JPS6321716B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6321716B2
JPS6321716B2 JP16522381A JP16522381A JPS6321716B2 JP S6321716 B2 JPS6321716 B2 JP S6321716B2 JP 16522381 A JP16522381 A JP 16522381A JP 16522381 A JP16522381 A JP 16522381A JP S6321716 B2 JPS6321716 B2 JP S6321716B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
powder
iron
bag
mixture
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP16522381A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5865784A (en
Inventor
Masakatsu Ishii
Kazuya Kitazumi
Toshitsugu Sawara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kiribai Chemical Industry Co
Original Assignee
Kiribai Chemical Industry Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kiribai Chemical Industry Co filed Critical Kiribai Chemical Industry Co
Priority to JP56165223A priority Critical patent/JPS5865784A/en
Publication of JPS5865784A publication Critical patent/JPS5865784A/en
Publication of JPS6321716B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6321716B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は発熱時の温度の立上りが速くかつ保管
時のガスの発生が少ない新規なカイロに関する。 鉄の空気酸化によつて生ずる熱を利用するカイ
ロは、火を使わず安全で手軽に使用できることか
ら、近年、たとえば使い捨てカイロとして広く販
売されている。そのようなカイロには、鉄のほか
に水、金属中性塩、炭素質物質、保水剤などが配
合された混合物を袋体に封入することにより製造
されている。 鉄としては反応面積を大きくするなどして酸化
反応をスムーズに行なうために粒状または粉状の
ものが用いられ、さらに還元法によつてえられた
還元鉄粉が一般に用いられている。 しかし、鉄の空気酸化という反応自体が本来激
しいものではないため、平衡温度(一般に50〜60
℃)に達するまで約3〜4時間を必要としてい
る。また寒冷地においてはさらに発熱開始時の温
度の立上りがわるく、役に立たないこともある。 そのような発熱開始時の温度の立上りを改善す
るべく本発明者らは種々研究を重ねたが、満足す
るものはえられなかつた。 本発明者らはさらに研究を重ねた結果、鉄粉、
炭素質物質、水および金属中性塩からなる従来の
発熱組成物に硫化鉄粉を配合するとき、発熱時の
温度の立上りが速くなることを見出し、さらに従
来問題となつていた保管時のガスの発生も抑制で
きることを見出し、本発明を完成した。 本発明に用いることのできる硫化鉄粉としては
鉄元素とイオウ元素が種々の割合で結合した硫化
鉄の粉末があげられるが、価格、人手の容易さな
どから黄鉄鉱の粉末が好ましい。粒度は小さくな
ればなるほど温度の立上り速度は速くなるが、細
かすぎると取り扱いにくくなるので好ましくな
い。この現象は鉄粉についてもいえる。用いる鉄
粉としては還元鉄粉がとくに好ましい。 市販の硫化第一鉄粉や黄鉄鉱粉を鉄粉に代えて
用いたばあい殆んど発熱しないということから、
本発明において硫化鉄は鉄の酸化を促進する作用
を果しているものと考えられる。 硫化鉄粉の配合割合は、鉄粉100部(重量部、
以下同様)に対して約150部以下、とくに約2〜
70部が好ましい。150部を超えても発熱の立上り
は向上するが、カイロ全体の重量が増大し、カイ
ロとして不適当である。 本発明において用いる金属中性塩としては塩化
ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウムなど
があげられるが、価格その他の点から塩化ナトリ
ウムが好ましい。炭素質物質は酸化触媒として用
いるものであり、たとえば活性炭粉が好ましい
が、適宜ヤシ殻炭粉などに置換えてもよい。その
ほか保水剤を用いてもよい。保水剤としては、木
屑、バーミキユライト、繊維粉、高吸水性樹脂ま
たはそれらの混合物があげられる。 また未処理鉄粉のみを用いるばあいガスが発生
するが、従来その発生を抑えるためにガス発生抑
制剤として水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、
炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化カ
ルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、プロピオン酸ナトリ
ウムなどの無機または有機のアルカリまたはアル
カリ弱酸塩などを配合していた。しかし、そのよ
うなガス発生抑制剤を添加すると発熱反応が若干
損なわれることがある。ところが、硫化鉄粉を配
合するときにはガスの発生が少なくなるので、と
くにガス発生抑制剤を用いる必要はない。しか
し、ガス抑制剤を用いることを制御するものでは
ない。 本発明のカイロにおける好ましい配合割合は鉄
粉と硫化鉄粉の混合物100部に対して水20〜70部、
炭素質物質0.1〜80部、金属中性塩1〜20部、保
水剤1〜500部である。また要すれば、前記ガス
発生抑制剤を硫化鉄粉100部に対して0.1〜4部配
合してもよい。 また要すれば酸化剤を適当量配合してもよい。 以上の混合物を封入する袋体としては、通常通
気性を有する内袋と非通気性の外袋からなるもの
が用いられる。 本発明のカイロに用いる外袋としては、非通気
性のものであればそのほかの制限はなく、ラミネ
ートされているものでもよい。好ましいものとし
ては、たとえばOPP,CPP、ポリ塩化ビニリデ
ンなどにより防湿処理されたナイロン、ポリエス
テル、ポリプロピレンフイルム、さらにはアルミ
箔またはアルミ蒸着されたプラスチツクフイルム
などがあげられる。 この種カイロの内袋は通常不織布が用いられて
いるが、通気性を有するものであればよく、たと
えば布、紙なども用いられうる。 つぎに実施例、比較例および試験例をあげて本
発明のカイロを説明するが、本発明はかかる実施
例のみに限定されるものではない。 実施例 1〜5 還元鉄粉(粒度100メツシユパス)25g、硫化
第1鉄粉(粒度60メツシユパス、一級試薬、和光
純薬工業(株)製)を第1表に示す量、水12g、塩化
ナトリウム1.5g、バーミキユライト2.5g、活性
炭粉(CA、武田薬品工業(株)製)2g、ヤシ殻炭
(粒度50メツシユパス)7gおよび高吸水性樹脂
(サンウエツトIM―300、三洋化成工業(株)製)
0.83gを充分混合したのち通気性の袋体に封入
し、それらの発熱状態を調べた。 袋体としてはナイロン不織布の内面にポリエチ
レンをラミネートしたものの中央部に6mm幅、8
mm間隔で片面150個穿孔(0.5mm径の針使用)した
ものを用いた。 測定は封入後、ただちに数十回振り、毛布4枚
を重ねた上におき、熱電対を挾んだ上に毛布2枚
を重ねて行なつた。室内温度は約8℃に保つた。 それらの結果を第1表に示す。 比較例 1 硫化第一鉄粉を用いなかつたほかは実施例1と
同様に配合、混合し、袋体に封入してその発熱状
態を実施例1と同様にして測定した。 比較例 2 還元鉄粉を用いなかつたほかは実施例1と同様
に配合、混合し、不織布製の袋体に封入してその
発熱状態を実施例1と同様にして測定した。 それらの結果を第1表に示す。
The present invention relates to a novel body warmer that quickly heats up when generating heat and generates less gas during storage. Warmers that utilize the heat generated by the air oxidation of iron are safe and easy to use without the use of fire, so they have been widely sold as disposable body warmers in recent years. Such body warmers are manufactured by filling a bag with a mixture containing water, neutral metal salts, carbonaceous substances, water retention agents, etc. in addition to iron. Granular or powdered iron is used in order to increase the reaction area and perform the oxidation reaction smoothly, and reduced iron powder obtained by a reduction method is generally used. However, since the reaction itself of air oxidation of iron is not inherently violent, the equilibrium temperature (generally 50 to 60
It takes about 3 to 4 hours to reach the temperature (°C). In addition, in cold regions, the rise in temperature at the start of heat generation is slow and may be useless. The inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies to improve the rise in temperature at the start of heat generation, but have not been able to find anything satisfactory. As a result of further research, the inventors found that iron powder,
It was discovered that when iron sulfide powder is added to a conventional exothermic composition consisting of a carbonaceous material, water, and a neutral metal salt, the temperature rises faster during exothermic generation, and the gas during storage, which had previously been a problem, was found to be faster. The present invention has been completed based on the discovery that the occurrence of can also be suppressed. Examples of the iron sulfide powder that can be used in the present invention include iron sulfide powder in which iron and sulfur elements are combined in various proportions, but pyrite powder is preferred from the viewpoint of cost, ease of labor, and the like. The smaller the particle size, the faster the rate of temperature rise, but if the particle size is too small, it becomes difficult to handle, which is not preferable. This phenomenon also applies to iron powder. As the iron powder used, reduced iron powder is particularly preferable. When commercially available ferrous sulfide powder or pyrite powder is used in place of iron powder, it generates almost no heat.
In the present invention, iron sulfide is considered to have the effect of promoting the oxidation of iron. The blending ratio of iron sulfide powder is 100 parts of iron powder (parts by weight,
(same below), approximately 150 copies or less, especially approximately 2~
70 parts is preferred. If the amount exceeds 150 parts, the rise in heat generation will be improved, but the weight of the whole body warmer will increase, making it unsuitable as a body warmer. Examples of neutral metal salts used in the present invention include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride, but sodium chloride is preferred from the viewpoint of cost and other factors. The carbonaceous material is used as an oxidation catalyst, and, for example, activated carbon powder is preferred, but it may be replaced with coconut shell charcoal powder or the like as appropriate. In addition, a water retention agent may also be used. Examples of water retention agents include wood chips, vermiculite, fiber powder, superabsorbent resins, or mixtures thereof. In addition, when using only untreated iron powder, gas is generated, but conventionally, in order to suppress the generation, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
It contained inorganic or organic alkali or weak alkali salts such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and sodium propionate. However, the addition of such gassing inhibitors may slightly impair the exothermic reaction. However, when iron sulfide powder is blended, gas generation is reduced, so there is no need to use a gas generation inhibitor. However, it does not control the use of gas suppressants. The preferred mixing ratio in the warmer of the present invention is 20 to 70 parts of water to 100 parts of the mixture of iron powder and iron sulfide powder;
0.1 to 80 parts of carbonaceous material, 1 to 20 parts of metal neutral salt, and 1 to 500 parts of water retention agent. If necessary, 0.1 to 4 parts of the gas generation inhibitor may be added to 100 parts of iron sulfide powder. Further, if necessary, an appropriate amount of an oxidizing agent may be added. The bag for enclosing the above-mentioned mixture is usually one consisting of a breathable inner bag and a non-breathable outer bag. The outer bag used in the body warmer of the present invention is not subject to any other restrictions as long as it is non-breathable, and may be laminated. Preferred materials include, for example, nylon, polyester, and polypropylene films that have been moisture-proofed with OPP, CPP, polyvinylidene chloride, and the like, as well as aluminum foil or aluminum-deposited plastic films. The inner bag of this type of hand warmer is usually made of nonwoven fabric, but any material that is breathable may be used, such as cloth or paper. Next, the body warmer of the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples, Comparative Examples, and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Examples 1 to 5 25 g of reduced iron powder (particle size 100 mesh pass), ferrous sulfide powder (particle size 60 mesh pass, first class reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in the amounts shown in Table 1, water 12 g, and sodium chloride. 1.5 g, vermiculite 2.5 g, activated carbon powder (CA, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 2 g, coconut shell charcoal (particle size 50 mesh pass) 7 g, and super absorbent resin (Sunwet IM-300, Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) made)
After thoroughly mixing 0.83 g, the mixture was sealed in a breathable bag and the state of heat generation was examined. The bag body is made of polyethylene laminated on the inner surface of a nylon nonwoven fabric, with a 6mm width and 8mm diameter in the center.
A piece with 150 perforations on one side at mm intervals (0.5 mm diameter needle was used) was used. Immediately after enclosing the sample, the sample was shaken several dozen times, placed on top of four blankets, and the thermocouple was sandwiched between the two blankets for measurement. The room temperature was maintained at approximately 8°C. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 The mixture was formulated and mixed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that ferrous sulfide powder was not used, and the mixture was sealed in a bag and its heat generation state was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. Comparative Example 2 The mixture was formulated and mixed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that reduced iron powder was not used, and the mixture was sealed in a bag made of non-woven fabric, and its heat generation state was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

【表】 実施例 6〜10 硫化第一鉄粉に代えて黄鉄鉱粉(100メツシユ
パス)を用いたほかは実施例1と同様に配合、混
合し、袋体に封入してそれらの発熱状態を実施例
1と同様にして測定した。 結果を第2表に示す。 比較例 3 還元鉄粉を用いなかつたほかは実施例6と同様
に配合、混合し、袋体に封入してその発熱状態を
実施例1と同様にして測定した。 結果を第2表に示す。
[Table] Examples 6 to 10 Blend and mix in the same manner as in Example 1, except that pyrite powder (100 mesh pass) was used instead of ferrous sulfide powder, and the mixture was sealed in a bag and the exothermic conditions were tested. Measurements were made in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2. Comparative Example 3 The mixture was formulated and mixed in the same manner as in Example 6, except that reduced iron powder was not used, and the mixture was sealed in a bag and its heat generation state was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

【表】 試験例 鉄粉30g、第3表に示す量の黄鉄鉱粉および水
酸化カルシウム0.4gを混合して非通気性のアル
ミ箔製の袋体に充填し、ついで水12g、塩化ナト
リウム1.5g、バーミキユライト2.5g、活性炭粉
(E―30、武田薬品工業(株)製)2.5g、ヤシ殻炭粉
7gおよび高吸水性樹脂(サンウエツトIM300)
を混合したものを前記袋体に鉄粉混合物と接触す
るように充填し、真空密封してガスの発生を調べ
た。 えられた密封体を乾燥炉で88℃で8時間加熱し
てガスの発生度合を調べた。それらの結果を第3
表に示す。 ガス発生の度合は、つぎの基準で肉眼により観
察評価した。 ◎:変化なし 〇:真空度がわずかに低下している △:わずかに袋体がふくらんでいる
[Table] Test example: 30 g of iron powder, pyrite powder in the amount shown in Table 3, and 0.4 g of calcium hydroxide were mixed and filled into a non-breathable aluminum foil bag, followed by 12 g of water and 1.5 g of sodium chloride. , 2.5 g of vermiculite, 2.5 g of activated carbon powder (E-30, manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), 7 g of coconut shell charcoal powder, and super absorbent resin (Sunwet IM300)
The bag was filled with the mixture so as to be in contact with the iron powder mixture, and the bag was vacuum-sealed and gas generation was examined. The resulting sealed body was heated in a drying oven at 88°C for 8 hours, and the degree of gas generation was examined. Those results in the third
Shown in the table. The degree of gas generation was visually evaluated using the following criteria. ◎: No change 〇: The degree of vacuum has decreased slightly △: The bag body has bulged slightly

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 鉄粉、硫化鉄粉、炭素質物質、水および金属
中性塩からなる混合物を袋体に封入してなるカイ
ロ。
1. A hand warmer made by enclosing a mixture of iron powder, iron sulfide powder, carbonaceous material, water, and metal neutral salt in a bag.
JP56165223A 1981-10-15 1981-10-15 Pocket heater Granted JPS5865784A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56165223A JPS5865784A (en) 1981-10-15 1981-10-15 Pocket heater

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56165223A JPS5865784A (en) 1981-10-15 1981-10-15 Pocket heater

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5865784A JPS5865784A (en) 1983-04-19
JPS6321716B2 true JPS6321716B2 (en) 1988-05-09

Family

ID=15808187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP56165223A Granted JPS5865784A (en) 1981-10-15 1981-10-15 Pocket heater

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5865784A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9193588B2 (en) 2006-02-01 2015-11-24 Tilak Bommaraju Hydrogen elimination and thermal energy generation in water-activated chemical heaters
US7971585B2 (en) 2006-02-01 2011-07-05 Tilak Bommaraju Hydrogen elimination and thermal energy generation in water-activated chemical heaters
CN107746704A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-03-02 辽宁好立环境治理有限公司 Environment-friendly novel boiler and freezing prevention tubing agent

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5040477A (en) * 1973-08-07 1975-04-14
JPS55131081A (en) * 1979-03-30 1980-10-11 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd Heat-generating material composition

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5040477A (en) * 1973-08-07 1975-04-14
JPS55131081A (en) * 1979-03-30 1980-10-11 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd Heat-generating material composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5865784A (en) 1983-04-19

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