JPS6322770B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for treating culms in a field,
Among the waste culms discharged from the threshing equipment, the stem culm on the stock side is shredded, but the tip part is not shredded and accumulated in rows to make it easier to incinerate. It is about the method.

After this type of threshing process, there are two methods for treating the waste culm: one method is to tie it up in a long state, and the other method is to cut it into pieces and then scatter it on the field, rot it, and return it as compost. In the latter case, the length is 70-80mm
The entire length of the culm was shredded to a certain extent, but in some regions, due to back-crop issues, a method is adopted in which part or all of the shredded culm scattered in the field is incinerated.

However, the shredded culm scattered on the field is extremely difficult to burn, requires a long time to incinerate, and has the problem of extinguishing the flame midway through the process. Another problem with the method of using shredded culms as compost is that if the entire amount of shredded culms is composted, there will be an excess of fertilizer.

By the way, on the culm side, the culm part of the base of the stock is straight and easy to absorb moisture, but the tip part is a collection of small and small culms, and these branches spread out like branches. When the stalks and twig stalks are intertwined with each other and overlap, there is an advantage that they tend to aggregate in a swollen and soft three-dimensional shape.

Furthermore, when cutting the culm with a disc blade cutter equipped with a large number of disc blades along the entire length of the culm in a combine harvester, etc., if the culm is fed in a direction parallel to the shaft that supports the disc blades, the culm will be cut to a fixed length. Conversely, if the culm is supplied in a non-parallel direction, the cutting length may become longer than a predetermined value, or the culm may become uncut.

The present invention skillfully applies this phenomenon and the above-mentioned advantages of the tip section, and although the culm removal process is performed using a disc blade cutter with a large number of disc blades along the entire length of the culm, the tip section is not thin. To provide a method for disposing of culms in a field, by discharging the culms in pieces, thereby creating an accumulated state of rows due to the entanglement and overlapping of branches and stems remaining as they are, and efficiently performing incineration. The purpose is to

The method for processing waste culms in a field according to the present invention that achieves the above object is to pass the waste culms discharged from the feed chain of a threshing device to a disc-blade cutter having a large number of disc blades along the entire length of the culm, and use a regulating means to cut the waste culms into the ears. The culm part on the stock side side is shredded by the disc blade cutter, and the tip part passes vertically between the disc blades, leaving it in a non-shredded state. As the culm progresses, unshredded tips are accumulated on the sides of the shredded culm in rows.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a feed chain 2 is provided on the side of the threshing section 1 of the combine C, a culm chain 3 is provided obliquely behind the feed chain 2, and a culm belt 4 is provided in parallel with this. It is provided. A disk-blade cutter 5 is provided below the delivery end of the culm discharge chain 3, and is provided with a large number of disk-blade cutters along the entire length in the culm direction. As shown in FIG. 2, this disc-blade cutter 5 is composed of a feed blade 5a and a disc-shaped cutting blade 5b, and the culm is dropped between the two and cut by the cutting blade 5b, which rotates at a higher speed than the feed blade 5a. It is composed of This feed blade 5
As shown in FIG. 1, a gap S of approximately 3 to 5 mm is provided between the cutting blade 5b and the cutting blade 5b.

Next, a method for cutting the tip of the culm into a long length will be explained.

The culm 6 is sent out from the end of the feed chain 2 and is gripped by the culm chain 3 and the culm belt 4.
is oriented in the transverse direction of the machine body, but this embodiment is characterized in that the tip is delayed before being fed into the disc-blade cutter 5.

As a specific means, a regulating member 7 and/or 7' is provided on the side of the culm exhaust chain 3 or the culm exhaust belt 4. This regulating member 7 or 7' is bent downward in the direction of movement of the culm, as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the culm 6 advances, it is caught by this and the tip portion 6a is delayed.

Further, a regulating member 10, which is pivotally supported by a pin 9, is attached to the vine guide plate 8 so as to be moved forward and backward in the movement path of the culm using a handle 11. Therefore, when this regulating member 10 is used in combination, the tip of the ejected culm can be accurately delayed.

Reference numeral 12 denotes an oil tank, which sprinkles fuel oil from a nozzle 13 onto the culm, which is difficult to burn, to facilitate combustion treatment. The location where this fuel oil falls is at the tip. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the disc blade cutter 5
Below the side plate 15, a sink plate 14 is pivotally supported inside the side plate 15 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, so that the tips of the ears are gathered toward the center of the body and are allowed to fall.

Next, the method for treating culms according to the present invention will be explained.

As shown in Figure 4, combine harvester C is installed in the field.
Grain culms are harvested as the grain progresses, and while moving through the threshing section 1 in the feed chain 2, they are threshed to form a shedding culm 6, which is then transferred to a shedding culm chain 3 and a culm shedding belt 4 provided downstream of the threshing section 1. It is grabbed and transferred to the fuselage in an almost horizontal position, and then pulled into the center of the fuselage. (Fig. 1) There are regulating members 7 and 10 near the end of the exhaust culm chain 3.
As a result, the tip portion 6a other than the stock root portion 6b held by the culm exhaust chain 3 is bent, forming a “dog” shape and remaining on the threshing portion 1 side to the disk blade cutter 5. Supplied.

As described above, when the tip part 6a other than the stock base part 6b held between the culm chain 3 and the waste culm belt 4 is bent into a dogleg shape and fed to the disc blade cutter 5 in a delayed manner, the stock part 6b becomes a disc. Although it is parallel to the axis of the blade cutter 5, the tip portion, which is supplied later than the stem portion 6b, is oblique to the disc blade. Therefore, the stock base portion 6b is connected to the cutting blade 5b as shown in FIG.
The culms are shredded into lengths according to the arrangement and become shredded culms 6b', which are then scattered and returned to the field. On the other hand, the tip portion 6a is fed diagonally or vertically between the cutting blades 5b, so that it is cut longer than the shredded culm 6b' to form 6a', or remains uncut. Fall onto the field.

As shown in FIG. 2, since there is a gap S between the feeding blade 5a and the cutting blade 5b, the tip portion 6a fed diagonally or vertically with respect to the cutting blade 5b as described above is inserted into the gap S. Some of them pass through the culm, and as a whole, the culms 6a' are either cut longer than the shredded culms 6b' of the stock base 6b, or remain uncut.

Therefore, the tip portion 6a' is longer than the interval between the cutting blades 5b, and when it falls into the field, its direction is regulated by the cutting blade 5b, and it falls into the field in a substantially upright or slanted state. do.

In this case, the sink plate 14 shown in FIG.
By protruding into the falling path of a', the tip part 6
It is possible to drop a' in a state where it is easier to collect.

If the regulating members 7 and 7' are supported so as to be rotatable as shown in Fig. 3, by rotating them to a position where they do not contact the culm, the entire length of the culm can be shredded as in the conventional method. be able to. In addition, since the regulating member 6 can be fixed by moving it in and out in the length direction, by adjusting the position of the regulating member 6, the tip part 6 of the culm can be fixed.
The bendable length of a can be adjusted. In other words, the delay amount of the tip portion 6a fed into the disc blade cutter 5 is regulated to cut the tip portion 6a longer than the stock base portion 6b, or the uncut state 6
This can be done as b′. In addition, by using the regulating member 10 together with the regulating member 7 or alone, it is possible to apply resistance to the tip portion 6a and accurately cause a delay before feeding it into the disc blade cutter 5, so that the regulating member 6 and 7 or by adjusting the bending length of the discarded culm tip 6a by the regulating member 10, the shredding length and non-shredded release length with respect to the length of the discarded culm can be changed, and the side stem at the base of the plant in the shredded state can be Since the length ratio between the culm and the unshredded ear tip can be easily adjusted, the ratio between the amount of waste straw to be returned directly to the field and the amount of waste straw to be incinerated can be set.

The tip portion 6a' discharged from the disc blade cutter 5 in an unshredded or uncut state is a branch stalk,
With the twig stalks remaining as they are and easy to aggregate, the fourth
As shown in the figure, the shredded culms 6b' that fell onto the field as the combine machine moved were collected in a swollen and soft aggregate state on one side of the field, so that they were accumulated in rows as shown in Figure 5. The tip portion 6a′ accumulated in swollen and soft rows is
It is well-ventilated and easy to dry, and if it is ignited, it will easily burn and turn into ash G, which can be used as potassium fertilizer. Further, the shredded culms 6b' at the base of the plant, which have been shredded and scattered on the field, are sold and returned as compost.

The present invention uses a disc blade cutter that is equipped with a large number of disc blades along the entire length of the culm so that the entire length of the culm can be shredded at once, as in the past. By supplying the culm to the disc-blade cutter in a state in which the tip of the culm lags behind the stock base using the regulating means, the culm on the stock-base side of the culm is shredded by the disc-blade cutter. The tip of the eggplant can be made into a non-shredded state in which the tip passes between the blades in the vertical direction and the branch stalks and twig stalks remain intact.

In addition, as the aircraft advances, the unshredded tip of the head is not mixed into the shredded culm, but instead forms a swollen and soft part where the branch stalks and twig stalks intertwine or overlap with each other on the side of the shredded culm. It can be accumulated in the field in rows. The tips of the ears, which have accumulated in swollen and soft rows in this field, are easily dry and flammable, so fire from one end of the rows can propagate without interruption and burn out efficiently in a short period of time. The incineration process becomes easy and the processing time for waste culms can be shortened.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a cut portion of a culm in a combine harvester, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the same side. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the root part of the culm is cut short and the tip part is cut long at the cutting part. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which shredded culms are scattered in a field, and FIG. 5 is an AA cross section in FIG. 4 showing a state in which the tips of the culms are ridged and spread. 1... Threshing department, 2... Feed chain, 3...
Culm exhaust chain, 4... Culm exhaust belt, 5... Disc blade cutter, 5a... Feeding blade, 5b... Cutting blade, 6...
...Culm, 6a... Tip portion, 7, 7', 10... Regulating member, 12... Oil tank, 14... Sink plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The waste culm discharged from the feed chain of the threshing device is fed to a disk cutter, which is equipped with a large number of disk blades along the entire length of the culm, after being regulated by a regulating means so that the tip of the head lags behind the stock side, and the disk is cut into disks. The stem culm at the base of the plant is shredded with a blade cutter, and the tip of the head passes vertically between the disc blades, leaving it in a non-shredded state.As the machine advances, the unshredded end of the head becomes row-like. A method for processing shredded culms in a field by accumulating them on the sides.