a calorific value of at least 2,000 cal, and a igniter is attached to the open part of the container. Further, the second invention provides the above-mentioned invention, in which an expandable crushing agent impregnated with water is filled into a hole provided in the object to be crushed up to the mouth of the hole, and a distance of at most twice the diameter of the hole from the mouth is filled. The present invention relates to a crushing method characterized in that a heating device is buried in an expandable crushing agent so that the open end surface of a container of the heating device is located, and crushing is performed. As shown in FIG. 1, the heating device of the present invention includes pressurizing a gas-free combustion composition 2 into the bottom of a container 1 with one end closed and the other end open, leaving a space above. An igniter 3 is attached to the open portion at the other end. Furthermore, the igniter 3 is
an embolus 8, a pair of electrical conductors 7 passing through it;
It consists of a heat generating resistance wire 5 connected to both ends of the wire and an ignition charge 6 applied around it. This heating device 4, as shown in FIG.
It is used by being embedded in an expandable crushing agent 9 filled in a hole provided in the object 10 to be crushed, and when the electric conductor 7 is energized, the heating resistance wire 5 generates heat and the ignition powder around it is generated. 6 is combusted, and the gasless combustion composition 2 is further combusted to generate heat, which heats the surrounding expandable crushing agent 9 through the container 1. As for the calorific value, 2000 cal is sufficient even assuming that the heating device is operated immediately after being buried in the expandable crushing agent, that is, before the expandable crushing agent itself generates heat due to hydration reaction. . The amount of heat generated
If it is less than 2000 cal, the accuracy of estimating the time required for crushing from the time of operation until cracks appear in the crushed object is poor, making it impractical. Further, as the calorific value increases, the time required for crushing is shortened, but even if it exceeds 9,500 cal, no further reduction in the time required for crushing is recognized, and the limit is about 5 minutes. Therefore, there is no substantial advantage in setting the calorific value to more than 9500 cal. Furthermore, from the point of view of accuracy in estimating the time required for crushing, a calorific value of 3500 cal or more is desirable, and in this case the time required for crushing will be approximately within 20 minutes. The generated heat is transferred to the expandable crushing agent through the container of the heating device as described above, but in this case, the influence of the size of the container cannot be ignored. That is, the heating device of the present invention aims to accelerate the hydration reaction locally by heating only the expandable crushing agent at the base of the perforation, but if the length of the container is too long, If it is too long, heat is transferred to the expandable crushing agent through the entire container, which causes the expandable crushing agent to be heated over a wide range, which is undesirable since there is a risk that the expandable crushing agent will be ejected from the perforations. Specifically, the length of the container needs to be 1/3 or less of the depth of the perforation, and as the length exceeds 1/3, the risk of the expandable crushing agent ejecting increases. The material used for the container of this heating device is metal, synthetic resin, glass, ceramic, etc., since it is necessary to prevent water from penetrating or invading, and there is also a risk of damage due to drops or shocks during handling, and there is no gas. From the standpoint of resistance to increases in temperature and gas pressure caused by combustion of the combustion composition, metals and synthetic resins are particularly preferred. Here, when a synthetic resin consisting of a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin is used as the container material, the container melts and burns in the initial stage of combustion of the gasless combustion composition, causing the air inside the container to of combustion gas will be released into the expandable crushing agent, but since the heating device is buried in the opening of the expandable crushing agent, these gases are easily discharged into the atmosphere. There is no possibility that the crushing agent will be ejected from the perforations. In addition, even if a metal with a low melting point such as aluminum is used, a portion of the container into which the gas-free combustion composition is pressurized may be
During combustion, the container melts and creates a hole of about 2 to 3 mm, so the container does not burst and the gas flows out into the atmosphere as described above, so it can be used without any problems. It is important to use an appropriate amount of the combustion composition to be pressurized into the container, which has a temperature rise within an appropriate range and is gas-free, in order to avoid rupture of the container. Note that the term "gas-free" here means that no gas component as a combustion component is generated. This gas-free combustion composition mainly contains an oxidizing agent and a combustible agent, with additives added thereto if necessary. Examples of the oxidizing agent include ferric oxide, red lead, and barium peroxide. , potassium permanganate, etc. Examples of combustible agents include tungsten, potassium permanganate, etc.
For example, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, etc. are used as additives such as iron, silicon, and aluminum. When formulating these, the combustible agent is added in a larger amount than the stoichiometric ratio to prevent excessive oxygen gas from being generated from the oxidizing agent, and if necessary, the above additives are added to lower the combustion temperature. By lowering the temperature, it is possible to prevent the container from bursting. Examples of such gasless combustion compositions include the following formulations. (ferric oxide): (aluminum) = (60-70): (30-40) parts by weight (redundant): (silicon) = (55-84): (16-45) parts by weight (redium: Silicon): (Aluminum oxide) = ((62-79): (8-11)): (10-30) parts by weight Nichrome wire, platinum wire, etc. are used as the low-tension wire for the igniter, and the surrounding The igniter to be applied is one consisting of an oxidizing agent such as red lead-silicon and a combustible agent, or an explosive such as tricinate or diazodinitrophenol, and as the embolus, rubber or plastic is used. Next, the crushing method of the present invention will be explained. This crushing method is characterized by using the heating device of the present invention and embedding it in the opening of the expandable crushing agent filled in the hole provided in the object to be crushed. Conventionally, the location for embedding the heating device in the expandable crushing agent has been roughly divided into the entire borehole (using a container with a length approximately equal to the length of the borehole), the bottom of the borehole, or the middle of the borehole. However, in these cases, after the heating device is buried,
The heating device cannot be operated until 3 hours, preferably about 5 hours have elapsed, which is inconvenient in practice. The reason for this is that before the heating device is activated, the expandable crushing agent at the mouth of the perforation must hydrate and expand to some extent to form a strong lid (functionally equivalent to a seal). This is because the expansion of the crushing agent due to heating may cause the expandable crushing agent at the base of the perforation to be violently ejected as a so-called "gun" phenomenon. Therefore, in an attempt to shorten this time, a strong blocking material has been installed as a separate part at the mouth of the drill hole, but it has not been possible to completely prevent the "gunshot" phenomenon. On the other hand, when a heating device is buried in the drilling mouth using the method of the present invention, the expandable crushing agent around the heating device, that is, near the drilling mouth, is heated before other locations, and the expandable crushing agent in that area is first heated. Since the crushing agent expands and acts as a strong lid, adverse effects such as the above-mentioned "gun" phenomenon can be completely prevented and crushing can be completed in a short time. Further, the method of embedding the heating device in the expandable crushing agent at the mouth of the hole is, specifically, as shown in FIG. In addition, it is desirable to bury the container 1 so that the open side end surface 1a is on the same plane as the perforation mouth surface 9a of the filled expandable crushing agent 9. However, in actual construction, the open side end surface 1a If the hole is buried so that the distance between the hole 1a and the bottom surface 9a of the hole is less than twice the diameter of the hole, crushing can be carried out without problems such as the "gun" phenomenon. Next, the effects will be clarified through Examples and Comparative Examples. The following experiments were conducted at a temperature of 6.
The temperature range was 8°C. Example 1 80 parts by weight of red lead was placed in a 120 mm long copper container with an inner diameter of 13 mm and a thickness of 0.35 mm with one end closed and the other end open.
12 g of a gasless combustion composition obtained by mixing 20 parts by weight of silicon is charged. Next, a platinum wire with a thickness of 30 μm was used as a heat-generating resistance wire, a pair of electrical conductors were connected to both ends of the wire, and an ignition charge consisting of 99.6 parts by weight of tricinate and 0.4 parts by weight of cellulose acetate as a binder was placed around the platinum wire. By passing the above pair of electrical conductors coated with about 8 mg into a cylindrical rubber embolus with an outer diameter of 12.5 mm, the resulting igniter is inserted into the opening of the container, and the outer periphery of the container where the embolus is located is tightened. A heating device was obtained. The calorific value of the gas-free combustion composition was 3800 cal in 12 g. Next, after drilling a total of 4 holes in a 1.0m x 1.0m x 1.0m cube-shaped concrete block according to the drilling conditions below,
Fill each container with an expandable crushing agent impregnated with water up to the opening of the hole, and heat the container so that the open end surface of the container of the heating device is 36 mm from the surface of the hole opening of the filled expandable crushing agent. Bury the device. Immediately thereafter, the electrical conductors of the four heating devices were connected in series to form a circuit, and energized using an 8 μF, 200 V blaster. For one of the four holes, when filling the hole with the expandable crushing agent, an alumel-chromel thermocouple temperature measuring part was placed at a position approximately 20 cm from the bottom of the hole, and the temperature change of the expandable crushing agent was also measured over time. We tracked and measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Drilling conditions Hole diameter: 36 mm Hole depth: 80 cm Hole spacing: 50 cm Example 2 By setting the weight of the gas-free combustion composition to 25 g,
Example 1 except that the calorific value was 7900 cal.
The test was conducted under conditions similar to the above. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 3 After filling the expandable crushing agent and burying the heating device,
The test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the igniter was energized after 2 hours had elapsed.
The results are shown in Table 1. Example 4 The object to be crushed has an inner diameter of 40 mm, a thickness of 1.5 mm, and a length of 65 mm.
cm, a bottomed iron pipe container with a bottom thickness of 1.5 mm,
Bury it in the sand, leaving only the 1cm length on the open side. Next, the iron pipe container is filled with expandable crushing agent up to the opening of the open part, and using the same heating device as in Example 1, the open end surface of the container of the heating device is The heating device is buried at a distance of 60mm from the surface. after that,
I immediately energized the igniter of the heating device with a 3V battery. Additionally, when filling the expandable crushing agent into the steel pipe container mentioned above, an alumel-chromel thermocouple temperature measuring section was placed approximately 10 cm from the bottom of the container to measure temperature changes in the expandable crushing agent over time. did. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 By setting the weight of the gas-free combustion composition to 5 g,
Example 1 except that the calorific value was 1600 cal.
The test was conducted under conditions similar to the above. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 2 The test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the heating device was buried so that the open end of the container of the heating device was 140 mm from the surface of the perforation opening of the expandable crushing agent. I went. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 3 A test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that no heating device was used. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 4 A test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 4, except that no heating device was used. The results are shown in Table 1. As is clear from the results in Table 1, by using the heating device of the present invention, embedding it at the mouth of the expandable crushing agent filled in the hole, and operating it at an arbitrary time, it is possible to Crushing can be completed in a short time. In addition, since the igniter is started by energizing it from a portable battery, blaster, or other power source, compared to conventional methods that use an electric heater as a heating device and require energization for a long time, This is advantageous in terms of security and the time required for a series of operations from the start to the end of energization. Furthermore, the present invention greatly contributes to improving work efficiency (cycle) and improving the crushing force of the expandable crushing agent, and there is no need to use a separate blockage, and the heating device can be operated at will. It has the feature that it can be carried out at any time. 【table】

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the heating device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating the positional relationship when the heating device of the present invention is embedded in an expandable crushing agent. It is. 1: Container, 1a: Open side end surface, 2: Gasless combustion composition, 3: Igniter, 4: Heating device, 5: Heat generating resistance wire, 6: Ignition powder, 7: Electrical conductor, 8: Embolus,
9: Expandable crushing agent, 9a: Perforation mouth surface, 10: Object to be crushed.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An expansible crushing agent filled with a gasless combustion composition containing an oxidizing agent and a combustible agent as main components and equipped with an igniter, one end of which is closed and the other end of which is open. A gas-free combustion composition containing an oxidizing agent and a combustible agent as main components and having a calorific value of at least 2000 cal is pressurized into a container having a depth of 1/3 or less of the depth of the perforation provided in the material to be crushed. A heating device for an expandable crushing agent that has an igniter attached to the open part of the container. 2 In a crushing method using an expansive crushing agent filled with a gasless combustion composition containing an oxidizing agent and a combustible agent as main components and equipped with an igniter, water is impregnated into the perforations provided in the crushed material. The heating device is filled in the expandable crushing agent up to the mouth of the perforation, and the heating device is buried in the expandable crushing agent so that the open end of the container of the heating device A below is at a distance of less than twice the diameter of the perforation from the mouth of the hole. A crushing method characterized by carrying out crushing. (A): In a container with one end closed and the other end open, the length is less than 1/3 of the depth of the hole made in the object to be crushed.
1. A heating device for an expandable crushing agent, comprising a gas-free combustion composition containing an oxidizing agent and a combustible agent as main components and having a calorific value of at least 2000 cal, and an igniter attached to the open part of the container.