JPS63232234A - Heater for electron tube - Google Patents
Heater for electron tubeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63232234A JPS63232234A JP62063795A JP6379587A JPS63232234A JP S63232234 A JPS63232234 A JP S63232234A JP 62063795 A JP62063795 A JP 62063795A JP 6379587 A JP6379587 A JP 6379587A JP S63232234 A JPS63232234 A JP S63232234A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- electron tube
- iridium
- rhodium
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、点火時の熱放射率が安定してほぼ一定値を保
持し、長期間にわたって陰極動作温度の変動が生じ難い
ようにした電子管用ヒータに関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides an electronic device whose thermal emissivity at the time of ignition is stable and maintains a substantially constant value, and whose cathode operating temperature is unlikely to fluctuate over a long period of time. This relates to a pipe heater.
雷−１−管の伶魅形唸極に用りるヒータにけ、ヒータか
ら陰極への熱放射量を増大させ、効率良く陰極を加熱す
るために、従来からヒータの外側を絶縁するアルミナ焼
結層の表面をタングステンの微粒子で被覆して黒みがか
らせ、熱放射率を高めた所謂ダークヒータが使用されて
いた（例えば特公昭３９−３８６４号公報）。In order to increase the amount of heat radiation from the heater to the cathode and efficiently heat the cathode, alumina sintering, which insulates the outside of the heater, has traditionally been used for the heater used in the lightning-shaped whirring electrode of the lightning tube. A so-called dark heater has been used in which the surface of the condensation layer is coated with fine tungsten particles to give it a blackish color to increase the thermal emissivity (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 39-3864).
しかしながら、この糧の電子管用ヒータは、アルミナの
粒子とタングステンの微粒子とが接触した状態で高温に
保持されると、両者の間に反応が進行し、時間の経過と
共にタングステンの微粒子が次第に消失してヒータのア
ルミナ被覆表面の黒みが薄くなり、ヒータの熱放射率が
低下して陰極の温度も低下し、陰極からの電子放出量が
減少し、他方ヒータ温度は上昇してヒータ加熱電流が減
少し、同時にアルミナ層のり２ツクや更にはそれに起因
するヒータ芯線の破断が発生し易くなるなどの問題が生
じていた。However, in this electron tube heater, when alumina particles and tungsten particles are kept in contact with each other at a high temperature, a reaction occurs between the two, and the tungsten particles gradually disappear over time. The blackness of the alumina coating surface of the heater becomes thinner, the thermal emissivity of the heater decreases, the temperature of the cathode also decreases, and the amount of electrons emitted from the cathode decreases, while the heater temperature increases and the heater heating current decreases. However, at the same time, there have been problems such as the alumina layer being glued together and the heater core wire being more likely to break due to this.
特に近年では電子管の高性能化への要求が高まるのに伴
ってヒータを一濁高い温度で使用する傾向になっておシ
、そのためタングステン微粒子の消失が一層生じ易くな
り、大きな問題になυつつある。Particularly in recent years, as the demand for higher performance electron tubes has increased, there has been a tendency to use heaters at considerably higher temperatures.As a result, tungsten fine particles are more likely to disappear, which is becoming a major problem. be.
まだ、ダークヒータ外表面を黒みがからせているタング
ステン微粒子は、電子管の製作工程で容易に酸化され、
こうして形成されたタングステン酸化物は蒸気圧が高い
ため、ヒータ点火時に容易に蒸発、消失し、或いはまた
、それらが陰極スリーブの内壁に付着するなどして陰極
の動作温度を変動させる要因ともなっている。The tungsten particles that still give the outer surface of the dark heater a blackish tint are easily oxidized during the electron tube manufacturing process.
Since the tungsten oxide thus formed has a high vapor pressure, it easily evaporates and disappears when the heater is ignited, or it adheres to the inner wall of the cathode sleeve, causing fluctuations in the operating temperature of the cathode. .
本発明は、従来のダークヒータの問題点、すなわち時間
の経過と共に１ヒ一タ外表面の黒みが薄くなって行き、
その結果、陰極温度の低下、電子放出量の減少などが生
ずる欠点を解消し、長期間にわたってヒータ外表面の黒
みが低下せず高い熱放射率が維持され、陰極温度が長期
間の使用中にも降下せず、したがって陰極に良好な熱電
子放出特性を長期間保持させる電子管用ヒータを提供す
ることを目的とする。The present invention solves the problem of conventional dark heaters, that is, the blackness on the outer surface of the heater becomes lighter over time.
As a result, the shortcomings such as a decrease in cathode temperature and a decrease in electron emission amount are eliminated, and the heater's outer surface remains dark and maintains high thermal emissivity over a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heater for an electron tube in which the cathode maintains good thermionic emission characteristics for a long period of time without dropping.
〔問題点を屏決するための手段〕
このような目的を達成するために本発明による電子管用
ヒータは、ヒータ表面の熱放射率を高める材料として従
来の金属タングステン（Ｗ）の微粒子の代シにイリジウ
ム（Ｉｒ）、ルテニウム（Ｒｕ）、ロジウム（Ｒｈ）の
いずれか１種類あるいはこれらを主体とする合金からな
る微粒子を用いるものである。[Means for determining the problem] In order to achieve the above object, the electron tube heater according to the present invention uses fine particles of metal tungsten (W) as a material that increases the thermal emissivity of the heater surface in place of the conventional metal tungsten (W) particles. Fine particles made of any one of iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), and rhodium (Rh) or an alloy mainly composed of these are used.
本発明においては、イリジウム、ルテニウム。 In the present invention, iridium and ruthenium.
ロジウムのいずれか１種類あるいはこれらを主体とする
合金とアルミナとの反応はほとんど進行せず、ヒータの
高い熱放射率は長期間にわたって安定して維持される。The reaction between any one type of rhodium or an alloy mainly composed of rhodium and alumina hardly progresses, and the high thermal emissivity of the heater is maintained stably for a long period of time.
また、前述したイリジウム。Also, the aforementioned iridium.
ルテニウム、ロジウムのいずれか１種類あるいはこれら
を主体とする合金に、電子管の製作工程においても酸化
されず、陰極の動作温度は安定化される。Ruthenium, rhodium, or an alloy mainly composed of them is not oxidized during the manufacturing process of the electron tube, and the operating temperature of the cathode is stabilized.
以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施例を詳細に説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明による電子管用ヒータの一実施例を示す
断面図である。同図において、ヒータ１は、レニウムを
含むタングステン芯線１の外周面にＪ７さ約７０μｍの
アルミナ層３をｘ着により形成し、さらにこの外周面に
厚さ約１０μｍのイリジウム微粉末（平均粒度１μｍ、
３３％重量比）とアルミナ粉末（平均粒度４μｍ、６７
％重量比）とを混合してなるダーク層４を浸漬塗布して
水素雰囲気中で約１７００℃に５分間保持し、加熱焼結
して完成する。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an electron tube heater according to the present invention. In the figure, the heater 1 is constructed by forming an alumina layer 3 with a J7 size of about 70 μm on the outer circumferential surface of a tungsten core wire 1 containing rhenium, and further coats the outer circumferential surface with fine iridium powder (average particle size of 1 μm) with a thickness of about 10 μm. ,
33% weight ratio) and alumina powder (average particle size 4 μm, 67
% weight ratio) is applied by dip coating, held at about 1700° C. for 5 minutes in a hydrogen atmosphere, and heated and sintered to complete the process.
このように構成された電子管用ヒータは、ダーク層４が
ダーク材料としてのイリジウムと絶縁材料としてのアル
ミナとで構成されているので、このイリジウムとアルミ
ナとの反応が生じにくくなり、その結果、ヒータ１の熱
放射率が長期間にわたって安定して高く維持されること
になる。In the electron tube heater constructed in this way, since the dark layer 4 is composed of iridium as a dark material and alumina as an insulating material, the reaction between iridium and alumina is less likely to occur, and as a result, the heater The thermal emissivity of 1 is maintained stably and high for a long period of time.
このようにして構成されたヒータ１を電子管の陰極に実
装して使用してみた結果、ヒータ温度の変動は極めて小
さく、従来のタングろテン微粒子を用いたヒータに比べ
て約１１５以下であった。When the heater 1 constructed in this way was mounted on the cathode of an electron tube and used, the fluctuation in the heater temperature was extremely small, and was about 115 or less compared to a conventional heater using fine tungsten particles. .
第２図は本発明による電子管用ヒータおよび従来の電子
管用ヒータの動作時間に対するヒータ電流減少率を定格
の１２０俤のヒータ電圧で試験した結果を示したもので
あシ、同図から明らかなようにダーク材料にタングステ
ン粒子を用いた従来のヒータ■は絶縁材料であるアルミ
ナ粒子と反応してヒータ表面からタングステン微粒子が
失なわれると、ヒータからの熱放射量が減少し、これが
ヒータ温度の上昇、ヒータ芯線抵抗の増大を招き、その
結果、動作時間の増加に伴なってヒータ電流が減少する
。これに対してイリジウム微粉末を用いた本発明による
ヒータ■はアルミナ粒子と反応しないので、イリジウム
微粉末が失なわれることがなくなり、シたがってヒータ
からの熱放射量が長時間にわたって安定性良く維持され
るので、ヒータ電流の減少が極めて小さくなる。FIG. 2 shows the results of testing the heater current reduction rate with respect to operating time for the electron tube heater according to the present invention and the conventional electron tube heater at a rated heater voltage of 120 yen. In conventional heaters that use tungsten particles as the dark material, when the tungsten particles react with the insulating material, alumina particles, and are lost from the heater surface, the amount of heat radiated from the heater decreases, which causes the heater temperature to rise. , which leads to an increase in the heater core wire resistance, and as a result, the heater current decreases as the operating time increases. On the other hand, the heater (■) of the present invention using fine iridium powder does not react with alumina particles, so the fine iridium powder is not lost, and therefore the amount of heat emitted from the heater is stable over a long period of time. Since the current is maintained, the decrease in heater current is extremely small.
なお、前述した実施例においては、熱放射率の高い物質
としてイリジウムを用いた場合について説明したが、ル
テニウム、ロジウムのいずれか１種類あるいはこれらを
主体とする合金からなる粒子を用いても前述と全く同等
の効果が得られた。In addition, in the above-mentioned example, the case where iridium was used as a material with high thermal emissivity was explained, but the above-mentioned method can also be achieved using particles made of one of ruthenium, rhodium, or an alloy mainly composed of these. Exactly the same effect was obtained.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、熱放射率の高い物
質としてイリジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウムのいずれか
１種類あるいはこれらを主体とする合金からなる粒子を
用いたことにより、ヒータの熱放射率が長期間にわたっ
て高安定性で維持されるので、カソードは長期間にわた
って良好な電子放出特性を維持し、長寿命、高信頼性の
電子管が得られるという極めて優れた効果を有する。As explained above, according to the present invention, the thermal emissivity of the heater is increased by using particles made of one of iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, or an alloy mainly composed of these as a material with high thermal emissivity. Since the cathode is maintained with high stability for a long period of time, the cathode maintains good electron emission characteristics for a long period of time, and has an extremely excellent effect that an electron tube with a long life and high reliability can be obtained.
第１図は本発明による電子管用ヒータの一実施例を示す
拡大断面図、第２図は本発明および従来の電子管用ヒー
タの動作時間に対するヒータ電流減少率を示す特性図で
ある。
１・・−・ヒータ、２・・・Ｏタングステン芯線、３・
・φ・アルミナ層、４・・・・ダーク層。FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view showing one embodiment of the electron tube heater according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the heater current reduction rate with respect to the operating time of the present invention and the conventional electron tube heater. 1...Heater, 2...O tungsten core wire, 3...
・φ・Alumina layer, 4...Dark layer.
Claims (1)
で被覆し、このアルミナ層の少なくとも一部の領域に熱
放射率の高い物質を含ませた電子管用ヒータにおいて、
前記熱放射率の高い物質としてイリジウム、ルテニウム
、ロジウムのいずれか１種類もしくはこれらを主体とす
る合金からなる粒子を用いたことを特徴とする電子管用
ヒータ。1. In an electron tube heater in which a required portion of a tungsten core wire is covered with a sintered alumina layer, and at least a part of this alumina layer contains a substance with high thermal emissivity,
A heater for an electron tube, characterized in that particles made of any one of iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, or an alloy mainly composed of these are used as the substance with high thermal emissivity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62063795A JPS63232234A (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Heater for electron tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62063795A JPS63232234A (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Heater for electron tube |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63232234A true JPS63232234A (en) | 1988-09-28 |
Family
ID=13239669
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62063795A Pending JPS63232234A (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Heater for electron tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63232234A (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-03-20 JP JP62063795A patent/JPS63232234A/en active Pending
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