JPS6321305A - Gas turbine/steam turbine combined motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the starting time by providing a bypass valve and bypass tube in an operating gas passage through which turbines and boiler are intercommunicated to each other in sequence for directly introducing a part or all of the operating gas while bypassing the output turbine. CONSTITUTION:In an operating gas passage through which a compressor turbine 12, output turbine 21 and boiler 31 are intercommunicated with each other, a bypass valve BV and bypass tube BP are provided so that a part or all of the operating gas can be directly introduced from a compressor driving turbine 12 to a boiler 31 while bypassing an output turbine 21. The output turbine 21 operated by the operating gas and a steam turbine 22 operated by the steam which is discharged from the boiler 31 are connected to an output shaft 23 through a reduction gear 24 so that a common load 40 is driven, thus the effective output being obtained. Therefore, a part or all of the operating gas with higher temperature than that in ordinary state can be introduced to the boiler 31 by bypassing the output turbine 21, thereby it is possible to shorten the starting time of the boiler 31.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to the configuration of various devices of gas turbine/steam turbine compound prime movers used for power generation, mechanical drive, or propulsion devices of ships, etc. It has an optimal configuration for small to medium-sized devices, and is used in the technical field of drive systems where it has a simple configuration for driving a single load.

Conventional technology A prime mover that introduces exhaust gas from a gas turbine into a boiler and uses its discharged steam to drive a steam turbine to extract power from both the gas turbine and steam turbine, a so-called combined gas turbine/steam turbine prime mover, has a high thermal efficiency. Due to its high price, it is beginning to be used for a wide range of purposes including power generation.

A typical configuration of this gas turbine/steam turbine compound prime mover (hereinafter simply referred to as compound prime mover) according to the prior art is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

First, conventional example 1 will be explained with reference to FIG.

A gas turbine integrally constructed with a compressor 101, a turbine 102, and a combustor 103 as its main elements.The steam turbine ( or Rankine) cycle system is constructed.

The shaft output of the gas turbine 100 serves as a driving force for a load 401, and the shaft output of the steam turbine 202 serves as a driving force for another load 402.

Next, conventional example 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

The difference between this example and the first example shown in FIG. 2 is that the turbine section of the gas turbine 100 is separated into a compressor drive turbine 111 and an output turbine 112, which have separate shaft systems. However, in this case as well, the gas turbine 100 is constructed integrally.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional compound engine as described above, since the gas turbine 100 is integrally constructed, there are the following drawbacks.

a) There are two systems of loads and their drive systems, which makes them complicated. Especially for 10,000 to 20,000! In the following capacities, the rotational speed on the load side and the rotational speed of the turbine 102 or the output turbine 112 often do not match, so a transmission is required for both of these output shaft systems, resulting in high costs. .

b) The temperature of the front half of the turbine 102 of the gas turbine 100, that is, the approximate outlet temperature of the combustor 103 is between 900°C and 130°C.
The temperature is quite high at around 0 degrees Celsius, and for this reason, this part (high-temperature turbine) employs various cooling methods, super heat-resistant materials, and various advanced design measures for the structure. Special processes are required from processing the parts to assembly.

On the other hand, the latter half of the turbine 102 (in the case of a multi-stage turbine,
At the low-pressure turbine) or the low-temperature turbine inlet of the output turbine 112, the gas temperature is approximately 100 to several hundred degrees Celsius lower than the combustor outlet temperature, and the design means and fabrication processes for this are limited to the former (high-temperature turbine). ) are essentially different from each other.

Therefore, in conventional systems, the high-temperature section turbine and the low-temperature section turbine of these turbine sections are integrally constructed, so a) the high-temperature section turbine and the low-temperature section turbine are connected throughout the entire process from design to processing and assembly. It takes a lot of effort to balance.

Since the high-temperature turbine, which is particularly thermally harsh, is located in the center (in the axial direction) of the gas turbine 100, large-scale disassembly is required for frequent inspections and repairs of this part, which reduces maintenance costs. It takes a lot of time and money.

C) In the gas turbine 100 and the steam turbine cycle system including the boiler 31 and the steam turbine 202,
The thermal design conditions of the equipment are significantly different, and the start-up process (the process from a stopped state to a specified combined operation) is also different in nature. Gas turbines are generally capable of rapid start-up, but steam turbine cycles The time from system startup to predetermined operation is much longer than that for gas turbines.

= 4- Therefore, even if it is desired to bring the gas turbine into full operation as soon as possible, the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 100 introduced into the boiler 31 will be transferred to all stages of the turbine 102 (FIG. 1) or to the compressor drive turbine 111 and the output turbine 112. In particular, the start-up time of this boiler 31 is characterized by a longer time in order to bring the boiler 31 to a predetermined operating condition. If you want to shorten the
An additional combustion device will be installed upstream of the boiler.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention takes the following measures in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. In other words, a gas generation unit consisting of a gas turbine with no shaft output whose main elements are a compressor, a compressor-driven turbine, and a combustor, an output turbine and a steam turbine connected to the same output shaft that drives a load or driven machine. A compound prime mover that has two output units integrated into each other, a compressor-driving turbine for a gas generation unit, an output unit, and a compound prime mover.
A complex prime mover equipped with a bypass valve and a bypass pipe for introducing a part or all of the working gas directly into the boiler, bypassing the output turbine, in the working gas passage that successively communicates with the output turbine and the boiler. do.

Embodiment Next, the structure and operation of an embodiment of the present invention will be explained in the first part.
This will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

The main elements are a compressor + IQ, a compressor-driven turbine 12, and a combustor 13, and the output shaft 23 drives a 10° load 40, which is a gas generation unit 10 consisting of a gas turbine with no shaft output, in which these kings are integrally constructed. An output unit in which an output turbine 21 and a steam turbine 22 (having a reduction gear 24 as necessary) connected to the unit are integrated.

A boiler 31 .including the steam turbine 22 . Steam turbine cycle system with condenser 32 and pump 33.

In the gas generation unit 10, outside air is compressed by the compressor 11 and turned into high-temperature gas by the combustor 13, and a part of the effective head of this high-temperature, high-pressure working gas is used to drive the compressor-driving turbine of the gas generation unit 10. The medium-pressure medium-temperature working gas that exits 12 utilizes most of its remaining effective head to
The power turbine 2.1 of the power unit 20 is activated.

The low-temperature, low-pressure working gas that has left the output turbine 21 and is still at a level of several hundred degrees Celsius is introduced into the boiler 32.
After the secondary working fluid (generally water) is heated and evaporated, it is discharged to the outside atmosphere.

Note that the steam discharged from the boiler 31 is introduced into the steam turbine 22, which is operated, becomes a liquid phase in the condenser 32, and is returned to the boiler 3X again by the pump 33.

A bypass valve B is installed in the working gas passage communicating the compressor turbine 12, the output turbine 21, and the boiler 31 as necessary.
A Y and a bypass pipe BP are provided so that part or all of the working gas can be introduced directly from the compressor drive turbine 12 into the boiler without passing through the output turbine 21.

The output turbine 21 operated by the working gas and the steam turbine 22 operated by the discharge steam of the boiler 31 are connected to the output shaft 23 via the reduction gear 24, and drive a common load 40. Make it a valid output.

The compound prime mover according to the present invention can be used not only as an electric or mechanical power source but also in a comprehensive manner, such as supplying a portion of steam or hot water from a boiler to the outside.

Effects of the Invention According to the compound prime mover of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained: a) Output turbine 21 that outputs effective output against external load;
Since the steam turbine 22 and the steam turbine 22 are integrally constructed and the output shaft 23 is common, the drive system for driving a single load 40 is simple, and a complex prime mover that is low cost and easy to use can be obtained.

b) Since the turbine section operated by working gas is separated into the compressor drive turbine 12 of the high-pressure, high-temperature gas generation unit IO and the output turbine 21 of the intermediate-pressure, intermediate-temperature output unit 20, the structure of each section is simple. As well as being able to simplify the process from design to processing and assembly,
Each process is efficient, the manufacturing cost is low, the reliability of the entire system is increased, and the time and cost required for maintenance are reduced.

C) Compressor drive turbine 12 of gas generation unit 10 and output turbine 21 and boiler 31 of output unit 20
A bypass valve BY and a bypass pipe BP are provided in the working gas passage that connects the main body of the working gas, and by bypassing part or all of the working gas to the output horn turbine 21 (when there is no bypass), it is possible to Since high temperature gas can be introduced into the boiler 31, the startup time of the boiler 31 can be shortened, and the time required to start up the compound engine can be shortened.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a compound prime mover according to the prior art, and FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing another configuration of the conventional example. lO...Gas generation unit, 11...Compressor, 12...
Compressor drive turbine, 13...Combustor, 20...Output unit, 21...Output turbine, 22...Steam turbine, 23...Output shaft, 24...Reduction gear, 31...Boiler, 32...Condenser , 33...Pump, 40...Negative L
BY: Bypass valve, BP: Bypass pipe. (Kariru) Procedural amendment (spontaneous) July 7, 1985 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Black 1) Akio I, Indication of case Patent application No. 164825 of 1988 2,
Title of the invention: Gas turbine/steam turbine combined prime mover 3, person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant name: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 4, sub-agent: 519 Hibiya Park Building, 8-1 Yurakucho-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100 No. (telephone 213)
-0686) 5. Subject of amendment: "Claims", "Detailed Description of the Invention", "Brief Description of Drawings" columns of the specification and Figure 1 6 of the drawings, Contents of amendment [A] Description Correct the text as follows. (1) The scope of claims has been amended as shown in the attached sheet. (2) On page 2, "combustor" in line 17 has been corrected to "combustor", and in line 20, "boiler 31, with boiler 31" has been corrected to "boiler 31". (3) On page 3, lines 2-3, "capacitor" was corrected to "condenser". (4) Page 6, line 20, “Gas generation with the same compound prime mover.”
Let be 1. ” and corrected. (5) On page 7, lines 1-6 “Knitting...” was deleted. In line 9, “Details.” was corrected to “Details. This embodiment consists of the following three parts.” In line 10, “Turbine” was corrected to “Turbine.”
Line 16=17 “Output unit.” is changed to “Output unit 2.”
00", and in lines 18-19, "capacitor" was corrected to "1 capacitor". (6) On page 8, ``32'' in line 11 is corrected as ``131'', ``capacitor'' in line 15 is corrected as ``condenser'', and line 18 ``Compressor turbine J is corrected as [compressor drive turbine]'' . (7) On page 11, line 10, “capacitor” was corrected to “condenser”. [B] Figure 1 in the drawings has been corrected as shown in the attached sheet (the suffix ``compressor'' in code 11 has been corrected to ``1 compressor''). Claim 7: A gas generation unit consisting of a gas turbine with no shaft output whose main elements are a compressor, a compressor-driven turbine, and a combustor, and a power turbine connected to the same output shaft that drives a load or driven machine. A gas turbine/steam turbine compound prime mover, characterized in that a gas turbine/steam turbine compound prime mover is configured with an output unit consisting of a steam turbine and a steam turbine. 2. In the compound engine according to claim 1, a portion or the entire view of the working gas is transmitted to the working gas passage that communicates with the compressor drive turbine of the gas generation unit, the output turbine of the output unit, and the boiler in this order. A gas turbine/steam turbine combined prime mover characterized by having a bypass means for bypassing the output turbine and introducing the power directly to the boiler.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A gas generation unit consisting of a gas turbine without shaft output whose main elements are a compressor, a compressor-driven turbine, and a combustor; an output consisting of a power turbine and a steam turbine connected to the same output shaft that drives a load or driven machine; A gas turbine/steam turbine combined prime mover in which each unit is integrally configured, a compressor drive turbine of a gas generation unit, an output turbine of an output unit, and a boiler in the combined prime mover are connected to a working gas passage connected in sequence to the working gas passage. A gas turbine/steam turbine combined prime mover equipped with a bypass valve and bypass pipe to bypass some or all of the output turbine and introduce it directly to the boiler.