JPS615196A - Crushing method of fragile substance - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for crushing brittle materials such as rocks and concrete structures.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, when crushing brittle materials such as rocks or concrete structures using an expansive crushing agent, by supplying heat,
An expansible crushing agent mainly composed of lime-based silicate, which promotes water utilization reactions, is brought into a hydrated state and loaded together with a combustion agent into holes drilled in the object to be crushed in advance. is ignited and combusted, and the combustion heat at that time promotes the development of expansion pressure due to the hydration reaction of the expandable crushing agent, and also gasifies water etc. around the combustion agent and utilizes this gas pressure. There is a method of crushing the material to be crushed. (
(Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-38412) (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the case of this method, the problem occurs before the rapidly hardening mortar used as the sealant hardens or when the expandable crushing agent expands and solidifies. If the combustion agent is burned before it exhibits a sealing effect, the pressure of gas such as water vapor generated during combustion will cause the sealant or expandable crushing agent loaded closer to the hole opening than the position of the combustion agent to burst into the hole. In some cases, the ejected material not only significantly impairs the crushing effect, but also poses a hazard to the surrounding area. In order to avoid such problems, in conventional construction methods, it takes at least 30 minutes even when using rapidly hardening mortar etc. as a sealing agent, and for at least 2 hours when using only an expanding crushing agent to achieve a sealing effect. Because it was necessary to wait for a long time before burning the combustible material, the method was unsuitable for crushing work that required immediate crushing.

Means for Solving the Problems> An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional technology, and to eliminate the need for a sealant other than an expandable crushing agent such as a rapidly hardening mortar, To provide a crushing method that can complete crushing in a short time without the risk of.

That is, in the crushing method of the present invention, a heating tool consisting of a combustion agent container containing a combustion agent and an ignition part, and a linear body with one end fixed to the outer wall of the container is used to crush, for example, lime-based silica in a water-containing state. A heating tool is embedded in the expandable crushing agent together with an expandable crushing agent whose main component is an acid salt, and the heating tool is inserted into a hole prepared in advance at a predetermined position of the object to be crushed, and the expandable crushing agent is Before it solidifies, the linear body is pulled out to create an airway, the combustion agent is combusted by an appropriate means, and the gas pressure generated at that time is radiated out of the hole through the airway, thereby releasing the expandable crushing agent. Prevents eruption from the hole]
Furthermore, this crushing method is characterized by transmitting the combustion heat of the combustion agent to the expandable crushing agent in the reaction process to shorten the crushing time.

Hereinafter, the crushing method of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a brittle object such as a rock or a concrete structure, and 2 is a brittle object to be crushed.
is a hole drilled at a predetermined position in the brittle material 1 to be crushed.

3 is an expansible crushing agent whose hydration reaction is promoted by heating, such as an expansible crushing agent whose main component is lime-based silicate.

4 is a combustion agent container, and on the outer wall of this combustion agent container 4,
The linear body 5 is arranged so that it can be easily detached by pulling it out.
One end is fixed with appropriate means such as adhesive tape (not shown), and the other end is loaded so as to come out of the hole 2. The combustion agent container 4 is a water-impermeable plastic or metal container, and inside contains a combustion agent 6 consisting of a mixture of metal oxide and metal reducing agent, and a nichrome wire that becomes scorching hot when energized. An ignition section 7 made of resistance wires such as the above is housed. Conductive wires 8a and 8b are connected to the ignition part 7, and the other ends are guided out of the hole from the opening of the hole 2.

After loading as shown in the figure, if the linear body 5 of the heating tool protruding from the hole 2 is pulled out before the expandable crushing agent 3 solidifies, it will be fixed to the outer wall of the combustion agent container 4. Linear body 5
One end separates, and the linear body 5 comes out of the hole, forming an airway in the expandable crushing agent 3 that communicates from the vicinity of the combustion agent container 4 to the hole opening. Next, when electric current is passed through the conductors 8a and 8b to scorch the ignition part 7 and burn the combustion agent 6,
The gas generated by the combustion of the combustion agent 6 and the water vapor vaporized by the heat of combustion escape from the hole of the hole 2 through the airway that communicates with the hole. Therefore, since no gas pressure is accumulated in the holes 2, so-called ejection force for discharging the expandable crushing agent 3 from the holes 2 at once does not occur.

Further, the combustion heat of the combustion agent 6 is transferred to the expandable crushing agent 3 near the combustible agent container 4 and the airway, and the hydration reaction of the expandable crushing agent 3 is rapidly promoted. Moreover, for example,
The hydration reaction of the expandable crushing agent 3 whose main component is lime-based silicate is an exothermic reaction. The crushing agent 3 is heated to accelerate the reaction. In this way, a rapid hydration reaction progresses in the expandable crushing agent 3 throughout the interior of the hole 2, and the brittle object 1 to be crushed is crushed in a short time by this expansion pressure.

The material, thickness, number, etc. of the linear bodies used in the present invention are determined by the size of the holes drilled in the brittle object to be crushed. For the commonly used holes with a diameter of 34 to 40 mm, the material is preferably a flexible string, wire, or electric wire, since it is easy to handle, and the thickness is from 1 mm to 10 m + u, preferably. It is 1 mm to 5 mm. If the diameter is less than 11III11, the diameter of the airway formed after the filament is pulled out is small, so the expandable crushing agent may cause the airway to become ff11+, which may impede gas release. Also, the diameter is 1. If it exceeds omm, the volume of the airway becomes too large and the loading density of the expandable disrupting agent becomes relatively low.
The disadvantage is that it takes a long time to crush.

Furthermore, the number of linear bodies may be one or more, but in the case of multiple linear bodies, the combined volume of the entire airway can be reduced by using one wooden linear body with a diameter of 10 mm. For the reasons stated above, it is not preferable for the volume to be larger than the original volume.

Hereinafter, the method for forming an airway has been explained using a flexible linear body as an example, but instead of this linear body, a rod-shaped body such as an iron rod or a plastic rod of the same size as the linear body, or It goes without saying that tubular bodies such as metal tubes and plastic tubes can also be used satisfactorily. In particular, in the case of a tubular body, it may be pulled out to form an airway in the same way as a linear body, or it may be left in the expandable crushing agent without being pulled out and used as an airway.

In addition, instead of pulling out these linear bodies to form an airway, it is possible to first load a heating tool that does not have a linear body, and before burning the combustion agent, a rod-shaped body of the same size as the linear body is inserted. A method in which the airway is formed by pushing the airway into the vicinity of the heating tool and then pulling it out can also be put to practical use.

The combustion agent of the heating tool used in the method of the present invention is a composition consisting of a mixture of a metal oxide and a metal reducing agent. Examples of the metal oxide include iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, etc. As the material, aluminum, magnesium, silicon, etc. are each used singly or as a mixture of two or more.

<Examples and Comparative Examples> Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 A hole with a diameter of 38 mm and a depth of 35 cm was drilled in the center of plain concrete measuring 50 cm in length, 50 cm in width, and 50 cm in height. Iron oxide 7, the main component of which is Fe2O3, is placed in a plastic combustion agent container.
A combustion agent consisting of 20g of a mixed powder of 5 parts by weight of aluminum powder and 25 parts by weight of aluminum powder and an ignition part consisting of a nichrome wire are stored, and a linear body with an outer diameter of 1.5 parts is placed on the outer wall of the combustion agent container. Prepare a heating tool made by fixing one end of a 25 mm vinyl-covered electric wire with vinyl tape, and expand around the heating tool so that the top surface of the combustion agent container of this heating tool is buried 25 cm from the hole opening. A crushing agent (trade name: CALMITE, manufactured by NOYU Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was loaded. After loading as described above, the time from loading to pulling out the linear body (pulling time) and the time from loading to the start of combustion (combustion time) were varied to determine whether or not the expansible crushing agent was ejected and from loading to crushing. The time required to achieve this (crushing time) was investigated. In addition,
As a comparative example, a case in which no linear body was used was also carried out according to the example. The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from the results of Example 1 in Table 1, according to the crushing method of the present invention, even if the combustion agent is burned for 3 minutes after loading the expandable crushing agent and the heating tool, the expandable crushing agent is It can be seen that no eruption occurred and, moreover, the concrete 1 was crushed within 15 minutes after loading.

Examples 5 to 23, Comparative Examples 5 to 7 Concrete and heating tool similar to Examples 1 to 4 (combustion agent container when airway is formed by pushing a rod)
The extraction time (the pushing time when forming an airway by pushing) was set at 2 minutes, the combustion time was set at 5 minutes, and the type, outer diameter, number of linear bodies, rod-shaped bodies, and tubular bodies, and the airways formed by them were determined. The classification of the formation method was as shown in Table 2, and the presence or absence of extrusion of the expandable crushing agent and the crushing time were investigated according to Examples 1 to 4. The results are shown in Table 2.

As shown in Table 2, the crushing method of the present invention can be used to form airways regardless of whether linear bodies, rod-shaped bodies, or tubular bodies are used, and whether the airways can be formed by pulling them out, pushing them in, or leaving them behind. However, it is clear that as long as the total volume of all the airways formed is within a certain range, there is no ejection of the expandable crushing agent and the crushing time is well within a practical range.

<Effects of the Invention> As is clear from the above description, the crushing method of the present invention, that is, a heating tool, etc. is buried in an expandable crushing agent in a water-containing state, and airways are created around the heating tool, etc. The resulting crushing method is an industrially valuable invention that prevents the expulsion of the expandable crushing agent and can extremely shorten the waiting time until the combustible agent is combusted after loading.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention. 1: Brittle object to be crushed 2: Hole 3: Expandable crushing agent 4: Combustion agent container 5: Linear body 6: Combustion agent 7: Ignition part 8a, 8b: Conductor wire Patent applicant: NOYU Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd. Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. Nihon Yushi Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a method of crushing brittle materials such as rocks and concrete structures using an expansible crushing agent that expands in volume through a hydration reaction and a combustion agent, the combustion agent and ignition part are placed in a hole drilled in the brittle material. A heating tool consisting of a stored combustion agent container and a linear body with one end fixed to the outer wall of the combustion agent container is buried therein together with the expandable crushing agent, and then the linear body is pulled out. A crushing method characterized by forming an airway and dissipating gas generated by the heat of combustion of a combustion agent out of the hole through the airway.