JPS63228036A - Spectrometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the sine value of an angle of rotation directly by holding the center of rotation of a disk and the point contact point between a needle and a pin at a constant interval. CONSTITUTION:Light from a light source 1 is made into parallel luminous flux by the slit SL of a collimator system 2 and a lens system L1 and the luminous flux is made incident on diffraction grating G. The diffracted light beam from this grating G is observed by using a telescope 3 including a lens system L2. Further, a pin 6 is fixed on the rotary disk 5 at its periphery and abuts on the movable element 8 of a length detecting means 7 fixed outside the disk 5, and the movable element 8 enters linear motion according to the rotation of the pin 6. Further, the movable element 8 is movable at right angles to a radius perpendicular to the bisector surface of the optical axis of the collimator L1 and the optical axis of the telescope L2. Then the sine value of the angle theta of rotation of the disk 5 to the radius is measured, so the movement quantity of the movable element 8 is measured as the displacement X of the movable element 8 based upon the intersection of the radius and the motion path of the movable element 8 as a reference.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION a. Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a spectrometer, and particularly to a type of spectrometer in which a light dispersion element is rotated using a rotating disk.

b. Conventional technology A light dispersion element such as a prism or a diffraction grating is fixed on a rotating disk, a collimated light beam obtained by a collimator system is irradiated onto the light dispersion element, and a telescope is used to collect the output light from the light dispersion element. Observe and detect specific light. The rotation angle of the light dispersion element when detecting this light is determined using a scale and a vernier scale marked on the circumference of the rotating disk, and the wavelength of the detected light is calculated based on a given calculation formula.

Problems that C0 invention attempts to solve In conventional spectrometers, prisms.

Since the rotation angle of a light dispersion element such as a diffraction grating is detected using notches and a vernier placed at equal intervals on a rotating disk,
It was difficult to measure the rotation angle. In particular, 0° or 360
Detection of the rotation angle when the rotating disk rotates beyond the increments marked with ° is very complicated.

Conversely, it is not easy to rotate the rotating disk by a preset angle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a spectrometer that can easily detect the rotation angle of a rotating disk and, conversely, easily rotate the rotating disk by a preset angle.

d. Differential means for solving the problem The above problem is solved by using a disc that is rotatable around a rotation axis, a light dispersion element placed on the disc, and a light dispersion element fixed outside the disc that distributes the light. A spectroscopy needle comprising a collimator that irradiates a dispersive element with parallel light beams, and a telescope that is fixed outside the disc and observes the light dispersed by the light dispersive element, wherein a pin fixed on the disc and a telescope that A spectrometer comprising a movable element capable of linear movement outside the plate, wherein the movable element is linearly moved by the pin, and the amount of movement of the movable element corresponds to the rotation angle of the disk. resolved by.

e. Operation FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operating principle of a spectrometer when a diffraction grating is used as a light dispersion element.

An incident light beam (2) is incident on a diffraction grating G with a grating interval d, and a diffracted light beam (R) is observed in a direction at an angle 2α with respect to the incident light beam I. The bisecting plane of the incident ray I and the diffracted light wAD is a, the plane perpendicular to the plane a is b, and the normal direction N of the diffraction grating G is the plane a.
Let θ be the angle formed by .

When the wavelength of light is λ and the order of diffraction is n, the diffraction conditions under which a bright line appears on the spectrum are given by the following equation.

n λ =2dsin θcosα Here, for example, n-1, λ-568.82n+w
.

When d=10μ and α−π/4, the following value is obtained as sin θ.

sin θ-4,02X 10-'' Therefore, the wavelength λ and lattice spacing d in this region can be approximated as sin θ-θ.

In the present invention, the diffraction grating G is fixed to a rotating disk, and the rotational movement of a pin fixed on the rotating disk is converted into the linear movement of a movable element outside the disk.

f. Embodiment FIG. 1 is a conceptual top view of a preferred embodiment of the spectrometer according to the present invention.

The light from the light source 1, which emits light to be separated, becomes a parallel beam of light through the slit SL of the collimator system 2 and the lens system L1, and enters the diffraction grating G, which is a light dispersion element.

The diffracted light beam diffracted by the diffraction grating G is detected by the naked eye or by optical analysis means (not shown) using a telescope 3 including a lens system Lx.
observed by.

The diffraction grating G is fixed on a solenoid grating fixing base 4, and the diffraction grating fixing base 4 is fixed to a rotating disk 5 and then rotates together with the rotating disk 5.

Using a known method, the rotation axis of the rotating disk is adjusted so that it is included in the plane formed by the diffraction grating.

The angle 2α between the collimator system 2 and the telescope 3 with respect to the rotation axis O of the rotating disk is known. 2α can be determined, for example, by calibrating using a line spectrum with a fixed wavelength, or by using a scale provided for measuring this angle 2α.

The angle θ formed by the direction of the normal to the diffraction grating G with respect to the bisecting plane of the angle formed by the collimator system 2 and the telescope 3 about the axis of rotation of the rotating disk is determined as follows.

A pin 6 is fixed on the rotating disk 5, and the pin 6 is connected to a movable element 8 of a length detecting means 7 fixed outside the rotating disk 5.
comes into contact with. So that the mover 8 is always in contact with the pin 6,
Preferably, it is biased in the direction of the pin 6 by a spring 9. As the pin 6 rotates, the movable element 8 moves linearly.

Since the movable element 8 moves in a straight line, it can be used as a length detecting means, such as calipers, potency, etc. ! Meters and encoders that convert length into electrical signals can be used.

When using a caliper, the movable element 8 of the caliper is engaged with the pin 6 (see FIG. 2), and the amount of displacement of the movable element 8 is detected by the scale of the caliper. When the rotating disk rotates only in one direction, /<N9 is unnecessary.

When a potentiometer is used, the movable element 8 of the potentiometer is engaged with the pin 6 (see FIG. 3), and the amount of displacement of the movable element 8 is detected from a change in the electrical resistance value of the potentiometer.

When an encoder is used, the displacement of the movable element 8 is detected from the difference in digital signals corresponding to the position of the encoder's movable element.

When the amount of displacement of the movable element 8 with respect to the radius of the rotating disk is small, the displacement of the movable element 8 is proportional to the rotation angle of the rotating disk.

The rotation angle can be determined using an encoder or the like.

The spectrometer according to the present invention is implemented using a close-up ring for a photographic device as the collimator system 2, a lens scope converter for a photographic device as the telescope 3, a record turntable as the rotary disk 5, and a digital caliber (direct view caliper) as the caliper. be able to. When a spectrometer of this type is used for student experiments, there is no need to use a complicated angle meter, so the time can be spent fully understanding the physical essence of spectroscopy, and the original purpose of student experiments can be Able to achieve purpose.

FIG. 4 is a top view of another preferred embodiment of the spectrometer according to the invention, using a decoder for converting electrical signals into lengths. Since FIG. 4 is a modification of FIG. 1, common members are given common reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted.

An oscillation circuit V that generates a sawtooth wave causes the movable element 8 of the decoder D to reciprocate in a sawtooth wave manner.

A pin 6 fixed to the rotary disk 5 is loosely fitted into a notch provided in the movable element 8 (see FIG. 3).

Therefore, the rotating disk 5 reciprocates in a sawtooth wave manner. As a result, the wavelength of the light incident on the telescope 3 changes in a sawtooth wave manner. That is, by amplifying the output of the optical sensor S provided at the rear of the telescope 3 with the amplifier A and displaying the output using the display device R, the optical spectrum of the light source can be obtained.

Knowledge about species can be obtained by applying light that changes its spectrum depending on physical quantities such as time or temperature, such as light that has passed through an electro-optical element or gas chromatograph, as a light source.

g. Effects of the invention Since the rotation angle is converted into linear motion, the rotation angle can be easily detected or controlled.

The table below shows 600 pieces/piece fixed on a disk with a radius of 135N.
Using a diffraction grating of fi, N under the condition of 2α-40'
This is the result of observing the spectrum of . In the table below,
is the amount of pin movement (fi), and λ is the measured wavelength (n+w
), λ. is the wavelength (ns+) according to the Science Chronology (57th edition)
It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a conceptual top view of a preferred embodiment of the spectrometer according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the engagement of a pin fixed to a rotating disc and a mover of a caliper, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of the rotating disc. FIG. 4 is a conceptual top view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the spectrometer. It is an explanatory diagram. 1...Light source, 2...Collimator system, 3
... Telescope, 4... Diffraction grating fixing stand,
5... Rotating disk, 6... Pin, 7...
Length detection means, 8... Mover. Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Procedural proceedings 13 (spontaneous) Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Kunio Ogawa 2 Contents of the amendment to the title of the invention spectrometer 1) Scope of claims Correct as shown in the attached sheet. 2) “On the contrary...” from page 3, line 10 to page 4, line 7
・−・−・−(omitted)・・−・・・−・It was rejected. ” is corrected as follows. Additionally, the sine value of the rotation angle must be calculated based on the measured value of the rotation angle. An object of the present invention is to provide a spectrometer that can directly obtain the sine value of the rotation angle. d. Means for Solving the Problem The above problem consists of a disc rotatable around a rotation axis, a light dispersion element placed on the disc, and a light dispersion element fixed outside the disc. a collimator that irradiates parallel light to the
A spectrometer comprising a telescope fixed outside the disk for observing light dispersed by the light dispersion element, including a pin that rotates together with the disk, and an optical axis that bisects the optical axis of the collimator and the optical axis of the telescope. It is possible to move in a straight line along a straight line perpendicular to the radius connecting the position of the pin and the center of rotation of the disk when the normal line of the light dispersion element is parallel to the line, and for sliding perpendicular to the above straight line. A movable element having a flat surface, with which the pin makes point contact on the sliding plane, and the movable element for measuring the position of the movable element based on the position of the movable element when the pin is located on the radius. It was solved by a spectrometer with length measuring means arranged parallel to the straight line. In other words, by keeping the distance between the center of rotation of the disk and the point of contact between the mover and the pin constant, the sine value of the rotation angle of the disk is converted into the amount of movement of the mover, and the movement of the mover is It was solved by a spectrometer, which obtains the sine value of the rotation angle of the disk by measuring the quantity. β3) "Therefore, this area...(omitted)...--convert" on page 5, lines 7 to 12 is corrected as follows. θ in the above formula is the rotation angle of the light dispersion element with respect to the time when the normal line of the light dispersion element is parallel to the surface 3. Since the light dispersion element is placed on a disk, this angle is equal to the rotation angle of the disk. As the disk rotates, the pin makes point contact with the sliding surface and slides on this surface, while the mover moves linearly.
Since the distance R9 between the point contact point and the center of rotation of the disc is constant, the ratio of the moving amount X of the mover to the above distance is x /
R is equal to the sine value of the rotation angle θ (sin θ−x
/R). Therefore, the above diffraction conditions are modified as follows. nλ-(2dx/R)cosα As a result, the measured value X by the length measuring means is proportional to the wavelength. At this time, R acts as a coefficient factor, so if the position of the pin can be finely adjusted, the ratio between the wavelength value and the reading of the length measuring means can be a simple integer. It is preferable that the tip of the pin has the smallest possible radius of curvature. 4) Correct "Angle θ" in the fourth line from the bottom of page 6 to "Sine value of angle θ". 5) Add the following to page 7, line 4, under “Move in a straight line.” The movable element 8 includes a collimator L1 as shown in FIG.
Optical axis and telescope L! It is movable in a direction perpendicular to a radius perpendicular to the bisecting plane of the optical axis. In order to measure the sine value of the rotation angle θ of the disk with respect to the radius, the amount of movement of the mover is measured as the displacement X of the mover with reference to the intersection of the radius and the motion path of the mover. 6) Page 8, lines 1 to 5, “The rotating disk...”
−・−・・(omitted)・−・・・・−・・−Delete “I can do it.” 7) In the 3rd or 2nd line from the bottom of No. 9, "The rotation angle...-- (omitted) -...----- becomes easier." Since the sine value is converted into linear momentum, the detection of the sine value of the rotation angle and the analysis of spectroscopic measurements are facilitated.'' Claim 1) A disc rotatable around a rotation axis, a light dispersion element placed on the disc, and a light dispersion element fixed outside the disc for irradiating parallel light rays to the light dispersion element. A spectrometer comprising a collimator and a telescope fixed outside the disk for observing light dispersed by the light dispersion element, a pin that rotates together with the disk, and an optical axis between the collimator's optical axis and the telescope's optical axis. It is possible to move in a straight line along a straight line perpendicular to the radius connecting the position of the pin and the center of rotation of the disk when the bisector and the normal line of the light dispersion element are parallel, and perpendicular to the above straight line. a movable element having a sliding plane, the pin making point contact on the sliding plane, and measuring the position of the movable element with reference to the position of the movable element when the pin is located on the radius. A spectrometer comprising length measuring means arranged parallel to said straight line for the purpose of the invention. 2) The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the mover is a mover of a caliper. 3) Claim 1, wherein the movable element is a movable element of an encoder that converts length into an electrical signal.
Spectrometer described in ). 4) Claim 1) characterized in that the movable element is a movable element of a decoder that converts an electrical signal into a length.
Spectrometer as described in section. 5) The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the light dispersion element is a diffraction grating. 6) The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the collimator comprises a close-up ring for a commercially available photographic device and a slit arranged in the focal plane of the close-up ring for a photographic device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A disc rotatable around a rotation axis, a light dispersion element placed on the disc, and a parallel light beam irradiated onto the light dispersion element fixed outside the disc. and a telescope fixed outside the disk for observing the light dispersed by the light dispersion element, the spectrometer includes a pin fixed on the disk and a pin capable of linear movement outside the disk. A spectrometer comprising a movable element, wherein the movable element is linearly moved by the pin, and the amount of movement of the movable element corresponds to the rotation angle of the disk. 2) The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the mover is a mover of a caliper. 3) Claim 1) characterized in that the movable element is a movable element of an encoder that converts length into an electrical signal.
Spectrometer as described in section. 4) The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the movable element is a movable element of a decoder that converts an electrical signal into a length. 5) The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the light dispersion element is a diffraction grating. 6) The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the collimator comprises a commercially available close-up ring for a photographic device and a slit arranged in the focal plane of the close-up ring for a photographic device.