JPS63224798A - Anaerobic digestion process - Google Patents
Anaerobic digestion processInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63224798A JPS63224798A JP62058898A JP5889887A JPS63224798A JP S63224798 A JPS63224798 A JP S63224798A JP 62058898 A JP62058898 A JP 62058898A JP 5889887 A JP5889887 A JP 5889887A JP S63224798 A JPS63224798 A JP S63224798A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mill
- treatment
- anaerobic digestion
- sludge
- wet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001621 ilium bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020138 yakult Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、下水汚泥や農水産廃棄物の嫌気性消化法の改
良に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an improved method for anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge and agricultural and fishery wastes.
なおこの明細書では、林業、畜産業およびそれらからの
産物の加工業等において生じる廃棄物も含む広い意味で
農水産廃棄物という。In this specification, the term agricultural and fishery waste is used in a broad sense to include waste generated in forestry, livestock farming, and the processing of products from these industries.
従来の技術
下水処理場において発生する初沈汚泥、余剰汚泥、消化
汚泥等は、そのまま脱水後、焼却されたり廃棄されるこ
ともあるが、近年、嫌気性消化法により処理されること
が多くなった。嫌気性消化法は、嫌気状態で嫌気性菌を
増殖させることにより汚泥中の有機物を主としてメタン
ガスに分解させ、汚泥固形物の減量を行うものである。Conventional technology Initial settling sludge, surplus sludge, digested sludge, etc. generated in sewage treatment plants are sometimes incinerated or disposed of after dehydration, but in recent years, anaerobic digestion has been increasingly used to treat sludge. Ta. The anaerobic digestion method decomposes organic matter in sludge mainly into methane gas by growing anaerobic bacteria in an anaerobic state, thereby reducing the amount of sludge solids.
汚泥の嫌気性消化処理は、燃料として利用可能なメタン
ガスが得られること、消費エネルギーが少ないこと、病
源菌の死滅率か高いこと、消化済み汚泥の処分が容易な
ことなど、多くの利点を持つ。しかしながら、一般に嫌
気性菌の増殖が遅いため、たとえば活性汚泥槽から発生
する余剰汚泥をこの方法で処理した場合の消化率（有機
物分解率）は、２０〜３０日を費しても３０〜４０％程
度にとどまる。Anaerobic digestion of sludge has many advantages, including the ability to obtain methane gas that can be used as fuel, low energy consumption, high kill rate of pathogenic bacteria, and easy disposal of digested sludge. . However, since the growth of anaerobic bacteria is generally slow, the digestibility (organic matter decomposition rate) when surplus sludge generated from an activated sludge tank is treated with this method is 30-40% even after 20-30 days. It remains at about %.
同様の問題は、製あんなと農水産物加工工場からの廃棄
物、家畜糞尿、方体処理廃棄物、魚腸骨などを嫌気性消
化処理しようとする場合にもあり、したかって、これら
の分野における嫌気性消化法の普及率はまだ極めて低い
。Similar problems occur when attempting to anaerobically digest waste from manufacturing plants, agricultural and fishery product processing factories, livestock manure, cube-processed waste, fish iliac bones, etc. The penetration rate of anaerobic digestion is still extremely low.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
上述のように、従来の嫌気性消化法は能率、効率、共に
低く、そのため大型の消化槽を必要とし、固形物の減量
効果も満足できるものではなかった。Problems to be Solved by the Invention As mentioned above, the efficiency and efficiency of the conventional anaerobic digestion method are low, and therefore a large-sized digestion tank is required, and the solid matter reduction effect is not satisfactory.
そこで本発明は、従来の嫌気性消化法における上述の問
題点を解決し、より短時日でより高い消化率を達成でき
るよう、嫌気性消化法を改良することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional anaerobic digestion method and to improve the anaerobic digestion method so that a higher digestibility can be achieved in a shorter time.
問題点を解決するための手段
上記課題を解決するために本発明において採択された手
段は、下水汚泥または農水産廃棄物を嫌気性消化するに
当り、嫌気性消化に先立って被処理物に湿式ミル処理を
施すことを特徴とする。Means for Solving the Problems The means adopted in the present invention to solve the above problems is that when anaerobically digesting sewage sludge or agricultural and fishery waste, the material to be treated is subjected to a wet process prior to anaerobic digestion. It is characterized by being subjected to milling treatment.
本発明の方法において嫌気性消化の前処理として行う湿
式ミル処理は、水中に懸濁している固形物に主として剪
断摩擦力を作用させることにより固形物の微細化を行う
処理であって、具体的には、回転円筒式ミル、振動ボー
ルミル、遠心式ボールミル、媒体撹拌式ミル、コミイド
ミル等を用いて行う高度の摩砕処理を意味する。湿式ミ
ル処理には、被処理物の性状に応じて、」二連の各種ミ
ルの中から適当なものを選んで使うことかできるが、媒
体撹拌式ミルが処理効果の点で最もすぐれており、好ま
しい。The wet milling process performed as a pretreatment for anaerobic digestion in the method of the present invention is a process in which solids are pulverized by mainly applying shear frictional force to solids suspended in water. means a high-grade grinding process performed using a rotating cylindrical mill, a vibrating ball mill, a centrifugal ball mill, a media agitation mill, a comid mill, or the like. For wet mill processing, depending on the properties of the material to be processed, it is possible to select an appropriate mill from a variety of dual mills, but media agitation mills are the most effective in terms of processing effectiveness. ,preferable.
媒体撹拌式ミルは、円筒状容器に挿入した攪拌用ディス
クを高速で回転させることによって容器内の小ボール・
ビーズを激しく撹拌し、ビーズ間に剪断摩擦力を生ヒさ
せて摩砕を行うものであって、用途に応して大小様々な
ビーズが使われるが、本発明において好ましいのは、粒
径が０．０５−１ｍ＋。A media stirring type mill rotates a stirring disk inserted into a cylindrical container at high speed to generate small balls and
Grinding is carried out by stirring the beads vigorously and creating a shearing friction force between the beads. Beads of various sizes can be used depending on the purpose, but in the present invention, beads with a particle size of 0.05-1m+.
のビーズを用いるものである。その場合、撹拌用ディス
クの回転数は１０００−３０００ｒｐ＋ｎ （周速１０
−３０ｍ／５ｅｃ）程度、被処理汚泥の滞留時間は通常
の汚泥を処理する場合で５〜６０分程度が適当である。beads. In that case, the rotation speed of the stirring disk is 1000-3000 rpm+n (peripheral speed 10
-30m/5ec), and the residence time of the sludge to be treated is approximately 5 to 60 minutes when ordinary sludge is treated.
湿式ミル処理は、必要に応じて他の任意の前処理たとえ
ば超音波処理やアルカリ処理と併せて施すことができる
。なお、被処理物が初沈汚泥や農産廃棄物のように粗大
なものを含む場合は、湿式ミル処理を施す前にホモンナ
イザー等を用いて充分破砕しておくことが望ましい。Wet milling can be performed in conjunction with any other pretreatment, such as ultrasonication or alkali treatment, if necessary. Note that if the material to be treated contains coarse materials such as pre-settled sludge or agricultural waste, it is desirable to sufficiently crush the material using a homogenizer or the like before performing wet mill treatment.
湿式ミル処理を施した後の嫌気性消化処理は全く任意の
方式により行うことができ、用いる嫌気性菌の種類、消
化温度、消化日数、消化槽型式等に制限はない。The anaerobic digestion treatment after the wet mill treatment can be performed in any manner, and there are no restrictions on the type of anaerobic bacteria used, the digestion temperature, the number of days for digestion, the type of digester, etc.
本発明による嫌気性消化法は、前述のような各種下水汚
泥や農水産廃棄物のいずれの処理にも適したものであり
、またそれらの混合物の処理においても実施可能なもの
である。The anaerobic digestion method according to the present invention is suitable for the treatment of various sewage sludges and agricultural and fishery wastes as described above, and can also be implemented for the treatment of mixtures thereof.
昨−里
本発明の方法における湿式ミル処理は、汚泥その他の被
処理物を、その中の微生物が細胞壁まで破壊され、また
セルロース繊維がフィブリル化を起こすほど、高度に摩
砕する。これにより、有機物の大部分を嫌気性菌が基質
として利用し易い状態にし、消化され難い微生物の含有
率が特に高い余剰汚泥や消化汚泥を処理する場合でも短
時間で高率の消化が行われるようにする。The wet mill treatment in the method of the present invention grinds sludge and other materials to be treated to such a high degree that microorganisms therein are destroyed down to the cell walls and cellulose fibers undergo fibrillation. This makes most of the organic matter easily available to anaerobic bacteria as a substrate, and even when processing surplus sludge or digested sludge that contains a particularly high content of hard-to-digest microorganisms, a high rate of digestion can be achieved in a short period of time. do it like this.
ヌ施例 以下、実施例および比較例を示して本発明を説明する。Nu example The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
実施例 １
標準的な都市下水処理場において発生した初沈汚泥、余
剰汚泥および消化汚泥（嫌気性消化法による）を、媒体
撹拌式ミル・Ｄｙｎｏｍｉｌｌ （スイスＢａｃｈｏｆ
ｅｎ社製）により、ビーズ粒径０．１ ｍｍ、ディスク
回転数３０００ｒｐｍ（周速１．５ ｍ／５ｅｅ）、滞
留時間２０分の条件でそれぞれ処理し、その後、種汚泥
とともに容積１０Ｃの消化槽に封入し、消化槽温度を３
７±３°Ｃにコントロールし且つ２０ Ｏｒｐｍの回転
式攪拌機で連続的に攪拌しなが呟嫌気性消化処理した。Example 1 First-settled sludge, surplus sludge, and digested sludge (by anaerobic digestion method) generated in a standard urban sewage treatment plant were processed using a media stirring type Dynomill (Bachof Switzerland).
(manufactured by EN) under the conditions of a bead particle size of 0.1 mm, a disc rotation speed of 3000 rpm (circumferential speed 1.5 m/5ee), and a residence time of 20 minutes.Then, the sludge and seed sludge were placed in a digestion tank with a volume of 10 C. The temperature of the digester was set to 3.
The anaerobic digestion was carried out under controlled temperature of 7±3°C and with continuous stirring using a rotary stirrer at 20 Orpm.
比較のため、同じ汚泥について、上記湿式ミル処理を施
さずに嫌気性消化処理した。For comparison, the same sludge was subjected to anaerobic digestion without the above-mentioned wet mill treatment.
その結果は第１表のとおりで、消化効率はミル処理なし
のものと比べて初沈汚泥の場合に約１．２倍、余剰汚泥
の場合に約１．５倍、消化汚泥の場合に約３倍となった
。The results are shown in Table 1, and the digestion efficiency is about 1.2 times that of first-settled sludge, about 1.5 times that of surplus sludge, and about 1.5 times that of digested sludge compared to that without mill treatment. It has tripled.
比較例
実施例１と同様の嫌気性消化処理において、前処理をミ
キサー処理（回転内刃と回転外刃とを持つ１５＋０００
ｒｐｍのミキサーで１時間処理）に変更して嫌気性消化
を行なった。Comparative Example In the same anaerobic digestion treatment as in Example 1, the pretreatment was performed using a mixer treatment (15+000 with a rotating inner blade and a rotating outer blade).
Anaerobic digestion was performed using a mixer at rpm for 1 hour.
その結果を実施例１の結果と比較して第２表に示す。The results are shown in Table 2 in comparison with the results of Example 1.
発明の効果
本発明の嫌気性消化法においては、」二連のように湿式
ミル処理によって被処理物が高度に摩砕され、微生物の
細胞も破壊されるので、単にフロック等を解砕するにす
ぎないミキサー処理等の粉砕処理を前処理として施す場
合よりもはるかに顕著な消化速度の向上と消化率の改善
が達成される。Effects of the Invention In the anaerobic digestion method of the present invention, the material to be treated is highly ground by the double wet mill treatment, and microbial cells are also destroyed. A much more remarkable improvement in the digestion rate and digestibility can be achieved than in the case where a grinding treatment such as a moderate mixer treatment is performed as a pretreatment.
手続補正書 昭和６２年７月２８日 特許庁長官 小 川 邦 夫 殿 １、事件の表示 昭和６２年特許願第５８８９８号 ２、発明の名称 嫌気性消化法 ３、補正をする者 事件との関係 特許出願人 建設省土木研究所長 （６８Ｂ）株式会社ヤクルト本社 フジタ工業株式会社 ４、代理人 〒１０７東京都港区北青山３−６−１８６、補正の対象 明細書の発明の詳細な説明の欄Procedural amendment July 28, 1986 Mr. Kunio Kogawa, Commissioner of the Patent Office 1.Display of the incident 1988 Patent Application No. 58898 2. Name of the invention anaerobic digestion 3. Person who makes corrections Relationship to the incident: Patent applicant Director of Civil Engineering Research Institute, Ministry of Construction (68B) Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd. Fujita Industries Co., Ltd. 4. Agent 3-6-186 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, subject to correction Detailed description of the invention in the specification
Claims (2)
るに当り、嫌気性消化に先立って被処理物に湿式ミル処
理を施すことを特徴とする嫌気性消化法。(1) An anaerobic digestion method for anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge or agricultural and fishery waste, which is characterized in that the material to be treated is subjected to wet mill treatment prior to anaerobic digestion.
、遠心式ボールミル、媒体撹拌式ミルまたはコロイドミ
ルにより行う特許請求の範囲第１項記載の嫌気性消化法
。(2) The anaerobic digestion method according to claim 1, wherein the wet milling process is performed using a rotary cylindrical mill, a vibrating ball mill, a centrifugal ball mill, a media stirring mill, or a colloid mill.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62058898A JPS63224798A (en) | 1987-03-16 | 1987-03-16 | Anaerobic digestion process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62058898A JPS63224798A (en) | 1987-03-16 | 1987-03-16 | Anaerobic digestion process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63224798A true JPS63224798A (en) | 1988-09-19 |
| JPH0415040B2 JPH0415040B2 (en) | 1992-03-16 |
Family
ID=13097615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62058898A Granted JPS63224798A (en) | 1987-03-16 | 1987-03-16 | Anaerobic digestion process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63224798A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02211297A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-08-22 | Fujita Corp | Treatment of sludge |
| EP0908416A1 (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 1999-04-14 | Lykos Establishment | Anaerobic process for combined treatment of sewage sludges and organic solid waste |
| JP2000167597A (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-06-20 | Japan Sewage Works Agency | Anaerobic digestion of organic sludge |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000185236A (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-07-04 | Unitika Ltd | Method and apparatus for crushing sludge |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5613091A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-07 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Treating method of waste containing organic material |
-
1987
- 1987-03-16 JP JP62058898A patent/JPS63224798A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5613091A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-07 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Treating method of waste containing organic material |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02211297A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-08-22 | Fujita Corp | Treatment of sludge |
| EP0908416A1 (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 1999-04-14 | Lykos Establishment | Anaerobic process for combined treatment of sewage sludges and organic solid waste |
| JP2000167597A (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-06-20 | Japan Sewage Works Agency | Anaerobic digestion of organic sludge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0415040B2 (en) | 1992-03-16 |
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