JPS63225337A - Optically active liquid crystal compound and liquid crystal composition containing said compound - Google Patents

Abstract

NEW MATERIAL:An optically active compound shown by formula I [R1 is 1-18C alkyl or group shown by formula II (R3 is 1-16C alkyl); C* is asymmetric carbon; R2 is as shown for R3)]. EXAMPLE:Nonanoic acid 4'-[4''-(2''-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenyl. USE:One component for liquid crystal composition. A liquid crystal compound. Addition of the liquid crystal compound to nematic liquid crystal can prevent occurrence of reversed domain in TN type cell. The liquid crystal compound is useful as a liquid crystal element providing normal animation display causing no inversion phenomena even at high-speed drive. PREPARATION:A compound shown by formula III is reacted with p- toluenesulfonic acid shown by formula IV in pyridine to form a compound shown by formula V, which is reacted with p,p'-biphenol in ethanol solvent in the presence of KOH to give a compound shown by formula VII. Then this compound is reacted with a compound shown by formula VIII to give a compound shown by formula I.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition containing the same, and a liquid crystal element using the liquid crystal composition.

l1IL As a conventional liquid crystal element, for example, M-Shut (M,
5chadt) and W. Helfrich (W.

He1frich) “Applied Physics Leaders Volume 18, No. 4”
sicsLetters” (published February 15, 1971), PL27-128 “Voltage Dependent Optical Behavior of Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystals”
ent 0ptical Activity of
a Twisted Nematic Li1quid
A device using a TN (twisted nematic) liquid crystal described in Crysta1'' is known. However, this TN liquid crystal suffers from crosstalk during time-division driving using a matrix electrode structure with high pixel density. The number of pixels was limited due to the problem of

Furthermore, its use as a display has been limited due to its slow electric field response and poor viewing angle characteristics.

Furthermore, a display element is known in which a switching element using a thin film transistor is connected to each pixel, and each pixel is switched. However, the process of forming the thin film transistor on the substrate is extremely complicated, and it is difficult to use a display element with a large area. There are some problems that make it difficult to create.

To improve the drawbacks of conventional liquid crystal devices, the use of bistable liquid crystal devices is proposed by Clark (C1
Ark) and Lagerwal, I. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-107216, US Pat. No. 4,367,924, etc.). As a liquid crystal having bistability, a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a chiral smectic phase (SmC*) or an H phase (Sml-1*) is generally used.

This ferroelectric liquid crystal has a very fast response speed due to its spontaneous polarization, and can also develop a bistable state with memory properties.Furthermore, it has excellent viewing angle characteristics, so it has a large capacity. Suitable as a screen display.

Furthermore, since the materials used as ferroelectric liquid crystals contain asymmetric carbon, in addition to being used as ferroelectric liquid crystals that utilize their chiral smectic phase, they can also be used as optical elements such as the following. can.

l) One that utilizes the cholesteric-nematic phase transition effect in the liquid crystal state (JJ, Wysoki.

A, Adams and W, Haas; Ph
ys, Rev.

Lett, 20.1024 (1968)), 2) one that utilizes the White-Tiller type guest-host effect in the liquid crystal state (D, L, W h it
eand G, N, Taylor; J, App
l, Phys.

Cho, 4718 (1974)), etc. are known.

Although detailed explanations of individual methods will be omitted, they are important as display elements and modulation elements.

In such a method using the electro-responsive optical effect of liquid crystal, it is said that it is preferable to introduce a polar group in order to improve the responsiveness of the liquid crystal. In particular, it is known that the response speed of ferroelectric liquid crystals is proportional to the spontaneous polarization.
In order to increase speed, it is desired to increase spontaneous polarization. From this point of view, P. Keller et al. showed that it is possible to increase spontaneous polarization and speed up the response speed by directly introducing a chlorine group into an asymmetric carbon (C, R, A
cad.

Sc, Paris, 282 C, 639 (197
6)). However, the chlorine group introduced into the asymmetric carbon is chemically unstable and has the disadvantage that the stability of the liquid crystal phase decreases due to the large atomic radius.
Improvement is desired.

On the other hand, functional materials required for optical elements characterized by having optical activity are often synthesized via optically active intermediates, but the optically active intermediates used conventionally include 2. -Methyl butanol, secondary octyl alcohol, secondary butyl alcohol, p-(2-methylbutyl)benzoic acid chloride, secondary phenethyl alcohol, amino acid derivatives, camphor derivatives, cholesterol derivatives, etc., and these optically active intermediates Polar groups were rarely introduced into . For this reason, the method of increasing spontaneous polarization by directly introducing a polar group into an asymmetric carbon atom has not been used effectively.

-From "LΩ" 1 Hakuichi The present invention has been made in view of the above points.

That is, the present invention provides a liquid crystal compound that has increased polarity and improved electric field responsiveness of a liquid crystal by directly introducing a stable fluorine group with a large dipole moment into an asymmetric carbon atom, and a liquid crystal that contains at least one type of the same. The purpose is to provide a composition.

In the present invention, it is easy to change the length of the alkyl group, and this allows H, Arnold, Z, Phys, Chem.
,.

226.146 (1964), a liquid crystal compound capable of controlling the type and temperature range of a liquid crystal phase developed in a liquid crystal state, a liquid crystal composition containing at least one compounded compound thereof, and the liquid crystal An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal element having a composition.

The present invention has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, and is based on the general formula ('I) [where R1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms]. , or R3-@- (wherein R3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms), and the C tree represents an asymmetric carbon atom. The present invention also provides an optically active liquid crystal compound represented by the formula R2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and a liquid crystal composition containing a small amount (both of which are one component) of the optically active liquid crystal compound.

The present invention also provides a liquid crystal element using such a liquid crystal composition.

The optically active liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention is preferably synthesized by the following synthetic route from the optically active 2-fluoro-1-alkanol shown in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 60-232886. is synthesized by

(Here, R1+R2 are as defined above.) The liquid crystal composition of the present invention is represented by the above general formula (1),
At least optically active liquid crystal compounds! It is contained as a type compounding component.

Among the above compositions, those containing ferroelectric liquid crystals as represented by the following formulas (1) to (13) can increase spontaneous polarization and have the effect of lowering the viscosity. This is preferable because the response speed can be improved in combination. In such a case, 0 of the liquid crystal composition from which the optically active liquid crystal compound of the present invention represented by general formula (1) can be obtained.
．． (1) CH3 used in a proportion of 1% to 99% by weight, especially 1% to 90% by weight
(2) CH3CrY
S t , -1◆S m A ---I SO.

SmC*/'43.5 (3) CH3Crys
t, -1 medium SmC*--◆SmA -1◆Iso.

(4,) CH34
-Undecyloxybenzoic acid 4'-(2-methylbutyloxy)phenyl ester 49.5 63 Cr y s t , --◆S m A-+r s o
.

4-Doanloxybenzoic acid 4'-(2-methylbutyloxy)phenyl ester 4-decyloxybenzoic acid 4'-(2-methoxypropyloxy)phenyl ester Cryst, SmA-1+Iso
.

4.4'-Azoquine Cinnamic Acid-Bis(2
-methylbutyl)ester 4-o-(2-methyl)-butylresorsolian-4'-octylaniline (MB
RΔ8) 4-(2'-Methylbutyl)phenyl-4' octyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate 78℃ 80℃ $ 128.3℃ 171
．． 0”CI74.2℃ ；=tSm3 ；==Sm
C;==SrnA;=2Ch;:=Iso.

4-hexyloxyphenyl-4-(2'-methylbutyl)biphenyl-4'-carboxylate 4-octyloxyphenyl-4-(2'-methylbutyl)biphenyl-4'-carboxylate 4-heptylphenyl-4 -(4'-methylhexyl)
Biphenyl-4'-carboxylate Nyl-4'-carboxylate A composition that can be used as a ferroelectric liquid crystal by blending it with a smectic liquid crystal that itself is not chiral, such as those shown by the following formulas 1) to 5). You can get things.

In this case, the optically active liquid crystal compound of the present invention represented by general formula (1) is added to
Preferably, it is used in an amount of 1 to 90% by weight.

monocarboxylate 4.4' -decyloxyazoxybenzene 2-(4'
-hexyloxyphenyl)-5-(4-hexyloxyphenyl)pyrimidine 2- (4'-ocdyloquinophenyl)-5-nonylpyrimine C8H+t O+COO+ QC, s!
-1,.

4'-Pentyloxyphenyl-4-octyloquine benzoe-1.Here, the symbols indicate the following phases, respectively.

Cryst: crystal phase, SmA: smectic A phase, SmB/smectic B phase, SmC: smectic C phase, N: nematic phase, Iso: tokichi phase.

Further, the optically active liquid crystal compound of formula (1) is effective in preventing the occurrence of reverse domains in a TN cell by adding it to a nematic liquid crystal.

FIG. 1 schematically depicts an example of a cell for explaining the operation of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. lla and llb are In2O3, 5n02 or ITO (Indiu
A substrate (glass plate) coated with a transparent electrode made of a thin film such as m-Tin oxide), between which a liquid crystal molecular layer 12 is oriented perpendicular to the glass surface.
*phase or SmH* phase liquid crystal is enclosed.

A thick line 13 represents a liquid crystal molecule, and this liquid crystal molecule 13 has a dipole moment (P) 14 in a direction perpendicular to the molecule. When a voltage higher than a certain threshold is applied between the substrate 21 and the electrode on llb, the liquid crystal molecules 13
The helical structure is unraveled, and the dipole moment (P soil) 1
The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 13 can be changed so that all of the liquid crystal molecules 4 are oriented in the direction of the electric field. The liquid crystal molecules 13 have an elongated shape and exhibit refractive index anisotropy in the long axis direction and the short axis direction. Therefore, for example, if crossed Nicol polarizers are placed above and below the glass surface, voltage can be applied. It is easily understood that the liquid crystal optical modulator is a liquid crystal optical modulator whose optical characteristics change depending on the polarity.

The liquid crystal cell preferably used in the optical modulation element of the present invention can be made sufficiently thin (for example, 10μ or less).As the liquid crystal layer becomes thinner (as shown in FIG. 2), The helical structure of the liquid crystal molecules unravels even when no electric field is applied to the cell, and the dipole moment Pa or pb takes either an upward (24a) or downward (24b) state. As shown in the figure (when an electric field Ea or Eb of different polarity above a certain threshold value is applied by the voltage applying means 21a and 21b, the dipole moment is directed upward 24a or downward 24b in accordance with the electric field vector of the electric field Ea or Eb. The liquid crystal molecules are oriented in either the first stable state 23a or the second stable state 23b according to the direction change.

As mentioned earlier, there are two advantages to using such ferroelectricity as an optical modulation element.

The first is that the response speed is extremely fast, and the second is that the alignment of liquid crystal molecules has bistability. To further explain the second point, for example with reference to FIG. 2, the electric field Ea
When the voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the first stable state 23a, and this state remains stable even when the electric field is turned off. Further, when an electric field Eb in the opposite direction is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented to the second stable state 23b and change their orientation, but they remain in this state even after the electric field is turned off. Also, the electric field E
As long as a or Eb does not exceed a certain threshold, the respective previous orientations are maintained. In order to effectively realize such fast response speed and bistability, it is preferable for the cell to be as thin as possible, and generally 0.5
μ to 20μ, especially 1μ to 5μ are suitable.

Next, a specific example of a method for driving a ferroelectric liquid crystal will be explained using FIGS. 3 to 5.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cell 3I having a matrix electrode structure in which a ferroelectric liquid crystal compound (not shown) is sandwiched between. 32 is a scanning electrode group, and 33 is a signal electrode group. First, the case where scanning electrode S1 is selected will be described. FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(b) are scanning signals, which are electric signals applied to a selected scanning electrode S and other scanning electrodes (unselected scanning electrodes) S, respectively.
2. S3. It shows the electrical signals applied to S4... FIG. 4(C) and FIG. 4(d) show information signals of the selected signal electrode II+'3+I5 and the unselected signal electrode 12. It shows the electrical signal applied to I4.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage, respectively. For example, when displaying a moving image, the scanning electrode groups 32 are sequentially and periodically selected.

Now, the predetermined voltage application time 1. Or, if the threshold voltage for providing the first stable state of a liquid crystal cell having bistability with respect to t2 is -V+hi, and the threshold voltage for providing the second stable state is +V lh2, then the selected scan The electrode signal given to the electrode 32 (S,) is as shown in FIG.
), the voltage is alternating such that at phase (time) 1+ it is 2V and at phase (time) t2 it is -2V. When electrical signals having multiple phase intervals with different voltages are applied to the scanning electrodes selected in this way,
The first state of the liquid crystal corresponds to the optical "dark" or "bright" state.
Alternatively, an important effect can be obtained in that a state change between the second stable states can be caused quickly.

On the other hand, the other scan electrodes S2 to S,...
As shown in Fig. 4(b), the electrical signal is O (grounded). Also, the electrical signal given to the selected signal electrode ■1゜13+'5 is as shown in Fig. 4(C). v
and unselected signal electrode 12. The electrical signal applied to I4 is -V as shown in FIG. 4(d). In the above, each voltage value is set to a desired value that satisfies the following relationship.

V<Vth2<3V -3V<-V+h+<-V Figure 5 shows the voltage waveforms applied to each pixel, for example, pixels A and B in Figure 3 when such an electrical signal is applied. Shown in (a) and (b). In other words, Fig. 5 (
As is clear from (a) and (b), a voltage of 3V exceeding the threshold value Vlh2 is applied to the pixel A on the selected scanning line at phase t2. Further, to the pixel B existing on the same scanning line, a voltage of -3V exceeding the threshold value -Vt old is applied at phase t. Therefore, depending on whether or not a signal electrode is selected on the selected scanning electrode line, if the signal electrode is selected, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the first stable state, and if not selected, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the first stable state. Align the orientation to the stable state of 2.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5(c) and 5(d), on the unselected scanning line, the voltage applied to all pixels is V.
or 1), neither of which exceeds the threshold voltage. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules in each pixel other than on the selected scanning line maintain the orientation corresponding to the signal state when scanned last time without changing the orientation state. That is, when a scanning electrode is selected, 1912 worth of signals are written, and the signal state can be maintained until the next selection after one frame is completed. Therefore, even if the number of scanning electrodes increases, the actual duty ratio does not change and the contrast does not deteriorate at all.

Next, let us consider the problems that may actually occur when the device is driven as a display device.

In Fig. 3, scanning electrodes S, ~S, ... and signal electrodes ■
Among the pixels formed by the intersections of 1 to I, . . . , the pixels in the shaded areas correspond to the "bright" state, and the pixels shown in white correspond to the "dark" state. Now, paying attention to the display on the signal electrode 11 in FIG. 3, the pixel (A
) is in the "bright" state, and all other pixels (B) are in the "dark" state. As an example of the driving method in this case,
FIG. 6 is a time-series representation of the scanning signal, the information signal applied to the signal electrode (2), and the voltage applied to the pixel A.

For example, when driving as shown in Fig. 6, the scanning signal S
When , is scanned, at time t2, a voltage of 3V exceeding the threshold Vlh2 is applied to pixel A. Move (switch) to 82~S,...
While the pixel A is being scanned, a voltage <-V continues to be applied as shown in FIG. 6, but since this does not exceed the threshold value -Vlhl, the pixel A should be able to maintain its "bright" state. In reality, when displaying information in which one signal (corresponding to "dark" in this case) is continuously given on one signal electrode, the number of scanning lines is extremely large and high-speed driving is required. However, by using the above-mentioned specific liquid crystal compound or a liquid crystal composition containing the same, such a reversal phenomenon can be completely prevented.

Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to prevent the above-mentioned reversal phenomenon, it is preferable to provide an insulating film made of an insulating material on at least one of the opposing electrodes constituting the liquid crystal cell.

The insulating materials used in this case are not particularly limited, but include silicon nitride, silicon nitride containing hydrogen, silicon carbide, silicon carbide containing hydrogen, silicon oxide, boron nitride, and hydrogen. Inorganic insulating materials such as boron nitride, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide and magnesium fluoride, or polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyesterimide, polyvaraxylene, polyester, Organic insulating materials such as polycarbonate, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyamide, polystyrene, cellulose resin, melamine resin, urea resin, acrylic resin, and photoresist resin are used as the insulating film. The thickness of these insulating films is 5000 Å or less, preferably 100 Å or less.
From 500 to 3000 people is suitable.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Synthesis of 4'-(4'-(2"'-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenyl nonanoate (1) 4-
Synthesis of [4'-(2'-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenol 20 g of 2-fluorooctatotool was dissolved in 90 ml of pyridine, and 30 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid chloride was added to this.
g was added over 20 minutes at below 0° C. in an ice-water bath. 7 at room temperature
After stirring for an hour, the mixture was poured into 600 mf of ice water, made acidic with a 6N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and then extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer was washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off, and purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain 2-
Fluorooctyl-p-toluenesulfonate 39.9
I got g.

p,p'-biphenol 19.7g85%KOH13
, 300ml of ethanol was added to 6g of the mixture and refluxed. Under reflux, 39.9 g of the above 2-fluorooctyl-p-)luenesulfonate was added dropwise over 50 minutes. After further refluxing for 10 hours, the mixture was allowed to cool, poured into 1 liter of ice water, acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid (pH-1), extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After the solvent was distilled off, methylene chloride was added to remove the dissolved material, and 4-(4'
7.37 g of -(2'-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenol was obtained.

IR (KBr) cm-' 3450, 2980.2940.2870.1620.
1510°1260, 825 (2) Nonanoic acid-4'-['4'(2'''-
Synthesis of phenyl (fluorooctyloxy)phenyl 4- [4'(2'-fluorooctyloxy)
Phenyl] 2g of phenyl and 7mI of pyridine! was added and dissolved. While cooling with water, 1.5 g of nonyl acid chloride was added dropwise.

After stirring at room temperature overnight, the mixture was poured into ice water, acidified (pH-1) with 6N hydrochloric acid, and extracted with ethyl acetate.

After washing with water, it was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After distilling off the solvent,
Silica gel column chromatography (methylene chloride/
Nonanoic acid-4'-[4' (2
16 g of ``'-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenyle was obtained.

I R (K B r ) cm-'2980, 29
50.2880.1770.1620.1510°12
30, 1165. 840 Phase transition temperature Example 2 2-methyl-〇-valeric acid-4'-(4'(2'''
-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenyl 2-
8 ml of thionyl chloride was added to 1 m7 of methyl-n-valeric acid, and the mixture was refluxed for 3 hours, and excess thionyl chloride was distilled off.

Benzene was added and further distilled off to obtain an acid chloride.

4- (4'(2'-Fluorooctyloxy) phenyl] phenyl 2 g 1 pyridine 7 mf,) toluene 5 m
17 was added thereto, and the above acid chloride was added dropwise over 10 minutes under water cooling. After the addition, the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. After pouring into ice water, the mixture was made acidic (pH-1,) with 6N hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. After washing with water, it was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The solvent is distilled off,
Silica gel column chromatography (methylene chloride/
After purification with hexane No. 3), it was recrystallized from ethanol and 2-methyl-〇-valeric acid 4'-[4' (
2'''-Fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenyl o, 9 g/l.

I R(K B r ) cm-' 2980, 2950.2880.1775.1615.
1515°1230.1145 Phase transition temperature Example 3 trans-4-propylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid-
Synthesis of 4'-(4'(2''-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl)phenyl 4-[4'(2'-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenyl 2g1 pyridine 6ml, toluene 6m
! ! was added, and a solution of 1.4 g of trans-4-propylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid chloride in 5 ml of toluene was added dropwise under water cooling. After dropping, stir overnight at room temperature and add 90ml of ice water.
I opened it inside l'. The mixture was made acidic (pH-1) by adding 6N hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. It was washed with water, a 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and water in this order, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.

The solvent was distilled off and recrystallized from ethanol-ethyl acetate.
rans-4-propylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid-4
1.02 g of '-(4'(2'''-fluorooctyloxy)phenyl]phenyl was obtained.

I R(K B r ) cm-' 2980.2950, 2870, 1750.16+, 5
, 1510° 1220.1140 Phase transition temperature Example 4 A polyimide film (pyromellitic anhydride and 4,4'-amino A 5-fold 1% N-methylpyrrolidone solution of a polyamic acid resin consisting of a compound bound with diphenyl ether was applied, and a layer (formed by a ring-closing reaction by heating at a temperature of 250°C) was provided, and the surfaces of this polyimide film were made parallel to each other. A cell with a cell thickness of 1 μm was prepared by rubbing.

Next, the following composition A was injected into the above-mentioned cell by a vacuum injection method under the Tokichi phase, and the cell was sealed. After that, slow cooling (1
'c/hour) to create an S m C tree liquid crystal cell.

A crossed nicol polarizer and an analyzer were placed on both sides of this liquid crystal cell, and a signal having the waveform shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 was applied between opposing matrix electrodes. At this time, the scanning signal has an alternating waveform of +8 volts and 18 volts as shown in Fig. 4(a),
The write information was set to +4 volts and 14 volts, respectively. Further, the 1 frame period was set to 30 mm sec.

As a result, even when this liquid crystal element was subjected to the above-described memory-driven time-division driving, the written state was not reversed and a normal moving image display was obtained.

Comparative Example 1 Nonanoic acid-4'- represented by the aforementioned general formula (1) in the liquid crystal composition used when creating the liquid crystal element of Example 4
(4'(2'''-Fluorooctyloxy)phenyl) The following comparative liquid crystal B in which phenyl was omitted was prepared, and a liquid crystal element was created using the comparative liquid crystal.

These liquid crystal elements were driven in the same manner as described above, but
The video was not displayed normally due to an inversion phenomenon.

Example 4 5 parts by weight of the liquid crystal compound of Example 1 was added to 95 parts by weight of p,p-pentylazoxybenzene to obtain a liquid crystal composition. It was observed that a TN cell (twisted nematic cell) using this liquid crystal composition had a significantly reduced reverse domain compared to a TN cell manufactured without adding this compound.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The novel liquid crystal compound of the present invention or the liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound is a liquid crystal compound or liquid crystal composition that improves response speed, and a liquid crystal element containing the same does not cause an inversion phenomenon even when driven at high speed. This is a liquid crystal element that can display normal moving images.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are perspective views schematically showing a time-division drive liquid crystal element used in the present invention, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a matrix electrode structure used in the present invention, and FIGS. 4(a) to (d). ) is an explanatory diagram showing the electric signal applied to the matrix electrodes, FIG. 5(a) to (d) is an explanatory diagram showing the waveform of the voltage applied between the matrix electrodes, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a time chart showing electrical signals to be applied. 11a,llb・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
···········river·············
・・・・・・Substrate, 12・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Liquid crystal molecular layer, 13...
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・Liquid crystal molecules, 14・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・Dipole moment (P engineering)
,23a・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・First stable state, 23b・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・Second stable state, 24a...
・・・・・・・・・・・・Upward dipole moment,
24b・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・Downward dipole moment, 31 ・・・・・・
················river········
river························
・・・・・・ Cell, 32...(S+ + s2+
Ss r...)...Scanning electrode group, 3
3...(1+ + I2 r I3+...)...
......Signal electrode group. /BJ 33 Shin J! Kasumibomine

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) The following general formula (I) ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ (I) [Here, R_1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or ▲ Numerical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. etc. ▼ indicates (however, R_3 indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms), and C^* indicates an asymmetric carbon atom. Also, R
_2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms]. (2) The following general formula (I) ▲ Numerical formula, chemical formula, table, etc. ▼ (I) [Here, R_1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or R_3▲ Numerical formula, chemical formula , tables, etc. ▼ (where R_3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms), and C^* represents an asymmetric carbon atom. and R_2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms. (3) The following general formula (I) ▲ Numerical formula, chemical formula, table, etc. ▼ (I) [Here, R_1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or R_3▲ Numerical formula, chemical formula , tables, etc. ▼ (where R_3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms), and C^* represents an asymmetric carbon atom. Further, a liquid crystal element using a liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound represented by R_2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.